Update range for remapped sparse textures instead of recreating them (#4442)

* Update sparsely mapped texture ranges without recreating

Important TODO in TexturePool. Smaller TODO: should I look into making textures with views also do this? It needs to be able to detect if the views can be instantly deleted without issue if they're now remapped.

* Actually do partial updates

* Signal group dirty after mappings changed

* Fix various issues (should work now)

* Further optimisation

Should load a lot less data (16x) when partial updating 3d textures.

* Improve stability

* Allow granular uploads on large textures, improve rules

* Actually avoid updating slices that aren't modified.

* Address some feedback, minor optimisation

* Small tweak

* Refactor DereferenceRequest

More specific initialization methods.

* Improve code for resetting handles

* Explain data loading a bit more

* Add some safety for setting null from different threads.

All texture sets come from the one thread, but null sets can come from multiple. Only decrement ref count if we succeeded the null set first.

* Address feedback 1

* Make a bit safer

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.md

@@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
----
-name: Bug Report
-about: Something doesn't work correctly in Ryujinx. Game-specific issues should be posted at https://github.com/Ryujinx/Ryujinx-Games-List instead, unless it is a provable regression.
-#assignees:
----
-
-## Bug Report
-
-[ If any section does not apply, replace its contents with "N/A". ]</br>
-[ Lines between [ ] (square brackets) should be removed before posting. ]
-
-### What's the issue you encountered?
-
-[ Describe the issue in detail and what you were doing beforehand. ]</br>
-[ Did you make any changes related to Ryujinx itself? ]</br>
-[ If so, make sure to include details relating to what exactly you changed. ]
-
-### How can the issue be reproduced?
-
-[ Include a detailed step by step process for recreating your issue. ]
-
-### Log file
-
-[ Logs files can be found under ``Logs`` folder in Ryujinx program folder. ]</br>
-[ If you don't include a crash report in instances of crash related issues, we will ask you one to provide one. ]
-
-### Environment?
-
-- Ryujinx version: 1.0.X</br>
-[ Replace X's with the Ryujinx version at time of crash. ]
-- Game version: X.X.X</br>
-[ Replace X's with the game version at time of crash. ]
-- System Specs:
-  - OS: *(e.g. Windows 10)*
-  - CPU: *(e.g. i7-6700)*
-  - GPU: *(e.g. NVIDIA RTX 2070)*
-  - RAM: *(e.g. 16GiB)*
-- Applied Mods : [ Yes (Which ones) / No ]
-
-### Additional context?
-
-Additional info about your environment:</br>
-[ Any other information relevant to your issue. ]

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+name: Bug Report
+description: File a bug report
+title: "[Bug]"
+labels: bug
+body:
+  - type: textarea
+    id: issue
+    attributes:
+      label: Description of the issue
+      description: What's the issue you encountered?
+    validations:
+      required: true
+  - type: textarea
+    id: repro
+    attributes:
+      label: Reproduction steps
+      description: How can the issue be reproduced?
+      placeholder: Describe each step as precisely as possible
+    validations:
+      required: true
+  - type: textarea
+    id: log
+    attributes:
+      label: Log file
+      description: A log file will help our developers to better diagnose and fix the issue.
+      placeholder: Logs files can be found under "Logs" folder in Ryujinx program folder. You can drag and drop the log on to the text area
+    validations:
+      required: true
+  - type: input
+    id: os
+    attributes:
+      label: OS
+      placeholder: "e.g. Windows 10"
+    validations:
+      required: true
+  - type: input
+    id: ryujinx-version
+    attributes:
+      label: Ryujinx version
+      placeholder: "e.g. 1.0.470"
+    validations:
+      required: true
+  - type: input
+    id: game-version
+    attributes:
+      label: Game version
+      placeholder: "e.g. 1.1.1"
+    validations:
+      required: false
+  - type: input
+    id: cpu
+    attributes:
+      label: CPU
+      placeholder: "e.g. i7-6700"
+    validations:
+      required: false
+  - type: input
+    id: gpu
+    attributes:
+      label: GPU
+      placeholder: "e.g. NVIDIA RTX 2070"
+    validations:
+      required: false
+  - type: input
+    id: ram
+    attributes:
+      label: RAM
+      placeholder: "e.g. 16GB"
+    validations:
+      required: false
+  - type: textarea
+    id: mods
+    attributes:
+      label: List of applied mods
+      placeholder: You can list applied mods here.
+    validations:
+      required: false
+  - type: textarea
+    id: additional-context
+    attributes:
+      label: Additional context?
+      description: |
+        - Additional info about your environment:
+        - Any other information relevant to your issue.
+    validations:
+      required: false

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/feature_request.md

@@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
----
-name: Feature Request
-about: Suggest a new feature for Ryujinx.
-#assignees:
----
-
-## Feature Request
-
-[ If any section does not apply, replace its contents with "N/A". ]</br>
-[ If you do not have the information needed for a section, replace its contents with "Unknown". ]</br>
-[ Lines between [ ] (square brackets) are to be removed before posting. ]</br>
-
-[ Please search for existing [feature requests](https://github.com/Ryujinx/Ryujinx/issues) before you make your own request. ]</br>
-[ Duplicate requests will be marked as such and you will be referred to the original request. ]
-
-### What feature are you suggesting?
-#### Overview:
-- [ Include the basic, high-level concepts for this feature here. ]
-
-#### Smaller Details: 
-- [ These may include specific methods of implementation etc. ]
-
-#### Nature of Request:  
-[ Remove all that do not apply to your request. ]
-- Addition
-  - [ Ex: Addition of certain original features or features from other community projects. ]
-  - [ If you are suggesting porting features or including features from other projects, include what license they are distributed under and what, if any libraries those project use. ]
-- Change
-- Removal
-  - [Ex: Removal of certain features or implementation due to a specific issue/bug or because of low quality code, etc.]
-
-### Why would this feature be useful?
-[ If this is a feature for an end-user, how does it benefit the end-user? ]</br>
-[ If this feature is for developers, what does it add to Ryujinx that did not already exist? ]

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/feature_request.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+name: Feature Request
+description: Suggest a new feature for Ryujinx.
+title: "[Feature Request]"
+body:
+  - type: textarea
+    id: overview
+    attributes:
+      label: Overview
+      description: Include the basic, high-level concepts for this feature here.
+    validations:
+      required: true
+  - type: textarea
+    id: details
+    attributes:
+      label: Smaller details
+      description: These may include specific methods of implementation etc.
+    validations:
+      required: true
+  - type: textarea
+    id: request
+    attributes:
+      label: Nature of request
+    validations:
+      required: true
+  - type: textarea
+    id: feature
+    attributes:
+      label: Why would this feature be useful?
+    validations:
+      required: true

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/missing_cpu_instruction.md

@@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
----
-name: Missing CPU Instruction
-about: CPU Instruction is missing in Ryujinx.
-#assignees:
----
-
-## Missing CPU Instruction
-
-[ If any section does not apply, replace its contents with "N/A". ]</br>
-[ If you do not have the information needed for a section, replace its contents with "Unknown". ]</br>
-[ Lines between [ ] (square brackets) are to be removed before posting. ]
-
-[ Please search for existing [missing CPU instruction](https://github.com/Ryujinx/Ryujinx/issues) before you make your own issue. ]</br>
-[ See the following [issue](https://github.com/Ryujinx/Ryujinx/issues/1405) as an example ]</br>
-[ Duplicate issue will be marked as such and you will be referred to the original request. ]
-
-### What CPU instruction is missing?
-
-Requires the *INSTRUCTION* instruction.</br>
-[ Replace *INSTRUCTION* by the instruction name, e.g. VADDL.U16 ]
-
-```
-*
-```
-[ Add the undefined instruction error message in the above code block ]
-
-### Instruction name
-```
-*
-```
-[ Include the name from [armconverter.com](https://armconverter.com/?disasm) or [shell-storm.org](http://shell-storm.org/online/Online-Assembler-and-Disassembler/?arch=arm64&endianness=big&dis_with_raw=True&dis_with_ins=True) in the above code block ]
-
-### Required by: 
-[ Add our (games list database)[https://github.com/Ryujinx/Ryujinx-Games-List/issues] links of games who require this instruction ]

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/missing_cpu_instruction.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+name: Missing CPU Instruction
+description: CPU Instruction is missing in Ryujinx.
+title: "[CPU]"
+labels: [cpu, not-implemented]
+body:
+  - type: textarea
+    id: instruction
+    attributes:
+      label: CPU instruction
+      description: What CPU instruction is missing?
+    validations:
+      required: true
+  - type: textarea
+    id: name
+    attributes:
+      label: Instruction name
+      description: Include the name from [armconverter.com](https://armconverter.com/?disasm) or [shell-storm.org](http://shell-storm.org/online/Online-Assembler-and-Disassembler/?arch=arm64&endianness=big&dis_with_raw=True&dis_with_ins=True) in the above code block
+    validations:
+      required: true
+  - type: textarea
+    id: required
+    attributes:
+      label: Required by
+      description: Add links to the [compatibility list page(s)](https://github.com/Ryujinx/Ryujinx-Games-List/issues) of the game(s) that require this instruction.
+    validations:
+      required: true

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/missing_service_call.md

@@ -1,35 +0,0 @@
----
-name: Missing Service Call
-about: Service call is missing in Ryujinx.
-#assignees:
----
-
-## Missing Service Call
-
-[ If any section does not apply, replace its contents with "N/A". ]</br>
-[ If you do not have the information needed for a section, replace its contents with "Unknown". ]</br>
-[ Lines between [ ] (square brackets) are to be removed before posting. ]
-
-[ Please search for existing [missing service call](https://github.com/Ryujinx/Ryujinx/issues) before you make your own issue. ]</br>
-[ See the following [issue](https://github.com/Ryujinx/Ryujinx/issues/1431) as an example ]</br>
-[ Duplicate issue will be marked as such and you will be referred to the original request. ]
-
-### What service call is missing?
-
-*SERVICE* *INTERFACE*: *NUMBER* (*NAME*) is not implemented.</br>
-[ Replace *SERVICE* by the service name, e.g. appletAE ]</br>
-[ Replace *INTERFACE* by the interface name, e.g. IAllSystemAppletProxiesService ]</br>
-[ Replace *NUMBER* by the call number, e.g. 100 ]</br>
-[ Replace *NAME* by the call name, e.g. OpenSystemAppletProxy ]</br>
-[ e.g. appletAE IAllSystemAppletProxiesService: 100 (OpenSystemAppletProxy) ]
-
-[ Add related links to the specific call from [Switchbrew](https://switchbrew.org/w/index.php?title=Services_API) and/or [SwIPC](https://reswitched.github.io/SwIPC/) ]
-
-### Service description
-```
-*
-```
-[ Include the description/explanation from [Switchbrew](https://switchbrew.org/w/index.php?title=Services_API) and/or [SwIPC](https://reswitched.github.io/SwIPC/) in the above code block ]
-
-### Required by: 
-[ Add our (games list database)[https://github.com/Ryujinx/Ryujinx-Games-List/issues] links of games who require this call ]

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/missing_service_call.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+name: Missing Service Call
+description: Service call is missing in Ryujinx.
+labels: not-implemented
+body:
+  - type: textarea
+    id: instruction
+    attributes:
+      label: Service call
+      description: What service call is missing?
+    validations:
+      required: true
+  - type: textarea
+    id: name
+    attributes:
+      label: Service description
+      description: Include the description/explanation from [Switchbrew](https://switchbrew.org/w/index.php?title=Services_API) and/or [SwIPC](https://reswitched.github.io/SwIPC/) in the above code block
+    validations:
+      required: true
+  - type: textarea
+    id: required
+    attributes:
+      label: Required by
+      description:  Add links to the [compatibility list page(s)](https://github.com/Ryujinx/Ryujinx-Games-List/issues) of the game(s) that require this service.
+    validations:
+      required: true

.github/workflows/flatpak.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+name: Flatpak release job
+
+on:
+  workflow_call:
+    inputs:
+      ryujinx_version:
+        required: true
+        type: string
+
+
+concurrency: flatpak-release
+
+jobs:
+  release:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    env:
+      NUGET_PACKAGES: ${{ github.workspace }}/.nuget/packages
+      GIT_COMMITTER_NAME: "RyujinxBot"
+      GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL: "61127645+RyujinxBot@users.noreply.github.com"
+      RYUJINX_PROJECT_FILE: "Ryujinx/Ryujinx.csproj"
+      NUGET_SOURCES_DESTDIR: "nuget-sources"
+      RYUJINX_VERSION: "${{ inputs.ryujinx_version }}"
+
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        with:
+          path: Ryujinx
+
+      - uses: actions/setup-dotnet@v3
+        with:
+          global-json-file: Ryujinx/global.json
+
+      - name: Get version info
+        id: version_info
+        working-directory: Ryujinx
+        run: |
+          echo "git_hash=$(git rev-parse HEAD)" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        with:
+          repository: flathub/org.ryujinx.Ryujinx
+          token: ${{ secrets.RYUJINX_BOT_PAT }}
+          submodules: recursive
+          path: flathub
+
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: python -m pip install PyYAML lxml
+
+      - name: Restore Nuget packages
+        run: dotnet restore Ryujinx/${{ env.RYUJINX_PROJECT_FILE }}
+
+      - name: Generate nuget_sources.json
+        shell: python
+        run: |
+          from pathlib import Path
+          import base64
+          import binascii
+          import json
+          import os
+
+          sources = []
+
+          for path in Path(os.environ['NUGET_PACKAGES']).glob('**/*.nupkg.sha512'):
+            name = path.parent.parent.name
+            version = path.parent.name
+            filename = '{}.{}.nupkg'.format(name, version)
+            url = 'https://api.nuget.org/v3-flatcontainer/{}/{}/{}'.format(name, version, filename)
+
+            with path.open() as fp:
+                sha512 = binascii.hexlify(base64.b64decode(fp.read())).decode('ascii')
+
+            sources.append({
+                'type': 'file',
+                'url': url,
+                'sha512': sha512,
+                'dest': os.environ['NUGET_SOURCES_DESTDIR'],
+                'dest-filename': filename,
+            })
+
+          with open('flathub/nuget_sources.json', 'w') as fp:
+            json.dump(sources, fp, indent=4)
+
+      - name: Update flatpak metadata
+        id: metadata
+        env:
+          RYUJINX_GIT_HASH: ${{ steps.version_info.outputs.git_hash }}
+        shell: python
+        run: |
+          import hashlib
+          import hmac
+          import json
+          import os
+          import yaml
+          from datetime import datetime
+          from lxml import etree
+          
+          
+          # Ensure we don't destroy multiline strings
+          def str_presenter(dumper, data):
+            if len(data.splitlines()) > 1:
+              return dumper.represent_scalar("tag:yaml.org,2002:str", data, style="|")
+            return dumper.represent_scalar("tag:yaml.org,2002:str", data)
+            
+            
+          yaml.representer.SafeRepresenter.add_representer(str, str_presenter)
+  
+          yaml_file = "flathub/org.ryujinx.Ryujinx.yml"
+          xml_file = "flathub/org.ryujinx.Ryujinx.appdata.xml"
+
+          with open(yaml_file, "r") as f:
+            data = yaml.safe_load(f)
+
+          for source in data["modules"][0]["sources"]:
+            if type(source) is str:
+              continue
+            if (
+              source["type"] == "git"
+              and source["url"] == "https://github.com/Ryujinx/Ryujinx.git"
+            ):
+              source["commit"] = os.environ['RYUJINX_GIT_HASH']
+
+          is_same_version = data["modules"][0]["build-options"]["env"]["RYUJINX_VERSION"] == os.environ['RYUJINX_VERSION']
+
+          with open(os.environ['GITHUB_OUTPUT'], "a") as gh_out:
+            if is_same_version:
+              gh_out.write(f"commit_message=Retry update to {os.environ['RYUJINX_VERSION']}")
+            else:
+              gh_out.write(f"commit_message=Update to {os.environ['RYUJINX_VERSION']}")
+
+          if not is_same_version:
+            data["modules"][0]["build-options"]["env"]["RYUJINX_VERSION"] = os.environ['RYUJINX_VERSION']
+
+            with open(yaml_file, "w") as f:
+                yaml.safe_dump(data, f, sort_keys=False)
+
+            parser = etree.XMLParser(remove_blank_text=True)
+            tree = etree.parse(xml_file, parser)
+
+            root = tree.getroot()
+
+            releases = root.find("releases")
+
+            element = etree.Element("release")
+            element.set("version", os.environ['RYUJINX_VERSION'])
+            element.set("date", datetime.now().date().isoformat())
+            releases.insert(0, element)
+
+            # Ensure 4 spaces
+            etree.indent(root, space="    ")
+
+            with open(xml_file, "wb") as f:
+              f.write(
+                etree.tostring(
+                  tree,
+                  pretty_print=True,
+                  encoding="UTF-8",
+                  doctype='<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>',
+                )
+              )
+
+      - name: Push flatpak update
+        working-directory: flathub
+        env:
+          COMMIT_MESSAGE: ${{ steps.metadata.outputs.commit_message }}
+        run: |
+          git config user.name "${{ env.GIT_COMMITTER_NAME }}"
+          git config user.email "${{ env.GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL }}"
+          git add .
+          git commit -m "$COMMIT_MESSAGE"
+          git push origin master

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -13,23 +13,22 @@ on:
 
 concurrency: release
 
+env:
+  POWERSHELL_TELEMETRY_OPTOUT: 1
+  DOTNET_CLI_TELEMETRY_OPTOUT: 1
+  RYUJINX_BASE_VERSION: "1.1"
+  RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_NAME: "master"
+  RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_OWNER: "Ryujinx"
+  RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_REPO: "release-channel-master"
+
 jobs:
   release:
     runs-on: windows-latest
-
-    env:
-      POWERSHELL_TELEMETRY_OPTOUT: 1
-      DOTNET_CLI_TELEMETRY_OPTOUT: 1
-      RYUJINX_BASE_VERSION: "1.1"
-      RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_NAME: "master"
-      RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_OWNER: "Ryujinx"
-      RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_REPO: "release-channel-master"
-
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v3
       - uses: actions/setup-dotnet@v3
         with:
-          dotnet-version: 7.0.x
+          global-json-file: global.json
       - name: Get version info
         id: version_info
         run: |
@@ -112,3 +111,10 @@ jobs:
           owner: ${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_OWNER }}
           repo: ${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_REPO }}
           token: ${{ secrets.RELEASE_TOKEN }}
+
+  flatpak_release:
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/flatpak.yml
+    needs: release
+    with:
+      ryujinx_version: "1.1.${{ github.run_number }}"
+    secrets: inherit

.gitignore

@@ -170,3 +170,6 @@ launchSettings.json
 
 # NetCore Publishing Profiles
 PublishProfiles/
+
+# Glade backup files
+*.glade~

ARMeilleure/ARMeilleure.csproj

@@ -16,4 +16,10 @@
     </ContentWithTargetPath>
   </ItemGroup>
 
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <AssemblyAttribute Include="System.Runtime.CompilerServices.InternalsVisibleTo">
+      <_Parameter1>Ryujinx.Tests</_Parameter1>
+    </AssemblyAttribute>
+  </ItemGroup>
+
 </Project>

ARMeilleure/CodeGen/Arm64/CodeGenCommon.cs

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 using ARMeilleure.IntermediateRepresentation;
-using System;
 using System.Numerics;
 
 namespace ARMeilleure.CodeGen.Arm64
@@ -32,9 +31,12 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.CodeGen.Arm64
 
         public static bool TryEncodeBitMask(Operand operand, out int immN, out int immS, out int immR)
         {
-            ulong value = operand.Value;
+            return TryEncodeBitMask(operand.Type, operand.Value, out immN, out immS, out immR);
+        }
 
-            if (operand.Type == OperandType.I32)
+        public static bool TryEncodeBitMask(OperandType type, ulong value, out int immN, out int immS, out int immR)
+        {
+            if (type == OperandType.I32)
             {
                 value |= value << 32;
             }
@@ -50,7 +52,7 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.CodeGen.Arm64
             // Any value AND all ones will be equal itself, so it's effectively a no-op.
             // Any value OR all ones will be equal all ones, so one can just use MOV.
             // Any value XOR all ones will be equal its inverse, so one can just use MVN.
-            if (value == ulong.MaxValue)
+            if (value == 0 || value == ulong.MaxValue)
             {
                 immN = 0;
                 immS = 0;
@@ -59,79 +61,18 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.CodeGen.Arm64
                 return false;
             }
 
-            int bitLength = CountSequence(value);
+            // Normalize value, rotating it such that the LSB is 1: Ensures we get a complete element that has not
+            // been cut-in-half across the word boundary.
+            int rotation = BitOperations.TrailingZeroCount(value & (value + 1));
+            ulong rotatedValue = ulong.RotateRight(value, rotation);
 
-            if ((value >> bitLength) != 0)
-            {
-                bitLength += CountSequence(value >> bitLength);
-            }
+            // Now that we have a complete element in the LSB with the LSB = 1, determine size and number of ones
+            // in element.
+            int elementSize = BitOperations.TrailingZeroCount(rotatedValue & (rotatedValue + 1));
+            int onesInElement = BitOperations.TrailingZeroCount(~rotatedValue);
 
-            int bitLengthLog2 = BitOperations.Log2((uint)bitLength);
-            int bitLengthPow2 = 1 << bitLengthLog2;
-
-            if (bitLengthPow2 < bitLength)
-            {
-                bitLengthLog2++;
-                bitLengthPow2 <<= 1;
-            }
-
-            int selectedESize = 64;
-            int repetitions = 1;
-            int onesCount = BitOperations.PopCount(value);
-
-            if (bitLengthPow2 < 64 && (value >> bitLengthPow2) != 0)
-            {
-                for (int eSizeLog2 = bitLengthLog2; eSizeLog2 < 6; eSizeLog2++)
-                {
-                    bool match = true;
-                    int eSize = 1 << eSizeLog2;
-                    ulong mask = (1UL << eSize) - 1;
-                    ulong eValue = value & mask;
-
-                    for (int e = 1; e < 64 / eSize; e++)
-                    {
-                        if (((value >> (e * eSize)) & mask) != eValue)
-                        {
-                            match = false;
-                            break;
-                        }
-                    }
-
-                    if (match)
-                    {
-                        selectedESize = eSize;
-                        repetitions = 64 / eSize;
-                        onesCount = BitOperations.PopCount(eValue);
-                        break;
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-
-            // Find rotation. We have two cases, one where the highest bit is 0
-            // and one where it is 1.
-            // If it's 1, we just need to count the number of 1 bits on the MSB to find the right rotation.
-            // If it's 0, we just need to count the number of 0 bits on the LSB to find the left rotation,
-            // then we can convert it to the right rotation shift by subtracting the value from the element size.
-            int rotation;
-            long vHigh = (long)(value << (64 - selectedESize));
-            if (vHigh < 0)
-            {
-                rotation = BitOperations.LeadingZeroCount(~(ulong)vHigh);
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                rotation = (selectedESize - BitOperations.TrailingZeroCount(value)) & (selectedESize - 1);
-            }
-
-            // Reconstruct value and see if it matches. If not, we can't encode.
-            ulong reconstructed = onesCount == 64 ? ulong.MaxValue : RotateRight((1UL << onesCount) - 1, rotation, selectedESize);
-
-            for (int bit = 32; bit >= selectedESize; bit >>= 1)
-            {
-                reconstructed |= reconstructed << bit;
-            }
-
-            if (reconstructed != value || onesCount == 0)
+            // Check the value is repeating; also ensures element size is a power of two.
+            if (ulong.RotateRight(value, elementSize) != value)
             {
                 immN = 0;
                 immS = 0;
@@ -140,34 +81,11 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.CodeGen.Arm64
                 return false;
             }
 
-            immR = rotation;
-
-            // immN indicates that there are no repetitions.
-            // The MSB of immS indicates the amount of repetitions, and the LSB the number of bits set.
-            if (repetitions == 1)
-            {
-                immN = 1;
-                immS = 0;
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                immN = 0;
-                immS = (0xf80 >> BitOperations.Log2((uint)repetitions)) & 0x3f;
-            }
-
-            immS |= onesCount - 1;
+            immN = (elementSize >> 6) & 1;
+            immS = (((~elementSize + 1) << 1) | (onesInElement - 1)) & 0x3f;
+            immR = (elementSize - rotation) & (elementSize - 1);
 
             return true;
         }
-
-        private static int CountSequence(ulong value)
-        {
-            return BitOperations.TrailingZeroCount(value) + BitOperations.TrailingZeroCount(~value);
-        }
-
-        private static ulong RotateRight(ulong bits, int shift, int size)
-        {
-            return (bits >> shift) | ((bits << (size - shift)) & (size == 64 ? ulong.MaxValue : (1UL << size) - 1));
-        }
     }
 }

ARMeilleure/CodeGen/Arm64/CodeGenContext.cs

@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.CodeGen.Arm64
             }
             else
             {
-                relocInfo = new RelocInfo(new RelocEntry[0]);
+                relocInfo = new RelocInfo(Array.Empty<RelocEntry>());
             }
 
             return (code, relocInfo);

ARMeilleure/CodeGen/Arm64/CodeGenerator.cs

@@ -1303,7 +1303,15 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.CodeGen.Arm64
 
         private static void GenerateConstantCopy(CodeGenContext context, Operand dest, ulong value)
         {
-            if (value != 0)
+            if (value == 0)
+            {
+                context.Assembler.Mov(dest, Register(ZrRegister, dest.Type));
+            }
+            else if (CodeGenCommon.TryEncodeBitMask(dest.Type, value, out _, out _, out _))
+            {
+                context.Assembler.Orr(dest, Register(ZrRegister, dest.Type), Const(dest.Type, (long)value));
+            }
+            else
             {
                 int hw = 0;
                 bool first = true;
@@ -1328,10 +1336,6 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.CodeGen.Arm64
                     value >>= 16;
                 }
             }
-            else
-            {
-                context.Assembler.Mov(dest, Register(ZrRegister, dest.Type));
-            }
         }
 
         private static void GenerateAtomicCas(

ARMeilleure/CodeGen/Arm64/PreAllocator.cs

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ using static ARMeilleure.IntermediateRepresentation.Operation.Factory;
 
 namespace ARMeilleure.CodeGen.Arm64
 {
-    class PreAllocator
+    static class PreAllocator
     {
         private class ConstantDict
         {
@@ -54,8 +54,8 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.CodeGen.Arm64
                         continue;
                     }
 
-                    HandleConstantRegCopy(constants, block.Operations, node);
-                    HandleDestructiveRegCopy(block.Operations, node);
+                    InsertConstantRegCopies(constants, block.Operations, node);
+                    InsertDestructiveRegCopies(block.Operations, node);
 
                     switch (node.Instruction)
                     {
@@ -78,28 +78,28 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.CodeGen.Arm64
 
                             // Copy values to registers expected by the function
                             // being called, as mandated by the ABI.
-                            HandleCall(constants, block.Operations, node);
+                            InsertCallCopies(constants, block.Operations, node);
                             break;
                         case Instruction.CompareAndSwap:
                         case Instruction.CompareAndSwap16:
                         case Instruction.CompareAndSwap8:
-                            nextNode = HandleCompareAndSwap(block.Operations, node);
+                            nextNode = GenerateCompareAndSwap(block.Operations, node);
                             break;
                         case Instruction.LoadArgument:
-                            nextNode = HandleLoadArgument(cctx, ref buffer, block.Operations, preservedArgs, node);
+                            nextNode = InsertLoadArgumentCopy(cctx, ref buffer, block.Operations, preservedArgs, node);
                             break;
                         case Instruction.Return:
-                            HandleReturn(block.Operations, node);
+                            InsertReturnCopy(block.Operations, node);
                             break;
                         case Instruction.Tailcall:
-                            HandleTailcall(constants, block.Operations, stackAlloc, node, node);
+                            InsertTailcallCopies(constants, block.Operations, stackAlloc, node, node);
                             break;
                     }
                 }
             }
         }
 
-        private static void HandleConstantRegCopy(ConstantDict constants, IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes, Operation node)
+        private static void InsertConstantRegCopies(ConstantDict constants, IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes, Operation node)
         {
             if (node.SourcesCount == 0 || IsIntrinsicWithConst(node))
             {
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.CodeGen.Arm64
             }
         }
 
-        private static void HandleDestructiveRegCopy(IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes, Operation node)
+        private static void InsertDestructiveRegCopies(IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes, Operation node)
         {
             if (node.Destination == default || node.SourcesCount == 0)
             {
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.CodeGen.Arm64
             }
         }
 
-        private static void HandleCall(ConstantDict constants, IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes, Operation node)
+        private static void InsertCallCopies(ConstantDict constants, IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes, Operation node)
         {
             Operation operation = node;
 
@@ -319,7 +319,7 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.CodeGen.Arm64
 
                     Operation copyOp = Operation(Instruction.Copy, argReg, source);
 
-                    HandleConstantRegCopy(constants, nodes, nodes.AddBefore(node, copyOp));
+                    InsertConstantRegCopies(constants, nodes, nodes.AddBefore(node, copyOp));
 
                     sources.Add(argReg);
                 }
@@ -329,7 +329,7 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.CodeGen.Arm64
 
                     Operation spillOp = Operation(Instruction.SpillArg, default, offset, source);
 
-                    HandleConstantRegCopy(constants, nodes, nodes.AddBefore(node, spillOp));
+                    InsertConstantRegCopies(constants, nodes, nodes.AddBefore(node, spillOp));
 
                     stackOffset += source.Type.GetSizeInBytes();
                 }
@@ -364,7 +364,7 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.CodeGen.Arm64
             operation.SetSources(sources.ToArray());
         }
 
-        private static void HandleTailcall(
+        private static void InsertTailcallCopies(
             ConstantDict constants,
             IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes,
             StackAllocator stackAlloc,
@@ -420,7 +420,7 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.CodeGen.Arm64
 
                     Operation copyOp = Operation(Instruction.Copy, argReg, source);
 
-                    HandleConstantRegCopy(constants, nodes, nodes.AddBefore(node, copyOp));
+                    InsertConstantRegCopies(constants, nodes, nodes.AddBefore(node, copyOp));
 
                     sources.Add(argReg);
                 }
@@ -444,7 +444,7 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.CodeGen.Arm64
             operation.SetSources(sources.ToArray());
         }
 
-        private static Operation HandleCompareAndSwap(IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes, Operation node)
+        private static Operation GenerateCompareAndSwap(IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes, Operation node)
         {
             Operand expected = node.GetSource(1);
 
@@ -508,7 +508,7 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.CodeGen.Arm64
             return node.ListNext;
         }
 
-        private static void HandleReturn(IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes, Operation node)
+        private static void InsertReturnCopy(IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes, Operation node)
         {
             if (node.SourcesCount == 0)
             {
@@ -537,7 +537,7 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.CodeGen.Arm64
             }
         }
 
-        private static Operation HandleLoadArgument(
+        private static Operation InsertLoadArgumentCopy(
             CompilerContext cctx,
             ref Span<Operation> buffer,
             IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes,
@@ -629,7 +629,7 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.CodeGen.Arm64
                 if (dest.AssignmentsCount == 1)
                 {
                     // Let's propagate the argument if we can to avoid copies.
-                    Propagate(ref buffer, dest, preservedArgs[index]);
+                    PreAllocatorCommon.Propagate(ref buffer, dest, preservedArgs[index]);
                     nextNode = node.ListNext;
                 }
                 else
@@ -648,54 +648,6 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.CodeGen.Arm64
             }
         }
 
-        private static void Propagate(ref Span<Operation> buffer, Operand dest, Operand value)
-        {
-            ReadOnlySpan<Operation> uses = dest.GetUses(ref buffer);
-
-            foreach (Operation use in uses)
-            {
-                for (int srcIndex = 0; srcIndex < use.SourcesCount; srcIndex++)
-                {
-                    Operand useSrc = use.GetSource(srcIndex);
-
-                    if (useSrc == dest)
-                    {
-                        use.SetSource(srcIndex, value);
-                    }
-                    else if (useSrc.Kind == OperandKind.Memory)
-                    {
-                        MemoryOperand memoryOp = useSrc.GetMemory();
-
-                        Operand baseAddr = memoryOp.BaseAddress;
-                        Operand index = memoryOp.Index;
-                        bool changed = false;
-
-                        if (baseAddr == dest)
-                        {
-                            baseAddr = value;
-                            changed = true;
-                        }
-
-                        if (index == dest)
-                        {
-                            index = value;
-                            changed = true;
-                        }
-
-                        if (changed)
-                        {
-                            use.SetSource(srcIndex, MemoryOp(
-                                useSrc.Type,
-                                baseAddr,
-                                index,
-                                memoryOp.Scale,
-                                memoryOp.Displacement));
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
         private static Operand AddFloatConstantCopy(
             ConstantDict constants,
             IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes,

ARMeilleure/CodeGen/CompiledFunction.cs

@@ -48,9 +48,21 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.CodeGen
         /// <returns>A delegate of type <typeparamref name="T"/> pointing to the mapped function</returns>
         public T Map<T>()
         {
-            IntPtr codePtr = JitCache.Map(this);
+            return MapWithPointer<T>(out _);
+        }
 
-            return Marshal.GetDelegateForFunctionPointer<T>(codePtr);
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Maps the <see cref="CompiledFunction"/> onto the <see cref="JitCache"/> and returns a delegate of type
+        /// <typeparamref name="T"/> pointing to the mapped function.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <typeparam name="T">Type of delegate</typeparam>
+        /// <param name="codePointer">Pointer to the function code in memory</param>
+        /// <returns>A delegate of type <typeparamref name="T"/> pointing to the mapped function</returns>
+        public T MapWithPointer<T>(out IntPtr codePointer)
+        {
+            codePointer = JitCache.Map(this);
+
+            return Marshal.GetDelegateForFunctionPointer<T>(codePointer);
         }
     }
 }

ARMeilleure/CodeGen/PreAllocatorCommon.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+using ARMeilleure.IntermediateRepresentation;
+using System;
+using static ARMeilleure.IntermediateRepresentation.Operand.Factory;
+
+namespace ARMeilleure.CodeGen
+{
+    static class PreAllocatorCommon
+    {
+        public static void Propagate(ref Span<Operation> buffer, Operand dest, Operand value)
+        {
+            ReadOnlySpan<Operation> uses = dest.GetUses(ref buffer);
+
+            foreach (Operation use in uses)
+            {
+                for (int srcIndex = 0; srcIndex < use.SourcesCount; srcIndex++)
+                {
+                    Operand useSrc = use.GetSource(srcIndex);
+
+                    if (useSrc == dest)
+                    {
+                        use.SetSource(srcIndex, value);
+                    }
+                    else if (useSrc.Kind == OperandKind.Memory)
+                    {
+                        MemoryOperand memoryOp = useSrc.GetMemory();
+
+                        Operand baseAddr = memoryOp.BaseAddress;
+                        Operand index = memoryOp.Index;
+                        bool changed = false;
+
+                        if (baseAddr == dest)
+                        {
+                            baseAddr = value;
+                            changed = true;
+                        }
+
+                        if (index == dest)
+                        {
+                            index = value;
+                            changed = true;
+                        }
+
+                        if (changed)
+                        {
+                            use.SetSource(srcIndex, MemoryOp(
+                                useSrc.Type,
+                                baseAddr,
+                                index,
+                                memoryOp.Scale,
+                                memoryOp.Displacement));
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

ARMeilleure/CodeGen/RegisterAllocators/LinearScanAllocator.cs

@@ -433,16 +433,11 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.CodeGen.RegisterAllocators
 
         private static int GetHighestValueIndex(Span<int> span)
         {
-            int highest = span[0];
-
-            if (highest == int.MaxValue)
-            {
-                return 0;
-            }
+            int highest = int.MinValue;
 
             int selected = 0;
 
-            for (int index = 1; index < span.Length; index++)
+            for (int index = 0; index < span.Length; index++)
             {
                 int current = span[index];
 

ARMeilleure/CodeGen/X86/PreAllocator.cs

@@ -2,19 +2,20 @@ using ARMeilleure.CodeGen.RegisterAllocators;
 using ARMeilleure.IntermediateRepresentation;
 using ARMeilleure.Translation;
 using System;
-using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Diagnostics;
 using static ARMeilleure.IntermediateRepresentation.Operand.Factory;
 using static ARMeilleure.IntermediateRepresentation.Operation.Factory;
 
 namespace ARMeilleure.CodeGen.X86
 {
-    static class PreAllocator
+    class PreAllocator
     {
         public static void RunPass(CompilerContext cctx, StackAllocator stackAlloc, out int maxCallArgs)
         {
             maxCallArgs = -1;
 
+            Span<Operation> buffer = default;
+
             CallConvName callConv = CallingConvention.GetCurrentCallConv();
 
             Operand[] preservedArgs = new Operand[CallingConvention.GetArgumentsOnRegsCount()];
@@ -32,9 +33,9 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.CodeGen.X86
                         continue;
                     }
 
-                    HandleConstantRegCopy(block.Operations, node);
-                    HandleDestructiveRegCopy(block.Operations, node);
-                    HandleConstrainedRegCopy(block.Operations, node);
+                    InsertConstantRegCopies(block.Operations, node);
+                    InsertDestructiveRegCopies(block.Operations, node);
+                    InsertConstrainedRegCopies(block.Operations, node);
 
                     switch (node.Instruction)
                     {
@@ -59,62 +60,62 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.CodeGen.X86
                             // being called, as mandated by the ABI.
                             if (callConv == CallConvName.Windows)
                             {
-                                HandleCallWindowsAbi(block.Operations, stackAlloc, node);
+                                PreAllocatorWindows.InsertCallCopies(block.Operations, stackAlloc, node);
                             }
                             else /* if (callConv == CallConvName.SystemV) */
                             {
-                                HandleCallSystemVAbi(block.Operations, node);
+                                PreAllocatorSystemV.InsertCallCopies(block.Operations, node);
                             }
                             break;
 
                         case Instruction.ConvertToFPUI:
-                            HandleConvertToFPUI(block.Operations, node);
+                            GenerateConvertToFPUI(block.Operations, node);
                             break;
 
                         case Instruction.LoadArgument:
                             if (callConv == CallConvName.Windows)
                             {
-                                nextNode = HandleLoadArgumentWindowsAbi(cctx, block.Operations, preservedArgs, node);
+                                nextNode = PreAllocatorWindows.InsertLoadArgumentCopy(cctx, ref buffer, block.Operations, preservedArgs, node);
                             }
                             else /* if (callConv == CallConvName.SystemV) */
                             {
-                                nextNode = HandleLoadArgumentSystemVAbi(cctx, block.Operations, preservedArgs, node);
+                                nextNode = PreAllocatorSystemV.InsertLoadArgumentCopy(cctx, ref buffer, block.Operations, preservedArgs, node);
                             }
                             break;
 
                         case Instruction.Negate:
                             if (!node.GetSource(0).Type.IsInteger())
                             {
-                                HandleNegate(block.Operations, node);
+                                GenerateNegate(block.Operations, node);
                             }
                             break;
 
                         case Instruction.Return:
                             if (callConv == CallConvName.Windows)
                             {
-                                HandleReturnWindowsAbi(cctx, block.Operations, preservedArgs, node);
+                                PreAllocatorWindows.InsertReturnCopy(cctx, block.Operations, preservedArgs, node);
                             }
                             else /* if (callConv == CallConvName.SystemV) */
                             {
-                                HandleReturnSystemVAbi(block.Operations, node);
+                                PreAllocatorSystemV.InsertReturnCopy(block.Operations, node);
                             }
                             break;
 
                         case Instruction.Tailcall:
                             if (callConv == CallConvName.Windows)
                             {
-                                HandleTailcallWindowsAbi(block.Operations, stackAlloc, node);
+                                PreAllocatorWindows.InsertTailcallCopies(block.Operations, stackAlloc, node);
                             }
                             else
                             {
-                                HandleTailcallSystemVAbi(block.Operations, stackAlloc, node);
+                                PreAllocatorSystemV.InsertTailcallCopies(block.Operations, stackAlloc, node);
                             }
                             break;
 
                         case Instruction.VectorInsert8:
                             if (!HardwareCapabilities.SupportsSse41)
                             {
-                                HandleVectorInsert8(block.Operations, node);
+                                GenerateVectorInsert8(block.Operations, node);
                             }
                             break;
 
@@ -131,7 +132,7 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.CodeGen.X86
             }
         }
 
-        private static void HandleConstantRegCopy(IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes, Operation node)
+        protected static void InsertConstantRegCopies(IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes, Operation node)
         {
             if (node.SourcesCount == 0 || IsXmmIntrinsic(node))
             {
@@ -212,7 +213,7 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.CodeGen.X86
             }
         }
 
-        private static void HandleConstrainedRegCopy(IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes, Operation node)
+        protected static void InsertConstrainedRegCopies(IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes, Operation node)
         {
             Operand dest = node.Destination;
 
@@ -369,7 +370,7 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.CodeGen.X86
             }
         }
 
-        private static void HandleDestructiveRegCopy(IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes, Operation node)
+        protected static void InsertDestructiveRegCopies(IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes, Operation node)
         {
             if (node.Destination == default || node.SourcesCount == 0)
             {
@@ -447,7 +448,7 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.CodeGen.X86
             }
         }
 
-        private static void HandleConvertToFPUI(IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes, Operation node)
+        private static void GenerateConvertToFPUI(IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes, Operation node)
         {
             // Unsigned integer to FP conversions are not supported on X86.
             // We need to turn them into signed integer to FP conversions, and
@@ -501,7 +502,7 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.CodeGen.X86
             Delete(nodes, currentNode);
         }
 
-        private static void HandleNegate(IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes, Operation node)
+        private static void GenerateNegate(IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes, Operation node)
         {
             // There's no SSE FP negate instruction, so we need to transform that into
             // a XOR of the value to be negated with a mask with the highest bit set.
@@ -534,7 +535,7 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.CodeGen.X86
             Delete(nodes, currentNode);
         }
 
-        private static void HandleVectorInsert8(IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes, Operation node)
+        private static void GenerateVectorInsert8(IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes, Operation node)
         {
             // Handle vector insertion, when SSE 4.1 is not supported.
             Operand dest = node.Destination;
@@ -579,620 +580,7 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.CodeGen.X86
             Delete(nodes, currentNode);
         }
 
-        private static void HandleCallWindowsAbi(IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes, StackAllocator stackAlloc, Operation node)
-        {
-            Operand dest = node.Destination;
-
-            // Handle struct arguments.
-            int retArgs = 0;
-            int stackAllocOffset = 0;
-
-            int AllocateOnStack(int size)
-            {
-                // We assume that the stack allocator is initially empty (TotalSize = 0).
-                // Taking that into account, we can reuse the space allocated for other
-                // calls by keeping track of our own allocated size (stackAllocOffset).
-                // If the space allocated is not big enough, then we just expand it.
-                int offset = stackAllocOffset;
-
-                if (stackAllocOffset + size > stackAlloc.TotalSize)
-                {
-                    stackAlloc.Allocate((stackAllocOffset + size) - stackAlloc.TotalSize);
-                }
-
-                stackAllocOffset += size;
-
-                return offset;
-            }
-
-            Operand arg0Reg = default;
-
-            if (dest != default && dest.Type == OperandType.V128)
-            {
-                int stackOffset = AllocateOnStack(dest.Type.GetSizeInBytes());
-
-                arg0Reg = Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntArgumentRegister(0), OperandType.I64);
-
-                Operation allocOp = Operation(Instruction.StackAlloc, arg0Reg, Const(stackOffset));
-
-                nodes.AddBefore(node, allocOp);
-
-                retArgs = 1;
-            }
-
-            int argsCount = node.SourcesCount - 1;
-            int maxArgs = CallingConvention.GetArgumentsOnRegsCount() - retArgs;
-
-            if (argsCount > maxArgs)
-            {
-                argsCount = maxArgs;
-            }
-
-            Operand[] sources = new Operand[1 + retArgs + argsCount];
-
-            sources[0] = node.GetSource(0);
-
-            if (arg0Reg != default)
-            {
-                sources[1] = arg0Reg;
-            }
-
-            for (int index = 1; index < node.SourcesCount; index++)
-            {
-                Operand source = node.GetSource(index);
-
-                if (source.Type == OperandType.V128)
-                {
-                    Operand stackAddr = Local(OperandType.I64);
-
-                    int stackOffset = AllocateOnStack(source.Type.GetSizeInBytes());
-
-                    nodes.AddBefore(node, Operation(Instruction.StackAlloc, stackAddr, Const(stackOffset)));
-
-                    Operation storeOp = Operation(Instruction.Store, default, stackAddr, source);
-
-                    HandleConstantRegCopy(nodes, nodes.AddBefore(node, storeOp));
-
-                    node.SetSource(index, stackAddr);
-                }
-            }
-
-            // Handle arguments passed on registers.
-            for (int index = 0; index < argsCount; index++)
-            {
-                Operand source = node.GetSource(index + 1);
-                Operand argReg;
-
-                int argIndex = index + retArgs;
-
-                if (source.Type.IsInteger())
-                {
-                    argReg = Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntArgumentRegister(argIndex), source.Type);
-                }
-                else
-                {
-                    argReg = Xmm(CallingConvention.GetVecArgumentRegister(argIndex), source.Type);
-                }
-
-                Operation copyOp = Operation(Instruction.Copy, argReg, source);
-
-                HandleConstantRegCopy(nodes, nodes.AddBefore(node, copyOp));
-
-                sources[1 + retArgs + index] = argReg;
-            }
-
-            // The remaining arguments (those that are not passed on registers)
-            // should be passed on the stack, we write them to the stack with "SpillArg".
-            for (int index = argsCount; index < node.SourcesCount - 1; index++)
-            {
-                Operand source = node.GetSource(index + 1);
-                Operand offset = Const((index + retArgs) * 8);
-
-                Operation spillOp = Operation(Instruction.SpillArg, default, offset, source);
-
-                HandleConstantRegCopy(nodes, nodes.AddBefore(node, spillOp));
-            }
-
-            if (dest != default)
-            {
-                if (dest.Type == OperandType.V128)
-                {
-                    Operand retValueAddr = Local(OperandType.I64);
-
-                    nodes.AddBefore(node, Operation(Instruction.Copy, retValueAddr, arg0Reg));
-
-                    Operation loadOp = Operation(Instruction.Load, dest, retValueAddr);
-
-                    nodes.AddAfter(node, loadOp);
-
-                    node.Destination = default;
-                }
-                else
-                {
-                    Operand retReg = dest.Type.IsInteger()
-                        ? Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntReturnRegister(), dest.Type)
-                        : Xmm(CallingConvention.GetVecReturnRegister(), dest.Type);
-
-                    Operation copyOp = Operation(Instruction.Copy, dest, retReg);
-
-                    nodes.AddAfter(node, copyOp);
-
-                    node.Destination = retReg;
-                }
-            }
-
-            node.SetSources(sources);
-        }
-
-        private static void HandleCallSystemVAbi(IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes, Operation node)
-        {
-            Operand dest = node.Destination;
-
-            List<Operand> sources = new List<Operand>
-            {
-                node.GetSource(0)
-            };
-
-            int argsCount = node.SourcesCount - 1;
-
-            int intMax = CallingConvention.GetIntArgumentsOnRegsCount();
-            int vecMax = CallingConvention.GetVecArgumentsOnRegsCount();
-
-            int intCount = 0;
-            int vecCount = 0;
-
-            int stackOffset = 0;
-
-            for (int index = 0; index < argsCount; index++)
-            {
-                Operand source = node.GetSource(index + 1);
-
-                bool passOnReg;
-
-                if (source.Type.IsInteger())
-                {
-                    passOnReg = intCount < intMax;
-                }
-                else if (source.Type == OperandType.V128)
-                {
-                    passOnReg = intCount + 1 < intMax;
-                }
-                else
-                {
-                    passOnReg = vecCount < vecMax;
-                }
-
-                if (source.Type == OperandType.V128 && passOnReg)
-                {
-                    // V128 is a struct, we pass each half on a GPR if possible.
-                    Operand argReg  = Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntArgumentRegister(intCount++), OperandType.I64);
-                    Operand argReg2 = Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntArgumentRegister(intCount++), OperandType.I64);
-
-                    nodes.AddBefore(node, Operation(Instruction.VectorExtract, argReg,  source, Const(0)));
-                    nodes.AddBefore(node, Operation(Instruction.VectorExtract, argReg2, source, Const(1)));
-
-                    continue;
-                }
-
-                if (passOnReg)
-                {
-                    Operand argReg = source.Type.IsInteger()
-                        ? Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntArgumentRegister(intCount++), source.Type)
-                        : Xmm(CallingConvention.GetVecArgumentRegister(vecCount++), source.Type);
-
-                    Operation copyOp = Operation(Instruction.Copy, argReg, source);
-
-                    HandleConstantRegCopy(nodes, nodes.AddBefore(node, copyOp));
-
-                    sources.Add(argReg);
-                }
-                else
-                {
-                    Operand offset = Const(stackOffset);
-
-                    Operation spillOp = Operation(Instruction.SpillArg, default, offset, source);
-
-                    HandleConstantRegCopy(nodes, nodes.AddBefore(node, spillOp));
-
-                    stackOffset += source.Type.GetSizeInBytes();
-                }
-            }
-
-            node.SetSources(sources.ToArray());
-
-            if (dest != default)
-            {
-                if (dest.Type == OperandType.V128)
-                {
-                    Operand retLReg = Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntReturnRegister(),     OperandType.I64);
-                    Operand retHReg = Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntReturnRegisterHigh(), OperandType.I64);
-
-                    Operation operation = node;
-
-                    node = nodes.AddAfter(node, Operation(Instruction.VectorCreateScalar, dest, retLReg));
-                    nodes.AddAfter(node, Operation(Instruction.VectorInsert, dest, dest, retHReg, Const(1)));
-
-                    operation.Destination = default;
-                }
-                else
-                {
-                    Operand retReg = dest.Type.IsInteger()
-                        ? Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntReturnRegister(), dest.Type)
-                        : Xmm(CallingConvention.GetVecReturnRegister(), dest.Type);
-
-                    Operation copyOp = Operation(Instruction.Copy, dest, retReg);
-
-                    nodes.AddAfter(node, copyOp);
-
-                    node.Destination = retReg;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        private static void HandleTailcallSystemVAbi(IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes, StackAllocator stackAlloc, Operation node)
-        {
-            List<Operand> sources = new List<Operand>
-            {
-                node.GetSource(0)
-            };
-
-            int argsCount = node.SourcesCount - 1;
-
-            int intMax = CallingConvention.GetIntArgumentsOnRegsCount();
-            int vecMax = CallingConvention.GetVecArgumentsOnRegsCount();
-
-            int intCount = 0;
-            int vecCount = 0;
-
-            // Handle arguments passed on registers.
-            for (int index = 0; index < argsCount; index++)
-            {
-                Operand source = node.GetSource(1 + index);
-
-                bool passOnReg;
-
-                if (source.Type.IsInteger())
-                {
-                    passOnReg = intCount + 1 < intMax;
-                }
-                else
-                {
-                    passOnReg = vecCount < vecMax;
-                }
-
-                if (source.Type == OperandType.V128 && passOnReg)
-                {
-                    // V128 is a struct, we pass each half on a GPR if possible.
-                    Operand argReg = Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntArgumentRegister(intCount++), OperandType.I64);
-                    Operand argReg2 = Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntArgumentRegister(intCount++), OperandType.I64);
-
-                    nodes.AddBefore(node, Operation(Instruction.VectorExtract, argReg, source, Const(0)));
-                    nodes.AddBefore(node, Operation(Instruction.VectorExtract, argReg2, source, Const(1)));
-
-                    continue;
-                }
-
-                if (passOnReg)
-                {
-                    Operand argReg = source.Type.IsInteger()
-                        ? Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntArgumentRegister(intCount++), source.Type)
-                        : Xmm(CallingConvention.GetVecArgumentRegister(vecCount++), source.Type);
-
-                    Operation copyOp = Operation(Instruction.Copy, argReg, source);
-
-                    HandleConstantRegCopy(nodes, nodes.AddBefore(node, copyOp));
-
-                    sources.Add(argReg);
-                }
-                else
-                {
-                    throw new NotImplementedException("Spilling is not currently supported for tail calls. (too many arguments)");
-                }
-            }
-
-            // The target address must be on the return registers, since we
-            // don't return anything and it is guaranteed to not be a
-            // callee saved register (which would be trashed on the epilogue).
-            Operand retReg = Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntReturnRegister(), OperandType.I64);
-
-            Operation addrCopyOp = Operation(Instruction.Copy, retReg, node.GetSource(0));
-
-            nodes.AddBefore(node, addrCopyOp);
-
-            sources[0] = retReg;
-
-            node.SetSources(sources.ToArray());
-        }
-
-        private static void HandleTailcallWindowsAbi(IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes, StackAllocator stackAlloc, Operation node)
-        {
-            int argsCount = node.SourcesCount - 1;
-            int maxArgs = CallingConvention.GetArgumentsOnRegsCount();
-
-            if (argsCount > maxArgs)
-            {
-                throw new NotImplementedException("Spilling is not currently supported for tail calls. (too many arguments)");
-            }
-
-            Operand[] sources = new Operand[1 + argsCount];
-
-            // Handle arguments passed on registers.
-            for (int index = 0; index < argsCount; index++)
-            {
-                Operand source = node.GetSource(1 + index);
-                Operand argReg = source.Type.IsInteger()
-                    ? Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntArgumentRegister(index), source.Type)
-                    : Xmm(CallingConvention.GetVecArgumentRegister(index), source.Type);
-
-                Operation copyOp = Operation(Instruction.Copy, argReg, source);
-
-                HandleConstantRegCopy(nodes, nodes.AddBefore(node, copyOp));
-
-                sources[1 + index] = argReg;
-            }
-
-            // The target address must be on the return registers, since we
-            // don't return anything and it is guaranteed to not be a
-            // callee saved register (which would be trashed on the epilogue).
-            Operand retReg = Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntReturnRegister(), OperandType.I64);
-
-            Operation addrCopyOp = Operation(Instruction.Copy, retReg, node.GetSource(0));
-
-            nodes.AddBefore(node, addrCopyOp);
-
-            sources[0] = retReg;
-
-            node.SetSources(sources);
-        }
-
-        private static Operation HandleLoadArgumentWindowsAbi(
-            CompilerContext cctx,
-            IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes,
-            Operand[] preservedArgs,
-            Operation node)
-        {
-            Operand source = node.GetSource(0);
-
-            Debug.Assert(source.Kind == OperandKind.Constant, "Non-constant LoadArgument source kind.");
-
-            int retArgs = cctx.FuncReturnType == OperandType.V128 ? 1 : 0;
-
-            int index = source.AsInt32() + retArgs;
-
-            if (index < CallingConvention.GetArgumentsOnRegsCount())
-            {
-                Operand dest = node.Destination;
-
-                if (preservedArgs[index] == default)
-                {
-                    Operand argReg, pArg;
-
-                    if (dest.Type.IsInteger())
-                    {
-                        argReg = Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntArgumentRegister(index), dest.Type);
-                        pArg = Local(dest.Type);
-                    }
-                    else if (dest.Type == OperandType.V128)
-                    {
-                        argReg = Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntArgumentRegister(index), OperandType.I64);
-                        pArg = Local(OperandType.I64);
-                    }
-                    else
-                    {
-                        argReg = Xmm(CallingConvention.GetVecArgumentRegister(index), dest.Type);
-                        pArg = Local(dest.Type);
-                    }
-
-                    Operation copyOp = Operation(Instruction.Copy, pArg, argReg);
-
-                    cctx.Cfg.Entry.Operations.AddFirst(copyOp);
-
-                    preservedArgs[index] = pArg;
-                }
-
-                Operation argCopyOp = Operation(dest.Type == OperandType.V128
-                    ? Instruction.Load
-                    : Instruction.Copy, dest, preservedArgs[index]);
-
-                Operation newNode = nodes.AddBefore(node, argCopyOp);
-
-                Delete(nodes, node);
-
-                return newNode;
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                // TODO: Pass on stack.
-                return node;
-            }
-        }
-
-        private static Operation HandleLoadArgumentSystemVAbi(
-            CompilerContext cctx,
-            IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes,
-            Operand[] preservedArgs,
-            Operation node)
-        {
-            Operand source = node.GetSource(0);
-
-            Debug.Assert(source.Kind == OperandKind.Constant, "Non-constant LoadArgument source kind.");
-
-            int index = source.AsInt32();
-
-            int intCount = 0;
-            int vecCount = 0;
-
-            for (int cIndex = 0; cIndex < index; cIndex++)
-            {
-                OperandType argType = cctx.FuncArgTypes[cIndex];
-
-                if (argType.IsInteger())
-                {
-                    intCount++;
-                }
-                else if (argType == OperandType.V128)
-                {
-                    intCount += 2;
-                }
-                else
-                {
-                    vecCount++;
-                }
-            }
-
-            bool passOnReg;
-
-            if (source.Type.IsInteger())
-            {
-                passOnReg = intCount < CallingConvention.GetIntArgumentsOnRegsCount();
-            }
-            else if (source.Type == OperandType.V128)
-            {
-                passOnReg = intCount + 1 < CallingConvention.GetIntArgumentsOnRegsCount();
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                passOnReg = vecCount < CallingConvention.GetVecArgumentsOnRegsCount();
-            }
-
-            if (passOnReg)
-            {
-                Operand dest = node.Destination;
-
-                if (preservedArgs[index] == default)
-                {
-                    if (dest.Type == OperandType.V128)
-                    {
-                        // V128 is a struct, we pass each half on a GPR if possible.
-                        Operand pArg = Local(OperandType.V128);
-
-                        Operand argLReg = Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntArgumentRegister(intCount),     OperandType.I64);
-                        Operand argHReg = Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntArgumentRegister(intCount + 1), OperandType.I64);
-
-                        Operation copyL = Operation(Instruction.VectorCreateScalar, pArg, argLReg);
-                        Operation copyH = Operation(Instruction.VectorInsert,       pArg, pArg, argHReg, Const(1));
-
-                        cctx.Cfg.Entry.Operations.AddFirst(copyH);
-                        cctx.Cfg.Entry.Operations.AddFirst(copyL);
-
-                        preservedArgs[index] = pArg;
-                    }
-                    else
-                    {
-                        Operand pArg = Local(dest.Type);
-
-                        Operand argReg = dest.Type.IsInteger()
-                            ? Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntArgumentRegister(intCount), dest.Type)
-                            : Xmm(CallingConvention.GetVecArgumentRegister(vecCount), dest.Type);
-
-                        Operation copyOp = Operation(Instruction.Copy, pArg, argReg);
-
-                        cctx.Cfg.Entry.Operations.AddFirst(copyOp);
-
-                        preservedArgs[index] = pArg;
-                    }
-                }
-
-                Operation argCopyOp = Operation(Instruction.Copy, dest, preservedArgs[index]);
-
-                Operation newNode = nodes.AddBefore(node, argCopyOp);
-
-                Delete(nodes, node);
-
-                return newNode;
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                // TODO: Pass on stack.
-                return node;
-            }
-        }
-
-        private static void HandleReturnWindowsAbi(
-            CompilerContext cctx,
-            IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes,
-            Operand[] preservedArgs,
-            Operation node)
-        {
-            if (node.SourcesCount == 0)
-            {
-                return;
-            }
-
-            Operand source = node.GetSource(0);
-            Operand retReg;
-
-            if (source.Type.IsInteger())
-            {
-                retReg = Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntReturnRegister(), source.Type);
-            }
-            else if (source.Type == OperandType.V128)
-            {
-                if (preservedArgs[0] == default)
-                {
-                    Operand preservedArg = Local(OperandType.I64);
-                    Operand arg0 = Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntArgumentRegister(0), OperandType.I64);
-
-                    Operation copyOp = Operation(Instruction.Copy, preservedArg, arg0);
-
-                    cctx.Cfg.Entry.Operations.AddFirst(copyOp);
-
-                    preservedArgs[0] = preservedArg;
-                }
-
-                retReg = preservedArgs[0];
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                retReg = Xmm(CallingConvention.GetVecReturnRegister(), source.Type);
-            }
-
-            if (source.Type == OperandType.V128)
-            {
-                Operation retStoreOp = Operation(Instruction.Store, default, retReg, source);
-
-                nodes.AddBefore(node, retStoreOp);
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                Operation retCopyOp = Operation(Instruction.Copy, retReg, source);
-
-                nodes.AddBefore(node, retCopyOp);
-            }
-
-            node.SetSources(Array.Empty<Operand>());
-        }
-
-        private static void HandleReturnSystemVAbi(IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes, Operation node)
-        {
-            if (node.SourcesCount == 0)
-            {
-                return;
-            }
-
-            Operand source = node.GetSource(0);
-
-            if (source.Type == OperandType.V128)
-            {
-                Operand retLReg = Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntReturnRegister(),     OperandType.I64);
-                Operand retHReg = Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntReturnRegisterHigh(), OperandType.I64);
-
-                nodes.AddBefore(node, Operation(Instruction.VectorExtract, retLReg, source, Const(0)));
-                nodes.AddBefore(node, Operation(Instruction.VectorExtract, retHReg, source, Const(1)));
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                Operand retReg = source.Type.IsInteger()
-                    ? Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntReturnRegister(), source.Type)
-                    : Xmm(CallingConvention.GetVecReturnRegister(), source.Type);
-
-                Operation retCopyOp = Operation(Instruction.Copy, retReg, source);
-
-                nodes.AddBefore(node, retCopyOp);
-            }
-        }
-
-        private static Operand AddXmmCopy(IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes, Operation node, Operand source)
+        protected static Operand AddXmmCopy(IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes, Operation node, Operand source)
         {
             Operand temp = Local(source.Type);
             Operand intConst = AddCopy(nodes, node, GetIntConst(source));
@@ -1204,7 +592,7 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.CodeGen.X86
             return temp;
         }
 
-        private static Operand AddCopy(IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes, Operation node, Operand source)
+        protected static Operand AddCopy(IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes, Operation node, Operand source)
         {
             Operand temp = Local(source.Type);
 
@@ -1229,7 +617,7 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.CodeGen.X86
             return value;
         }
 
-        private static void Delete(IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes, Operation node)
+        protected static void Delete(IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes, Operation node)
         {
             node.Destination = default;
 
@@ -1241,12 +629,12 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.CodeGen.X86
             nodes.Remove(node);
         }
 
-        private static Operand Gpr(X86Register register, OperandType type)
+        protected static Operand Gpr(X86Register register, OperandType type)
         {
             return Register((int)register, RegisterType.Integer, type);
         }
 
-        private static Operand Xmm(X86Register register, OperandType type)
+        protected static Operand Xmm(X86Register register, OperandType type)
         {
             return Register((int)register, RegisterType.Vector, type);
         }

ARMeilleure/CodeGen/X86/PreAllocatorSystemV.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,334 @@
+using ARMeilleure.CodeGen.RegisterAllocators;
+using ARMeilleure.IntermediateRepresentation;
+using ARMeilleure.Translation;
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Diagnostics;
+using static ARMeilleure.IntermediateRepresentation.Operand.Factory;
+using static ARMeilleure.IntermediateRepresentation.Operation.Factory;
+
+namespace ARMeilleure.CodeGen.X86
+{
+    class PreAllocatorSystemV : PreAllocator
+    {
+        public static void InsertCallCopies(IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes, Operation node)
+        {
+            Operand dest = node.Destination;
+
+            List<Operand> sources = new List<Operand>
+            {
+                node.GetSource(0)
+            };
+
+            int argsCount = node.SourcesCount - 1;
+
+            int intMax = CallingConvention.GetIntArgumentsOnRegsCount();
+            int vecMax = CallingConvention.GetVecArgumentsOnRegsCount();
+
+            int intCount = 0;
+            int vecCount = 0;
+
+            int stackOffset = 0;
+
+            for (int index = 0; index < argsCount; index++)
+            {
+                Operand source = node.GetSource(index + 1);
+
+                bool passOnReg;
+
+                if (source.Type.IsInteger())
+                {
+                    passOnReg = intCount < intMax;
+                }
+                else if (source.Type == OperandType.V128)
+                {
+                    passOnReg = intCount + 1 < intMax;
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    passOnReg = vecCount < vecMax;
+                }
+
+                if (source.Type == OperandType.V128 && passOnReg)
+                {
+                    // V128 is a struct, we pass each half on a GPR if possible.
+                    Operand argReg  = Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntArgumentRegister(intCount++), OperandType.I64);
+                    Operand argReg2 = Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntArgumentRegister(intCount++), OperandType.I64);
+
+                    nodes.AddBefore(node, Operation(Instruction.VectorExtract, argReg,  source, Const(0)));
+                    nodes.AddBefore(node, Operation(Instruction.VectorExtract, argReg2, source, Const(1)));
+
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                if (passOnReg)
+                {
+                    Operand argReg = source.Type.IsInteger()
+                        ? Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntArgumentRegister(intCount++), source.Type)
+                        : Xmm(CallingConvention.GetVecArgumentRegister(vecCount++), source.Type);
+
+                    Operation copyOp = Operation(Instruction.Copy, argReg, source);
+
+                    InsertConstantRegCopies(nodes, nodes.AddBefore(node, copyOp));
+
+                    sources.Add(argReg);
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    Operand offset = Const(stackOffset);
+
+                    Operation spillOp = Operation(Instruction.SpillArg, default, offset, source);
+
+                    InsertConstantRegCopies(nodes, nodes.AddBefore(node, spillOp));
+
+                    stackOffset += source.Type.GetSizeInBytes();
+                }
+            }
+
+            node.SetSources(sources.ToArray());
+
+            if (dest != default)
+            {
+                if (dest.Type == OperandType.V128)
+                {
+                    Operand retLReg = Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntReturnRegister(),     OperandType.I64);
+                    Operand retHReg = Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntReturnRegisterHigh(), OperandType.I64);
+
+                    Operation operation = node;
+
+                    node = nodes.AddAfter(node, Operation(Instruction.VectorCreateScalar, dest, retLReg));
+                    nodes.AddAfter(node, Operation(Instruction.VectorInsert, dest, dest, retHReg, Const(1)));
+
+                    operation.Destination = default;
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    Operand retReg = dest.Type.IsInteger()
+                        ? Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntReturnRegister(), dest.Type)
+                        : Xmm(CallingConvention.GetVecReturnRegister(), dest.Type);
+
+                    Operation copyOp = Operation(Instruction.Copy, dest, retReg);
+
+                    nodes.AddAfter(node, copyOp);
+
+                    node.Destination = retReg;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        public static void InsertTailcallCopies(IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes, StackAllocator stackAlloc, Operation node)
+        {
+            List<Operand> sources = new List<Operand>
+            {
+                node.GetSource(0)
+            };
+
+            int argsCount = node.SourcesCount - 1;
+
+            int intMax = CallingConvention.GetIntArgumentsOnRegsCount();
+            int vecMax = CallingConvention.GetVecArgumentsOnRegsCount();
+
+            int intCount = 0;
+            int vecCount = 0;
+
+            // Handle arguments passed on registers.
+            for (int index = 0; index < argsCount; index++)
+            {
+                Operand source = node.GetSource(1 + index);
+
+                bool passOnReg;
+
+                if (source.Type.IsInteger())
+                {
+                    passOnReg = intCount + 1 < intMax;
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    passOnReg = vecCount < vecMax;
+                }
+
+                if (source.Type == OperandType.V128 && passOnReg)
+                {
+                    // V128 is a struct, we pass each half on a GPR if possible.
+                    Operand argReg = Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntArgumentRegister(intCount++), OperandType.I64);
+                    Operand argReg2 = Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntArgumentRegister(intCount++), OperandType.I64);
+
+                    nodes.AddBefore(node, Operation(Instruction.VectorExtract, argReg, source, Const(0)));
+                    nodes.AddBefore(node, Operation(Instruction.VectorExtract, argReg2, source, Const(1)));
+
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                if (passOnReg)
+                {
+                    Operand argReg = source.Type.IsInteger()
+                        ? Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntArgumentRegister(intCount++), source.Type)
+                        : Xmm(CallingConvention.GetVecArgumentRegister(vecCount++), source.Type);
+
+                    Operation copyOp = Operation(Instruction.Copy, argReg, source);
+
+                    InsertConstantRegCopies(nodes, nodes.AddBefore(node, copyOp));
+
+                    sources.Add(argReg);
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    throw new NotImplementedException("Spilling is not currently supported for tail calls. (too many arguments)");
+                }
+            }
+
+            // The target address must be on the return registers, since we
+            // don't return anything and it is guaranteed to not be a
+            // callee saved register (which would be trashed on the epilogue).
+            Operand retReg = Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntReturnRegister(), OperandType.I64);
+
+            Operation addrCopyOp = Operation(Instruction.Copy, retReg, node.GetSource(0));
+
+            nodes.AddBefore(node, addrCopyOp);
+
+            sources[0] = retReg;
+
+            node.SetSources(sources.ToArray());
+        }
+
+        public static Operation InsertLoadArgumentCopy(
+            CompilerContext cctx,
+            ref Span<Operation> buffer,
+            IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes,
+            Operand[] preservedArgs,
+            Operation node)
+        {
+            Operand source = node.GetSource(0);
+
+            Debug.Assert(source.Kind == OperandKind.Constant, "Non-constant LoadArgument source kind.");
+
+            int index = source.AsInt32();
+
+            int intCount = 0;
+            int vecCount = 0;
+
+            for (int cIndex = 0; cIndex < index; cIndex++)
+            {
+                OperandType argType = cctx.FuncArgTypes[cIndex];
+
+                if (argType.IsInteger())
+                {
+                    intCount++;
+                }
+                else if (argType == OperandType.V128)
+                {
+                    intCount += 2;
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    vecCount++;
+                }
+            }
+
+            bool passOnReg;
+
+            if (source.Type.IsInteger())
+            {
+                passOnReg = intCount < CallingConvention.GetIntArgumentsOnRegsCount();
+            }
+            else if (source.Type == OperandType.V128)
+            {
+                passOnReg = intCount + 1 < CallingConvention.GetIntArgumentsOnRegsCount();
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                passOnReg = vecCount < CallingConvention.GetVecArgumentsOnRegsCount();
+            }
+
+            if (passOnReg)
+            {
+                Operand dest = node.Destination;
+
+                if (preservedArgs[index] == default)
+                {
+                    if (dest.Type == OperandType.V128)
+                    {
+                        // V128 is a struct, we pass each half on a GPR if possible.
+                        Operand pArg = Local(OperandType.V128);
+
+                        Operand argLReg = Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntArgumentRegister(intCount),     OperandType.I64);
+                        Operand argHReg = Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntArgumentRegister(intCount + 1), OperandType.I64);
+
+                        Operation copyL = Operation(Instruction.VectorCreateScalar, pArg, argLReg);
+                        Operation copyH = Operation(Instruction.VectorInsert,       pArg, pArg, argHReg, Const(1));
+
+                        cctx.Cfg.Entry.Operations.AddFirst(copyH);
+                        cctx.Cfg.Entry.Operations.AddFirst(copyL);
+
+                        preservedArgs[index] = pArg;
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        Operand pArg = Local(dest.Type);
+
+                        Operand argReg = dest.Type.IsInteger()
+                            ? Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntArgumentRegister(intCount), dest.Type)
+                            : Xmm(CallingConvention.GetVecArgumentRegister(vecCount), dest.Type);
+
+                        Operation copyOp = Operation(Instruction.Copy, pArg, argReg);
+
+                        cctx.Cfg.Entry.Operations.AddFirst(copyOp);
+
+                        preservedArgs[index] = pArg;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                Operation nextNode;
+
+                if (dest.AssignmentsCount == 1)
+                {
+                    // Let's propagate the argument if we can to avoid copies.
+                    PreAllocatorCommon.Propagate(ref buffer, dest, preservedArgs[index]);
+                    nextNode = node.ListNext;
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    Operation argCopyOp = Operation(Instruction.Copy, dest, preservedArgs[index]);
+                    nextNode = nodes.AddBefore(node, argCopyOp);
+                }
+
+                Delete(nodes, node);
+                return nextNode;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                // TODO: Pass on stack.
+                return node;
+            }
+        }
+
+        public static void InsertReturnCopy(IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes, Operation node)
+        {
+            if (node.SourcesCount == 0)
+            {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            Operand source = node.GetSource(0);
+
+            if (source.Type == OperandType.V128)
+            {
+                Operand retLReg = Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntReturnRegister(),     OperandType.I64);
+                Operand retHReg = Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntReturnRegisterHigh(), OperandType.I64);
+
+                nodes.AddBefore(node, Operation(Instruction.VectorExtract, retLReg, source, Const(0)));
+                nodes.AddBefore(node, Operation(Instruction.VectorExtract, retHReg, source, Const(1)));
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                Operand retReg = source.Type.IsInteger()
+                    ? Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntReturnRegister(), source.Type)
+                    : Xmm(CallingConvention.GetVecReturnRegister(), source.Type);
+
+                Operation retCopyOp = Operation(Instruction.Copy, retReg, source);
+
+                nodes.AddBefore(node, retCopyOp);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

ARMeilleure/CodeGen/X86/PreAllocatorWindows.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,327 @@
+using ARMeilleure.CodeGen.RegisterAllocators;
+using ARMeilleure.IntermediateRepresentation;
+using ARMeilleure.Translation;
+using System;
+using System.Diagnostics;
+using static ARMeilleure.IntermediateRepresentation.Operand.Factory;
+using static ARMeilleure.IntermediateRepresentation.Operation.Factory;
+
+namespace ARMeilleure.CodeGen.X86
+{
+    class PreAllocatorWindows : PreAllocator
+    {
+        public static void InsertCallCopies(IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes, StackAllocator stackAlloc, Operation node)
+        {
+            Operand dest = node.Destination;
+
+            // Handle struct arguments.
+            int retArgs = 0;
+            int stackAllocOffset = 0;
+
+            int AllocateOnStack(int size)
+            {
+                // We assume that the stack allocator is initially empty (TotalSize = 0).
+                // Taking that into account, we can reuse the space allocated for other
+                // calls by keeping track of our own allocated size (stackAllocOffset).
+                // If the space allocated is not big enough, then we just expand it.
+                int offset = stackAllocOffset;
+
+                if (stackAllocOffset + size > stackAlloc.TotalSize)
+                {
+                    stackAlloc.Allocate((stackAllocOffset + size) - stackAlloc.TotalSize);
+                }
+
+                stackAllocOffset += size;
+
+                return offset;
+            }
+
+            Operand arg0Reg = default;
+
+            if (dest != default && dest.Type == OperandType.V128)
+            {
+                int stackOffset = AllocateOnStack(dest.Type.GetSizeInBytes());
+
+                arg0Reg = Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntArgumentRegister(0), OperandType.I64);
+
+                Operation allocOp = Operation(Instruction.StackAlloc, arg0Reg, Const(stackOffset));
+
+                nodes.AddBefore(node, allocOp);
+
+                retArgs = 1;
+            }
+
+            int argsCount = node.SourcesCount - 1;
+            int maxArgs = CallingConvention.GetArgumentsOnRegsCount() - retArgs;
+
+            if (argsCount > maxArgs)
+            {
+                argsCount = maxArgs;
+            }
+
+            Operand[] sources = new Operand[1 + retArgs + argsCount];
+
+            sources[0] = node.GetSource(0);
+
+            if (arg0Reg != default)
+            {
+                sources[1] = arg0Reg;
+            }
+
+            for (int index = 1; index < node.SourcesCount; index++)
+            {
+                Operand source = node.GetSource(index);
+
+                if (source.Type == OperandType.V128)
+                {
+                    Operand stackAddr = Local(OperandType.I64);
+
+                    int stackOffset = AllocateOnStack(source.Type.GetSizeInBytes());
+
+                    nodes.AddBefore(node, Operation(Instruction.StackAlloc, stackAddr, Const(stackOffset)));
+
+                    Operation storeOp = Operation(Instruction.Store, default, stackAddr, source);
+
+                    InsertConstantRegCopies(nodes, nodes.AddBefore(node, storeOp));
+
+                    node.SetSource(index, stackAddr);
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Handle arguments passed on registers.
+            for (int index = 0; index < argsCount; index++)
+            {
+                Operand source = node.GetSource(index + 1);
+                Operand argReg;
+
+                int argIndex = index + retArgs;
+
+                if (source.Type.IsInteger())
+                {
+                    argReg = Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntArgumentRegister(argIndex), source.Type);
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    argReg = Xmm(CallingConvention.GetVecArgumentRegister(argIndex), source.Type);
+                }
+
+                Operation copyOp = Operation(Instruction.Copy, argReg, source);
+
+                InsertConstantRegCopies(nodes, nodes.AddBefore(node, copyOp));
+
+                sources[1 + retArgs + index] = argReg;
+            }
+
+            // The remaining arguments (those that are not passed on registers)
+            // should be passed on the stack, we write them to the stack with "SpillArg".
+            for (int index = argsCount; index < node.SourcesCount - 1; index++)
+            {
+                Operand source = node.GetSource(index + 1);
+                Operand offset = Const((index + retArgs) * 8);
+
+                Operation spillOp = Operation(Instruction.SpillArg, default, offset, source);
+
+                InsertConstantRegCopies(nodes, nodes.AddBefore(node, spillOp));
+            }
+
+            if (dest != default)
+            {
+                if (dest.Type == OperandType.V128)
+                {
+                    Operand retValueAddr = Local(OperandType.I64);
+
+                    nodes.AddBefore(node, Operation(Instruction.Copy, retValueAddr, arg0Reg));
+
+                    Operation loadOp = Operation(Instruction.Load, dest, retValueAddr);
+
+                    nodes.AddAfter(node, loadOp);
+
+                    node.Destination = default;
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    Operand retReg = dest.Type.IsInteger()
+                        ? Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntReturnRegister(), dest.Type)
+                        : Xmm(CallingConvention.GetVecReturnRegister(), dest.Type);
+
+                    Operation copyOp = Operation(Instruction.Copy, dest, retReg);
+
+                    nodes.AddAfter(node, copyOp);
+
+                    node.Destination = retReg;
+                }
+            }
+
+            node.SetSources(sources);
+        }
+
+        public static void InsertTailcallCopies(IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes, StackAllocator stackAlloc, Operation node)
+        {
+            int argsCount = node.SourcesCount - 1;
+            int maxArgs = CallingConvention.GetArgumentsOnRegsCount();
+
+            if (argsCount > maxArgs)
+            {
+                throw new NotImplementedException("Spilling is not currently supported for tail calls. (too many arguments)");
+            }
+
+            Operand[] sources = new Operand[1 + argsCount];
+
+            // Handle arguments passed on registers.
+            for (int index = 0; index < argsCount; index++)
+            {
+                Operand source = node.GetSource(1 + index);
+                Operand argReg = source.Type.IsInteger()
+                    ? Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntArgumentRegister(index), source.Type)
+                    : Xmm(CallingConvention.GetVecArgumentRegister(index), source.Type);
+
+                Operation copyOp = Operation(Instruction.Copy, argReg, source);
+
+                InsertConstantRegCopies(nodes, nodes.AddBefore(node, copyOp));
+
+                sources[1 + index] = argReg;
+            }
+
+            // The target address must be on the return registers, since we
+            // don't return anything and it is guaranteed to not be a
+            // callee saved register (which would be trashed on the epilogue).
+            Operand retReg = Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntReturnRegister(), OperandType.I64);
+
+            Operation addrCopyOp = Operation(Instruction.Copy, retReg, node.GetSource(0));
+
+            nodes.AddBefore(node, addrCopyOp);
+
+            sources[0] = retReg;
+
+            node.SetSources(sources);
+        }
+
+        public static Operation InsertLoadArgumentCopy(
+            CompilerContext cctx,
+            ref Span<Operation> buffer,
+            IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes,
+            Operand[] preservedArgs,
+            Operation node)
+        {
+            Operand source = node.GetSource(0);
+
+            Debug.Assert(source.Kind == OperandKind.Constant, "Non-constant LoadArgument source kind.");
+
+            int retArgs = cctx.FuncReturnType == OperandType.V128 ? 1 : 0;
+
+            int index = source.AsInt32() + retArgs;
+
+            if (index < CallingConvention.GetArgumentsOnRegsCount())
+            {
+                Operand dest = node.Destination;
+
+                if (preservedArgs[index] == default)
+                {
+                    Operand argReg, pArg;
+
+                    if (dest.Type.IsInteger())
+                    {
+                        argReg = Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntArgumentRegister(index), dest.Type);
+                        pArg = Local(dest.Type);
+                    }
+                    else if (dest.Type == OperandType.V128)
+                    {
+                        argReg = Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntArgumentRegister(index), OperandType.I64);
+                        pArg = Local(OperandType.I64);
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        argReg = Xmm(CallingConvention.GetVecArgumentRegister(index), dest.Type);
+                        pArg = Local(dest.Type);
+                    }
+
+                    Operation copyOp = Operation(Instruction.Copy, pArg, argReg);
+
+                    cctx.Cfg.Entry.Operations.AddFirst(copyOp);
+
+                    preservedArgs[index] = pArg;
+                }
+
+                Operation nextNode;
+
+                if (dest.Type != OperandType.V128 && dest.AssignmentsCount == 1)
+                {
+                    // Let's propagate the argument if we can to avoid copies.
+                    PreAllocatorCommon.Propagate(ref buffer, dest, preservedArgs[index]);
+                    nextNode = node.ListNext;
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    Operation argCopyOp = Operation(dest.Type == OperandType.V128
+                        ? Instruction.Load
+                        : Instruction.Copy, dest, preservedArgs[index]);
+
+                    nextNode = nodes.AddBefore(node, argCopyOp);
+                }
+
+                Delete(nodes, node);
+                return nextNode;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                // TODO: Pass on stack.
+                return node;
+            }
+        }
+
+        public static void InsertReturnCopy(
+            CompilerContext cctx,
+            IntrusiveList<Operation> nodes,
+            Operand[] preservedArgs,
+            Operation node)
+        {
+            if (node.SourcesCount == 0)
+            {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            Operand source = node.GetSource(0);
+            Operand retReg;
+
+            if (source.Type.IsInteger())
+            {
+                retReg = Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntReturnRegister(), source.Type);
+            }
+            else if (source.Type == OperandType.V128)
+            {
+                if (preservedArgs[0] == default)
+                {
+                    Operand preservedArg = Local(OperandType.I64);
+                    Operand arg0 = Gpr(CallingConvention.GetIntArgumentRegister(0), OperandType.I64);
+
+                    Operation copyOp = Operation(Instruction.Copy, preservedArg, arg0);
+
+                    cctx.Cfg.Entry.Operations.AddFirst(copyOp);
+
+                    preservedArgs[0] = preservedArg;
+                }
+
+                retReg = preservedArgs[0];
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                retReg = Xmm(CallingConvention.GetVecReturnRegister(), source.Type);
+            }
+
+            if (source.Type == OperandType.V128)
+            {
+                Operation retStoreOp = Operation(Instruction.Store, default, retReg, source);
+
+                nodes.AddBefore(node, retStoreOp);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                Operation retCopyOp = Operation(Instruction.Copy, retReg, source);
+
+                nodes.AddBefore(node, retCopyOp);
+            }
+
+            node.SetSources(Array.Empty<Operand>());
+        }
+    }
+}

ARMeilleure/Decoders/DecoderHelper.cs

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.Decoders
         {
             uint[] tbl = new uint[256];
 
-            for (int idx = 0; idx < 256; idx++)
+            for (int idx = 0; idx < tbl.Length; idx++)
             {
                 tbl[idx] = ExpandImm8ToFP32((uint)idx);
             }
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.Decoders
         {
             ulong[] tbl = new ulong[256];
 
-            for (int idx = 0; idx < 256; idx++)
+            for (int idx = 0; idx < tbl.Length; idx++)
             {
                 tbl[idx] = ExpandImm8ToFP64((ulong)idx);
             }

ARMeilleure/Decoders/OpCodeTable.cs

@@ -1301,7 +1301,7 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.Decoders
         {
             List<InstInfo>[] temp = new List<InstInfo>[FastLookupSize];
 
-            for (int index = 0; index < FastLookupSize; index++)
+            for (int index = 0; index < temp.Length; index++)
             {
                 temp[index] = new List<InstInfo>();
             }
@@ -1311,7 +1311,7 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.Decoders
                 int mask  = ToFastLookupIndex(inst.Mask);
                 int value = ToFastLookupIndex(inst.Value);
 
-                for (int index = 0; index < FastLookupSize; index++)
+                for (int index = 0; index < temp.Length; index++)
                 {
                     if ((index & mask) == value)
                     {
@@ -1320,7 +1320,7 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.Decoders
                 }
             }
 
-            for (int index = 0; index < FastLookupSize; index++)
+            for (int index = 0; index < temp.Length; index++)
             {
                 table[index] = temp[index].ToArray();
             }

ARMeilleure/Instructions/InstEmitHash32.cs

@@ -1,9 +1,8 @@
 using ARMeilleure.Decoders;
 using ARMeilleure.IntermediateRepresentation;
 using ARMeilleure.Translation;
-
-using static ARMeilleure.Instructions.InstEmitHelper;
 using static ARMeilleure.Instructions.InstEmitHashHelper;
+using static ARMeilleure.Instructions.InstEmitHelper;
 
 namespace ARMeilleure.Instructions
 {

ARMeilleure/Instructions/InstEmitHashHelper.cs

@@ -4,9 +4,8 @@ using ARMeilleure.IntermediateRepresentation;
 using ARMeilleure.Translation;
 using System;
 using System.Diagnostics;
-
-using static ARMeilleure.IntermediateRepresentation.Operand.Factory;
 using static ARMeilleure.Instructions.InstEmitSimdHelper;
+using static ARMeilleure.IntermediateRepresentation.Operand.Factory;
 
 namespace ARMeilleure.Instructions
 {

ARMeilleure/Instructions/NativeInterface.cs

@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.Instructions
         {
             TranslatedFunction function = Context.Translator.GetOrTranslate(address, GetContext().ExecutionMode);
 
-            return (ulong)function.FuncPtr.ToInt64();
+            return (ulong)function.FuncPointer.ToInt64();
         }
 
         public static void InvalidateCacheLine(ulong address)

ARMeilleure/Memory/IMemoryManager.cs

@@ -71,6 +71,7 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.Memory
         /// <param name="size">Size of the region</param>
         /// <param name="write">True if the region was written, false if read</param>
         /// <param name="precise">True if the access is precise, false otherwise</param>
-        void SignalMemoryTracking(ulong va, ulong size, bool write, bool precise = false);
+        /// <param name="exemptId">Optional ID of the handles that should not be signalled</param>
+        void SignalMemoryTracking(ulong va, ulong size, bool write, bool precise = false, int? exemptId = null);
     }
 }

ARMeilleure/Signal/NativeSignalHandler.cs

@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.Signal
 
                 // Tracking action should be non-null to call it, otherwise assume false return.
                 context.BranchIfFalse(skipActionLabel, trackingActionPtr);
-                Operand result = context.Call(trackingActionPtr, OperandType.I32, offset, Const(_pageSize), isWrite, Const(0));
+                Operand result = context.Call(trackingActionPtr, OperandType.I32, offset, Const(_pageSize), isWrite);
                 context.Copy(inRegionLocal, result);
 
                 context.MarkLabel(skipActionLabel);

ARMeilleure/Translation/PTC/Ptc.cs

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.Translation.PTC
         private const string OuterHeaderMagicString = "PTCohd\0\0";
         private const string InnerHeaderMagicString = "PTCihd\0\0";
 
-        private const uint InternalVersion = 4272; //! To be incremented manually for each change to the ARMeilleure project.
+        private const uint InternalVersion = 4484; //! To be incremented manually for each change to the ARMeilleure project.
 
         private const string ActualDir = "0";
         private const string BackupDir = "1";
@@ -745,9 +745,9 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.Translation.PTC
             bool highCq)
         {
             var cFunc = new CompiledFunction(code, unwindInfo, RelocInfo.Empty);
-            var gFunc = cFunc.Map<GuestFunction>();
+            var gFunc = cFunc.MapWithPointer<GuestFunction>(out IntPtr gFuncPointer);
 
-            return new TranslatedFunction(gFunc, callCounter, guestSize, highCq);
+            return new TranslatedFunction(gFunc, gFuncPointer, callCounter, guestSize, highCq);
         }
 
         private void UpdateInfo(InfoEntry infoEntry)

ARMeilleure/Translation/TranslatedFunction.cs

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 using ARMeilleure.Common;
 using System;
-using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
 
 namespace ARMeilleure.Translation
 {
@@ -8,18 +7,18 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.Translation
     {
         private readonly GuestFunction _func; // Ensure that this delegate will not be garbage collected.
 
+        public IntPtr FuncPointer { get; }
         public Counter<uint> CallCounter { get; }
         public ulong GuestSize { get; }
         public bool HighCq { get; }
-        public IntPtr FuncPtr { get; }
 
-        public TranslatedFunction(GuestFunction func, Counter<uint> callCounter, ulong guestSize, bool highCq)
+        public TranslatedFunction(GuestFunction func, IntPtr funcPointer, Counter<uint> callCounter, ulong guestSize, bool highCq)
         {
             _func = func;
+            FuncPointer = funcPointer;
             CallCounter = callCounter;
             GuestSize = guestSize;
             HighCq = highCq;
-            FuncPtr = Marshal.GetFunctionPointerForDelegate(func);
         }
 
         public ulong Execute(State.ExecutionContext context)

ARMeilleure/Translation/Translator.cs

@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.Translation
 
                 if (oldFunc != func)
                 {
-                    JitCache.Unmap(func.FuncPtr);
+                    JitCache.Unmap(func.FuncPointer);
                     func = oldFunc;
                 }
 
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.Translation
         {
             if (FunctionTable.IsValid(guestAddress) && (Optimizations.AllowLcqInFunctionTable || func.HighCq))
             {
-                Volatile.Write(ref FunctionTable.GetValue(guestAddress), (ulong)func.FuncPtr);
+                Volatile.Write(ref FunctionTable.GetValue(guestAddress), (ulong)func.FuncPointer);
             }
         }
 
@@ -292,11 +292,11 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.Translation
                 _ptc.WriteCompiledFunction(address, funcSize, hash, highCq, compiledFunc);
             }
 
-            GuestFunction func = compiledFunc.Map<GuestFunction>();
+            GuestFunction func = compiledFunc.MapWithPointer<GuestFunction>(out IntPtr funcPointer);
 
             Allocators.ResetAll();
 
-            return new TranslatedFunction(func, counter, funcSize, highCq);
+            return new TranslatedFunction(func, funcPointer, counter, funcSize, highCq);
         }
 
         private void BackgroundTranslate()
@@ -537,7 +537,7 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.Translation
 
             foreach (var func in functions)
             {
-                JitCache.Unmap(func.FuncPtr);
+                JitCache.Unmap(func.FuncPointer);
 
                 func.CallCounter?.Dispose();
             }
@@ -546,7 +546,7 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.Translation
 
             while (_oldFuncs.TryDequeue(out var kv))
             {
-                JitCache.Unmap(kv.Value.FuncPtr);
+                JitCache.Unmap(kv.Value.FuncPointer);
 
                 kv.Value.CallCounter?.Dispose();
             }

Directory.Packages.props

@@ -12,31 +12,30 @@
     <PackageVersion Include="Avalonia.Svg.Skia" Version="0.10.18" />
     <PackageVersion Include="CommandLineParser" Version="2.9.1" />
     <PackageVersion Include="Concentus" Version="1.1.7" />
-    <PackageVersion Include="Crc32.NET" Version="1.2.0" />
     <PackageVersion Include="DiscordRichPresence" Version="1.1.3.18" />
     <PackageVersion Include="DynamicData" Version="7.12.11" />
     <PackageVersion Include="FluentAvaloniaUI" Version="1.4.5" />
     <PackageVersion Include="GtkSharp.Dependencies" Version="1.1.1" />
     <PackageVersion Include="GtkSharp.Dependencies.osx" Version="0.0.5" />
     <PackageVersion Include="jp2masa.Avalonia.Flexbox" Version="0.2.0" />
-    <PackageVersion Include="LibHac" Version="0.17.0" />
-    <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.Analyzers" Version="3.3.3" />
-    <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp" Version="4.4.0" />
-    <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.NET.Test.Sdk" Version="17.4.1" />
+    <PackageVersion Include="LibHac" Version="0.18.0" />
+    <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.Analyzers" Version="3.3.4" />
+    <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp" Version="4.5.0" />
+    <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.NET.Test.Sdk" Version="17.5.0" />
     <PackageVersion Include="MsgPack.Cli" Version="1.0.1" />
     <PackageVersion Include="NUnit" Version="3.13.3" />
     <PackageVersion Include="NUnit3TestAdapter" Version="4.1.0" />
-    <PackageVersion Include="OpenTK.Core" Version="4.7.5" />
-    <PackageVersion Include="OpenTK.Graphics" Version="4.7.5" />
-    <PackageVersion Include="OpenTK.OpenAL" Version="4.7.5" />
-    <PackageVersion Include="OpenTK.Windowing.GraphicsLibraryFramework" Version="4.7.5" />
+    <PackageVersion Include="OpenTK.Core" Version="4.7.7" />
+    <PackageVersion Include="OpenTK.Graphics" Version="4.7.7" />
+    <PackageVersion Include="OpenTK.OpenAL" Version="4.7.7" />
+    <PackageVersion Include="OpenTK.Windowing.GraphicsLibraryFramework" Version="4.7.7" />
     <PackageVersion Include="Ryujinx.Audio.OpenAL.Dependencies" Version="1.21.0.1" />
     <PackageVersion Include="Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec.Dependencies" Version="5.0.1-build13" />
     <PackageVersion Include="Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan.Dependencies.MoltenVK" Version="1.2.0" />
     <PackageVersion Include="Ryujinx.GtkSharp" Version="3.24.24.59-ryujinx" />
     <PackageVersion Include="Ryujinx.SDL2-CS" Version="2.26.1-build23" />
     <PackageVersion Include="shaderc.net" Version="0.1.0" />
-    <PackageVersion Include="SharpZipLib" Version="1.4.1" />
+    <PackageVersion Include="SharpZipLib" Version="1.4.2" />
     <PackageVersion Include="Silk.NET.Vulkan" Version="2.16.0" />
     <PackageVersion Include="Silk.NET.Vulkan.Extensions.EXT" Version="2.16.0" />
     <PackageVersion Include="Silk.NET.Vulkan.Extensions.KHR" Version="2.16.0" />
@@ -44,11 +43,10 @@
     <PackageVersion Include="SixLabors.ImageSharp.Drawing" Version="1.0.0-beta11" />
     <PackageVersion Include="SPB" Version="0.0.4-build28" />
     <PackageVersion Include="System.Drawing.Common" Version="7.0.0" />
-    <PackageVersion Include="System.IdentityModel.Tokens.Jwt" Version="6.25.1" />
-    <PackageVersion Include="System.IO.FileSystem.Primitives" Version="4.3.0" />
+    <PackageVersion Include="System.IdentityModel.Tokens.Jwt" Version="6.27.0" />
+    <PackageVersion Include="System.IO.Hashing" Version="7.0.0" />
     <PackageVersion Include="System.Management" Version="7.0.0" />
-    <PackageVersion Include="System.Net.NameResolution" Version="4.3.0" />
-    <PackageVersion Include="System.Threading.ThreadPool" Version="4.3.0" />
+    <PackageVersion Include="UnicornEngine.Unicorn" Version="2.0.2-rc1-f7c841d" />
     <PackageVersion Include="XamlNameReferenceGenerator" Version="1.5.1" />
   </ItemGroup>
-</Project>
+</Project>

README.md

@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ Ryujinx system files are stored in the `Ryujinx` folder. This folder is located
 
 - **GPU**
 
-  The GPU emulator emulates the Switch's Maxwell GPU using either the OpenGL (version 4.5 minimum), Vulkan, or Metal (via MoltenVK) APIs through a custom build of OpenTK or Silk.NET respectively. There are currently four graphics enhancements available to the end user in Ryujinx: Disk Shader Caching, Resolution Scaling, Aspect Ratio Adjustment, and Anisotropic Filtering. These enhancements can be adjusted or toggled as desired in the GUI.
+  The GPU emulator emulates the Switch's Maxwell GPU using either the OpenGL (version 4.5 minimum), Vulkan, or Metal (via MoltenVK) APIs through a custom build of OpenTK or Silk.NET respectively. There are currently six graphics enhancements available to the end user in Ryujinx: Disk Shader Caching, Resolution Scaling, Anti-Aliasing, Scaling Filters (including FSR), Anisotropic Filtering and Aspect Ratio Adjustment. These enhancements can be adjusted or toggled as desired in the GUI.
 
 - **Input**
 

Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.SoundIo/SoundIoHardwareDeviceDriver.cs

@@ -5,9 +5,8 @@ using Ryujinx.Memory;
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Concurrent;
 using System.Threading;
-
-using static Ryujinx.Audio.Integration.IHardwareDeviceDriver;
 using static Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.SoundIo.Native.SoundIo;
+using static Ryujinx.Audio.Integration.IHardwareDeviceDriver;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.SoundIo
 {

Ryujinx.Audio/Common/AudioDeviceSession.cs

@@ -400,7 +400,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Common
         {
             uint bufferIndex = (_releasedBufferIndex - _bufferReleasedCount) % Constants.AudioDeviceBufferCountMax;
 
-            for (int i = 0; i < GetTotalBufferCount(); i++)
+            uint totalBufferCount = GetTotalBufferCount();
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < totalBufferCount; i++)
             {
                 if (_buffers[bufferIndex].BufferTag == bufferTag)
                 {

Ryujinx.Audio/Renderer/Dsp/Command/CompressorCommand.cs

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-using System;
-using System.Diagnostics;
-using Ryujinx.Audio.Renderer.Dsp.Effect;
+using Ryujinx.Audio.Renderer.Dsp.Effect;
 using Ryujinx.Audio.Renderer.Dsp.State;
 using Ryujinx.Audio.Renderer.Parameter.Effect;
+using System;
+using System.Diagnostics;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Renderer.Dsp.Command
 {

Ryujinx.Audio/Renderer/Dsp/ResamplerHelper.cs

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 using System;
 using System.Linq;
+using System.Numerics;
 using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
 using System.Runtime.Intrinsics;
 using System.Runtime.Intrinsics.X86;
@@ -380,7 +381,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Renderer.Dsp
             return _normalCurveLut2F;
         }
 
-        [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
         private unsafe static void ResampleDefaultQuality(Span<float> outputBuffer, ReadOnlySpan<short> inputBuffer, float ratio, ref float fraction, int sampleCount, bool needPitch)
         {
             ReadOnlySpan<float> parameters = GetDefaultParameter(ratio);
@@ -394,35 +394,33 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Renderer.Dsp
                 if (ratio == 1f)
                 {
                     fixed (short* pInput = inputBuffer)
+                    fixed (float* pOutput = outputBuffer, pParameters = parameters)
                     {
-                        fixed (float* pOutput = outputBuffer, pParameters = parameters)
+                        Vector128<float> parameter = Sse.LoadVector128(pParameters);
+
+                        for (; i < (sampleCount & ~3); i += 4)
                         {
-                            Vector128<float> parameter = Sse.LoadVector128(pParameters);
+                            Vector128<int> intInput0 = Sse41.ConvertToVector128Int32(pInput + (uint)i);
+                            Vector128<int> intInput1 = Sse41.ConvertToVector128Int32(pInput + (uint)i + 1);
+                            Vector128<int> intInput2 = Sse41.ConvertToVector128Int32(pInput + (uint)i + 2);
+                            Vector128<int> intInput3 = Sse41.ConvertToVector128Int32(pInput + (uint)i + 3);
 
-                            for (; i < (sampleCount & ~3); i += 4)
-                            {
-                                Vector128<int> intInput0 = Sse41.ConvertToVector128Int32(pInput + (uint)i);
-                                Vector128<int> intInput1 = Sse41.ConvertToVector128Int32(pInput + (uint)i + 1);
-                                Vector128<int> intInput2 = Sse41.ConvertToVector128Int32(pInput + (uint)i + 2);
-                                Vector128<int> intInput3 = Sse41.ConvertToVector128Int32(pInput + (uint)i + 3);
+                            Vector128<float> input0 = Sse2.ConvertToVector128Single(intInput0);
+                            Vector128<float> input1 = Sse2.ConvertToVector128Single(intInput1);
+                            Vector128<float> input2 = Sse2.ConvertToVector128Single(intInput2);
+                            Vector128<float> input3 = Sse2.ConvertToVector128Single(intInput3);
 
-                                Vector128<float> input0 = Sse2.ConvertToVector128Single(intInput0);
-                                Vector128<float> input1 = Sse2.ConvertToVector128Single(intInput1);
-                                Vector128<float> input2 = Sse2.ConvertToVector128Single(intInput2);
-                                Vector128<float> input3 = Sse2.ConvertToVector128Single(intInput3);
+                            Vector128<float> mix0 = Sse.Multiply(input0, parameter);
+                            Vector128<float> mix1 = Sse.Multiply(input1, parameter);
+                            Vector128<float> mix2 = Sse.Multiply(input2, parameter);
+                            Vector128<float> mix3 = Sse.Multiply(input3, parameter);
 
-                                Vector128<float> mix0 = Sse.Multiply(input0, parameter);
-                                Vector128<float> mix1 = Sse.Multiply(input1, parameter);
-                                Vector128<float> mix2 = Sse.Multiply(input2, parameter);
-                                Vector128<float> mix3 = Sse.Multiply(input3, parameter);
+                            Vector128<float> mix01 = Sse3.HorizontalAdd(mix0, mix1);
+                            Vector128<float> mix23 = Sse3.HorizontalAdd(mix2, mix3);
 
-                                Vector128<float> mix01 = Sse3.HorizontalAdd(mix0, mix1);
-                                Vector128<float> mix23 = Sse3.HorizontalAdd(mix2, mix3);
+                            Vector128<float> mix0123 = Sse3.HorizontalAdd(mix01, mix23);
 
-                                Vector128<float> mix0123 = Sse3.HorizontalAdd(mix01, mix23);
-
-                                Sse.Store(pOutput + (uint)i, Sse41.RoundToNearestInteger(mix0123));
-                            }
+                            Sse.Store(pOutput + (uint)i, Sse41.RoundToNearestInteger(mix0123));
                         }
                     }
 
@@ -431,62 +429,60 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Renderer.Dsp
                 else
                 {
                     fixed (short* pInput = inputBuffer)
+                    fixed (float* pOutput = outputBuffer, pParameters = parameters)
                     {
-                        fixed (float* pOutput = outputBuffer, pParameters = parameters)
+                        for (; i < (sampleCount & ~3); i += 4)
                         {
-                            for (; i < (sampleCount & ~3); i += 4)
-                            {
-                                uint baseIndex0 = (uint)(fraction * 128) * 4;
-                                uint inputIndex0 = (uint)inputBufferIndex;
+                            uint baseIndex0 = (uint)(fraction * 128) * 4;
+                            uint inputIndex0 = (uint)inputBufferIndex;
 
-                                fraction += ratio;
+                            fraction += ratio;
 
-                                uint baseIndex1 = ((uint)(fraction * 128) & 127) * 4;
-                                uint inputIndex1 = (uint)inputBufferIndex + (uint)fraction;
+                            uint baseIndex1 = ((uint)(fraction * 128) & 127) * 4;
+                            uint inputIndex1 = (uint)inputBufferIndex + (uint)fraction;
 
-                                fraction += ratio;
+                            fraction += ratio;
 
-                                uint baseIndex2 = ((uint)(fraction * 128) & 127) * 4;
-                                uint inputIndex2 = (uint)inputBufferIndex + (uint)fraction;
+                            uint baseIndex2 = ((uint)(fraction * 128) & 127) * 4;
+                            uint inputIndex2 = (uint)inputBufferIndex + (uint)fraction;
 
-                                fraction += ratio;
+                            fraction += ratio;
 
-                                uint baseIndex3 = ((uint)(fraction * 128) & 127) * 4;
-                                uint inputIndex3 = (uint)inputBufferIndex + (uint)fraction;
+                            uint baseIndex3 = ((uint)(fraction * 128) & 127) * 4;
+                            uint inputIndex3 = (uint)inputBufferIndex + (uint)fraction;
 
-                                fraction += ratio;
-                                inputBufferIndex += (int)fraction;
+                            fraction += ratio;
+                            inputBufferIndex += (int)fraction;
 
-                                // Only keep lower part (safe as fraction isn't supposed to be negative)
-                                fraction -= (int)fraction;
+                            // Only keep lower part (safe as fraction isn't supposed to be negative)
+                            fraction -= (int)fraction;
 
-                                Vector128<float> parameter0 = Sse.LoadVector128(pParameters + baseIndex0);
-                                Vector128<float> parameter1 = Sse.LoadVector128(pParameters + baseIndex1);
-                                Vector128<float> parameter2 = Sse.LoadVector128(pParameters + baseIndex2);
-                                Vector128<float> parameter3 = Sse.LoadVector128(pParameters + baseIndex3);
+                            Vector128<float> parameter0 = Sse.LoadVector128(pParameters + baseIndex0);
+                            Vector128<float> parameter1 = Sse.LoadVector128(pParameters + baseIndex1);
+                            Vector128<float> parameter2 = Sse.LoadVector128(pParameters + baseIndex2);
+                            Vector128<float> parameter3 = Sse.LoadVector128(pParameters + baseIndex3);
 
-                                Vector128<int> intInput0 = Sse41.ConvertToVector128Int32(pInput + inputIndex0);
-                                Vector128<int> intInput1 = Sse41.ConvertToVector128Int32(pInput + inputIndex1);
-                                Vector128<int> intInput2 = Sse41.ConvertToVector128Int32(pInput + inputIndex2);
-                                Vector128<int> intInput3 = Sse41.ConvertToVector128Int32(pInput + inputIndex3);
+                            Vector128<int> intInput0 = Sse41.ConvertToVector128Int32(pInput + inputIndex0);
+                            Vector128<int> intInput1 = Sse41.ConvertToVector128Int32(pInput + inputIndex1);
+                            Vector128<int> intInput2 = Sse41.ConvertToVector128Int32(pInput + inputIndex2);
+                            Vector128<int> intInput3 = Sse41.ConvertToVector128Int32(pInput + inputIndex3);
 
-                                Vector128<float> input0 = Sse2.ConvertToVector128Single(intInput0);
-                                Vector128<float> input1 = Sse2.ConvertToVector128Single(intInput1);
-                                Vector128<float> input2 = Sse2.ConvertToVector128Single(intInput2);
-                                Vector128<float> input3 = Sse2.ConvertToVector128Single(intInput3);
+                            Vector128<float> input0 = Sse2.ConvertToVector128Single(intInput0);
+                            Vector128<float> input1 = Sse2.ConvertToVector128Single(intInput1);
+                            Vector128<float> input2 = Sse2.ConvertToVector128Single(intInput2);
+                            Vector128<float> input3 = Sse2.ConvertToVector128Single(intInput3);
 
-                                Vector128<float> mix0 = Sse.Multiply(input0, parameter0);
-                                Vector128<float> mix1 = Sse.Multiply(input1, parameter1);
-                                Vector128<float> mix2 = Sse.Multiply(input2, parameter2);
-                                Vector128<float> mix3 = Sse.Multiply(input3, parameter3);
+                            Vector128<float> mix0 = Sse.Multiply(input0, parameter0);
+                            Vector128<float> mix1 = Sse.Multiply(input1, parameter1);
+                            Vector128<float> mix2 = Sse.Multiply(input2, parameter2);
+                            Vector128<float> mix3 = Sse.Multiply(input3, parameter3);
 
-                                Vector128<float> mix01 = Sse3.HorizontalAdd(mix0, mix1);
-                                Vector128<float> mix23 = Sse3.HorizontalAdd(mix2, mix3);
+                            Vector128<float> mix01 = Sse3.HorizontalAdd(mix0, mix1);
+                            Vector128<float> mix23 = Sse3.HorizontalAdd(mix2, mix3);
 
-                                Vector128<float> mix0123 = Sse3.HorizontalAdd(mix01, mix23);
+                            Vector128<float> mix0123 = Sse3.HorizontalAdd(mix01, mix23);
 
-                                Sse.Store(pOutput + (uint)i, Sse41.RoundToNearestInteger(mix0123));
-                            }
+                            Sse.Store(pOutput + (uint)i, Sse41.RoundToNearestInteger(mix0123));
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -526,34 +522,59 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Renderer.Dsp
             return _highCurveLut2F;
         }
 
-        [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
-        private static void ResampleHighQuality(Span<float> outputBuffer, ReadOnlySpan<short> inputBuffer, float ratio, ref float fraction, int sampleCount)
+        private static unsafe void ResampleHighQuality(Span<float> outputBuffer, ReadOnlySpan<short> inputBuffer, float ratio, ref float fraction, int sampleCount)
         {
             ReadOnlySpan<float> parameters = GetHighParameter(ratio);
 
             int inputBufferIndex = 0;
 
-            // TODO: fast path
-
-            for (int i = 0; i < sampleCount; i++)
+            if (Avx2.IsSupported)
             {
-                int baseIndex = (int)(fraction * 128) * 8;
-                ReadOnlySpan<float> parameter = parameters.Slice(baseIndex, 8);
-                ReadOnlySpan<short> currentInput = inputBuffer.Slice(inputBufferIndex, 8);
+                // Fast path; assumes 256-bit vectors for simplicity because the filter is 8 taps
+                fixed (short* pInput = inputBuffer)
+                fixed (float* pParameters = parameters)
+                {
+                    for (int i = 0; i < sampleCount; i++)
+                    {
+                        int baseIndex = (int)(fraction * 128) * 8;
 
-                outputBuffer[i] = (float)Math.Round(currentInput[0] * parameter[0] +
-                                                    currentInput[1] * parameter[1] +
-                                                    currentInput[2] * parameter[2] +
-                                                    currentInput[3] * parameter[3] +
-                                                    currentInput[4] * parameter[4] +
-                                                    currentInput[5] * parameter[5] +
-                                                    currentInput[6] * parameter[6] +
-                                                    currentInput[7] * parameter[7]);
+                        Vector256<int> intInput = Avx2.ConvertToVector256Int32(pInput + inputBufferIndex);
+                        Vector256<float> floatInput = Avx.ConvertToVector256Single(intInput);
+                        Vector256<float> parameter = Avx.LoadVector256(pParameters + baseIndex);
+                        Vector256<float> dp = Avx.DotProduct(floatInput, parameter, control: 0xFF);
 
-                fraction += ratio;
-                inputBufferIndex += (int)MathF.Truncate(fraction);
+                        // avx2 does an 8-element dot product piecewise so we have to sum up 2 intermediate results
+                        outputBuffer[i] = (float)Math.Round(dp[0] + dp[4]);
 
-                fraction -= (int)fraction;
+                        fraction += ratio;
+                        inputBufferIndex += (int)MathF.Truncate(fraction);
+
+                        fraction -= (int)fraction;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                for (int i = 0; i < sampleCount; i++)
+                {
+                    int baseIndex = (int)(fraction * 128) * 8;
+                    ReadOnlySpan<float> parameter = parameters.Slice(baseIndex, 8);
+                    ReadOnlySpan<short> currentInput = inputBuffer.Slice(inputBufferIndex, 8);
+
+                    outputBuffer[i] = (float)Math.Round(currentInput[0] * parameter[0] +
+                                                        currentInput[1] * parameter[1] +
+                                                        currentInput[2] * parameter[2] +
+                                                        currentInput[3] * parameter[3] +
+                                                        currentInput[4] * parameter[4] +
+                                                        currentInput[5] * parameter[5] +
+                                                        currentInput[6] * parameter[6] +
+                                                        currentInput[7] * parameter[7]);
+
+                    fraction += ratio;
+                    inputBufferIndex += (int)MathF.Truncate(fraction);
+
+                    fraction -= (int)fraction;
+                }
             }
         }
 

Ryujinx.Audio/Renderer/Dsp/UpsamplerHelper.cs

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ using Ryujinx.Audio.Renderer.Server.Upsampler;
 using Ryujinx.Common.Memory;
 using System;
 using System.Diagnostics;
+using System.Numerics;
 using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Renderer.Dsp
@@ -70,16 +71,32 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Renderer.Dsp
                 return;
             }
 
-            [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
             float DoFilterBank(ref UpsamplerBufferState state, in Array20<float> bank)
             {
                 float result = 0.0f;
 
                 Debug.Assert(state.History.Length == HistoryLength);
                 Debug.Assert(bank.Length == FilterBankLength);
-                for (int j = 0; j < FilterBankLength; j++)
+
+                int curIdx = 0;
+                if (Vector.IsHardwareAccelerated)
                 {
-                    result += bank[j] * state.History[j];
+                    // Do SIMD-accelerated block operations where possible.
+                    // Only about a 2x speedup since filter bank length is short
+                    int stopIdx = FilterBankLength - (FilterBankLength % Vector<float>.Count);
+                    while (curIdx < stopIdx)
+                    {
+                        result += Vector.Dot(
+                            new Vector<float>(bank.AsSpan().Slice(curIdx, Vector<float>.Count)),
+                            new Vector<float>(state.History.AsSpan().Slice(curIdx, Vector<float>.Count)));
+                        curIdx += Vector<float>.Count;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                while (curIdx < FilterBankLength)
+                {
+                    result += bank[curIdx] * state.History[curIdx];
+                    curIdx++;
                 }
 
                 return result;

Ryujinx.Audio/Renderer/Server/Effect/CompressorEffect.cs

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 using Ryujinx.Audio.Renderer.Common;
 using Ryujinx.Audio.Renderer.Dsp.State;
-using Ryujinx.Audio.Renderer.Parameter.Effect;
 using Ryujinx.Audio.Renderer.Parameter;
+using Ryujinx.Audio.Renderer.Parameter.Effect;
 using Ryujinx.Audio.Renderer.Server.MemoryPool;
 using System;
 using System.Diagnostics;

Ryujinx.Ava/AppHost.cs

@@ -53,7 +53,6 @@ using Key = Ryujinx.Input.Key;
 using MouseButton = Ryujinx.Input.MouseButton;
 using Size = Avalonia.Size;
 using Switch = Ryujinx.HLE.Switch;
-using WindowState = Avalonia.Controls.WindowState;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Ava
 {
@@ -172,6 +171,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava
             ConfigurationState.Instance.Graphics.AspectRatio.Event         += UpdateAspectRatioState;
             ConfigurationState.Instance.System.EnableDockedMode.Event      += UpdateDockedModeState;
             ConfigurationState.Instance.System.AudioVolume.Event           += UpdateAudioVolumeState;
+            ConfigurationState.Instance.System.EnableDockedMode.Event      += UpdateDockedModeState;
+            ConfigurationState.Instance.System.AudioVolume.Event           += UpdateAudioVolumeState;
+            ConfigurationState.Instance.Graphics.AntiAliasing.Event        += UpdateAntiAliasing;
+            ConfigurationState.Instance.Graphics.ScalingFilter.Event       += UpdateScalingFilter;
+            ConfigurationState.Instance.Graphics.ScalingFilterLevel.Event  += UpdateScalingFilterLevel;
 
             _gpuCancellationTokenSource = new CancellationTokenSource();
         }
@@ -194,6 +198,17 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava
                 }
             }
         }
+        private void UpdateScalingFilterLevel(object sender, ReactiveEventArgs<int> e)
+        {
+            _renderer.Window?.SetScalingFilter((Graphics.GAL.ScalingFilter)ConfigurationState.Instance.Graphics.ScalingFilter.Value);
+            _renderer.Window?.SetScalingFilterLevel(ConfigurationState.Instance.Graphics.ScalingFilterLevel.Value);
+        }
+
+        private void UpdateScalingFilter(object sender, ReactiveEventArgs<Ryujinx.Common.Configuration.ScalingFilter> e)
+        {
+            _renderer.Window?.SetScalingFilter((Graphics.GAL.ScalingFilter)ConfigurationState.Instance.Graphics.ScalingFilter.Value);
+            _renderer.Window?.SetScalingFilterLevel(ConfigurationState.Instance.Graphics.ScalingFilterLevel.Value);
+        }
 
         private void ShowCursor()
         {
@@ -231,7 +246,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava
             }
         }
 
-        private unsafe void Renderer_ScreenCaptured(object sender, ScreenCaptureImageInfo e)
+        private void Renderer_ScreenCaptured(object sender, ScreenCaptureImageInfo e)
         {
             if (e.Data.Length > 0 && e.Height > 0 && e.Width > 0)
             {
@@ -240,8 +255,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava
                     lock (_lockObject)
                     {
                         DateTime currentTime = DateTime.Now;
-                        string   filename    = $"ryujinx_capture_{currentTime}-{currentTime:D2}-{currentTime:D2}_{currentTime:D2}-{currentTime:D2}-{currentTime:D2}.png";
-                        
+                        string   filename    = $"ryujinx_capture_{currentTime.Year}-{currentTime.Month:D2}-{currentTime.Day:D2}_{currentTime.Hour:D2}-{currentTime.Minute:D2}-{currentTime.Second:D2}.png";
+
                         string directory = AppDataManager.Mode switch
                         {
                             AppDataManager.LaunchMode.Portable => Path.Combine(AppDataManager.BaseDirPath, "screenshots"),
@@ -346,6 +361,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava
             }
         }
 
+        private void UpdateAntiAliasing(object sender, ReactiveEventArgs<Ryujinx.Common.Configuration.AntiAliasing> e)
+        {
+            _renderer?.Window?.SetAntiAliasing((Graphics.GAL.AntiAliasing)e.NewValue);
+        }
+
         private void UpdateDockedModeState(object sender, ReactiveEventArgs<bool> e)
         {
             Device?.System.ChangeDockedModeState(e.NewValue);
@@ -412,6 +432,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava
             ConfigurationState.Instance.Graphics.AspectRatio.Event         -= UpdateAspectRatioState;
             ConfigurationState.Instance.System.EnableDockedMode.Event      -= UpdateDockedModeState;
             ConfigurationState.Instance.System.AudioVolume.Event           -= UpdateAudioVolumeState;
+            ConfigurationState.Instance.Graphics.ScalingFilter.Event       -= UpdateScalingFilter;
+            ConfigurationState.Instance.Graphics.ScalingFilterLevel.Event  -= UpdateScalingFilterLevel;
+            ConfigurationState.Instance.Graphics.AntiAliasing.Event        -= UpdateAntiAliasing;
 
             _topLevel.PointerMoved -= TopLevel_PointerMoved;
 
@@ -678,7 +701,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava
                                                      ConfigurationState.Instance.System.MemoryManagerMode,
                                                      ConfigurationState.Instance.System.IgnoreMissingServices,
                                                      ConfigurationState.Instance.Graphics.AspectRatio,
-                                                     ConfigurationState.Instance.System.AudioVolume);
+                                                     ConfigurationState.Instance.System.AudioVolume,
+                                                     ConfigurationState.Instance.System.UseHypervisor);
 
             Device = new Switch(configuration);
         }
@@ -765,7 +789,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava
             }
         }
 
-        private unsafe void RenderLoop()
+        private void RenderLoop()
         {
             Dispatcher.UIThread.InvokeAsync(() =>
             {
@@ -788,6 +812,10 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava
 
             Device.Gpu.Renderer.Initialize(_glLogLevel);
 
+            _renderer?.Window?.SetAntiAliasing((Graphics.GAL.AntiAliasing)ConfigurationState.Instance.Graphics.AntiAliasing.Value);
+            _renderer?.Window?.SetScalingFilter((Graphics.GAL.ScalingFilter)ConfigurationState.Instance.Graphics.ScalingFilter.Value);
+            _renderer?.Window?.SetScalingFilterLevel(ConfigurationState.Instance.Graphics.ScalingFilterLevel.Value);
+
             Width = (int)_rendererHost.Bounds.Width;
             Height = (int)_rendererHost.Bounds.Height;
 
@@ -801,6 +829,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava
                 Device.Gpu.InitializeShaderCache(_gpuCancellationTokenSource.Token);
                 Translator.IsReadyForTranslation.Set();
 
+                _renderer.Window.ChangeVSyncMode(Device.EnableDeviceVsync);
+
                 while (_isActive)
                 {
                     _ticks += _chrono.ElapsedTicks;
@@ -839,7 +869,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava
         {
             // Run a status update only when a frame is to be drawn. This prevents from updating the ui and wasting a render when no frame is queued.
             string dockedMode = ConfigurationState.Instance.System.EnableDockedMode ? LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.Docked] : LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.Handheld];
-            
+
             if (GraphicsConfig.ResScale != 1)
             {
                 dockedMode += $" ({GraphicsConfig.ResScale}x)";

Ryujinx.Ava/Assets/Locales/en_US.json

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
   "SettingsTabSystemMemoryManagerModeSoftware": "Software",
   "SettingsTabSystemMemoryManagerModeHost": "Host (fast)",
   "SettingsTabSystemMemoryManagerModeHostUnchecked": "Host Unchecked (fastest, unsafe)",
+  "SettingsTabSystemUseHypervisor": "Use Hypervisor",
   "MenuBarFile": "_File",
   "MenuBarFileOpenFromFile": "_Load Application From File",
   "MenuBarFileOpenUnpacked": "Load _Unpacked Game",
@@ -26,6 +27,9 @@
   "MenuBarToolsInstallFirmware": "Install Firmware",
   "MenuBarFileToolsInstallFirmwareFromFile": "Install a firmware from XCI or ZIP",
   "MenuBarFileToolsInstallFirmwareFromDirectory": "Install a firmware from a directory",
+  "MenuBarToolsManageFileTypes": "Manage file types",
+  "MenuBarToolsInstallFileTypes": "Install file types",
+  "MenuBarToolsUninstallFileTypes": "Uninstall file types",
   "MenuBarHelp": "Help",
   "MenuBarHelpCheckForUpdates": "Check for Updates",
   "MenuBarHelpAbout": "About",
@@ -339,6 +343,10 @@
   "DialogFirmwareInstallEmbeddedSuccessMessage": "No installed firmware was found but Ryujinx was able to install firmware {0} from the provided game.\\nThe emulator will now start.",
   "DialogFirmwareNoFirmwareInstalledMessage": "No Firmware Installed",
   "DialogFirmwareInstalledMessage": "Firmware {0} was installed",
+  "DialogInstallFileTypesSuccessMessage": "Successfully installed file types!",
+  "DialogInstallFileTypesErrorMessage": "Failed to install file types.",
+  "DialogUninstallFileTypesSuccessMessage": "Successfully uninstalled file types!",
+  "DialogUninstallFileTypesErrorMessage": "Failed to uninstall file types.",
   "DialogOpenSettingsWindowLabel": "Open Settings Window",
   "DialogControllerAppletTitle": "Controller Applet",
   "DialogMessageDialogErrorExceptionMessage": "Error displaying Message Dialog: {0}",
@@ -450,6 +458,7 @@
   "MemoryManagerSoftwareTooltip": "Use a software page table for address translation. Highest accuracy but slowest performance.",
   "MemoryManagerHostTooltip": "Directly map memory in the host address space. Much faster JIT compilation and execution.",
   "MemoryManagerUnsafeTooltip": "Directly map memory, but do not mask the address within the guest address space before access. Faster, but at the cost of safety. The guest application can access memory from anywhere in Ryujinx, so only run programs you trust with this mode.",
+  "UseHypervisorTooltip": "Use Hypervisor instead of JIT. Greatly improves performance when available, but can be unstable in its current state.",
   "DRamTooltip": "Utilizes an alternative MemoryMode layout to mimic a Switch development model.\n\nThis is only useful for higher-resolution texture packs or 4k resolution mods. Does NOT improve performance.\n\nLeave OFF if unsure.",
   "IgnoreMissingServicesTooltip": "Ignores unimplemented Horizon OS services. This may help in bypassing crashes when booting certain games.\n\nLeave OFF if unsure.",
   "GraphicsBackendThreadingTooltip": "Executes graphics backend commands on a second thread.\n\nSpeeds up shader compilation, reduces stuttering, and improves performance on GPU drivers without multithreading support of their own. Slightly better performance on drivers with multithreading.\n\nSet to AUTO if unsure.",
@@ -500,7 +509,7 @@
   "SettingsTabNetwork": "Network",
   "SettingsTabNetworkConnection": "Network Connection",
   "SettingsTabCpuCache": "CPU Cache",
-  "SettingsTabCpuMemory": "CPU Memory",
+  "SettingsTabCpuMemory": "CPU Mode",
   "DialogUpdaterFlatpakNotSupportedMessage": "Please update Ryujinx via FlatHub.",
   "UpdaterDisabledWarningTitle": "Updater Disabled!",
   "GameListContextMenuOpenSdModsDirectory": "Open Atmosphere Mods Directory",
@@ -574,10 +583,10 @@
   "SelectUpdateDialogTitle": "Select update files",
   "UserProfileWindowTitle": "User Profiles Manager",
   "CheatWindowTitle": "Cheats Manager",
-  "DlcWindowTitle": "Downloadable Content Manager",
+  "DlcWindowTitle": "Manage Downloadable Content for {0} ({1})",
   "UpdateWindowTitle": "Title Update Manager",
   "CheatWindowHeading": "Cheats Available for {0} [{1}]",
-  "DlcWindowHeading": "{0} Downloadable Content(s) available for {1} ({2})",
+  "DlcWindowHeading": "{0} Downloadable Content(s)",
   "UserProfilesEditProfile": "Edit Selected",
   "Cancel": "Cancel",
   "Save": "Save",
@@ -617,6 +626,16 @@
   "Recover": "Recover",
   "UserProfilesRecoverHeading" : "Saves were found for the following accounts",
   "UserProfilesRecoverEmptyList": "No profiles to recover",
+  "GraphicsAATooltip": "Applies anti-aliasing to the game render",
+  "GraphicsAALabel": "Anti-Aliasing:",
+  "GraphicsScalingFilterLabel": "Scaling Filter:",
+  "GraphicsScalingFilterTooltip": "Enables Framebuffer Scaling",
+  "GraphicsScalingFilterLevelLabel": "Level",
+  "GraphicsScalingFilterLevelTooltip": "Set Scaling Filter Level",
+  "SmaaLow": "SMAA Low",
+  "SmaaMedium": "SMAA Medium",
+  "SmaaHigh": "SMAA High",
+  "SmaaUltra": "SMAA Ultra",
   "UserEditorTitle" : "Edit User",
   "UserEditorTitleCreate" : "Create User"
-}
+}

Ryujinx.Ava/Common/ApplicationHelper.cs

@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Common
                         {
                             using var ncaFile = new UniqueRef<IFile>();
 
-                            pfs.OpenFile(ref ncaFile.Ref(), fileEntry.FullPath.ToU8Span(), OpenMode.Read).ThrowIfFailure();
+                            pfs.OpenFile(ref ncaFile.Ref, fileEntry.FullPath.ToU8Span(), OpenMode.Read).ThrowIfFailure();
 
                             Nca nca = new(_virtualFileSystem.KeySet, ncaFile.Get.AsStorage());
                             if (nca.Header.ContentType == NcaContentType.Program)
@@ -249,8 +249,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Common
                         using var uniqueSourceFs = new UniqueRef<IFileSystem>(ncaFileSystem);
                         using var uniqueOutputFs = new UniqueRef<IFileSystem>(new LocalFileSystem(destination));
 
-                        fsClient.Register(source.ToU8Span(), ref uniqueSourceFs.Ref());
-                        fsClient.Register(output.ToU8Span(), ref uniqueOutputFs.Ref());
+                        fsClient.Register(source.ToU8Span(), ref uniqueSourceFs.Ref);
+                        fsClient.Register(output.ToU8Span(), ref uniqueOutputFs.Ref);
 
                         (Result? resultCode, bool canceled) = CopyDirectory(fsClient, $"{source}:/", $"{output}:/", cancellationToken.Token);
 

Ryujinx.Ava/Input/AvaloniaKeyboardDriver.cs

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 using Avalonia.Controls;
 using Avalonia.Input;
+using Avalonia.Interactivity;
 using Ryujinx.Ava.Common.Locale;
 using Ryujinx.Input;
 using System;
@@ -30,6 +31,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Input
             _control.KeyDown   += OnKeyPress;
             _control.KeyUp     += OnKeyRelease;
             _control.TextInput += Control_TextInput;
+            _control.AddHandler(InputElement.TextInputEvent, Control_LastChanceTextInput, RoutingStrategies.Bubble);
         }
 
         private void Control_TextInput(object sender, TextInputEventArgs e)
@@ -37,6 +39,12 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Input
             TextInput?.Invoke(this, e.Text);
         }
 
+        private void Control_LastChanceTextInput(object sender, TextInputEventArgs e)
+        {
+            // Swallow event
+            e.Handled = true;
+        }
+
         public event Action<string> OnGamepadConnected
         {
             add    { }

Ryujinx.Ava/Modules/Updater/Updater.cs

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ using System.Net.Http;
 using System.Net.NetworkInformation;
 using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
+using System.Runtime.Versioning;
 using System.Text;
 using System.Threading;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
@@ -57,7 +58,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Modules
             // Detect current platform
             if (OperatingSystem.IsMacOS())
             {
-                _platformExt = "osx_x64.zip";
+                _platformExt = "macos_universal.app.tar.gz";
             }
             else if (OperatingSystem.IsWindows())
             {
@@ -132,8 +133,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Modules
                     }
                 }
 
-                // If build not done, assume no new update are availaible.
-                if (_buildUrl == null)
+                // If build not done, assume no new update are available.
+                if (_buildUrl is null)
                 {
                     if (showVersionUpToDate)
                     {
@@ -240,13 +241,13 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Modules
         {
             HttpClient result = new();
 
-            // Required by GitHub to interract with APIs.
+            // Required by GitHub to interact with APIs.
             result.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("User-Agent", "Ryujinx-Updater/1.0.0");
 
             return result;
         }
 
-        public static async void UpdateRyujinx(Window parent, string downloadUrl)
+        private static async void UpdateRyujinx(Window parent, string downloadUrl)
         {
             _updateSuccessful = false;
 
@@ -286,24 +287,40 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Modules
 
             if (_updateSuccessful)
             {
-                var shouldRestart = await ContentDialogHelper.CreateChoiceDialog(LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.RyujinxUpdater],
-                    LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.DialogUpdaterCompleteMessage],
-                    LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.DialogUpdaterRestartMessage]);
+                bool shouldRestart = true;
+
+                if (!OperatingSystem.IsMacOS())
+                {
+                    shouldRestart = await ContentDialogHelper.CreateChoiceDialog(LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.RyujinxUpdater],
+                        LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.DialogUpdaterCompleteMessage],
+                        LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.DialogUpdaterRestartMessage]);
+                }
 
                 if (shouldRestart)
                 {
+                    List<string> arguments = CommandLineState.Arguments.ToList();
                     string ryuName = Path.GetFileName(Environment.ProcessPath);
-                    string ryuExe  = Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, ryuName);
+                    string executableDirectory = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory;
+                    string executablePath = Path.Combine(executableDirectory, ryuName);
 
-                    if (!Path.Exists(ryuExe))
+                    if (!Path.Exists(executablePath))
                     {
-                        ryuExe = Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, OperatingSystem.IsWindows() ? "Ryujinx.exe" : "Ryujinx");
+                        executablePath = Path.Combine(executableDirectory, OperatingSystem.IsWindows() ? "Ryujinx.exe" : "Ryujinx");
                     }
 
-                    SetFileExecutable(ryuExe);
+                    // On macOS we perform the update at relaunch.
+                    if (OperatingSystem.IsMacOS())
+                    {
+                        string baseBundlePath = Path.GetFullPath(Path.Combine(executableDirectory, "..", ".."));
+                        string newBundlePath = Path.Combine(UpdateDir, "Ryujinx.app");
+                        string updaterScriptPath = Path.Combine(newBundlePath, "Contents", "Resources", "updater.sh");
+                        string currentPid = Process.GetCurrentProcess().Id.ToString();
 
-                    Process.Start(ryuExe, CommandLineState.Arguments);
+                        executablePath = "/bin/bash";
+                        arguments.InsertRange(0, new List<string> { updaterScriptPath, baseBundlePath, newBundlePath, currentPid });
+                    }
 
+                    Process.Start(executablePath, arguments);
                     Environment.Exit(0);
                 }
             }
@@ -383,6 +400,15 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Modules
 
                         File.WriteAllBytes(updateFile, mergedFileBytes);
 
+                        // On macOS, ensure that we remove the quarantine bit to prevent Gatekeeper from blocking execution.
+                        if (OperatingSystem.IsMacOS())
+                        {
+                            using (Process xattrProcess = Process.Start("xattr", new List<string> { "-d", "com.apple.quarantine", updateFile }))
+                            {
+                                xattrProcess.WaitForExit();
+                            }
+                        }
+
                         try
                         {
                             InstallUpdate(taskDialog, updateFile);
@@ -408,9 +434,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Modules
                     Logger.Warning?.Print(LogClass.Application, ex.Message);
                     Logger.Warning?.Print(LogClass.Application, "Multi-Threaded update failed, falling back to single-threaded updater.");
 
-                    for (int j = 0; j < webClients.Count; j++)
+                    foreach (WebClient webClient in webClients)
                     {
-                        webClients[j].CancelAsync();
+                        webClient.CancelAsync();
                     }
 
                     DoUpdateWithSingleThread(taskDialog, downloadUrl, updateFile);
@@ -472,19 +498,74 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Modules
             worker.Start();
         }
 
-        private static void SetFileExecutable(string path)
+        [SupportedOSPlatform("linux")]
+        [SupportedOSPlatform("macos")]
+        private static void ExtractTarGzipFile(TaskDialog taskDialog, string archivePath, string outputDirectoryPath)
         {
-            const UnixFileMode ExecutableFileMode = UnixFileMode.UserExecute |
-                                                    UnixFileMode.UserWrite |
-                                                    UnixFileMode.UserRead |
-                                                    UnixFileMode.GroupRead |
-                                                    UnixFileMode.GroupWrite |
-                                                    UnixFileMode.OtherRead |
-                                                    UnixFileMode.OtherWrite;
+            using Stream          inStream   = File.OpenRead(archivePath);
+            using GZipInputStream gzipStream = new(inStream);
+            using TarInputStream  tarStream  = new(gzipStream, Encoding.ASCII);
 
-            if (!OperatingSystem.IsWindows() && File.Exists(path))
+            TarEntry tarEntry;
+
+            while ((tarEntry = tarStream.GetNextEntry()) is not null)
             {
-                File.SetUnixFileMode(path, ExecutableFileMode);
+                if (tarEntry.IsDirectory)
+                {
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                string outPath = Path.Combine(outputDirectoryPath, tarEntry.Name);
+
+                Directory.CreateDirectory(Path.GetDirectoryName(outPath));
+
+                using (FileStream outStream = File.OpenWrite(outPath))
+                {
+                    tarStream.CopyEntryContents(outStream);
+                }
+
+                File.SetUnixFileMode(outPath, (UnixFileMode)tarEntry.TarHeader.Mode);
+                File.SetLastWriteTime(outPath, DateTime.SpecifyKind(tarEntry.ModTime, DateTimeKind.Utc));
+
+                Dispatcher.UIThread.Post(() =>
+                {
+                    if (tarEntry is null)
+                    {
+                        return;
+                    }
+
+                    taskDialog.SetProgressBarState(GetPercentage(tarEntry.Size, inStream.Length), TaskDialogProgressState.Normal);
+                });
+            }
+        }
+
+        private static void ExtractZipFile(TaskDialog taskDialog, string archivePath, string outputDirectoryPath)
+        {
+            using Stream  inStream = File.OpenRead(archivePath);
+            using ZipFile zipFile  = new(inStream);
+
+            double count = 0;
+            foreach (ZipEntry zipEntry in zipFile)
+            {
+                count++;
+                if (zipEntry.IsDirectory) continue;
+
+                string outPath = Path.Combine(outputDirectoryPath, zipEntry.Name);
+
+                Directory.CreateDirectory(Path.GetDirectoryName(outPath));
+
+                using (Stream     zipStream = zipFile.GetInputStream(zipEntry))
+                using (FileStream outStream = File.OpenWrite(outPath))
+                {
+                    zipStream.CopyTo(outStream);
+                }
+
+                File.SetLastWriteTime(outPath, DateTime.SpecifyKind(zipEntry.DateTime, DateTimeKind.Utc));
+
+                Dispatcher.UIThread.Post(() =>
+                {
+                    taskDialog.SetProgressBarState(GetPercentage(count, zipFile.Count), TaskDialogProgressState.Normal);
+                });
             }
         }
 
@@ -494,73 +575,21 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Modules
             taskDialog.SubHeader = LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.UpdaterExtracting];
             taskDialog.SetProgressBarState(0, TaskDialogProgressState.Normal);
 
-            if (OperatingSystem.IsLinux())
+            await Task.Run(() =>
             {
-                using Stream          inStream   = File.OpenRead(updateFile);
-                using GZipInputStream gzipStream = new(inStream);
-                using TarInputStream  tarStream  = new(gzipStream, Encoding.ASCII);
-
-                await Task.Run(() =>
+                if (OperatingSystem.IsLinux() || OperatingSystem.IsMacOS())
                 {
-                    TarEntry tarEntry;
-                    while ((tarEntry = tarStream.GetNextEntry()) != null)
-                    {
-                        if (tarEntry.IsDirectory) continue;
-
-                        string outPath = Path.Combine(UpdateDir, tarEntry.Name);
-
-                        Directory.CreateDirectory(Path.GetDirectoryName(outPath));
-
-                        using (FileStream outStream = File.OpenWrite(outPath))
-                        {
-                            tarStream.CopyEntryContents(outStream);
-                        }
-
-                        File.SetLastWriteTime(outPath, DateTime.SpecifyKind(tarEntry.ModTime, DateTimeKind.Utc));
-
-                        TarEntry entry = tarEntry;
-
-                        Dispatcher.UIThread.Post(() =>
-                        {
-                            taskDialog.SetProgressBarState(GetPercentage(entry.Size, inStream.Length), TaskDialogProgressState.Normal);
-                        });
-                    }
-                });
-
-                taskDialog.SetProgressBarState(100, TaskDialogProgressState.Normal);
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                using Stream  inStream = File.OpenRead(updateFile);
-                using ZipFile zipFile  = new(inStream);
-
-                await Task.Run(() =>
+                    ExtractTarGzipFile(taskDialog, updateFile, UpdateDir);
+                }
+                else if (OperatingSystem.IsWindows())
                 {
-                    double count = 0;
-                    foreach (ZipEntry zipEntry in zipFile)
-                    {
-                        count++;
-                        if (zipEntry.IsDirectory) continue;
-
-                        string outPath = Path.Combine(UpdateDir, zipEntry.Name);
-
-                        Directory.CreateDirectory(Path.GetDirectoryName(outPath));
-
-                        using (Stream     zipStream = zipFile.GetInputStream(zipEntry))
-                        using (FileStream outStream = File.OpenWrite(outPath))
-                        {
-                            zipStream.CopyTo(outStream);
-                        }
-
-                        File.SetLastWriteTime(outPath, DateTime.SpecifyKind(zipEntry.DateTime, DateTimeKind.Utc));
-
-                        Dispatcher.UIThread.Post(() =>
-                        {
-                            taskDialog.SetProgressBarState(GetPercentage(count, zipFile.Count), TaskDialogProgressState.Normal);
-                        });
-                    }
-                });
-            }
+                    ExtractZipFile(taskDialog, updateFile, UpdateDir);
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    throw new NotSupportedException();
+                }
+            });
 
             // Delete downloaded zip
             File.Delete(updateFile);
@@ -570,40 +599,42 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Modules
             taskDialog.SubHeader = LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.UpdaterRenaming];
             taskDialog.SetProgressBarState(0, TaskDialogProgressState.Normal);
 
-            // Replace old files
-            await Task.Run(() =>
+            // NOTE: On macOS, replacement is delayed to the restart phase.
+            if (!OperatingSystem.IsMacOS())
             {
-                double count = 0;
-                foreach (string file in allFiles)
+                // Replace old files
+                await Task.Run(() =>
                 {
-                    count++;
-                    try
+                    double count = 0;
+                    foreach (string file in allFiles)
                     {
-                        File.Move(file, file + ".ryuold");
-
-                        Dispatcher.UIThread.Post(() =>
+                        count++;
+                        try
                         {
-                            taskDialog.SetProgressBarState(GetPercentage(count, allFiles.Count), TaskDialogProgressState.Normal);
-                        });
-                    }
-                    catch
-                    {
-                        Logger.Warning?.Print(LogClass.Application, LocaleManager.Instance.UpdateAndGetDynamicValue(LocaleKeys.UpdaterRenameFailed, file));
-                    }
-                }
+                            File.Move(file, file + ".ryuold");
 
-                Dispatcher.UIThread.Post(() =>
-                {
-                    taskDialog.SubHeader = LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.UpdaterAddingFiles];
-                    taskDialog.SetProgressBarState(0, TaskDialogProgressState.Normal);
+                            Dispatcher.UIThread.Post(() =>
+                            {
+                                taskDialog.SetProgressBarState(GetPercentage(count, allFiles.Count), TaskDialogProgressState.Normal);
+                            });
+                        }
+                        catch
+                        {
+                            Logger.Warning?.Print(LogClass.Application, LocaleManager.Instance.UpdateAndGetDynamicValue(LocaleKeys.UpdaterRenameFailed, file));
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    Dispatcher.UIThread.Post(() =>
+                    {
+                        taskDialog.SubHeader = LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.UpdaterAddingFiles];
+                        taskDialog.SetProgressBarState(0, TaskDialogProgressState.Normal);
+                    });
+
+                    MoveAllFilesOver(UpdatePublishDir, HomeDir, taskDialog);
                 });
 
-                MoveAllFilesOver(UpdatePublishDir, HomeDir, taskDialog);
-            });
-
-            Directory.Delete(UpdateDir, true);
-
-            SetFileExecutable(Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "Ryujinx"));
+                Directory.Delete(UpdateDir, true);
+            }
 
             _updateSuccessful = true;
 
@@ -613,7 +644,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Modules
         public static bool CanUpdate(bool showWarnings)
         {
 #if !DISABLE_UPDATER
-            if (RuntimeInformation.OSArchitecture != Architecture.X64)
+            if (RuntimeInformation.OSArchitecture != Architecture.X64 && !OperatingSystem.IsMacOS())
             {
                 if (showWarnings)
                 {
@@ -686,7 +717,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Modules
 #endif
         }
 
-        // NOTE: This method should always reflect the latest build layout.s
+        // NOTE: This method should always reflect the latest build layout.
         private static IEnumerable<string> EnumerateFilesToDelete()
         {
             var files = Directory.EnumerateFiles(HomeDir); // All files directly in base dir.

Ryujinx.Ava/Program.cs

@@ -14,10 +14,8 @@ using Ryujinx.Ui.Common;
 using Ryujinx.Ui.Common.Configuration;
 using Ryujinx.Ui.Common.Helper;
 using System;
-using System.Diagnostics;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
-using System.Runtime.Versioning;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Ava
@@ -35,48 +33,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava
 
         private const uint MB_ICONWARNING = 0x30;
 
-        [SupportedOSPlatform("linux")]
-        static void RegisterMimeTypes()
-        {
-            if (ReleaseInformation.IsFlatHubBuild())
-            {
-                return;
-            }
-
-            string mimeDbPath = Path.Combine(Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.UserProfile), ".local", "share", "mime");
-
-            if (!File.Exists(Path.Combine(mimeDbPath, "packages", "Ryujinx.xml")))
-            {
-                string mimeTypesFile = Path.Combine(ReleaseInformation.GetBaseApplicationDirectory(), "mime", "Ryujinx.xml");
-                using Process mimeProcess = new();
-
-                mimeProcess.StartInfo.FileName = "xdg-mime";
-                mimeProcess.StartInfo.Arguments = $"install --novendor --mode user {mimeTypesFile}";
-
-                mimeProcess.Start();
-                mimeProcess.WaitForExit();
-
-                if (mimeProcess.ExitCode != 0)
-                {
-                    Logger.Error?.PrintMsg(LogClass.Application, $"Unable to install mime types. Make sure xdg-utils is installed. Process exited with code: {mimeProcess.ExitCode}");
-                    return;
-                }
-
-                using Process updateMimeProcess = new();
-
-                updateMimeProcess.StartInfo.FileName = "update-mime-database";
-                updateMimeProcess.StartInfo.Arguments = mimeDbPath;
-
-                updateMimeProcess.Start();
-                updateMimeProcess.WaitForExit();
-
-                if (updateMimeProcess.ExitCode != 0)
-                {
-                    Logger.Error?.PrintMsg(LogClass.Application, $"Could not update local mime database. Process exited with code: {updateMimeProcess.ExitCode}");
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
         public static void Main(string[] args)
         {
             Version = ReleaseInformation.GetVersion();
@@ -139,12 +95,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava
             // Initialize the logger system.
             LoggerModule.Initialize();
 
-            // Register mime types on linux.
-            if (OperatingSystem.IsLinux())
-            {
-                RegisterMimeTypes();
-            }
-
             // Initialize Discord integration.
             DiscordIntegrationModule.Initialize();
 

Ryujinx.Ava/Ryujinx.Ava.csproj

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
+<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
   <PropertyGroup>
     <TargetFramework>net7.0</TargetFramework>
     <RuntimeIdentifiers>win10-x64;osx-x64;linux-x64</RuntimeIdentifiers>
@@ -6,11 +6,16 @@
     <AllowUnsafeBlocks>true</AllowUnsafeBlocks>
     <Version>1.0.0-dirty</Version>
     <DefineConstants Condition=" '$(ExtraDefineConstants)' != '' ">$(DefineConstants);$(ExtraDefineConstants)</DefineConstants>
+    <SigningCertificate Condition=" '$(SigningCertificate)' == '' ">-</SigningCertificate>
     <RootNamespace>Ryujinx.Ava</RootNamespace>
     <ApplicationIcon>Ryujinx.ico</ApplicationIcon>
     <TieredPGO>true</TieredPGO>
   </PropertyGroup>
 
+  <Target Name="PostBuild" AfterTargets="PostBuildEvent" Condition="$([MSBuild]::IsOSPlatform('OSX'))">
+    <Exec Command="codesign --entitlements '$(ProjectDir)..\distribution\macos\entitlements.xml' -f --deep -s $(SigningCertificate) '$(TargetDir)$(TargetName)'" />
+  </Target>
+
   <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(RuntimeIdentifier)' != ''">
     <PublishSingleFile>true</PublishSingleFile>
     <PublishTrimmed>true</PublishTrimmed>

Ryujinx.Ava/UI/Controls/NavigationDialogHost.axaml.cs

@@ -16,9 +16,9 @@ using Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Views.User;
 using Ryujinx.HLE.FileSystem;
 using Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Account.Acc;
 using System;
-using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Linq;
+using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using UserProfile = Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Models.UserProfile;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Controls
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Controls
 
             using var saveDataIterator = new UniqueRef<SaveDataIterator>();
 
-            HorizonClient.Fs.OpenSaveDataIterator(ref saveDataIterator.Ref(), SaveDataSpaceId.User, in saveDataFilter).ThrowIfFailure();
+            HorizonClient.Fs.OpenSaveDataIterator(ref saveDataIterator.Ref, SaveDataSpaceId.User, in saveDataFilter).ThrowIfFailure();
 
             Span<SaveDataInfo> saveDataInfo = stackalloc SaveDataInfo[10];
 

Ryujinx.Ava/UI/Helpers/LoggerAdapter.cs

@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Helpers
 {
     using AvaLogger   = Avalonia.Logging.Logger;
     using AvaLogLevel = Avalonia.Logging.LogEventLevel;
-    using RyuLogger   = Ryujinx.Common.Logging.Logger;
     using RyuLogClass = Ryujinx.Common.Logging.LogClass;
+    using RyuLogger   = Ryujinx.Common.Logging.Logger;
 
     internal class LoggerAdapter : Avalonia.Logging.ILogSink
     {

Ryujinx.Ava/UI/Helpers/MetalHelper.cs

@@ -1,127 +0,0 @@
-using System;
-using System.Runtime.Versioning;
-using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
-using Avalonia;
-
-namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Helpers
-{
-    public delegate void UpdateBoundsCallbackDelegate(Rect rect);
-
-    [SupportedOSPlatform("macos")]
-    static partial class MetalHelper
-    {
-        private const string LibObjCImport = "/usr/lib/libobjc.A.dylib";
-
-        private struct Selector
-        {
-            public readonly IntPtr NativePtr;
-
-            public unsafe Selector(string value)
-            {
-                int size = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetMaxByteCount(value.Length);
-                byte* data = stackalloc byte[size];
-
-                fixed (char* pValue = value)
-                {
-                    System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(pValue, value.Length, data, size);
-                }
-
-                NativePtr = sel_registerName(data);
-            }
-
-            public static implicit operator Selector(string value) => new Selector(value);
-        }
-
-        private static unsafe IntPtr GetClass(string value)
-        {
-            int size = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetMaxByteCount(value.Length);
-            byte* data = stackalloc byte[size];
-
-            fixed (char* pValue = value)
-            {
-                System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(pValue, value.Length, data, size);
-            }
-
-            return objc_getClass(data);
-        }
-
-        private struct NSPoint
-        {
-            public double X;
-            public double Y;
-
-            public NSPoint(double x, double y)
-            {
-                X = x;
-                Y = y;
-            }
-        }
-
-        private struct NSRect
-        {
-            public NSPoint Pos;
-            public NSPoint Size;
-
-            public NSRect(double x, double y, double width, double height)
-            {
-                Pos = new NSPoint(x, y);
-                Size = new NSPoint(width, height);
-            }
-        }
-
-        public static IntPtr GetMetalLayer(out IntPtr nsView, out UpdateBoundsCallbackDelegate updateBounds)
-        {
-            // Create a new CAMetalLayer.
-            IntPtr layerClass = GetClass("CAMetalLayer");
-            IntPtr metalLayer = IntPtr_objc_msgSend(layerClass, "alloc");
-            objc_msgSend(metalLayer, "init");
-
-            // Create a child NSView to render into.
-            IntPtr nsViewClass = GetClass("NSView");
-            IntPtr child = IntPtr_objc_msgSend(nsViewClass, "alloc");
-            objc_msgSend(child, "init", new NSRect(0, 0, 0, 0));
-
-            // Make its renderer our metal layer.
-            objc_msgSend(child, "setWantsLayer:", (byte)1);
-            objc_msgSend(child, "setLayer:", metalLayer);
-            objc_msgSend(metalLayer, "setContentsScale:", Program.DesktopScaleFactor);
-
-            // Ensure the scale factor is up to date.
-            updateBounds = (Rect rect) => {
-                objc_msgSend(metalLayer, "setContentsScale:", Program.DesktopScaleFactor);
-            };
-
-            nsView = child;
-            return metalLayer;
-        }
-
-        public static void DestroyMetalLayer(IntPtr nsView, IntPtr metalLayer)
-        {
-            // TODO
-        }
-
-        [LibraryImport(LibObjCImport)]
-        private static unsafe partial IntPtr sel_registerName(byte* data);
-
-        [LibraryImport(LibObjCImport)]
-        private static unsafe partial IntPtr objc_getClass(byte* data);
-
-        [LibraryImport(LibObjCImport)]
-        private static partial void objc_msgSend(IntPtr receiver, Selector selector);
-
-        [LibraryImport(LibObjCImport)]
-        private static partial void objc_msgSend(IntPtr receiver, Selector selector, byte value);
-
-        [LibraryImport(LibObjCImport)]
-        private static partial void objc_msgSend(IntPtr receiver, Selector selector, IntPtr value);
-
-        [LibraryImport(LibObjCImport)]
-        private static partial void objc_msgSend(IntPtr receiver, Selector selector, NSRect point);
-
-        [LibraryImport(LibObjCImport)]
-        private static partial void objc_msgSend(IntPtr receiver, Selector selector, double value);
-
-        [LibraryImport(LibObjCImport, EntryPoint = "objc_msgSend")]
-        private static partial IntPtr IntPtr_objc_msgSend(IntPtr receiver, Selector selector);
-    }
-}

Ryujinx.Ava/UI/Models/DownloadableContentModel.cs

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 using Ryujinx.Ava.UI.ViewModels;
+using System.IO;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Models
 {
@@ -21,6 +22,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Models
         public string ContainerPath { get; }
         public string FullPath      { get; }
 
+        public string FileName => Path.GetFileName(ContainerPath);
+
         public DownloadableContentModel(string titleId, string containerPath, string fullPath, bool enabled)
         {
             TitleId       = titleId;

Ryujinx.Ava/UI/Renderer/EmbeddedWindow.cs

@@ -2,9 +2,9 @@ using Avalonia;
 using Avalonia.Controls;
 using Avalonia.Input;
 using Avalonia.Platform;
-using Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Helpers;
 using Ryujinx.Common.Configuration;
 using Ryujinx.Ui.Common.Configuration;
+using Ryujinx.Ui.Common.Helper;
 using SPB.Graphics;
 using SPB.Platform;
 using SPB.Platform.GLX;
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Renderer
         protected IntPtr NsView       { get; set; }
         protected IntPtr MetalLayer   { get; set; }
 
+        public delegate void UpdateBoundsCallbackDelegate(Rect rect);
         private UpdateBoundsCallbackDelegate _updateBoundsCallback;
 
         public event EventHandler<IntPtr> WindowCreated;
@@ -140,68 +141,75 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Renderer
             {
                 if (VisualRoot != null)
                 {
-                    Point   rootVisualPosition = this.TranslatePoint(new Point((long)lParam & 0xFFFF, (long)lParam >> 16 & 0xFFFF), VisualRoot).Value;
-                    Pointer pointer            = new(0, PointerType.Mouse, true);
-
-                    switch (msg)
+                    if (msg == WindowsMessages.LBUTTONDOWN ||
+                        msg == WindowsMessages.RBUTTONDOWN ||
+                        msg == WindowsMessages.LBUTTONUP   ||
+                        msg == WindowsMessages.RBUTTONUP   ||
+                        msg == WindowsMessages.MOUSEMOVE)
                     {
-                        case WindowsMessages.LBUTTONDOWN:
-                        case WindowsMessages.RBUTTONDOWN:
-                            {
-                                bool                   isLeft               = msg == WindowsMessages.LBUTTONDOWN;
-                                RawInputModifiers      pointerPointModifier = isLeft ? RawInputModifiers.LeftMouseButton : RawInputModifiers.RightMouseButton;
-                                PointerPointProperties properties           = new(pointerPointModifier, isLeft ? PointerUpdateKind.LeftButtonPressed : PointerUpdateKind.RightButtonPressed);
+                        Point   rootVisualPosition = this.TranslatePoint(new Point((long)lParam & 0xFFFF, (long)lParam >> 16 & 0xFFFF), VisualRoot).Value;
+                        Pointer pointer            = new(0, PointerType.Mouse, true);
 
-                                var evnt = new PointerPressedEventArgs(
-                                    this,
-                                    pointer,
-                                    VisualRoot,
-                                    rootVisualPosition,
-                                    (ulong)Environment.TickCount64,
-                                    properties,
-                                    KeyModifiers.None);
+                        switch (msg)
+                        {
+                            case WindowsMessages.LBUTTONDOWN:
+                            case WindowsMessages.RBUTTONDOWN:
+                                {
+                                    bool                   isLeft               = msg == WindowsMessages.LBUTTONDOWN;
+                                    RawInputModifiers      pointerPointModifier = isLeft ? RawInputModifiers.LeftMouseButton : RawInputModifiers.RightMouseButton;
+                                    PointerPointProperties properties           = new(pointerPointModifier, isLeft ? PointerUpdateKind.LeftButtonPressed : PointerUpdateKind.RightButtonPressed);
 
-                                RaiseEvent(evnt);
+                                    var evnt = new PointerPressedEventArgs(
+                                        this,
+                                        pointer,
+                                        VisualRoot,
+                                        rootVisualPosition,
+                                        (ulong)Environment.TickCount64,
+                                        properties,
+                                        KeyModifiers.None);
 
-                                break;
-                            }
-                        case WindowsMessages.LBUTTONUP:
-                        case WindowsMessages.RBUTTONUP:
-                            {
-                                bool                   isLeft               = msg == WindowsMessages.LBUTTONUP;
-                                RawInputModifiers      pointerPointModifier = isLeft ? RawInputModifiers.LeftMouseButton : RawInputModifiers.RightMouseButton;
-                                PointerPointProperties properties           = new(pointerPointModifier, isLeft ? PointerUpdateKind.LeftButtonReleased : PointerUpdateKind.RightButtonReleased);
+                                    RaiseEvent(evnt);
 
-                                var evnt = new PointerReleasedEventArgs(
-                                    this,
-                                    pointer,
-                                    VisualRoot,
-                                    rootVisualPosition,
-                                    (ulong)Environment.TickCount64,
-                                    properties,
-                                    KeyModifiers.None,
-                                    isLeft ? MouseButton.Left : MouseButton.Right);
+                                    break;
+                                }
+                            case WindowsMessages.LBUTTONUP:
+                            case WindowsMessages.RBUTTONUP:
+                                {
+                                    bool                   isLeft               = msg == WindowsMessages.LBUTTONUP;
+                                    RawInputModifiers      pointerPointModifier = isLeft ? RawInputModifiers.LeftMouseButton : RawInputModifiers.RightMouseButton;
+                                    PointerPointProperties properties           = new(pointerPointModifier, isLeft ? PointerUpdateKind.LeftButtonReleased : PointerUpdateKind.RightButtonReleased);
 
-                                RaiseEvent(evnt);
+                                    var evnt = new PointerReleasedEventArgs(
+                                        this,
+                                        pointer,
+                                        VisualRoot,
+                                        rootVisualPosition,
+                                        (ulong)Environment.TickCount64,
+                                        properties,
+                                        KeyModifiers.None,
+                                        isLeft ? MouseButton.Left : MouseButton.Right);
 
-                                break;
-                            }
-                        case WindowsMessages.MOUSEMOVE:
-                            {
-                                var evnt = new PointerEventArgs(
-                                    PointerMovedEvent,
-                                    this,
-                                    pointer,
-                                    VisualRoot,
-                                    rootVisualPosition,
-                                    (ulong)Environment.TickCount64,
-                                    new PointerPointProperties(RawInputModifiers.None, PointerUpdateKind.Other),
-                                    KeyModifiers.None);
+                                    RaiseEvent(evnt);
 
-                                RaiseEvent(evnt);
+                                    break;
+                                }
+                            case WindowsMessages.MOUSEMOVE:
+                                {
+                                    var evnt = new PointerEventArgs(
+                                        PointerMovedEvent,
+                                        this,
+                                        pointer,
+                                        VisualRoot,
+                                        rootVisualPosition,
+                                        (ulong)Environment.TickCount64,
+                                        new PointerPointProperties(RawInputModifiers.None, PointerUpdateKind.Other),
+                                        KeyModifiers.None);
 
-                                break;
-                            }
+                                    RaiseEvent(evnt);
+
+                                    break;
+                                }
+                        }
                     }
                 }
 
@@ -230,8 +238,29 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Renderer
         [SupportedOSPlatform("macos")]
         IPlatformHandle CreateMacOS()
         {
-            MetalLayer = MetalHelper.GetMetalLayer(out IntPtr nsView, out _updateBoundsCallback);
+            // Create a new CAMetalLayer.
+            IntPtr layerClass = ObjectiveC.objc_getClass("CAMetalLayer");
+            IntPtr metalLayer = ObjectiveC.IntPtr_objc_msgSend(layerClass, "alloc");
+            ObjectiveC.objc_msgSend(metalLayer, "init");
 
+            // Create a child NSView to render into.
+            IntPtr nsViewClass = ObjectiveC.objc_getClass("NSView");
+            IntPtr child = ObjectiveC.IntPtr_objc_msgSend(nsViewClass, "alloc");
+            ObjectiveC.objc_msgSend(child, "init", new ObjectiveC.NSRect(0, 0, 0, 0));
+
+            // Make its renderer our metal layer.
+            ObjectiveC.objc_msgSend(child, "setWantsLayer:", 1);
+            ObjectiveC.objc_msgSend(child, "setLayer:", metalLayer);
+            ObjectiveC.objc_msgSend(metalLayer, "setContentsScale:", Program.DesktopScaleFactor);
+
+            // Ensure the scale factor is up to date.
+            _updateBoundsCallback = rect =>
+            {
+                ObjectiveC.objc_msgSend(metalLayer, "setContentsScale:", Program.DesktopScaleFactor);
+            };
+
+            IntPtr nsView = child;
+            MetalLayer = metalLayer;
             NsView = nsView;
 
             return new PlatformHandle(nsView, "NSView");
@@ -253,7 +282,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Renderer
         [SupportedOSPlatform("macos")]
         void DestroyMacOS()
         {
-            MetalHelper.DestroyMetalLayer(NsView, MetalLayer);
+            // TODO
         }
     }
 }

Ryujinx.Ava/UI/ViewModels/AmiiboWindowViewModel.cs

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ using Avalonia.Collections;
 using Avalonia.Media.Imaging;
 using Avalonia.Threading;
 using Ryujinx.Ava.Common.Locale;
-using Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Controls;
 using Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Helpers;
 using Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Models;
 using Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Windows;
@@ -17,7 +16,6 @@ using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Net.Http;
 using System.Text;
-using System.Text.Json;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.ViewModels
@@ -31,7 +29,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.ViewModels
         private readonly byte[] _amiiboLogoBytes;
         private readonly HttpClient _httpClient;
         private readonly StyleableWindow _owner;
-        
+
         private Bitmap _amiiboImage;
         private List<Amiibo.AmiiboApi> _amiiboList;
         private AvaloniaList<Amiibo.AmiiboApi> _amiibos;

Ryujinx.Ava/UI/ViewModels/AvatarProfileViewModel.cs

@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.ViewModels
                             {
                                 using var file = new UniqueRef<IFile>();
 
-                                romfs.OpenFile(ref file.Ref(), ("/" + item.FullPath).ToU8Span(), OpenMode.Read)
+                                romfs.OpenFile(ref file.Ref, ("/" + item.FullPath).ToU8Span(), OpenMode.Read)
                                     .ThrowIfFailure();
 
                                 using (MemoryStream stream = new())

Ryujinx.Ava/UI/ViewModels/ControllerSettingsViewModel.cs

@@ -3,11 +3,8 @@ using Avalonia.Controls;
 using Avalonia.Controls.ApplicationLifetimes;
 using Avalonia.Svg.Skia;
 using Avalonia.Threading;
-using LibHac.Bcat;
-using LibHac.Tools.Fs;
 using Ryujinx.Ava.Common.Locale;
 using Ryujinx.Ava.Input;
-using Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Controls;
 using Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Helpers;
 using Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Models;
 using Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Windows;

Ryujinx.Ava/UI/ViewModels/DownloadableContentManagerViewModel.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,340 @@
+using Avalonia.Collections;
+using Avalonia.Controls;
+using Avalonia.Controls.ApplicationLifetimes;
+using Avalonia.Threading;
+using DynamicData;
+using LibHac.Common;
+using LibHac.Fs;
+using LibHac.Fs.Fsa;
+using LibHac.FsSystem;
+using LibHac.Tools.Fs;
+using LibHac.Tools.FsSystem;
+using LibHac.Tools.FsSystem.NcaUtils;
+using Ryujinx.Ava.Common.Locale;
+using Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Helpers;
+using Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Models;
+using Ryujinx.Common.Configuration;
+using Ryujinx.Common.Logging;
+using Ryujinx.Common.Utilities;
+using Ryujinx.HLE.FileSystem;
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.IO;
+using System.Linq;
+using System.Text;
+using System.Threading.Tasks;
+using Path = System.IO.Path;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.ViewModels
+{
+    public class DownloadableContentManagerViewModel : BaseModel
+    {
+        private readonly List<DownloadableContentContainer> _downloadableContentContainerList;
+        private readonly string                             _downloadableContentJsonPath;
+
+        private VirtualFileSystem                      _virtualFileSystem;
+        private AvaloniaList<DownloadableContentModel> _downloadableContents = new();
+        private AvaloniaList<DownloadableContentModel> _views = new();
+        private AvaloniaList<DownloadableContentModel> _selectedDownloadableContents = new();
+
+        private string _search;
+        private ulong _titleId;
+        private string _titleName;
+
+        public AvaloniaList<DownloadableContentModel> DownloadableContents
+        {
+            get => _downloadableContents;
+            set
+            {
+                _downloadableContents = value;
+                OnPropertyChanged();
+                OnPropertyChanged(nameof(UpdateCount));
+                Sort();
+            }
+        }
+
+        public AvaloniaList<DownloadableContentModel> Views
+        {
+            get => _views;
+            set
+            {
+                _views = value;
+                OnPropertyChanged();
+            }
+        }
+
+        public AvaloniaList<DownloadableContentModel> SelectedDownloadableContents
+        {
+            get => _selectedDownloadableContents;
+            set
+            {
+                _selectedDownloadableContents = value;
+                OnPropertyChanged();
+            }
+        }
+
+        public string Search
+        {
+            get => _search;
+            set
+            {
+                _search = value;
+                OnPropertyChanged();
+                Sort();
+            }
+        }
+
+        public string UpdateCount
+        {
+            get => string.Format(LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.DlcWindowHeading], DownloadableContents.Count);
+        }
+
+        public DownloadableContentManagerViewModel(VirtualFileSystem virtualFileSystem, ulong titleId, string titleName)
+        {
+            _virtualFileSystem = virtualFileSystem;
+
+            _titleId   = titleId;
+            _titleName = titleName;
+
+            _downloadableContentJsonPath = Path.Combine(AppDataManager.GamesDirPath, titleId.ToString("x16"), "dlc.json");
+
+            try
+            {
+                _downloadableContentContainerList = JsonHelper.DeserializeFromFile<List<DownloadableContentContainer>>(_downloadableContentJsonPath);
+            }
+            catch
+            {
+                Logger.Error?.Print(LogClass.Configuration, "Downloadable Content JSON failed to deserialize.");
+                _downloadableContentContainerList = new List<DownloadableContentContainer>();
+            }
+
+            LoadDownloadableContents();
+        }
+
+        private void LoadDownloadableContents()
+        {
+            foreach (DownloadableContentContainer downloadableContentContainer in _downloadableContentContainerList)
+            {
+                if (File.Exists(downloadableContentContainer.ContainerPath))
+                {
+                    using FileStream containerFile = File.OpenRead(downloadableContentContainer.ContainerPath);
+
+                    PartitionFileSystem partitionFileSystem = new(containerFile.AsStorage());
+
+                    _virtualFileSystem.ImportTickets(partitionFileSystem);
+
+                    foreach (DownloadableContentNca downloadableContentNca in downloadableContentContainer.DownloadableContentNcaList)
+                    {
+                        using UniqueRef<IFile> ncaFile = new();
+
+                        partitionFileSystem.OpenFile(ref ncaFile.Ref, downloadableContentNca.FullPath.ToU8Span(), OpenMode.Read).ThrowIfFailure();
+
+                        Nca nca = TryOpenNca(ncaFile.Get.AsStorage(), downloadableContentContainer.ContainerPath);
+                        if (nca != null)
+                        {   
+                            var content = new DownloadableContentModel(nca.Header.TitleId.ToString("X16"),
+                                downloadableContentContainer.ContainerPath,
+                                downloadableContentNca.FullPath,
+                                downloadableContentNca.Enabled);
+
+                            DownloadableContents.Add(content);
+
+                            if (content.Enabled)
+                            {
+                                SelectedDownloadableContents.Add(content);
+                            }
+
+                            OnPropertyChanged(nameof(UpdateCount));
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            // NOTE: Save the list again to remove leftovers.
+            Save();
+            Sort();
+        }
+
+        public void Sort()
+        {
+            DownloadableContents.AsObservableChangeSet()
+                .Filter(Filter)
+                .Bind(out var view).AsObservableList();
+
+            _views.Clear();
+            _views.AddRange(view);
+            OnPropertyChanged(nameof(Views));
+        }
+
+        private bool Filter(object arg)
+        {
+            if (arg is DownloadableContentModel content)
+            {
+                return string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(_search) || content.FileName.ToLower().Contains(_search.ToLower()) || content.TitleId.ToLower().Contains(_search.ToLower());
+            }
+
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        private Nca TryOpenNca(IStorage ncaStorage, string containerPath)
+        {
+            try
+            {
+                return new Nca(_virtualFileSystem.KeySet, ncaStorage);
+            }
+            catch (Exception ex)
+            {
+                Dispatcher.UIThread.InvokeAsync(async () =>
+                {
+                    await ContentDialogHelper.CreateErrorDialog(string.Format(LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.DialogLoadNcaErrorMessage], ex.Message, containerPath));
+                });
+            }
+
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        public async void Add()
+        {
+            OpenFileDialog dialog = new OpenFileDialog()
+            {
+                Title         = LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.SelectDlcDialogTitle],
+                AllowMultiple = true
+            };
+
+            dialog.Filters.Add(new FileDialogFilter
+            {
+                Name       = "NSP",
+                Extensions = { "nsp" }
+            });
+
+            if (Avalonia.Application.Current.ApplicationLifetime is IClassicDesktopStyleApplicationLifetime desktop)
+            {
+                string[] files = await dialog.ShowAsync(desktop.MainWindow);
+
+                if (files != null)
+                {
+                    foreach (string file in files)
+                    {
+                        await AddDownloadableContent(file);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        private async Task AddDownloadableContent(string path)
+        {
+            if (!File.Exists(path) || DownloadableContents.FirstOrDefault(x => x.ContainerPath == path) != null)
+            {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            using FileStream containerFile = File.OpenRead(path);
+
+            PartitionFileSystem partitionFileSystem         = new(containerFile.AsStorage());
+            bool                containsDownloadableContent = false;
+
+            _virtualFileSystem.ImportTickets(partitionFileSystem);
+
+            foreach (DirectoryEntryEx fileEntry in partitionFileSystem.EnumerateEntries("/", "*.nca"))
+            {
+                using var ncaFile = new UniqueRef<IFile>();
+
+                partitionFileSystem.OpenFile(ref ncaFile.Ref, fileEntry.FullPath.ToU8Span(), OpenMode.Read).ThrowIfFailure();
+
+                Nca nca = TryOpenNca(ncaFile.Get.AsStorage(), path);
+                if (nca == null)
+                {
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                if (nca.Header.ContentType == NcaContentType.PublicData)
+                {
+                    if ((nca.Header.TitleId & 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFE000) != _titleId)
+                    {
+                        break;
+                    }
+
+                    var content = new DownloadableContentModel(nca.Header.TitleId.ToString("X16"), path, fileEntry.FullPath, true);
+                    DownloadableContents.Add(content);
+                    SelectedDownloadableContents.Add(content);
+
+                    OnPropertyChanged(nameof(UpdateCount));
+                    Sort();
+
+                    containsDownloadableContent = true;
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (!containsDownloadableContent)
+            {
+                await ContentDialogHelper.CreateErrorDialog(LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.DialogDlcNoDlcErrorMessage]);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void Remove(DownloadableContentModel model)
+        {
+            DownloadableContents.Remove(model);
+            OnPropertyChanged(nameof(UpdateCount));
+            Sort();
+        }
+
+        public void RemoveAll()
+        {
+            DownloadableContents.Clear();
+            OnPropertyChanged(nameof(UpdateCount));
+            Sort();
+        }
+
+        public void EnableAll()
+        {
+            SelectedDownloadableContents = new(DownloadableContents);
+        }
+
+        public void DisableAll()
+        {
+            SelectedDownloadableContents.Clear();
+        }
+
+        public void Save()
+        {
+            _downloadableContentContainerList.Clear();
+
+            DownloadableContentContainer container = default;
+
+            foreach (DownloadableContentModel downloadableContent in DownloadableContents)
+            {
+                if (container.ContainerPath != downloadableContent.ContainerPath)
+                {
+                    if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(container.ContainerPath))
+                    {
+                        _downloadableContentContainerList.Add(container);
+                    }
+
+                    container = new DownloadableContentContainer
+                    {
+                        ContainerPath              = downloadableContent.ContainerPath,
+                        DownloadableContentNcaList = new List<DownloadableContentNca>()
+                    };
+                }
+
+                container.DownloadableContentNcaList.Add(new DownloadableContentNca
+                {
+                    Enabled  = downloadableContent.Enabled,
+                    TitleId  = Convert.ToUInt64(downloadableContent.TitleId, 16),
+                    FullPath = downloadableContent.FullPath
+                });
+            }
+
+            if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(container.ContainerPath))
+            {
+                _downloadableContentContainerList.Add(container);
+            }
+
+            using (FileStream downloadableContentJsonStream = File.Create(_downloadableContentJsonPath, 4096, FileOptions.WriteThrough))
+            {
+                downloadableContentJsonStream.Write(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(JsonHelper.Serialize(_downloadableContentContainerList, true)));
+            }
+        }
+
+    }
+}

Ryujinx.Ava/UI/ViewModels/MainWindowViewModel.cs

@@ -7,8 +7,7 @@ using DynamicData;
 using DynamicData.Binding;
 using LibHac.Common;
 using LibHac.Fs;
-using LibHac.FsSystem;
-using LibHac.Tools.Fs;
+using LibHac.Tools.FsSystem.NcaUtils;
 using Ryujinx.Ava.Common;
 using Ryujinx.Ava.Common.Locale;
 using Ryujinx.Ava.Input;
@@ -683,6 +682,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.ViewModels
             get => ConsoleHelper.SetConsoleWindowStateSupported;
         }
 
+        public bool ManageFileTypesVisible
+        {
+            get => FileAssociationHelper.IsTypeAssociationSupported;
+        }
+
         public ObservableCollection<ApplicationData> Applications
         {
             get => _applications;
@@ -1560,7 +1564,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.ViewModels
         {
             if (SelectedApplication != null)
             {
-                await new DownloadableContentManagerWindow(VirtualFileSystem, ulong.Parse(SelectedApplication.TitleId, NumberStyles.HexNumber), SelectedApplication.TitleName).ShowDialog(TopLevel as Window);
+                await DownloadableContentManagerWindow.Show(VirtualFileSystem, ulong.Parse(SelectedApplication.TitleId, NumberStyles.HexNumber), SelectedApplication.TitleName);
             }
         }
 

Ryujinx.Ava/UI/ViewModels/SettingsViewModel.cs

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
 using System.Linq;
+using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
 using TimeZone = Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Models.TimeZone;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.ViewModels
@@ -44,6 +45,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.ViewModels
         private KeyboardHotkeys _keyboardHotkeys;
         private int _graphicsBackendIndex;
         private string _customThemePath;
+        private int _scalingFilter;
+        private int _scalingFilterLevel;
 
         public event Action CloseWindow;
         public event Action SaveSettingsEvent;
@@ -59,6 +62,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.ViewModels
                 OnPropertyChanged(nameof(IsCustomResolutionScaleActive));
             }
         }
+
         public int GraphicsBackendMultithreadingIndex
         {
             get => _graphicsBackendMultithreadingIndex;
@@ -106,6 +110,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.ViewModels
 
         public bool IsOpenGLAvailable => !OperatingSystem.IsMacOS();
 
+        public bool IsHypervisorAvailable => OperatingSystem.IsMacOS() && RuntimeInformation.ProcessArchitecture == Architecture.Arm64;
+
         public bool DirectoryChanged
         {
             get => _directoryChanged;
@@ -117,10 +123,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.ViewModels
             }
         }
 
-        public bool IsMacOS
-        {
-            get => OperatingSystem.IsMacOS();
-        }
+        public bool IsMacOS => OperatingSystem.IsMacOS();
 
         public bool EnableDiscordIntegration { get; set; }
         public bool CheckUpdatesOnStart { get; set; }
@@ -152,7 +155,10 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.ViewModels
         public bool IsSDL2Enabled { get; set; }
         public bool EnableCustomTheme { get; set; }
         public bool IsCustomResolutionScaleActive => _resolutionScale == 4;
+        public bool IsScalingFilterActive => _scalingFilter == (int)Ryujinx.Common.Configuration.ScalingFilter.Fsr;
+
         public bool IsVulkanSelected => GraphicsBackendIndex == 0;
+        public bool UseHypervisor { get; set; }
 
         public string TimeZone { get; set; }
         public string ShaderDumpPath { get; set; }
@@ -177,6 +183,18 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.ViewModels
         public int AudioBackend { get; set; }
         public int MaxAnisotropy { get; set; }
         public int AspectRatio { get; set; }
+        public int AntiAliasingEffect { get; set; }
+        public string ScalingFilterLevelText => ScalingFilterLevel.ToString("0");
+        public int ScalingFilterLevel
+        {
+            get => _scalingFilterLevel;
+            set
+            {
+                _scalingFilterLevel = value;
+                OnPropertyChanged();
+                OnPropertyChanged(nameof(ScalingFilterLevelText));
+            }
+        }
         public int OpenglDebugLevel { get; set; }
         public int MemoryMode { get; set; }
         public int BaseStyleIndex { get; set; }
@@ -190,6 +208,16 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.ViewModels
                 OnPropertyChanged(nameof(IsVulkanSelected));
             }
         }
+        public int ScalingFilter
+        {
+            get => _scalingFilter;
+            set
+            {
+                _scalingFilter = value;
+                OnPropertyChanged();
+                OnPropertyChanged(nameof(IsScalingFilterActive));
+            }
+        }
 
         public int PreferredGpuIndex { get; set; }
 
@@ -208,7 +236,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.ViewModels
 
         public DateTimeOffset DateOffset { get; set; }
         public TimeSpan TimeOffset { get; set; }
-        private AvaloniaList<TimeZone> TimeZones { get; set; }
+        internal AvaloniaList<TimeZone> TimeZones { get; set; }
         public AvaloniaList<string> GameDirectories { get; set; }
         public ObservableCollection<ComboBoxItem> AvailableGpus { get; set; }
 
@@ -349,6 +377,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.ViewModels
             // CPU
             EnablePptc = config.System.EnablePtc;
             MemoryMode = (int)config.System.MemoryManagerMode.Value;
+            UseHypervisor = config.System.UseHypervisor;
 
             // Graphics
             GraphicsBackendIndex = (int)config.Graphics.GraphicsBackend.Value;
@@ -362,6 +391,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.ViewModels
             AspectRatio = (int)config.Graphics.AspectRatio.Value;
             GraphicsBackendMultithreadingIndex = (int)config.Graphics.BackendThreading.Value;
             ShaderDumpPath = config.Graphics.ShadersDumpPath;
+            AntiAliasingEffect = (int)config.Graphics.AntiAliasing.Value;
+            ScalingFilter = (int)config.Graphics.ScalingFilter.Value;
+            ScalingFilterLevel = config.Graphics.ScalingFilterLevel.Value;
 
             // Audio
             AudioBackend = (int)config.System.AudioBackend.Value;
@@ -369,7 +401,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.ViewModels
 
             // Network
             EnableInternetAccess = config.System.EnableInternetAccess;
-            
+
             // Logging
             EnableFileLog = config.Logger.EnableFileLog;
             EnableStub = config.Logger.EnableStub;
@@ -432,6 +464,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.ViewModels
             // CPU
             config.System.EnablePtc.Value = EnablePptc;
             config.System.MemoryManagerMode.Value = (MemoryManagerMode)MemoryMode;
+            config.System.UseHypervisor.Value = UseHypervisor;
 
             // Graphics
             config.Graphics.GraphicsBackend.Value = (GraphicsBackend)GraphicsBackendIndex;
@@ -443,6 +476,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.ViewModels
             config.Graphics.ResScaleCustom.Value = CustomResolutionScale;
             config.Graphics.MaxAnisotropy.Value = MaxAnisotropy == 0 ? -1 : MathF.Pow(2, MaxAnisotropy);
             config.Graphics.AspectRatio.Value = (AspectRatio)AspectRatio;
+            config.Graphics.AntiAliasing.Value = (AntiAliasing)AntiAliasingEffect;
+            config.Graphics.ScalingFilter.Value = (ScalingFilter)ScalingFilter;
+            config.Graphics.ScalingFilterLevel.Value = ScalingFilterLevel;
 
             if (ConfigurationState.Instance.Graphics.BackendThreading != (BackendThreading)GraphicsBackendMultithreadingIndex)
             {

Ryujinx.Ava/UI/ViewModels/TitleUpdateViewModel.cs

@@ -21,8 +21,9 @@ using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
-using SpanHelpers = LibHac.Common.SpanHelpers;
+using System.Text;
 using Path = System.IO.Path;
+using SpanHelpers = LibHac.Common.SpanHelpers;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.ViewModels;
 
@@ -90,6 +91,8 @@ public class TitleUpdateViewModel : BaseModel
                 Selected = "",
                 Paths    = new List<string>()
             };
+
+            Save();
         }
 
         LoadUpdates();
@@ -106,6 +109,9 @@ public class TitleUpdateViewModel : BaseModel
 
         SelectedUpdate = selected;
 
+        // NOTE: Save the list again to remove leftovers.
+        Save();
+
         SortUpdates();
     }
 
@@ -164,7 +170,7 @@ public class TitleUpdateViewModel : BaseModel
 
                     using UniqueRef<IFile> nacpFile = new();
 
-                    controlNca.OpenFileSystem(NcaSectionType.Data, IntegrityCheckLevel.None).OpenFile(ref nacpFile.Ref(), "/control.nacp".ToU8Span(), OpenMode.Read).ThrowIfFailure();
+                    controlNca.OpenFileSystem(NcaSectionType.Data, IntegrityCheckLevel.None).OpenFile(ref nacpFile.Ref, "/control.nacp".ToU8Span(), OpenMode.Read).ThrowIfFailure();
                     nacpFile.Get.Read(out _, 0, SpanHelpers.AsByteSpan(ref controlData), ReadOption.None).ThrowIfFailure();
 
                     TitleUpdates.Add(new TitleUpdateModel(controlData, path));
@@ -223,4 +229,22 @@ public class TitleUpdateViewModel : BaseModel
 
         SortUpdates();
     }
+
+    public void Save()
+    {
+        _titleUpdateWindowData.Paths.Clear();
+        _titleUpdateWindowData.Selected = "";
+
+        foreach (TitleUpdateModel update in TitleUpdates)
+        {
+            _titleUpdateWindowData.Paths.Add(update.Path);
+
+            if (update == SelectedUpdate)
+            {
+                _titleUpdateWindowData.Selected = update.Path;
+            }
+        }
+
+        File.WriteAllBytes(_titleUpdateJsonPath, Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(JsonHelper.Serialize(_titleUpdateWindowData, true)));
+    }
 }

Ryujinx.Ava/UI/ViewModels/UserFirmwareAvatarSelectorViewModel.cs

@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.ViewModels
                         {
                             using var file = new UniqueRef<IFile>();
 
-                            romfs.OpenFile(ref file.Ref(), ("/" + item.FullPath).ToU8Span(), OpenMode.Read).ThrowIfFailure();
+                            romfs.OpenFile(ref file.Ref, ("/" + item.FullPath).ToU8Span(), OpenMode.Read).ThrowIfFailure();
 
                             using (MemoryStream stream = new())
                             using (MemoryStream streamPng = new())

Ryujinx.Ava/UI/Views/Main/MainMenuBarView.axaml

@@ -77,8 +77,7 @@
                     </MenuItem.Icon>
                 </MenuItem>
                 <Separator />
-                <MenuItem Name="ChangeLanguageMenuItem" Header="{locale:Locale MenuBarOptionsChangeLanguage}">
-                </MenuItem>
+                <MenuItem Name="ChangeLanguageMenuItem" Header="{locale:Locale MenuBarOptionsChangeLanguage}" />
                 <Separator />
                 <MenuItem
                     Click="OpenSettings"
@@ -141,6 +140,10 @@
                     <MenuItem Command="{ReflectionBinding InstallFirmwareFromFile}" Header="{locale:Locale MenuBarFileToolsInstallFirmwareFromFile}" />
                     <MenuItem Command="{ReflectionBinding InstallFirmwareFromFolder}" Header="{locale:Locale MenuBarFileToolsInstallFirmwareFromDirectory}" />
                 </MenuItem>
+                <MenuItem Header="{locale:Locale MenuBarToolsManageFileTypes}" IsVisible="{Binding ManageFileTypesVisible}">
+                    <MenuItem Header="{locale:Locale MenuBarToolsInstallFileTypes}" Click="InstallFileTypes_Click"/>
+                    <MenuItem Header="{locale:Locale MenuBarToolsUninstallFileTypes}" Click="UninstallFileTypes_Click"/>
+                </MenuItem>
             </MenuItem>
             <MenuItem VerticalAlignment="Center" Header="{locale:Locale MenuBarHelp}">
                 <MenuItem
@@ -157,4 +160,4 @@
             </MenuItem>
         </Menu>
     </DockPanel>
-</UserControl>
+</UserControl>

Ryujinx.Ava/UI/Views/Main/MainMenuBarView.axaml.cs

@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 using Avalonia;
 using Avalonia.Controls;
 using Avalonia.Interactivity;
-using LibHac.FsSystem;
 using LibHac.Ncm;
+using LibHac.Tools.FsSystem.NcaUtils;
+using Ryujinx.Ava.Common.Locale;
 using Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Helpers;
 using Ryujinx.Ava.UI.ViewModels;
 using Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Windows;
@@ -10,6 +11,7 @@ using Ryujinx.Common;
 using Ryujinx.Common.Utilities;
 using Ryujinx.HLE.HOS;
 using Ryujinx.Modules;
+using Ryujinx.Ui.Common.Helper;
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.IO;
@@ -163,6 +165,32 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Views.Main
             }
         }
 
+        private async void InstallFileTypes_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
+        {
+            if (FileAssociationHelper.Install())
+            {
+                await ContentDialogHelper.CreateInfoDialog(LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.DialogInstallFileTypesSuccessMessage],
+                    string.Empty, LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.InputDialogOk], string.Empty, string.Empty);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                await ContentDialogHelper.CreateErrorDialog(LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.DialogInstallFileTypesErrorMessage]);
+            }
+        }
+
+        private async void UninstallFileTypes_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
+        {
+            if (FileAssociationHelper.Uninstall())
+            {
+                await ContentDialogHelper.CreateInfoDialog(LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.DialogUninstallFileTypesSuccessMessage],
+                    string.Empty, LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.InputDialogOk], string.Empty, string.Empty);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                await ContentDialogHelper.CreateErrorDialog(LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.DialogUninstallFileTypesErrorMessage]);
+            }
+        }
+
         public async void CheckForUpdates(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
         {
             if (Updater.CanUpdate(true))

Ryujinx.Ava/UI/Views/Settings/SettingsCPUView.axaml

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-<UserControl 
+<UserControl
     x:Class="Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Views.Settings.SettingsCPUView"
     xmlns="https://github.com/avaloniaui"
     xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
@@ -65,8 +65,14 @@
                             </ComboBoxItem>
                         </ComboBox>
                     </StackPanel>
+                    <CheckBox IsChecked="{Binding UseHypervisor}"
+                              IsVisible="{Binding IsHypervisorAvailable}"
+                              ToolTip.Tip="{locale:Locale UseHypervisorTooltip}">
+                        <TextBlock Text="{locale:Locale SettingsTabSystemUseHypervisor}"
+                                   ToolTip.Tip="{locale:Locale UseHypervisorTooltip}" />
+                    </CheckBox>
                 </StackPanel>
             </StackPanel>
         </Border>
     </ScrollViewer>
-</UserControl>
+</UserControl>

Ryujinx.Ava/UI/Views/Settings/SettingsGraphicsView.axaml

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
     xmlns:ui="clr-namespace:FluentAvalonia.UI.Controls;assembly=FluentAvalonia"
     xmlns:locale="clr-namespace:Ryujinx.Ava.Common.Locale"
     xmlns:viewModels="clr-namespace:Ryujinx.Ava.UI.ViewModels"
+    Design.Width="1000"
     mc:Ignorable="d"
     x:CompileBindings="True"
     x:DataType="viewModels:SettingsViewModel">
@@ -111,6 +112,83 @@
                             Minimum="0.1"
                             Value="{Binding CustomResolutionScale}" />
                     </StackPanel>
+                    <StackPanel
+                        HorizontalAlignment="Stretch"
+                        Orientation="Vertical"
+                        Spacing="10">
+                        <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
+                            <TextBlock VerticalAlignment="Center"
+                                       ToolTip.Tip="{locale:Locale GraphicsAATooltip}"
+                                       Text="{locale:Locale GraphicsAALabel}"
+                                       Width="250" />
+                            <ComboBox Width="350"
+                                      HorizontalContentAlignment="Left"
+                                      ToolTip.Tip="{locale:Locale GraphicsAATooltip}"
+                                      SelectedIndex="{Binding AntiAliasingEffect}">
+                                <ComboBoxItem>
+                                    <TextBlock Text="{locale:Locale SettingsTabLoggingGraphicsBackendLogLevelNone}" />
+                                </ComboBoxItem>
+                                <ComboBoxItem>
+                                    <TextBlock Text="FXAA" />
+                                </ComboBoxItem>
+                                <ComboBoxItem>
+                                    <TextBlock Text="{locale:Locale SmaaLow}" />
+                                </ComboBoxItem>
+                                <ComboBoxItem>
+                                    <TextBlock Text="{locale:Locale SmaaMedium}" />
+                                </ComboBoxItem>
+                                <ComboBoxItem>
+                                    <TextBlock Text="{locale:Locale SmaaHigh}" />
+                                </ComboBoxItem>
+                                <ComboBoxItem>
+                                    <TextBlock Text="{locale:Locale SmaaUltra}" />
+                                </ComboBoxItem>
+                            </ComboBox>
+                        </StackPanel>
+                    </StackPanel>
+                    <StackPanel
+                        HorizontalAlignment="Stretch"
+                        Orientation="Vertical"
+                        Spacing="10">
+                        <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
+                            <TextBlock VerticalAlignment="Center"
+                                       ToolTip.Tip="{locale:Locale GraphicsScalingFilterTooltip}"
+                                       Text="{locale:Locale GraphicsScalingFilterLabel}"
+                                       Width="250" />
+                            <ComboBox Width="350"
+                                      HorizontalContentAlignment="Left"
+                                      ToolTip.Tip="{locale:Locale GraphicsScalingFilterTooltip}"
+                                      SelectedIndex="{Binding ScalingFilter}">
+                                <ComboBoxItem>
+                                    <TextBlock Text="Bilinear" />
+                                </ComboBoxItem>
+                                <ComboBoxItem>
+                                    <TextBlock Text="Nearest" />
+                                </ComboBoxItem>
+                                <ComboBoxItem>
+                                    <TextBlock Text="FSR" />
+                                </ComboBoxItem>
+                            </ComboBox>
+                            <Slider Value="{Binding ScalingFilterLevel}"
+                                    ToolTip.Tip="{locale:Locale GraphicsScalingFilterLevelTooltip}"
+                                    MinWidth="150"
+                                    Margin="10,-3,0,0"
+                                    Height="32"
+                                    Padding="0,-5"
+                                    IsVisible="{Binding IsScalingFilterActive}"
+                                    TickFrequency="1"
+                                    IsSnapToTickEnabled="True"
+                                    LargeChange="10"
+                                    SmallChange="1"
+                                    VerticalAlignment="Center"
+                                    Minimum="0"
+                                    Maximum="100" />
+                            <TextBlock Margin="5,0"
+                                       Width="40"
+                                       IsVisible="{Binding IsScalingFilterActive}"
+                                       Text="{Binding ScalingFilterLevelText}"/>
+                        </StackPanel>
+                    </StackPanel>
                     <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
                         <TextBlock VerticalAlignment="Center"
                                    ToolTip.Tip="{locale:Locale AnisotropyTooltip}"

Ryujinx.Ava/UI/Views/User/UserEditorView.axaml.cs

@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@ using FluentAvalonia.UI.Controls;
 using FluentAvalonia.UI.Navigation;
 using Ryujinx.Ava.Common.Locale;
 using Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Controls;
-using Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Models;
 using Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Helpers;
+using Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Models;
 using Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Account.Acc;
 using System;
 using UserProfile = Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Models.UserProfile;

Ryujinx.Ava/UI/Views/User/UserSaveManagerView.axaml.cs

@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Views.User
 
             using var saveDataIterator = new UniqueRef<SaveDataIterator>();
 
-            _horizonClient.Fs.OpenSaveDataIterator(ref saveDataIterator.Ref(), SaveDataSpaceId.User, in saveDataFilter).ThrowIfFailure();
+            _horizonClient.Fs.OpenSaveDataIterator(ref saveDataIterator.Ref, SaveDataSpaceId.User, in saveDataFilter).ThrowIfFailure();
 
             Span<SaveDataInfo> saveDataInfo = stackalloc SaveDataInfo[10];
 

Ryujinx.Ava/UI/Windows/DownloadableContentManagerWindow.axaml

@@ -1,172 +1,194 @@
-<window:StyleableWindow
+<UserControl
     x:Class="Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Windows.DownloadableContentManagerWindow"
     xmlns="https://github.com/avaloniaui"
     xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
     xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
     xmlns:locale="clr-namespace:Ryujinx.Ava.Common.Locale"
     xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
-    xmlns:window="clr-namespace:Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Windows"
-    Width="800"
-    Height="500"
-    MinWidth="800"
-    MinHeight="500"
-    MaxWidth="800"
-    MaxHeight="500"
-    SizeToContent="Height"
-    WindowStartupLocation="CenterOwner"
+    xmlns:viewModels="clr-namespace:Ryujinx.Ava.UI.ViewModels"
+    xmlns:models="clr-namespace:Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Models"
+    xmlns:ui="clr-namespace:FluentAvalonia.UI.Controls;assembly=FluentAvalonia"
+    Width="500"
+    Height="380"
     mc:Ignorable="d"
+    x:CompileBindings="True"
+    x:DataType="viewModels:DownloadableContentManagerViewModel"
     Focusable="True">
-    <Grid Name="DownloadableContentGrid" Margin="15">
+    <Grid>
         <Grid.RowDefinitions>
-            <RowDefinition Height="Auto" />
-            <RowDefinition Height="Auto" />
             <RowDefinition Height="Auto" />
             <RowDefinition Height="*" />
             <RowDefinition Height="Auto" />
         </Grid.RowDefinitions>
-        <TextBlock
-            Name="Heading"
-            Grid.Row="1"
-            MaxWidth="500"
-            Margin="20,15,20,20"
-            HorizontalAlignment="Center"
-            VerticalAlignment="Center"
-            LineHeight="18"
-            TextAlignment="Center"
-            TextWrapping="Wrap" />
-        <DockPanel
-            Grid.Row="2"
-            Margin="0"
-            HorizontalAlignment="Left">
-            <Button
-                Name="EnableAllButton"
-                MinWidth="90"
-                Margin="5"
-                Command="{Binding EnableAll}">
-                <TextBlock Text="{locale:Locale DlcManagerEnableAllButton}" />
-            </Button>
-            <Button
-                Name="DisableAllButton"
-                MinWidth="90"
-                Margin="5"
-                Command="{Binding DisableAll}">
-                <TextBlock Text="{locale:Locale DlcManagerDisableAllButton}" />
-            </Button>
-        </DockPanel>
+        <Panel
+            Margin="0 0 0 10"
+            Grid.Row="0">
+            <Grid>
+                <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
+                    <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto" />
+                    <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto" />
+                    <ColumnDefinition Width="*" />
+                </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
+                <TextBlock
+                    Grid.Column="0"
+                    Text="{Binding UpdateCount}" />
+                <StackPanel
+                    Margin="10 0"
+                    Grid.Column="1"
+                    Orientation="Horizontal">
+                    <Button
+                        Name="EnableAllButton"
+                        MinWidth="90"
+                        Margin="5"
+                        Command="{ReflectionBinding EnableAll}">
+                        <TextBlock Text="{locale:Locale DlcManagerEnableAllButton}" />
+                    </Button>
+                    <Button
+                        Name="DisableAllButton"
+                        MinWidth="90"
+                        Margin="5"
+                        Command="{ReflectionBinding DisableAll}">
+                        <TextBlock Text="{locale:Locale DlcManagerDisableAllButton}" />
+                    </Button>
+                </StackPanel>
+                <TextBox
+                    Grid.Column="2"
+                    MinHeight="27"
+                    MaxHeight="27"
+                    HorizontalAlignment="Stretch"
+                    Watermark="{locale:Locale Search}"
+                    Text="{Binding Search}" />
+            </Grid>
+        </Panel>
         <Border
-            Grid.Row="3"
-            Margin="5"
+            Grid.Row="1"
+            Margin="0 0 0 24"
             HorizontalAlignment="Stretch"
             VerticalAlignment="Stretch"
-            BorderBrush="Gray"
-            BorderThickness="1">
-            <ScrollViewer
-                VerticalAlignment="Stretch"
-                HorizontalScrollBarVisibility="Auto"
-                VerticalScrollBarVisibility="Auto">
-                <DataGrid
-                    Name="DlcDataGrid"
-                    MinHeight="200"
-                    HorizontalAlignment="Stretch"
-                    VerticalAlignment="Stretch"
-                    CanUserReorderColumns="False"
-                    CanUserResizeColumns="True"
-                    CanUserSortColumns="True"
-                    HorizontalScrollBarVisibility="Auto"
-                    Items="{Binding _downloadableContents}"
-                    SelectionMode="Extended"
-                    VerticalScrollBarVisibility="Auto">
-                    <DataGrid.Styles>
-                        <Styles>
-                            <Style Selector="DataGridCell:nth-child(3), DataGridCell:nth-child(4)">
-                                <Setter Property="HorizontalAlignment" Value="Left" />
-                                <Setter Property="HorizontalContentAlignment" Value="Left" />
-                            </Style>
-                        </Styles>
-                        <Styles>
-                            <Style Selector="DataGridCell:nth-child(1)">
-                                <Setter Property="HorizontalAlignment" Value="Right" />
-                                <Setter Property="HorizontalContentAlignment" Value="Right" />
-                            </Style>
-                        </Styles>
-                    </DataGrid.Styles>
-                    <DataGrid.Columns>
-                        <DataGridTemplateColumn Width="90">
-                            <DataGridTemplateColumn.CellTemplate>
-                                <DataTemplate>
-                                    <CheckBox
-                                        Width="50"
-                                        MinWidth="40"
-                                        HorizontalAlignment="Center"
-                                        IsChecked="{Binding Enabled}" />
-                                </DataTemplate>
-                            </DataGridTemplateColumn.CellTemplate>
-                            <DataGridTemplateColumn.Header>
-                                <TextBlock Text="{locale:Locale DlcManagerTableHeadingEnabledLabel}" />
-                            </DataGridTemplateColumn.Header>
-                        </DataGridTemplateColumn>
-                        <DataGridTextColumn Width="140" Binding="{Binding TitleId}">
-                            <DataGridTextColumn.Header>
-                                <TextBlock Text="{locale:Locale DlcManagerTableHeadingTitleIdLabel}" />
-                            </DataGridTextColumn.Header>
-                        </DataGridTextColumn>
-                        <DataGridTextColumn Width="280" Binding="{Binding FullPath}">
-                            <DataGridTextColumn.Header>
-                                <TextBlock Text="{locale:Locale DlcManagerTableHeadingFullPathLabel}" />
-                            </DataGridTextColumn.Header>
-                        </DataGridTextColumn>
-                        <DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding ContainerPath}">
-                            <DataGridTextColumn.Header>
-                                <TextBlock Text="{locale:Locale DlcManagerTableHeadingContainerPathLabel}" />
-                            </DataGridTextColumn.Header>
-                        </DataGridTextColumn>
-                    </DataGrid.Columns>
-                </DataGrid>
-            </ScrollViewer>
+            BorderBrush="{DynamicResource AppListHoverBackgroundColor}"
+            BorderThickness="1"
+            CornerRadius="5"
+            Padding="2.5">
+            <ListBox
+                AutoScrollToSelectedItem="False"
+                VirtualizationMode="None"
+                SelectionMode="Multiple, Toggle"
+                Background="Transparent"
+                SelectionChanged="OnSelectionChanged"
+                SelectedItems="{Binding SelectedDownloadableContents, Mode=TwoWay}"
+                Items="{Binding Views}">
+                <ListBox.DataTemplates>
+                    <DataTemplate
+                        DataType="models:DownloadableContentModel">
+                        <Panel Margin="10">
+                            <Grid>
+                                <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
+                                    <ColumnDefinition Width="*" />
+                                    <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto" />
+                                </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
+                                <Grid
+                                    Grid.Column="0">
+                                    <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
+                                        <ColumnDefinition Width="*"></ColumnDefinition>
+                                        <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto"></ColumnDefinition>
+                                    </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
+                                    <TextBlock
+                                        Grid.Column="0"
+                                        HorizontalAlignment="Left"
+                                        VerticalAlignment="Center"
+                                        MaxLines="2"
+                                        TextWrapping="Wrap"
+                                        TextTrimming="CharacterEllipsis"
+                                        Text="{Binding FileName}" />
+                                    <TextBlock
+                                        Grid.Column="1"
+                                        Margin="10 0"
+                                        HorizontalAlignment="Left"
+                                        VerticalAlignment="Center"
+                                        Text="{Binding TitleId}" />
+                                </Grid>
+                                <StackPanel
+                                    Grid.Column="1"
+                                    Spacing="10"
+                                    Orientation="Horizontal"
+                                    HorizontalAlignment="Right">
+                                    <Button
+                                        VerticalAlignment="Center"
+                                        HorizontalAlignment="Right"
+                                        Padding="10"
+                                        MinWidth="0"
+                                        MinHeight="0"
+                                        Click="OpenLocation">
+                                        <ui:SymbolIcon
+                                            Symbol="OpenFolder"
+                                            HorizontalAlignment="Center"
+                                            VerticalAlignment="Center" />
+                                    </Button>
+                                    <Button
+                                        VerticalAlignment="Center"
+                                        HorizontalAlignment="Right"
+                                        Padding="10"
+                                        MinWidth="0"
+                                        MinHeight="0"
+                                        Click="RemoveDLC">
+                                        <ui:SymbolIcon
+                                            Symbol="Cancel"
+                                            HorizontalAlignment="Center"
+                                            VerticalAlignment="Center" />
+                                    </Button>
+                                </StackPanel>
+                            </Grid>
+                        </Panel>
+                    </DataTemplate>
+                </ListBox.DataTemplates>
+                <ListBox.Styles>
+                    <Style Selector="ListBoxItem">
+                        <Setter Property="Background" Value="Transparent" />
+                    </Style>
+                </ListBox.Styles>
+            </ListBox>
         </Border>
-        <DockPanel
-            Grid.Row="4"
-            Margin="0"
+        <Panel
+            Grid.Row="2"
             HorizontalAlignment="Stretch">
-            <DockPanel Margin="0" HorizontalAlignment="Left">
+            <StackPanel
+                Orientation="Horizontal"
+                Spacing="10"
+                HorizontalAlignment="Left">
                 <Button
                     Name="AddButton"
                     MinWidth="90"
                     Margin="5"
-                    Command="{Binding Add}">
+                    Command="{ReflectionBinding Add}">
                     <TextBlock Text="{locale:Locale SettingsTabGeneralAdd}" />
                 </Button>
-                <Button
-                    Name="RemoveButton"
-                    MinWidth="90"
-                    Margin="5"
-                    Command="{Binding RemoveSelected}">
-                    <TextBlock Text="{locale:Locale SettingsTabGeneralRemove}" />
-                </Button>
                 <Button
                     Name="RemoveAllButton"
                     MinWidth="90"
                     Margin="5"
-                    Command="{Binding RemoveAll}">
+                    Command="{ReflectionBinding RemoveAll}">
                     <TextBlock Text="{locale:Locale DlcManagerRemoveAllButton}" />
                 </Button>
-            </DockPanel>
-            <DockPanel Margin="0" HorizontalAlignment="Right">
+            </StackPanel>
+            <StackPanel
+                Orientation="Horizontal"
+                Spacing="10"
+                HorizontalAlignment="Right">
                 <Button
                     Name="SaveButton"
                     MinWidth="90"
                     Margin="5"
-                    Command="{Binding SaveAndClose}">
+                    Click="SaveAndClose">
                     <TextBlock Text="{locale:Locale SettingsButtonSave}" />
                 </Button>
                 <Button
                     Name="CancelButton"
                     MinWidth="90"
                     Margin="5"
-                    Command="{Binding Close}">
+                    Click="Close">
                     <TextBlock Text="{locale:Locale InputDialogCancel}" />
                 </Button>
-            </DockPanel>
-        </DockPanel>
+            </StackPanel>
+        </Panel>
     </Grid>
-</window:StyleableWindow>
+</UserControl>

Ryujinx.Ava/UI/Windows/DownloadableContentManagerWindow.axaml.cs

@@ -1,314 +1,115 @@
-using Avalonia.Collections;
 using Avalonia.Controls;
-using Avalonia.Threading;
-using LibHac.Common;
-using LibHac.Fs;
-using LibHac.Fs.Fsa;
-using LibHac.FsSystem;
-using LibHac.Tools.Fs;
-using LibHac.Tools.FsSystem;
-using LibHac.Tools.FsSystem.NcaUtils;
+using Avalonia.Interactivity;
+using Avalonia.Styling;
+using FluentAvalonia.UI.Controls;
 using Ryujinx.Ava.Common.Locale;
-using Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Controls;
 using Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Helpers;
 using Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Models;
-using Ryujinx.Common.Configuration;
-using Ryujinx.Common.Utilities;
+using Ryujinx.Ava.UI.ViewModels;
 using Ryujinx.HLE.FileSystem;
-using System;
-using System.Collections.Generic;
-using System.IO;
-using System.Linq;
-using System.Reactive.Linq;
-using System.Text;
+using Ryujinx.Ui.Common.Helper;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
-using Path = System.IO.Path;
+using Button = Avalonia.Controls.Button;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Windows
 {
-    public partial class DownloadableContentManagerWindow : StyleableWindow
+    public partial class DownloadableContentManagerWindow : UserControl
     {
-        private readonly List<DownloadableContentContainer> _downloadableContentContainerList;
-        private readonly string                             _downloadableContentJsonPath;
-
-        private VirtualFileSystem                      _virtualFileSystem    { get; }
-        private AvaloniaList<DownloadableContentModel> _downloadableContents { get; set; }
-
-        private ulong  _titleId   { get; }
-        private string _titleName { get; }
+        public DownloadableContentManagerViewModel ViewModel;
 
         public DownloadableContentManagerWindow()
         {
             DataContext = this;
 
             InitializeComponent();
-
-            Title = $"Ryujinx {Program.Version} - {LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.DlcWindowTitle]} - {_titleName} ({_titleId:X16})";
         }
 
         public DownloadableContentManagerWindow(VirtualFileSystem virtualFileSystem, ulong titleId, string titleName)
         {
-            _virtualFileSystem    = virtualFileSystem;
-            _downloadableContents = new AvaloniaList<DownloadableContentModel>();
-
-            _titleId   = titleId;
-            _titleName = titleName;
-
-            _downloadableContentJsonPath = Path.Combine(AppDataManager.GamesDirPath, titleId.ToString("x16"), "dlc.json");
-
-            try
-            {
-                _downloadableContentContainerList = JsonHelper.DeserializeFromFile<List<DownloadableContentContainer>>(_downloadableContentJsonPath);
-            }
-            catch
-            {
-                _downloadableContentContainerList = new List<DownloadableContentContainer>();
-            }
-
-            DataContext = this;
+            DataContext = ViewModel = new DownloadableContentManagerViewModel(virtualFileSystem, titleId, titleName);
 
             InitializeComponent();
-
-            RemoveButton.IsEnabled = false;
-
-            DlcDataGrid.SelectionChanged += DlcDataGrid_SelectionChanged;
-
-            Title = $"Ryujinx {Program.Version} - {LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.DlcWindowTitle]} - {_titleName} ({_titleId:X16})";
-
-            LoadDownloadableContents();
-            PrintHeading();
         }
 
-        private void DlcDataGrid_SelectionChanged(object sender, SelectionChangedEventArgs e)
+        public static async Task Show(VirtualFileSystem virtualFileSystem, ulong titleId, string titleName)
         {
-            RemoveButton.IsEnabled = (DlcDataGrid.SelectedItems.Count > 0);
-        }
-
-        private void PrintHeading()
-        {
-            Heading.Text = LocaleManager.Instance.UpdateAndGetDynamicValue(LocaleKeys.DlcWindowHeading, _downloadableContents.Count, _titleName, _titleId.ToString("X16"));
-        }
-
-        private void LoadDownloadableContents()
-        {
-            foreach (DownloadableContentContainer downloadableContentContainer in _downloadableContentContainerList)
+            ContentDialog contentDialog = new()
             {
-                if (File.Exists(downloadableContentContainer.ContainerPath))
-                {
-                    using FileStream containerFile = File.OpenRead(downloadableContentContainer.ContainerPath);
-
-                    PartitionFileSystem partitionFileSystem = new(containerFile.AsStorage());
-
-                    _virtualFileSystem.ImportTickets(partitionFileSystem);
-
-                    foreach (DownloadableContentNca downloadableContentNca in downloadableContentContainer.DownloadableContentNcaList)
-                    {
-                        using UniqueRef<IFile> ncaFile = new();
-
-                        partitionFileSystem.OpenFile(ref ncaFile.Ref(), downloadableContentNca.FullPath.ToU8Span(), OpenMode.Read).ThrowIfFailure();
-
-                        Nca nca = TryOpenNca(ncaFile.Get.AsStorage(), downloadableContentContainer.ContainerPath);
-                        if (nca != null)
-                        {
-                            _downloadableContents.Add(new DownloadableContentModel(nca.Header.TitleId.ToString("X16"),
-                                                                                   downloadableContentContainer.ContainerPath,
-                                                                                   downloadableContentNca.FullPath,
-                                                                                   downloadableContentNca.Enabled));
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-
-            // NOTE: Save the list again to remove leftovers.
-            Save();
-        }
-
-        private Nca TryOpenNca(IStorage ncaStorage, string containerPath)
-        {
-            try
-            {
-                return new Nca(_virtualFileSystem.KeySet, ncaStorage);
-            }
-            catch (Exception ex)
-            {
-                Dispatcher.UIThread.InvokeAsync(async () =>
-                {
-                    await ContentDialogHelper.CreateErrorDialog(LocaleManager.Instance.UpdateAndGetDynamicValue(LocaleKeys.DialogLoadNcaErrorMessage, ex.Message, containerPath));
-                });
-            }
-
-            return null;
-        }
-
-        private async Task AddDownloadableContent(string path)
-        {
-            if (!File.Exists(path) || _downloadableContents.FirstOrDefault(x => x.ContainerPath == path) != null)
-            {
-                return;
-            }
-
-            using FileStream containerFile = File.OpenRead(path);
-
-            PartitionFileSystem partitionFileSystem         = new(containerFile.AsStorage());
-            bool                containsDownloadableContent = false;
-
-            _virtualFileSystem.ImportTickets(partitionFileSystem);
-
-            foreach (DirectoryEntryEx fileEntry in partitionFileSystem.EnumerateEntries("/", "*.nca"))
-            {
-                using var ncaFile = new UniqueRef<IFile>();
-
-                partitionFileSystem.OpenFile(ref ncaFile.Ref(), fileEntry.FullPath.ToU8Span(), OpenMode.Read).ThrowIfFailure();
-
-                Nca nca = TryOpenNca(ncaFile.Get.AsStorage(), path);
-                if (nca == null)
-                {
-                    continue;
-                }
-
-                if (nca.Header.ContentType == NcaContentType.PublicData)
-                {
-                    if ((nca.Header.TitleId & 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFE000) != _titleId)
-                    {
-                        break;
-                    }
-
-                    _downloadableContents.Add(new DownloadableContentModel(nca.Header.TitleId.ToString("X16"), path, fileEntry.FullPath, true));
-
-                    containsDownloadableContent = true;
-                }
-            }
-
-            if (!containsDownloadableContent)
-            {
-                await ContentDialogHelper.CreateErrorDialog(LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.DialogDlcNoDlcErrorMessage]);
-            }
-        }
-
-        private void RemoveDownloadableContents(bool removeSelectedOnly = false)
-        {
-            if (removeSelectedOnly)
-            {
-                AvaloniaList<DownloadableContentModel> removedItems = new();
-
-                foreach (var item in DlcDataGrid.SelectedItems)
-                {
-                    removedItems.Add(item as DownloadableContentModel);
-                }
-
-                DlcDataGrid.SelectedItems.Clear();
-
-                foreach (var item in removedItems)
-                {
-                    _downloadableContents.RemoveAll(_downloadableContents.Where(x => x.TitleId == item.TitleId).ToList());
-                }
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                _downloadableContents.Clear();
-            }
-
-            PrintHeading();
-        }
-
-        public void RemoveSelected()
-        {
-            RemoveDownloadableContents(true);
-        }
-
-        public void RemoveAll()
-        {
-            RemoveDownloadableContents();
-        }
-
-        public void EnableAll()
-        {
-            foreach(var item in _downloadableContents)
-            {
-                item.Enabled = true;
-            }
-        }
-
-        public void DisableAll()
-        {
-            foreach (var item in _downloadableContents)
-            {
-                item.Enabled = false;
-            }
-        }
-
-        public async void Add()
-        {
-            OpenFileDialog dialog = new OpenFileDialog()
-            { 
-                Title         = LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.SelectDlcDialogTitle],
-                AllowMultiple = true
+                PrimaryButtonText   = "",
+                SecondaryButtonText = "",
+                CloseButtonText     = "",
+                Content             = new DownloadableContentManagerWindow(virtualFileSystem, titleId, titleName),
+                Title               = string.Format(LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.DlcWindowTitle], titleName, titleId.ToString("X16"))
             };
 
-            dialog.Filters.Add(new FileDialogFilter
-            {
-                Name       = "NSP",
-                Extensions = { "nsp" }
-            });
+            Style bottomBorder = new(x => x.OfType<Grid>().Name("DialogSpace").Child().OfType<Border>());
+            bottomBorder.Setters.Add(new Setter(IsVisibleProperty, false));
 
-            string[] files = await dialog.ShowAsync(this);
+            contentDialog.Styles.Add(bottomBorder);
 
-            if (files != null)
-            {
-                foreach (string file in files)
-                {
-                   await AddDownloadableContent(file);
-                }
-            }
-
-            PrintHeading();
+            await ContentDialogHelper.ShowAsync(contentDialog);
         }
 
-        public void Save()
+        private void SaveAndClose(object sender, RoutedEventArgs routedEventArgs)
         {
-            _downloadableContentContainerList.Clear();
+            ViewModel.Save();
+            ((ContentDialog)Parent).Hide();
+        }
 
-            DownloadableContentContainer container = default;
+        private void Close(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
+        {
+            ((ContentDialog)Parent).Hide();
+        }
 
-            foreach (DownloadableContentModel downloadableContent in _downloadableContents)
+        private void RemoveDLC(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
+        {
+            if (sender is Button button)
             {
-                if (container.ContainerPath != downloadableContent.ContainerPath)
+                if (button.DataContext is DownloadableContentModel model)
                 {
-                    if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(container.ContainerPath))
+                    ViewModel.Remove(model);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        private void OpenLocation(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
+        {
+            if (sender is Button button)
+            {
+                if (button.DataContext is DownloadableContentModel model)
+                {
+                    OpenHelper.LocateFile(model.ContainerPath);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        private void OnSelectionChanged(object sender, SelectionChangedEventArgs e)
+        {
+            foreach (var content in e.AddedItems)
+            {
+                if (content is DownloadableContentModel model)
+                {
+                    var index = ViewModel.DownloadableContents.IndexOf(model);
+
+                    if (index != -1)
                     {
-                        _downloadableContentContainerList.Add(container);
+                        ViewModel.DownloadableContents[index].Enabled = true;
                     }
-
-                    container = new DownloadableContentContainer
-                    {
-                        ContainerPath              = downloadableContent.ContainerPath,
-                        DownloadableContentNcaList = new List<DownloadableContentNca>()
-                    };
                 }
+            }
 
-                container.DownloadableContentNcaList.Add(new DownloadableContentNca
+            foreach (var content in e.RemovedItems)
+            {
+                if (content is DownloadableContentModel model)
                 {
-                    Enabled  = downloadableContent.Enabled,
-                    TitleId  = Convert.ToUInt64(downloadableContent.TitleId, 16),
-                    FullPath = downloadableContent.FullPath
-                });
-            }
+                    var index = ViewModel.DownloadableContents.IndexOf(model);
 
-            if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(container.ContainerPath))
-            {
-                _downloadableContentContainerList.Add(container);
+                    if (index != -1)
+                    {
+                        ViewModel.DownloadableContents[index].Enabled = false;
+                    }
+                }
             }
-
-            using (FileStream downloadableContentJsonStream = File.Create(_downloadableContentJsonPath, 4096, FileOptions.WriteThrough))
-            {
-                downloadableContentJsonStream.Write(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(JsonHelper.Serialize(_downloadableContentContainerList, true)));
-            }
-        }
-
-        public void SaveAndClose()
-        {
-            Save();
-            Close();
         }
     }
 }

Ryujinx.Ava/UI/Windows/IconColorPicker.cs

@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Windows
 
         public static Bgra32[] GetBuffer(Image<Bgra32> image)
         {
-            return image.TryGetSinglePixelSpan(out var data) ? data.ToArray() : new Bgra32[0];
+            return image.TryGetSinglePixelSpan(out var data) ? data.ToArray() : Array.Empty<Bgra32>();
         }
 
         private static int GetColorScore(Dictionary<int, int> dominantColorBin, int maxHitCount, PaletteColor color)

Ryujinx.Ava/UI/Windows/TitleUpdateWindow.axaml.cs

@@ -60,24 +60,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Windows
 
         public void Save(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
         {
-            ViewModel._titleUpdateWindowData.Paths.Clear();
-
-            ViewModel._titleUpdateWindowData.Selected = "";
-
-            foreach (TitleUpdateModel update in ViewModel.TitleUpdates)
-            {
-                ViewModel._titleUpdateWindowData.Paths.Add(update.Path);
-
-                if (update == ViewModel.SelectedUpdate)
-                {
-                    ViewModel._titleUpdateWindowData.Selected = update.Path;
-                }
-            }
-
-            using (FileStream titleUpdateJsonStream = File.Create(ViewModel._titleUpdateJsonPath, 4096, FileOptions.WriteThrough))
-            {
-                titleUpdateJsonStream.Write(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(JsonHelper.Serialize(ViewModel._titleUpdateWindowData, true)));
-            }
+            ViewModel.Save();
 
             if (VisualRoot is MainWindow window)
             {

Ryujinx.Common/Configuration/AntiAliasing.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+namespace Ryujinx.Common.Configuration
+{
+    public enum AntiAliasing
+    {
+        None,
+        Fxaa,
+        SmaaLow,
+        SmaaMedium,
+        SmaaHigh,
+        SmaaUltra
+    }
+}

Ryujinx.Common/Configuration/AppDataManager.cs

@@ -45,7 +45,15 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Common.Configuration
 
         public static void Initialize(string baseDirPath)
         {
-            string appDataPath = Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.ApplicationData);
+            string appDataPath;
+            if (OperatingSystem.IsMacOS())
+            {
+                appDataPath = Path.Combine(Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.Personal), "Library", "Application Support");
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                appDataPath = Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.ApplicationData);
+            }
 
             if (appDataPath.Length == 0)
             {
@@ -81,6 +89,21 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Common.Configuration
 
             BaseDirPath = Path.GetFullPath(BaseDirPath); // convert relative paths
 
+            // NOTE: Moves the Ryujinx folder in `~/.config` to `~/Library/Application Support` if one is found
+            // and a Ryujinx folder does not already exist in Application Support.
+            // Also creates a symlink from `~/.config/Ryujinx` to `~/Library/Application Support/Ryujinx` to preserve backwards compatibility.
+            // This should be removed in the future.
+            if (OperatingSystem.IsMacOS() && Mode == LaunchMode.UserProfile)
+            {
+                string oldConfigPath = Path.Combine(Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.ApplicationData), DefaultBaseDir);
+                if (Path.Exists(oldConfigPath) && !Path.Exists(BaseDirPath))
+                {
+                    CopyDirectory(oldConfigPath, BaseDirPath);
+                    Directory.Delete(oldConfigPath, true);
+                    Directory.CreateSymbolicLink(oldConfigPath, BaseDirPath);
+                }
+            }
+
             SetupBasePaths();
         }
 
@@ -92,6 +115,34 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Common.Configuration
             Directory.CreateDirectory(KeysDirPath = Path.Combine(BaseDirPath, KeysDir));
         }
 
+        private static void CopyDirectory(string sourceDir, string destinationDir)
+        {
+            var dir = new DirectoryInfo(sourceDir);
+
+            if (!dir.Exists)
+            {
+                throw new DirectoryNotFoundException($"Source directory not found: {dir.FullName}");
+            }
+
+            DirectoryInfo[] subDirs = dir.GetDirectories();
+            Directory.CreateDirectory(destinationDir);
+
+            foreach (FileInfo file in dir.GetFiles())
+            {
+                if (file.Name == ".DS_Store")
+                {
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                file.CopyTo(Path.Combine(destinationDir, file.Name));
+            }
+
+            foreach (DirectoryInfo subDir in subDirs)
+            {
+                CopyDirectory(subDir.FullName, Path.Combine(destinationDir, subDir.Name));
+            }
+        }
+
         public static string GetModsPath()   => CustomModsPath ?? Directory.CreateDirectory(Path.Combine(BaseDirPath, DefaultModsDir)).FullName;
         public static string GetSdModsPath() => CustomSdModsPath ?? Directory.CreateDirectory(Path.Combine(BaseDirPath, DefaultSdcardDir, "atmosphere")).FullName;
     }

Ryujinx.Common/Configuration/ScalingFilter.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+namespace Ryujinx.Common.Configuration
+{
+    public enum ScalingFilter
+    {
+        Bilinear,
+        Nearest,
+        Fsr
+    }
+}

Ryujinx.Common/Logging/Logger.cs

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+using Ryujinx.Common.SystemInterop;
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Diagnostics;
@@ -14,6 +15,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Common.Logging
 
         private static readonly List<ILogTarget> m_LogTargets;
 
+        private static readonly StdErrAdapter _stdErrAdapter;
+
         public static event EventHandler<LogEventArgs> Updated;
 
         public readonly struct Log
@@ -77,7 +80,13 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Common.Logging
                 {
                     Updated?.Invoke(null, new LogEventArgs(Level, m_Time.Elapsed, Thread.CurrentThread.Name, FormatMessage(logClass, caller, "Stubbed. " + message), data));
                 }
-            }            
+            }
+
+            [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
+            public void PrintRawMsg(string message)
+            {
+                Updated?.Invoke(null, new LogEventArgs(Level, m_Time.Elapsed, Thread.CurrentThread.Name, message));
+            }
 
             [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
             private static string FormatMessage(LogClass Class, string Caller, string Message) => $"{Class} {Caller}: {Message}";
@@ -119,6 +128,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Common.Logging
             Warning = new Log(LogLevel.Warning);
             Info = new Log(LogLevel.Info);
             Trace = new Log(LogLevel.Trace);
+
+            _stdErrAdapter = new StdErrAdapter();
         }
 
         public static void RestartTime()
@@ -164,6 +175,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Common.Logging
         {
             Updated = null;
 
+            _stdErrAdapter.Dispose();
+
             foreach (var target in m_LogTargets)
             {
                 target.Dispose();

Ryujinx.Common/ReleaseInformation.cs

@@ -40,14 +40,21 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Common
             }
         }
 
+#if FORCE_EXTERNAL_BASE_DIR
         public static string GetBaseApplicationDirectory()
         {
-            if (IsFlatHubBuild())
+            return AppDataManager.BaseDirPath;
+        }
+#else
+        public static string GetBaseApplicationDirectory()
+        {
+            if (IsFlatHubBuild() || OperatingSystem.IsMacOS())
             {
                 return AppDataManager.BaseDirPath;
             }
 
             return AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory;
         }
+#endif
     }
 }

Ryujinx.Common/Ryujinx.Common.csproj

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
   <PropertyGroup>
     <TargetFramework>net7.0</TargetFramework>
     <AllowUnsafeBlocks>true</AllowUnsafeBlocks>
+    <DefineConstants Condition=" '$(ExtraDefineConstants)' != '' ">$(DefineConstants);$(ExtraDefineConstants)</DefineConstants>
   </PropertyGroup>
 
   <ItemGroup>

Ryujinx.Common/SystemInfo/LinuxSystemInfo.cs

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
+using Ryujinx.Common.Logging;
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Globalization;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Runtime.Versioning;
-using Ryujinx.Common.Logging;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Common.SystemInfo
 {

Ryujinx.Common/SystemInfo/MacOSSystemInfo.cs

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
+using Ryujinx.Common.Logging;
 using System;
 using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
 using System.Runtime.Versioning;
 using System.Text;
-using Ryujinx.Common.Logging;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Common.SystemInfo
 {

Ryujinx.Common/SystemInfo/SystemInfo.cs

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-using System;
+using Ryujinx.Common.Logging;
+using System;
 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
 using System.Runtime.Intrinsics.X86;
 using System.Text;
-using Ryujinx.Common.Logging;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Common.SystemInfo
 {

Ryujinx.Common/SystemInfo/WindowsSystemInfo.cs

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
+using Ryujinx.Common.Logging;
 using System;
 using System.Management;
 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
 using System.Runtime.Versioning;
-using Ryujinx.Common.Logging;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Common.SystemInfo
 {

Ryujinx.Common/SystemInterop/StdErrAdapter.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+using Ryujinx.Common.Logging;
+using System;
+using System.IO;
+using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
+using System.Runtime.Versioning;
+using System.Threading;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Common.SystemInterop
+{
+    public partial class StdErrAdapter : IDisposable
+    {
+        private bool _disposable = false;
+        private UnixStream _pipeReader;
+        private UnixStream _pipeWriter;
+        private Thread _worker;
+
+        public StdErrAdapter()
+        {
+            if (OperatingSystem.IsLinux() || OperatingSystem.IsMacOS())
+            {
+                RegisterPosix();
+            }
+        }
+
+        [SupportedOSPlatform("linux")]
+        [SupportedOSPlatform("macos")]
+        private void RegisterPosix()
+        {
+            const int stdErrFileno = 2;
+
+            (int readFd, int writeFd) = MakePipe();
+            dup2(writeFd, stdErrFileno);
+
+            _pipeReader = new UnixStream(readFd);
+            _pipeWriter = new UnixStream(writeFd);
+
+            _worker = new Thread(EventWorker);
+            _disposable = true;
+            _worker.Start();
+        }
+
+        [SupportedOSPlatform("linux")]
+        [SupportedOSPlatform("macos")]
+        private void EventWorker()
+        {
+            TextReader reader = new StreamReader(_pipeReader);
+            string line;
+            while ((line = reader.ReadLine()) != null)
+            {
+                Logger.Error?.PrintRawMsg(line);
+            }
+        }
+
+        private void Dispose(bool disposing)
+        {
+            if (_disposable)
+            {
+                if (OperatingSystem.IsLinux() || OperatingSystem.IsMacOS())
+                {
+                    _pipeReader?.Close();
+                    _pipeWriter?.Close();
+                }
+
+                _disposable = false;
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void Dispose()
+        {
+            Dispose(true);
+        }
+
+        [LibraryImport("libc", SetLastError = true)]
+        private static partial int dup2(int fd, int fd2);
+
+        [LibraryImport("libc", SetLastError = true)]
+        private static unsafe partial int pipe(int* pipefd);
+
+        private static unsafe (int, int) MakePipe()
+        {
+            int *pipefd = stackalloc int[2];
+
+            if (pipe(pipefd) == 0)
+            {
+                return (pipefd[0], pipefd[1]);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                throw new();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

Ryujinx.Common/SystemInterop/UnixStream.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+using System;
+using System.IO;
+using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
+using System.Runtime.Versioning;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Common.SystemInterop
+{
+    [SupportedOSPlatform("linux")]
+    [SupportedOSPlatform("macos")]
+    public partial class UnixStream : Stream, IDisposable
+    {
+        private const int InvalidFd = -1;
+
+        private int _fd;
+
+        [LibraryImport("libc", SetLastError = true)]
+        private static partial long read(int fd, IntPtr buf, ulong count);
+
+        [LibraryImport("libc", SetLastError = true)]
+        private static partial long write(int fd, IntPtr buf, ulong count);
+
+        [LibraryImport("libc", SetLastError = true)]
+        private static partial int close(int fd);
+
+        public UnixStream(int fd)
+        {
+            if (InvalidFd == fd)
+            {
+                throw new ArgumentException("Invalid file descriptor");
+            }
+
+            _fd = fd;
+            
+            CanRead = read(fd, IntPtr.Zero, 0) != -1;
+            CanWrite = write(fd, IntPtr.Zero, 0) != -1;  
+        }
+
+        ~UnixStream()
+        {
+            Close();
+        }
+
+        public override bool CanRead { get; }
+        public override bool CanWrite { get; }
+        public override bool CanSeek => false;
+
+        public override long Length => throw new NotSupportedException();
+
+        public override long Position
+        {
+            get => throw new NotSupportedException();
+            set => throw new NotSupportedException();
+        }
+
+        public override void Flush()
+        {
+        }
+
+        public override unsafe int Read([In, Out] byte[] buffer, int offset, int count)
+        {
+            if (offset < 0 || offset > (buffer.Length - count) || count < 0)
+            {
+                throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException();
+            }
+
+            if (buffer.Length == 0)
+            {
+                return 0;
+            }
+
+            long r = 0;
+            fixed (byte* buf = &buffer[offset])
+            {
+                do
+                {
+                    r = read(_fd, (IntPtr)buf, (ulong)count);
+                } while (ShouldRetry(r));
+            }
+
+            return (int)r;
+        }
+        
+        public override unsafe void Write(byte[] buffer, int offset, int count)
+        {
+            if (offset < 0 || offset > (buffer.Length - count) || count < 0)
+            {
+                throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException();
+            }
+
+            if (buffer.Length == 0)
+            {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            fixed (byte* buf = &buffer[offset])
+            {
+                long r = 0;
+                do {
+                    r = write(_fd, (IntPtr)buf, (ulong)count);
+                } while (ShouldRetry(r));
+            }
+        }
+
+        public override long Seek(long offset, SeekOrigin origin)
+        {
+            throw new NotSupportedException();
+        }
+
+        public override void SetLength(long value)
+        {
+            throw new NotSupportedException();
+        }
+
+        public override void Close()
+        {
+            if (_fd == InvalidFd)
+            {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            Flush();
+
+            int r;
+            do {
+                r = close(_fd);
+            } while (ShouldRetry(r));
+
+            _fd = InvalidFd;
+        }
+
+        void IDisposable.Dispose()
+        {
+            Close();
+        }
+
+        private bool ShouldRetry(long r)
+        {
+            if (r == -1)
+            {
+                const int eintr = 4;
+
+                int errno = Marshal.GetLastPInvokeError();
+
+                if (errno == eintr)
+                {
+                    return true;
+                }
+
+                throw new SystemException($"Operation failed with error 0x{errno:X}");
+            }
+
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+}

Ryujinx.Cpu/AppleHv/Arm/ApFlags.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.AppleHv.Arm
+{
+    enum ApFlags : ulong
+    {
+        ApShift = 6,
+        PxnShift = 53,
+        UxnShift = 54,
+
+        UserExecuteKernelReadWriteExecute = (0UL << (int)ApShift),
+        UserReadWriteExecuteKernelReadWrite = (1UL << (int)ApShift),
+        UserExecuteKernelReadExecute = (2UL << (int)ApShift),
+        UserReadExecuteKernelReadExecute = (3UL << (int)ApShift),
+
+        UserExecuteKernelReadWrite = (1UL << (int)PxnShift) | (0UL << (int)ApShift),
+        UserExecuteKernelRead = (1UL << (int)PxnShift) | (2UL << (int)ApShift),
+        UserReadExecuteKernelRead = (1UL << (int)PxnShift) | (3UL << (int)ApShift),
+
+        UserNoneKernelReadWriteExecute = (1UL << (int)UxnShift) | (0UL << (int)ApShift),
+        UserReadWriteKernelReadWrite = (1UL << (int)UxnShift) | (1UL << (int)ApShift),
+        UserNoneKernelReadExecute = (1UL << (int)UxnShift) | (2UL << (int)ApShift),
+        UserReadKernelReadExecute = (1UL << (int)UxnShift) | (3UL << (int)ApShift),
+
+        UserNoneKernelReadWrite = (1UL << (int)PxnShift) | (1UL << (int)UxnShift) | (0UL << (int)ApShift),
+        UserNoneKernelRead = (1UL << (int)PxnShift) | (1UL << (int)UxnShift) | (2UL << (int)ApShift),
+        UserReadKernelRead = (1UL << (int)PxnShift) | (1UL << (int)UxnShift) | (3UL << (int)ApShift)
+    }
+}

Ryujinx.Cpu/AppleHv/Arm/ExceptionClass.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.AppleHv.Arm
+{
+    enum ExceptionClass
+    {
+        Unknown = 0b000000,
+        TrappedWfeWfiWfetWfit = 0b000001,
+        TrappedMcrMrcCp15 = 0b000011,
+        TrappedMcrrMrrcCp15 = 0b000100,
+        TrappedMcrMrcCp14 = 0b000101,
+        TrappedLdcStc = 0b000110,
+        TrappedSveFpSimd = 0b000111,
+        TrappedVmrs = 0b001000,
+        TrappedPAuth = 0b001001,
+        TrappedLd64bSt64bSt64bvSt64bv0 = 0b001010,
+        TrappedMrrcCp14 = 0b001100,
+        IllegalExecutionState = 0b001110,
+        SvcAarch32 = 0b010001,
+        HvcAarch32 = 0b010010,
+        SmcAarch32 = 0b010011,
+        SvcAarch64 = 0b010101,
+        HvcAarch64 = 0b010110,
+        SmcAarch64 = 0b010111,
+        TrappedMsrMrsSystem = 0b011000,
+        TrappedSve = 0b011001,
+        TrappedEretEretaaEretab = 0b011010,
+        PointerAuthenticationFailure = 0b011100,
+        ImplementationDefinedEl3 = 0b011111,
+        InstructionAbortLowerEl = 0b100000,
+        InstructionAbortSameEl = 0b100001,
+        PcAlignmentFault = 0b100010,
+        DataAbortLowerEl = 0b100100,
+        DataAbortSameEl = 0b100101,
+        SpAlignmentFault = 0b100110,
+        TrappedFpExceptionAarch32 = 0b101000,
+        TrappedFpExceptionAarch64 = 0b101100,
+        SErrorInterrupt = 0b101111,
+        BreakpointLowerEl = 0b110000,
+        BreakpointSameEl = 0b110001,
+        SoftwareStepLowerEl = 0b110010,
+        SoftwareStepSameEl = 0b110011,
+        WatchpointLowerEl = 0b110100,
+        WatchpointSameEl = 0b110101,
+        BkptAarch32 = 0b111000,
+        VectorCatchAarch32 = 0b111010,
+        BrkAarch64 = 0b111100
+    }
+}

Ryujinx.Cpu/AppleHv/DummyDiskCacheLoadState.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+using System;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.AppleHv
+{
+    public class DummyDiskCacheLoadState : IDiskCacheLoadState
+    {
+#pragma warning disable CS0067
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        public event Action<LoadState, int, int> StateChanged;
+#pragma warning restore CS0067
+
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        public void Cancel()
+        {
+        }
+    }
+}

Ryujinx.Cpu/AppleHv/HvAddressSpace.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+using Ryujinx.Cpu.AppleHv.Arm;
+using Ryujinx.Memory;
+using System;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.AppleHv
+{
+    class HvAddressSpace : IDisposable
+    {
+        private const ulong KernelRegionBase = unchecked((ulong)-(1L << 39));
+        private const ulong KernelRegionCodeOffset = 0UL;
+        private const ulong KernelRegionCodeSize = 0x2000UL;
+        private const ulong KernelRegionTlbiEretOffset = KernelRegionCodeOffset + 0x1000UL;
+        private const ulong KernelRegionEretOffset = KernelRegionTlbiEretOffset + 4UL;
+
+        public const ulong KernelRegionEretAddress = KernelRegionBase + KernelRegionEretOffset;
+        public const ulong KernelRegionTlbiEretAddress = KernelRegionBase + KernelRegionTlbiEretOffset;
+
+        private const ulong AllocationGranule = 1UL << 14;
+
+        private readonly ulong _asBase;
+        private readonly ulong _asSize;
+        private readonly ulong _backingSize;
+
+        private readonly HvAddressSpaceRange _userRange;
+        private readonly HvAddressSpaceRange _kernelRange;
+
+        private MemoryBlock _kernelCodeBlock;
+
+        public HvAddressSpace(MemoryBlock backingMemory, ulong asSize)
+        {
+            (_asBase, var ipaAllocator) = HvVm.CreateAddressSpace(backingMemory);
+            _asSize = asSize;
+            _backingSize = backingMemory.Size;
+
+            _userRange = new HvAddressSpaceRange(ipaAllocator);
+            _kernelRange = new HvAddressSpaceRange(ipaAllocator);
+
+            _kernelCodeBlock = new MemoryBlock(AllocationGranule);
+
+            InitializeKernelCode(ipaAllocator);
+        }
+
+        private void InitializeKernelCode(HvIpaAllocator ipaAllocator)
+        {
+            // Write exception handlers.
+            for (ulong offset = 0; offset < 0x800; offset += 0x80)
+            {
+                // Offsets:
+                // 0x0: Synchronous
+                // 0x80: IRQ
+                // 0x100: FIQ
+                // 0x180: SError
+                _kernelCodeBlock.Write(KernelRegionCodeOffset + offset, 0xD41FFFE2u); // HVC #0xFFFF
+                _kernelCodeBlock.Write(KernelRegionCodeOffset + offset + 4, 0xD69F03E0u); // ERET
+            }
+
+            _kernelCodeBlock.Write(KernelRegionTlbiEretOffset, 0xD508831Fu); // TLBI VMALLE1IS
+            _kernelCodeBlock.Write(KernelRegionEretOffset, 0xD69F03E0u); // ERET
+
+            ulong kernelCodePa = ipaAllocator.Allocate(AllocationGranule);
+            HvApi.hv_vm_map((ulong)_kernelCodeBlock.Pointer, kernelCodePa, AllocationGranule, hv_memory_flags_t.HV_MEMORY_READ | hv_memory_flags_t.HV_MEMORY_EXEC).ThrowOnError();
+
+            _kernelRange.Map(KernelRegionCodeOffset, kernelCodePa, KernelRegionCodeSize, ApFlags.UserNoneKernelReadExecute);
+        }
+
+        public void InitializeMmu(ulong vcpu)
+        {
+            HvApi.hv_vcpu_set_sys_reg(vcpu, hv_sys_reg_t.HV_SYS_REG_VBAR_EL1, KernelRegionBase + KernelRegionCodeOffset);
+
+            HvApi.hv_vcpu_set_sys_reg(vcpu, hv_sys_reg_t.HV_SYS_REG_TTBR0_EL1, _userRange.GetIpaBase());
+            HvApi.hv_vcpu_set_sys_reg(vcpu, hv_sys_reg_t.HV_SYS_REG_TTBR1_EL1, _kernelRange.GetIpaBase());
+            HvApi.hv_vcpu_set_sys_reg(vcpu, hv_sys_reg_t.HV_SYS_REG_MAIR_EL1, 0xffUL);
+            HvApi.hv_vcpu_set_sys_reg(vcpu, hv_sys_reg_t.HV_SYS_REG_TCR_EL1, 0x00000011B5193519UL);
+            HvApi.hv_vcpu_set_sys_reg(vcpu, hv_sys_reg_t.HV_SYS_REG_SCTLR_EL1, 0x0000000034D5D925UL);
+        }
+
+        public bool GetAndClearUserTlbInvalidationPending()
+        {
+            return _userRange.GetAndClearTlbInvalidationPending();
+        }
+
+        public void MapUser(ulong va, ulong pa, ulong size, MemoryPermission permission)
+        {
+            pa += _asBase;
+
+            lock (_userRange)
+            {
+                _userRange.Map(va, pa, size, GetApFlags(permission));
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void UnmapUser(ulong va, ulong size)
+        {
+            lock (_userRange)
+            {
+                _userRange.Unmap(va, size);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void ReprotectUser(ulong va, ulong size, MemoryPermission permission)
+        {
+            lock (_userRange)
+            {
+                _userRange.Reprotect(va, size, GetApFlags(permission));
+            }
+        }
+
+        private static ApFlags GetApFlags(MemoryPermission permission)
+        {
+            return permission switch
+            {
+                MemoryPermission.None => ApFlags.UserNoneKernelRead,
+                MemoryPermission.Execute => ApFlags.UserExecuteKernelRead,
+                MemoryPermission.Read => ApFlags.UserReadKernelRead,
+                MemoryPermission.ReadAndWrite => ApFlags.UserReadWriteKernelReadWrite,
+                MemoryPermission.ReadAndExecute => ApFlags.UserReadExecuteKernelRead,
+                MemoryPermission.ReadWriteExecute => ApFlags.UserReadWriteExecuteKernelReadWrite,
+                _ => throw new ArgumentException($"Permission \"{permission}\" is invalid.")
+            };
+        }
+
+        public void Dispose()
+        {
+            _userRange.Dispose();
+            _kernelRange.Dispose();
+            HvVm.DestroyAddressSpace(_asBase, _backingSize);
+        }
+    }
+}

Ryujinx.Cpu/AppleHv/HvAddressSpaceRange.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,370 @@
+using Ryujinx.Cpu.AppleHv.Arm;
+using System;
+using System.Diagnostics;
+using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
+using System.Threading;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.AppleHv
+{
+    class HvAddressSpaceRange : IDisposable
+    {
+        private const ulong AllocationGranule = 1UL << 14;
+
+        private const ulong AttributesMask = (0x3ffUL << 2) | (0x3fffUL << 50);
+
+        private const ulong BaseAttributes = (1UL << 10) | (3UL << 8); // Access flag set, inner shareable.
+
+        private const int LevelBits = 9;
+        private const int LevelCount = 1 << LevelBits;
+        private const int LevelMask = LevelCount - 1;
+        private const int PageBits = 12;
+        private const int PageSize = 1 << PageBits;
+        private const int PageMask = PageSize - 1;
+        private const int AllLevelsMask = PageMask | (LevelMask << PageBits) | (LevelMask << (PageBits + LevelBits));
+
+        private class PtLevel
+        {
+            public ulong Address => Allocation.Ipa + Allocation.Offset;
+            public int EntriesCount;
+            public readonly HvMemoryBlockAllocation Allocation;
+            public readonly PtLevel[] Next;
+
+            public PtLevel(HvMemoryBlockAllocator blockAllocator, int count, bool hasNext)
+            {
+                ulong size = (ulong)count * sizeof(ulong);
+                Allocation = blockAllocator.Allocate(size, PageSize);
+
+                AsSpan().Fill(0UL);
+
+                if (hasNext)
+                {
+                    Next = new PtLevel[count];
+                }
+            }
+
+            public unsafe Span<ulong> AsSpan()
+            {
+                return MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, ulong>(Allocation.Memory.GetSpan(Allocation.Offset, (int)Allocation.Size));
+            }
+        }
+
+        private PtLevel _level0;
+
+        private int _tlbInvalidationPending;
+
+        private readonly HvIpaAllocator _ipaAllocator;
+        private readonly HvMemoryBlockAllocator _blockAllocator;
+
+        public HvAddressSpaceRange(HvIpaAllocator ipaAllocator)
+        {
+            _ipaAllocator = ipaAllocator;
+            _blockAllocator = new HvMemoryBlockAllocator(ipaAllocator, (int)AllocationGranule);
+        }
+
+        public ulong GetIpaBase()
+        {
+            return EnsureLevel0().Address;
+        }
+
+        public bool GetAndClearTlbInvalidationPending()
+        {
+            return Interlocked.Exchange(ref _tlbInvalidationPending, 0) != 0;
+        }
+
+        public void Map(ulong va, ulong pa, ulong size, ApFlags accessPermission)
+        {
+            MapImpl(va, pa, size, (ulong)accessPermission | BaseAttributes);
+        }
+
+        public void Unmap(ulong va, ulong size)
+        {
+            UnmapImpl(EnsureLevel0(), 0, va, size);
+            Interlocked.Exchange(ref _tlbInvalidationPending, 1);
+        }
+
+        public void Reprotect(ulong va, ulong size, ApFlags accessPermission)
+        {
+            UpdateAttributes(va, size, (ulong)accessPermission | BaseAttributes);
+        }
+
+        private void MapImpl(ulong va, ulong pa, ulong size, ulong attr)
+        {
+            PtLevel level0 = EnsureLevel0();
+
+            ulong endVa = va + size;
+
+            while (va < endVa)
+            {
+                (ulong mapSize, int depth) = GetMapSizeAndDepth(va, pa, endVa);
+
+                PtLevel currentLevel = level0;
+
+                for (int i = 0; i < depth; i++)
+                {
+                    int l = (int)(va >> (PageBits + (2 - i) * LevelBits)) & LevelMask;
+                    EnsureTable(currentLevel, l, i == 0);
+                    currentLevel = currentLevel.Next[l];
+                }
+
+                (ulong blockSize, int blockShift) = GetBlockSizeAndShift(depth);
+
+                for (ulong i = 0; i < mapSize; i += blockSize)
+                {
+                    if ((va >> blockShift) << blockShift != va ||
+                        (pa >> blockShift) << blockShift != pa)
+                    {
+                        Debug.Fail($"Block size 0x{blockSize:X} (log2: {blockShift}) is invalid for VA 0x{va:X} or PA 0x{pa:X}.");
+                    }
+
+                    WriteBlock(currentLevel, (int)(va >> blockShift) & LevelMask, depth, pa, attr);
+
+                    va += blockSize;
+                    pa += blockSize;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        private void UnmapImpl(PtLevel level, int depth, ulong va, ulong size)
+        {
+            ulong endVa = (va + size + PageMask) & ~((ulong)PageMask);
+            va &= ~((ulong)PageMask);
+
+            (ulong blockSize, int blockShift) = GetBlockSizeAndShift(depth);
+
+            while (va < endVa)
+            {
+                ulong nextEntryVa = GetNextAddress(va, blockSize);
+                ulong chunckSize = Math.Min(endVa - va, nextEntryVa - va);
+
+                int l = (int)(va >> (PageBits + (2 - depth) * LevelBits)) & LevelMask;
+
+                PtLevel nextTable = level.Next != null ? level.Next[l] : null;
+
+                if (nextTable != null)
+                {
+                    // Entry is a table, visit it and update attributes as required.
+                    UnmapImpl(nextTable, depth + 1, va, chunckSize);
+                }
+                else if (chunckSize != blockSize)
+                {
+                    // Entry is a block but is not aligned, we need to turn it into a table.
+                    ref ulong pte = ref level.AsSpan()[l];
+                    nextTable = CreateTable(pte, depth + 1);
+                    level.Next[l] = nextTable;
+
+                    // Now that we have a table, we can handle it like the first case.
+                    UnmapImpl(nextTable, depth + 1, va, chunckSize);
+
+                    // Update PTE to point to the new table.
+                    pte = (nextTable.Address & ~(ulong)PageMask) | 3UL;
+                }
+
+                // If entry is a block, or if entry is a table but it is empty, we can remove it.
+                if (nextTable == null || nextTable.EntriesCount == 0)
+                {
+                    // Entry is a block and is fully aligned, so we can just set it to 0.
+                    if (nextTable != null)
+                    {
+                        nextTable.Allocation.Dispose();
+                        level.Next[l] = null;
+                    }
+
+                    level.AsSpan()[l] = 0UL;
+                    level.EntriesCount--;
+                    ValidateEntriesCount(level.EntriesCount);
+                }
+
+                va += chunckSize;
+            }
+        }
+
+        private void UpdateAttributes(ulong va, ulong size, ulong newAttr)
+        {
+            UpdateAttributes(EnsureLevel0(), 0, va, size, newAttr);
+
+            Interlocked.Exchange(ref _tlbInvalidationPending, 1);
+        }
+
+        private void UpdateAttributes(PtLevel level, int depth, ulong va, ulong size, ulong newAttr)
+        {
+            ulong endVa = (va + size + PageSize - 1) & ~((ulong)PageSize - 1);
+            va &= ~((ulong)PageSize - 1);
+
+            (ulong blockSize, int blockShift) = GetBlockSizeAndShift(depth);
+
+            while (va < endVa)
+            {
+                ulong nextEntryVa = GetNextAddress(va, blockSize);
+                ulong chunckSize = Math.Min(endVa - va, nextEntryVa - va);
+
+                int l = (int)(va >> (PageBits + (2 - depth) * LevelBits)) & LevelMask;
+
+                ref ulong pte = ref level.AsSpan()[l];
+
+                // First check if the region is mapped.
+                if ((pte & 3) != 0)
+                {
+                    PtLevel nextTable = level.Next != null ? level.Next[l] : null;
+
+                    if (nextTable != null)
+                    {
+                        // Entry is a table, visit it and update attributes as required.
+                        UpdateAttributes(nextTable, depth + 1, va, chunckSize, newAttr);
+                    }
+                    else if (chunckSize != blockSize)
+                    {
+                        // Entry is a block but is not aligned, we need to turn it into a table.
+                        nextTable = CreateTable(pte, depth + 1);
+                        level.Next[l] = nextTable;
+
+                        // Now that we have a table, we can handle it like the first case.
+                        UpdateAttributes(nextTable, depth + 1, va, chunckSize, newAttr);
+
+                        // Update PTE to point to the new table.
+                        pte = (nextTable.Address & ~(ulong)PageMask) | 3UL;
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        // Entry is a block and is fully aligned, so we can just update the attributes.
+                        // Update PTE with the new attributes.
+                        pte = (pte & ~AttributesMask) | newAttr;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                va += chunckSize;
+            }
+        }
+
+        private PtLevel CreateTable(ulong pte, int depth)
+        {
+            pte &= ~3UL;
+            pte |= (depth == 2 ? 3UL : 1UL);
+
+            PtLevel level = new PtLevel(_blockAllocator, LevelCount, depth < 2);
+            Span<ulong> currentLevel = level.AsSpan();
+
+            (ulong blockSize, int blockShift) = GetBlockSizeAndShift(depth);
+
+            // Fill in the blocks.
+            for (int i = 0; i < LevelCount; i++)
+            {
+                ulong offset = (ulong)i << blockShift;
+                currentLevel[i] = pte + offset;
+            }
+
+            level.EntriesCount = LevelCount;
+
+            return level;
+        }
+
+        private static (ulong, int) GetBlockSizeAndShift(int depth)
+        {
+            int blockShift = PageBits + (2 - depth) * LevelBits;
+            ulong blockSize = 1UL << blockShift;
+
+            return (blockSize, blockShift);
+        }
+
+        private static (ulong, int) GetMapSizeAndDepth(ulong va, ulong pa, ulong endVa)
+        {
+            // Both virtual and physical addresses must be aligned to the block size.
+            ulong combinedAddress = va | pa;
+
+            ulong l0Alignment = 1UL << (PageBits + LevelBits * 2);
+            ulong l1Alignment = 1UL << (PageBits + LevelBits);
+
+            if ((combinedAddress & (l0Alignment - 1)) == 0 && AlignDown(endVa, l0Alignment) > va)
+            {
+                return (AlignDown(endVa, l0Alignment) - va, 0);
+            }
+            else if ((combinedAddress & (l1Alignment - 1)) == 0 && AlignDown(endVa, l1Alignment) > va)
+            {
+                ulong nextOrderVa = GetNextAddress(va, l0Alignment);
+
+                if (nextOrderVa <= endVa)
+                {
+                    return (nextOrderVa - va, 1);
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    return (AlignDown(endVa, l1Alignment) - va, 1);
+                }
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                ulong nextOrderVa = GetNextAddress(va, l1Alignment);
+
+                if (nextOrderVa <= endVa)
+                {
+                    return (nextOrderVa - va, 2);
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    return (endVa - va, 2);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        private static ulong AlignDown(ulong va, ulong alignment)
+        {
+            return va & ~(alignment - 1);
+        }
+
+        private static ulong GetNextAddress(ulong va, ulong alignment)
+        {
+            return (va + alignment) & ~(alignment - 1);
+        }
+
+        private PtLevel EnsureLevel0()
+        {
+            PtLevel level0 = _level0;
+
+            if (level0 == null)
+            {
+                level0 = new PtLevel(_blockAllocator, LevelCount, true);
+                _level0 = level0;
+            }
+
+            return level0;
+        }
+
+        private void EnsureTable(PtLevel level, int index, bool hasNext)
+        {
+            Span<ulong> currentTable = level.AsSpan();
+
+            if ((currentTable[index] & 1) == 0)
+            {
+                PtLevel nextLevel = new PtLevel(_blockAllocator, LevelCount, hasNext);
+
+                currentTable[index] = (nextLevel.Address & ~(ulong)PageMask) | 3UL;
+                level.Next[index] = nextLevel;
+                level.EntriesCount++;
+                ValidateEntriesCount(level.EntriesCount);
+            }
+            else if (level.Next[index] == null)
+            {
+                Debug.Fail($"Index {index} is block, expected a table.");
+            }
+        }
+
+        private void WriteBlock(PtLevel level, int index, int depth, ulong pa, ulong attr)
+        {
+            Span<ulong> currentTable = level.AsSpan();
+
+            currentTable[index] = (pa & ~((ulong)AllLevelsMask >> (depth * LevelBits))) | (depth == 2 ? 3UL : 1UL) | attr;
+
+            level.EntriesCount++;
+            ValidateEntriesCount(level.EntriesCount);
+        }
+
+        private static void ValidateEntriesCount(int count)
+        {
+            Debug.Assert(count >= 0 && count <= LevelCount, $"Entries count {count} is invalid.");
+        }
+
+        public void Dispose()
+        {
+            _blockAllocator.Dispose();
+        }
+    }
+}

Ryujinx.Cpu/AppleHv/HvApi.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,320 @@
+using ARMeilleure.State;
+using System;
+using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.AppleHv
+{
+    struct hv_vcpu_exit_exception_t
+    {
+#pragma warning disable CS0649
+        public ulong syndrome;
+        public ulong virtual_address;
+        public ulong physical_address;
+#pragma warning restore CS0649
+    }
+
+    struct hv_vcpu_exit_t
+    {
+#pragma warning disable CS0649
+        public uint reason;
+        public hv_vcpu_exit_exception_t exception;
+#pragma warning restore CS0649
+    }
+
+    enum hv_reg_t : uint
+    {
+        HV_REG_X0,
+        HV_REG_X1,
+        HV_REG_X2,
+        HV_REG_X3,
+        HV_REG_X4,
+        HV_REG_X5,
+        HV_REG_X6,
+        HV_REG_X7,
+        HV_REG_X8,
+        HV_REG_X9,
+        HV_REG_X10,
+        HV_REG_X11,
+        HV_REG_X12,
+        HV_REG_X13,
+        HV_REG_X14,
+        HV_REG_X15,
+        HV_REG_X16,
+        HV_REG_X17,
+        HV_REG_X18,
+        HV_REG_X19,
+        HV_REG_X20,
+        HV_REG_X21,
+        HV_REG_X22,
+        HV_REG_X23,
+        HV_REG_X24,
+        HV_REG_X25,
+        HV_REG_X26,
+        HV_REG_X27,
+        HV_REG_X28,
+        HV_REG_X29,
+        HV_REG_FP = HV_REG_X29,
+        HV_REG_X30,
+        HV_REG_LR = HV_REG_X30,
+        HV_REG_PC,
+        HV_REG_FPCR,
+        HV_REG_FPSR,
+        HV_REG_CPSR,
+    }
+
+    enum hv_simd_fp_reg_t : uint
+    {
+        HV_SIMD_FP_REG_Q0,
+        HV_SIMD_FP_REG_Q1,
+        HV_SIMD_FP_REG_Q2,
+        HV_SIMD_FP_REG_Q3,
+        HV_SIMD_FP_REG_Q4,
+        HV_SIMD_FP_REG_Q5,
+        HV_SIMD_FP_REG_Q6,
+        HV_SIMD_FP_REG_Q7,
+        HV_SIMD_FP_REG_Q8,
+        HV_SIMD_FP_REG_Q9,
+        HV_SIMD_FP_REG_Q10,
+        HV_SIMD_FP_REG_Q11,
+        HV_SIMD_FP_REG_Q12,
+        HV_SIMD_FP_REG_Q13,
+        HV_SIMD_FP_REG_Q14,
+        HV_SIMD_FP_REG_Q15,
+        HV_SIMD_FP_REG_Q16,
+        HV_SIMD_FP_REG_Q17,
+        HV_SIMD_FP_REG_Q18,
+        HV_SIMD_FP_REG_Q19,
+        HV_SIMD_FP_REG_Q20,
+        HV_SIMD_FP_REG_Q21,
+        HV_SIMD_FP_REG_Q22,
+        HV_SIMD_FP_REG_Q23,
+        HV_SIMD_FP_REG_Q24,
+        HV_SIMD_FP_REG_Q25,
+        HV_SIMD_FP_REG_Q26,
+        HV_SIMD_FP_REG_Q27,
+        HV_SIMD_FP_REG_Q28,
+        HV_SIMD_FP_REG_Q29,
+        HV_SIMD_FP_REG_Q30,
+        HV_SIMD_FP_REG_Q31,
+    }
+
+    enum hv_sys_reg_t : ushort
+    {
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGBVR0_EL1 = 0x8004,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGBCR0_EL1 = 0x8005,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGWVR0_EL1 = 0x8006,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGWCR0_EL1 = 0x8007,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGBVR1_EL1 = 0x800c,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGBCR1_EL1 = 0x800d,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGWVR1_EL1 = 0x800e,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGWCR1_EL1 = 0x800f,
+        HV_SYS_REG_MDCCINT_EL1 = 0x8010,
+        HV_SYS_REG_MDSCR_EL1 = 0x8012,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGBVR2_EL1 = 0x8014,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGBCR2_EL1 = 0x8015,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGWVR2_EL1 = 0x8016,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGWCR2_EL1 = 0x8017,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGBVR3_EL1 = 0x801c,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGBCR3_EL1 = 0x801d,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGWVR3_EL1 = 0x801e,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGWCR3_EL1 = 0x801f,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGBVR4_EL1 = 0x8024,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGBCR4_EL1 = 0x8025,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGWVR4_EL1 = 0x8026,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGWCR4_EL1 = 0x8027,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGBVR5_EL1 = 0x802c,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGBCR5_EL1 = 0x802d,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGWVR5_EL1 = 0x802e,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGWCR5_EL1 = 0x802f,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGBVR6_EL1 = 0x8034,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGBCR6_EL1 = 0x8035,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGWVR6_EL1 = 0x8036,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGWCR6_EL1 = 0x8037,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGBVR7_EL1 = 0x803c,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGBCR7_EL1 = 0x803d,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGWVR7_EL1 = 0x803e,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGWCR7_EL1 = 0x803f,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGBVR8_EL1 = 0x8044,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGBCR8_EL1 = 0x8045,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGWVR8_EL1 = 0x8046,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGWCR8_EL1 = 0x8047,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGBVR9_EL1 = 0x804c,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGBCR9_EL1 = 0x804d,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGWVR9_EL1 = 0x804e,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGWCR9_EL1 = 0x804f,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGBVR10_EL1 = 0x8054,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGBCR10_EL1 = 0x8055,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGWVR10_EL1 = 0x8056,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGWCR10_EL1 = 0x8057,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGBVR11_EL1 = 0x805c,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGBCR11_EL1 = 0x805d,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGWVR11_EL1 = 0x805e,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGWCR11_EL1 = 0x805f,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGBVR12_EL1 = 0x8064,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGBCR12_EL1 = 0x8065,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGWVR12_EL1 = 0x8066,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGWCR12_EL1 = 0x8067,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGBVR13_EL1 = 0x806c,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGBCR13_EL1 = 0x806d,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGWVR13_EL1 = 0x806e,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGWCR13_EL1 = 0x806f,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGBVR14_EL1 = 0x8074,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGBCR14_EL1 = 0x8075,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGWVR14_EL1 = 0x8076,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGWCR14_EL1 = 0x8077,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGBVR15_EL1 = 0x807c,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGBCR15_EL1 = 0x807d,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGWVR15_EL1 = 0x807e,
+        HV_SYS_REG_DBGWCR15_EL1 = 0x807f,
+        HV_SYS_REG_MIDR_EL1 = 0xc000,
+        HV_SYS_REG_MPIDR_EL1 = 0xc005,
+        HV_SYS_REG_ID_AA64PFR0_EL1 = 0xc020,
+        HV_SYS_REG_ID_AA64PFR1_EL1 = 0xc021,
+        HV_SYS_REG_ID_AA64DFR0_EL1 = 0xc028,
+        HV_SYS_REG_ID_AA64DFR1_EL1 = 0xc029,
+        HV_SYS_REG_ID_AA64ISAR0_EL1 = 0xc030,
+        HV_SYS_REG_ID_AA64ISAR1_EL1 = 0xc031,
+        HV_SYS_REG_ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1 = 0xc038,
+        HV_SYS_REG_ID_AA64MMFR1_EL1 = 0xc039,
+        HV_SYS_REG_ID_AA64MMFR2_EL1 = 0xc03a,
+        HV_SYS_REG_SCTLR_EL1 = 0xc080,
+        HV_SYS_REG_CPACR_EL1 = 0xc082,
+        HV_SYS_REG_TTBR0_EL1 = 0xc100,
+        HV_SYS_REG_TTBR1_EL1 = 0xc101,
+        HV_SYS_REG_TCR_EL1 = 0xc102,
+        HV_SYS_REG_APIAKEYLO_EL1 = 0xc108,
+        HV_SYS_REG_APIAKEYHI_EL1 = 0xc109,
+        HV_SYS_REG_APIBKEYLO_EL1 = 0xc10a,
+        HV_SYS_REG_APIBKEYHI_EL1 = 0xc10b,
+        HV_SYS_REG_APDAKEYLO_EL1 = 0xc110,
+        HV_SYS_REG_APDAKEYHI_EL1 = 0xc111,
+        HV_SYS_REG_APDBKEYLO_EL1 = 0xc112,
+        HV_SYS_REG_APDBKEYHI_EL1 = 0xc113,
+        HV_SYS_REG_APGAKEYLO_EL1 = 0xc118,
+        HV_SYS_REG_APGAKEYHI_EL1 = 0xc119,
+        HV_SYS_REG_SPSR_EL1 = 0xc200,
+        HV_SYS_REG_ELR_EL1 = 0xc201,
+        HV_SYS_REG_SP_EL0 = 0xc208,
+        HV_SYS_REG_AFSR0_EL1 = 0xc288,
+        HV_SYS_REG_AFSR1_EL1 = 0xc289,
+        HV_SYS_REG_ESR_EL1 = 0xc290,
+        HV_SYS_REG_FAR_EL1 = 0xc300,
+        HV_SYS_REG_PAR_EL1 = 0xc3a0,
+        HV_SYS_REG_MAIR_EL1 = 0xc510,
+        HV_SYS_REG_AMAIR_EL1 = 0xc518,
+        HV_SYS_REG_VBAR_EL1 = 0xc600,
+        HV_SYS_REG_CONTEXTIDR_EL1 = 0xc681,
+        HV_SYS_REG_TPIDR_EL1 = 0xc684,
+        HV_SYS_REG_CNTKCTL_EL1 = 0xc708,
+        HV_SYS_REG_CSSELR_EL1 = 0xd000,
+        HV_SYS_REG_TPIDR_EL0 = 0xde82,
+        HV_SYS_REG_TPIDRRO_EL0 = 0xde83,
+        HV_SYS_REG_CNTV_CTL_EL0 = 0xdf19,
+        HV_SYS_REG_CNTV_CVAL_EL0 = 0xdf1a,
+        HV_SYS_REG_SP_EL1 = 0xe208,
+    }
+
+    enum hv_memory_flags_t : ulong
+    {
+        HV_MEMORY_READ = 1UL << 0,
+        HV_MEMORY_WRITE = 1UL << 1,
+        HV_MEMORY_EXEC = 1UL << 2
+    }
+
+    enum hv_result_t : uint
+    {
+        HV_SUCCESS = 0,
+        HV_ERROR = 0xfae94001,
+        HV_BUSY = 0xfae94002,
+        HV_BAD_ARGUMENT = 0xfae94003,
+        HV_NO_RESOURCES = 0xfae94005,
+        HV_NO_DEVICE = 0xfae94006,
+        HV_DENIED = 0xfae94007,
+        HV_UNSUPPORTED = 0xfae9400f
+    }
+
+    enum hv_interrupt_type_t : uint
+    {
+        HV_INTERRUPT_TYPE_IRQ,
+        HV_INTERRUPT_TYPE_FIQ
+    }
+
+    struct hv_simd_fp_uchar16_t
+    {
+        public ulong Low;
+        public ulong High;
+    }
+
+    static class HvResultExtensions
+    {
+        public static void ThrowOnError(this hv_result_t result)
+        {
+            if (result != hv_result_t.HV_SUCCESS)
+            {
+                throw new Exception($"Unexpected result \"{result}\".");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    static partial class HvApi
+    {
+        public const string LibraryName = "/System/Library/Frameworks/Hypervisor.framework/Hypervisor";
+
+        [LibraryImport(LibraryName, SetLastError = true)]
+        public static partial hv_result_t hv_vm_get_max_vcpu_count(out uint max_vcpu_count);
+
+        [LibraryImport(LibraryName, SetLastError = true)]
+        public static partial hv_result_t hv_vm_create(IntPtr config);
+
+        [LibraryImport(LibraryName, SetLastError = true)]
+        public static partial hv_result_t hv_vm_destroy();
+
+        [LibraryImport(LibraryName, SetLastError = true)]
+        public static partial hv_result_t hv_vm_map(ulong addr, ulong ipa, ulong size, hv_memory_flags_t flags);
+
+        [LibraryImport(LibraryName, SetLastError = true)]
+        public static partial hv_result_t hv_vm_unmap(ulong ipa, ulong size);
+
+        [LibraryImport(LibraryName, SetLastError = true)]
+        public static partial hv_result_t hv_vm_protect(ulong ipa, ulong size, hv_memory_flags_t flags);
+
+        [LibraryImport(LibraryName, SetLastError = true)]
+        public unsafe static partial hv_result_t hv_vcpu_create(out ulong vcpu, ref hv_vcpu_exit_t* exit, IntPtr config);
+
+        [LibraryImport(LibraryName, SetLastError = true)]
+        public unsafe static partial hv_result_t hv_vcpu_destroy(ulong vcpu);
+
+        [LibraryImport(LibraryName, SetLastError = true)]
+        public static partial hv_result_t hv_vcpu_run(ulong vcpu);
+
+        [LibraryImport(LibraryName, SetLastError = true)]
+        public static partial hv_result_t hv_vcpus_exit(ref ulong vcpus, uint vcpu_count);
+
+        [LibraryImport(LibraryName, SetLastError = true)]
+        public static partial hv_result_t hv_vcpu_set_vtimer_mask(ulong vcpu, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)] bool vtimer_is_masked);
+
+        [LibraryImport(LibraryName, SetLastError = true)]
+        public static partial hv_result_t hv_vcpu_get_reg(ulong vcpu, hv_reg_t reg, out ulong value);
+
+        [LibraryImport(LibraryName, SetLastError = true)]
+        public static partial hv_result_t hv_vcpu_set_reg(ulong vcpu, hv_reg_t reg, ulong value);
+
+        [LibraryImport(LibraryName, SetLastError = true)]
+        public static partial hv_result_t hv_vcpu_get_simd_fp_reg(ulong vcpu, hv_simd_fp_reg_t reg, out hv_simd_fp_uchar16_t value);
+
+        [LibraryImport(LibraryName, SetLastError = true)]
+        public static partial hv_result_t hv_vcpu_set_simd_fp_reg(ulong vcpu, hv_simd_fp_reg_t reg, hv_simd_fp_uchar16_t value); // DO NOT USE DIRECTLY!
+
+        [LibraryImport(LibraryName, SetLastError = true)]
+        public static partial hv_result_t hv_vcpu_get_sys_reg(ulong vcpu, hv_sys_reg_t reg, out ulong value);
+
+        [LibraryImport(LibraryName, SetLastError = true)]
+        public static partial hv_result_t hv_vcpu_set_sys_reg(ulong vcpu, hv_sys_reg_t reg, ulong value);
+
+        [LibraryImport(LibraryName, SetLastError = true)]
+        public static partial hv_result_t hv_vcpu_get_pending_interrupt(ulong vcpu, hv_interrupt_type_t type, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)] out bool pending);
+
+        [LibraryImport(LibraryName, SetLastError = true)]
+        public static partial hv_result_t hv_vcpu_set_pending_interrupt(ulong vcpu, hv_interrupt_type_t type, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)] bool pending);
+    }
+}

Ryujinx.Cpu/AppleHv/HvCpuContext.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+using ARMeilleure.Memory;
+using System;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.AppleHv
+{
+    class HvCpuContext : ICpuContext
+    {
+        private readonly ITickSource _tickSource;
+        private readonly HvMemoryManager _memoryManager;
+
+        public HvCpuContext(ITickSource tickSource, IMemoryManager memory, bool for64Bit)
+        {
+            _tickSource = tickSource;
+            _memoryManager = (HvMemoryManager)memory;
+        }
+
+        private void UnmapHandler(ulong address, ulong size)
+        {
+        }
+
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        public IExecutionContext CreateExecutionContext(ExceptionCallbacks exceptionCallbacks)
+        {
+            return new HvExecutionContext(_tickSource, exceptionCallbacks);
+        }
+
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        public void Execute(IExecutionContext context, ulong address)
+        {
+            ((HvExecutionContext)context).Execute(_memoryManager, address);
+        }
+
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        public void InvalidateCacheRegion(ulong address, ulong size)
+        {
+        }
+
+        public IDiskCacheLoadState LoadDiskCache(string titleIdText, string displayVersion, bool enabled)
+        {
+            return new DummyDiskCacheLoadState();
+        }
+
+        public void PrepareCodeRange(ulong address, ulong size)
+        {
+        }
+    }
+}

Ryujinx.Cpu/AppleHv/HvEngine.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+using ARMeilleure.Memory;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.AppleHv
+{
+    public class HvEngine : ICpuEngine
+    {
+        private readonly ITickSource _tickSource;
+
+        public HvEngine(ITickSource tickSource)
+        {
+            _tickSource = tickSource;
+        }
+
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        public ICpuContext CreateCpuContext(IMemoryManager memoryManager, bool for64Bit)
+        {
+            return new HvCpuContext(_tickSource, memoryManager, for64Bit);
+        }
+    }
+}

Ryujinx.Cpu/AppleHv/HvExecutionContext.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,284 @@
+using ARMeilleure.State;
+using Ryujinx.Cpu.AppleHv.Arm;
+using Ryujinx.Memory.Tracking;
+using System;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.AppleHv
+{
+    class HvExecutionContext : IExecutionContext
+    {
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        public ulong Pc => _impl.ElrEl1;
+
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        public long TpidrEl0
+        {
+            get => _impl.TpidrEl0;
+            set => _impl.TpidrEl0 = value;
+        }
+
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        public long TpidrroEl0
+        {
+            get => _impl.TpidrroEl0;
+            set => _impl.TpidrroEl0 = value;
+        }
+
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        public uint Pstate
+        {
+            get => _impl.Pstate;
+            set => _impl.Pstate = value;
+        }
+
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        public uint Fpcr
+        {
+            get => _impl.Fpcr;
+            set => _impl.Fpcr = value;
+        }
+
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        public uint Fpsr
+        {
+            get => _impl.Fpsr;
+            set => _impl.Fpsr = value;
+        }
+
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        public bool IsAarch32
+        {
+            get => false;
+            set
+            {
+                if (value)
+                {
+                    throw new NotSupportedException();
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        public bool Running { get; private set; }
+
+        private readonly ICounter _counter;
+        private readonly IHvExecutionContext _shadowContext;
+        private IHvExecutionContext _impl;
+
+        private readonly ExceptionCallbacks _exceptionCallbacks;
+
+        public HvExecutionContext(ICounter counter, ExceptionCallbacks exceptionCallbacks)
+        {
+            _counter = counter;
+            _shadowContext = new HvExecutionContextShadow();
+            _impl = _shadowContext;
+            _exceptionCallbacks = exceptionCallbacks;
+            Running = true;
+        }
+
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        public ulong GetX(int index) => _impl.GetX(index);
+
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        public void SetX(int index, ulong value) => _impl.SetX(index, value);
+
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        public V128 GetV(int index) => _impl.GetV(index);
+
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        public void SetV(int index, V128 value) => _impl.SetV(index, value);
+
+        private void InterruptHandler()
+        {
+            _exceptionCallbacks.InterruptCallback?.Invoke(this);
+        }
+
+        private void BreakHandler(ulong address, int imm)
+        {
+            _exceptionCallbacks.BreakCallback?.Invoke(this, address, imm);
+        }
+
+        private void SupervisorCallHandler(ulong address, int imm)
+        {
+            _exceptionCallbacks.SupervisorCallback?.Invoke(this, address, imm);
+        }
+
+        private void UndefinedHandler(ulong address, int opCode)
+        {
+            _exceptionCallbacks.UndefinedCallback?.Invoke(this, address, opCode);
+        }
+
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        public void RequestInterrupt()
+        {
+            _impl.RequestInterrupt();
+        }
+
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        public void StopRunning()
+        {
+            Running = false;
+            RequestInterrupt();
+        }
+
+        public unsafe void Execute(HvMemoryManager memoryManager, ulong address)
+        {
+            HvVcpu vcpu = HvVcpuPool.Instance.Create(memoryManager.AddressSpace, _shadowContext, SwapContext);
+
+            HvApi.hv_vcpu_set_reg(vcpu.Handle, hv_reg_t.HV_REG_PC, address).ThrowOnError();
+
+            while (Running)
+            {
+                HvApi.hv_vcpu_run(vcpu.Handle).ThrowOnError();
+
+                uint reason = vcpu.ExitInfo->reason;
+
+                if (reason == 1)
+                {
+                    uint hvEsr = (uint)vcpu.ExitInfo->exception.syndrome;
+                    ExceptionClass hvEc = (ExceptionClass)(hvEsr >> 26);
+
+                    if (hvEc != ExceptionClass.HvcAarch64)
+                    {
+                        throw new Exception($"Unhandled exception from guest kernel with ESR 0x{hvEsr:X} ({hvEc}).");
+                    }
+
+                    address = SynchronousException(memoryManager, ref vcpu);
+                    HvApi.hv_vcpu_set_reg(vcpu.Handle, hv_reg_t.HV_REG_PC, address).ThrowOnError();
+                }
+                else if (reason == 0)
+                {
+                    if (_impl.GetAndClearInterruptRequested())
+                    {
+                        ReturnToPool(vcpu);
+                        InterruptHandler();
+                        vcpu = RentFromPool(memoryManager.AddressSpace, vcpu);
+                    }
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    throw new Exception($"Unhandled exit reason {reason}.");
+                }
+            }
+
+            HvVcpuPool.Instance.Destroy(vcpu, SwapContext);
+        }
+
+        private ulong SynchronousException(HvMemoryManager memoryManager, ref HvVcpu vcpu)
+        {
+            ulong vcpuHandle = vcpu.Handle;
+
+            HvApi.hv_vcpu_get_sys_reg(vcpuHandle, hv_sys_reg_t.HV_SYS_REG_ELR_EL1, out ulong elr).ThrowOnError();
+            HvApi.hv_vcpu_get_sys_reg(vcpuHandle, hv_sys_reg_t.HV_SYS_REG_ESR_EL1, out ulong esr).ThrowOnError();
+
+            ExceptionClass ec = (ExceptionClass)((uint)esr >> 26);
+
+            switch (ec)
+            {
+                case ExceptionClass.DataAbortLowerEl:
+                    DataAbort(memoryManager.Tracking, vcpuHandle, (uint)esr);
+                    break;
+                case ExceptionClass.TrappedMsrMrsSystem:
+                    InstructionTrap((uint)esr);
+                    HvApi.hv_vcpu_set_sys_reg(vcpuHandle, hv_sys_reg_t.HV_SYS_REG_ELR_EL1, elr + 4UL).ThrowOnError();
+                    break;
+                case ExceptionClass.SvcAarch64:
+                    ReturnToPool(vcpu);
+                    ushort id = (ushort)esr;
+                    SupervisorCallHandler(elr - 4UL, id);
+                    vcpu = RentFromPool(memoryManager.AddressSpace, vcpu);
+                    break;
+                default:
+                    throw new Exception($"Unhandled guest exception {ec}.");
+            }
+
+            // Make sure we will continue running at EL0.
+            if (memoryManager.AddressSpace.GetAndClearUserTlbInvalidationPending())
+            {
+                // TODO: Invalidate only the range that was modified?
+                return HvAddressSpace.KernelRegionTlbiEretAddress;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                return HvAddressSpace.KernelRegionEretAddress;
+            }
+        }
+
+        private void DataAbort(MemoryTracking tracking, ulong vcpu, uint esr)
+        {
+            bool write = (esr & (1u << 6)) != 0;
+            bool farValid = (esr & (1u << 10)) == 0;
+            int accessSizeLog2 = (int)((esr >> 22) & 3);
+
+            if (farValid)
+            {
+                HvApi.hv_vcpu_get_sys_reg(vcpu, hv_sys_reg_t.HV_SYS_REG_FAR_EL1, out ulong far).ThrowOnError();
+
+                ulong size = 1UL << accessSizeLog2;
+
+                if (!tracking.VirtualMemoryEvent(far, size, write))
+                {
+                    string rw = write ? "write" : "read";
+                    throw new Exception($"Unhandled invalid memory access at VA 0x{far:X} with size 0x{size:X} ({rw}).");
+                }
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                throw new Exception($"Unhandled invalid memory access at unknown VA with ESR 0x{esr:X}.");
+            }
+        }
+
+        private void InstructionTrap(uint esr)
+        {
+            bool read = (esr & 1) != 0;
+            uint rt = (esr >> 5) & 0x1f;
+
+            if (read)
+            {
+                // Op0 Op2 Op1 CRn 00000 CRm
+                switch ((esr >> 1) & 0x1ffe0f)
+                {
+                    case 0b11_000_011_1110_00000_0000: // CNTFRQ_EL0
+                        WriteRt(rt, _counter.Frequency);
+                        break;
+                    case 0b11_001_011_1110_00000_0000: // CNTPCT_EL0
+                        WriteRt(rt, _counter.Counter);
+                        break;
+                    default:
+                        throw new Exception($"Unhandled system register read with ESR 0x{esr:X}");
+                }
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                throw new Exception($"Unhandled system register write with ESR 0x{esr:X}");
+            }
+        }
+
+        private void WriteRt(uint rt, ulong value)
+        {
+            if (rt < 31)
+            {
+                SetX((int)rt, value);
+            }
+        }
+
+        private void ReturnToPool(HvVcpu vcpu)
+        {
+            HvVcpuPool.Instance.Return(vcpu, SwapContext);
+        }
+
+        private HvVcpu RentFromPool(HvAddressSpace addressSpace, HvVcpu vcpu)
+        {
+            return HvVcpuPool.Instance.Rent(addressSpace, _shadowContext, vcpu, SwapContext);
+        }
+
+        private void SwapContext(IHvExecutionContext newContext)
+        {
+            _impl = newContext;
+        }
+
+        public void Dispose()
+        {
+        }
+    }
+}

Ryujinx.Cpu/AppleHv/HvExecutionContextShadow.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+using ARMeilleure.State;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.AppleHv
+{
+    unsafe class HvExecutionContextShadow : IHvExecutionContext
+    {
+        public ulong Pc { get; set; }
+        public ulong ElrEl1 { get; set; }
+        public ulong EsrEl1 { get; set; }
+
+        public long TpidrEl0 { get; set; }
+        public long TpidrroEl0 { get; set; }
+
+        public uint Pstate { get; set; }
+
+        public uint Fpcr { get; set; }
+        public uint Fpsr { get; set; }
+
+        public bool IsAarch32 { get; set; }
+
+        private readonly ulong[] _x;
+        private readonly V128[] _v;
+
+        public HvExecutionContextShadow()
+        {
+            _x = new ulong[32];
+            _v = new V128[32];
+        }
+
+        public ulong GetX(int index)
+        {
+            return _x[index];
+        }
+
+        public void SetX(int index, ulong value)
+        {
+            _x[index] = value;
+        }
+
+        public V128 GetV(int index)
+        {
+            return _v[index];
+        }
+
+        public void SetV(int index, V128 value)
+        {
+            _v[index] = value;
+        }
+
+        public void RequestInterrupt()
+        {
+        }
+
+        public bool GetAndClearInterruptRequested()
+        {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+}

Ryujinx.Cpu/AppleHv/HvExecutionContextVcpu.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,196 @@
+using ARMeilleure.State;
+using Ryujinx.Memory;
+using System;
+using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
+using System.Threading;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.AppleHv
+{
+    class HvExecutionContextVcpu : IHvExecutionContext
+    {
+        private static MemoryBlock _setSimdFpRegFuncMem;
+        private delegate hv_result_t SetSimdFpReg(ulong vcpu, hv_simd_fp_reg_t reg, in V128 value, IntPtr funcPtr);
+        private static SetSimdFpReg _setSimdFpReg;
+        private static IntPtr _setSimdFpRegNativePtr;
+
+        static HvExecutionContextVcpu()
+        {
+            // .NET does not support passing vectors by value, so we need to pass a pointer and use a native
+            // function to load the value into a vector register.
+            _setSimdFpRegFuncMem = new MemoryBlock(MemoryBlock.GetPageSize());
+            _setSimdFpRegFuncMem.Write(0, 0x3DC00040u); // LDR Q0, [X2]
+            _setSimdFpRegFuncMem.Write(4, 0xD61F0060u); // BR X3
+            _setSimdFpRegFuncMem.Reprotect(0, _setSimdFpRegFuncMem.Size, MemoryPermission.ReadAndExecute);
+
+            _setSimdFpReg = Marshal.GetDelegateForFunctionPointer<SetSimdFpReg>(_setSimdFpRegFuncMem.Pointer);
+
+            if (NativeLibrary.TryLoad(HvApi.LibraryName, out IntPtr hvLibHandle))
+            {
+                _setSimdFpRegNativePtr = NativeLibrary.GetExport(hvLibHandle, nameof(HvApi.hv_vcpu_set_simd_fp_reg));
+            }
+        }
+
+        public ulong Pc
+        {
+            get
+            {
+                HvApi.hv_vcpu_get_reg(_vcpu, hv_reg_t.HV_REG_PC, out ulong pc).ThrowOnError();
+                return pc;
+            }
+            set
+            {
+                HvApi.hv_vcpu_set_reg(_vcpu, hv_reg_t.HV_REG_PC, value).ThrowOnError();
+            }
+        }
+
+        public ulong ElrEl1
+        {
+            get
+            {
+                HvApi.hv_vcpu_get_sys_reg(_vcpu, hv_sys_reg_t.HV_SYS_REG_ELR_EL1, out ulong elr).ThrowOnError();
+                return elr;
+            }
+            set
+            {
+                HvApi.hv_vcpu_set_sys_reg(_vcpu, hv_sys_reg_t.HV_SYS_REG_ELR_EL1, value).ThrowOnError();
+            }
+        }
+
+        public ulong EsrEl1
+        {
+            get
+            {
+                HvApi.hv_vcpu_get_sys_reg(_vcpu, hv_sys_reg_t.HV_SYS_REG_ESR_EL1, out ulong esr).ThrowOnError();
+                return esr;
+            }
+            set
+            {
+                HvApi.hv_vcpu_set_sys_reg(_vcpu, hv_sys_reg_t.HV_SYS_REG_ESR_EL1, value).ThrowOnError();
+            }
+        }
+
+        public long TpidrEl0
+        {
+            get
+            {
+                HvApi.hv_vcpu_get_sys_reg(_vcpu, hv_sys_reg_t.HV_SYS_REG_TPIDR_EL0, out ulong tpidrEl0).ThrowOnError();
+                return (long)tpidrEl0;
+            }
+            set
+            {
+                HvApi.hv_vcpu_set_sys_reg(_vcpu, hv_sys_reg_t.HV_SYS_REG_TPIDR_EL0, (ulong)value).ThrowOnError();
+            }
+        }
+
+        public long TpidrroEl0
+        {
+            get
+            {
+                HvApi.hv_vcpu_get_sys_reg(_vcpu, hv_sys_reg_t.HV_SYS_REG_TPIDRRO_EL0, out ulong tpidrroEl0).ThrowOnError();
+                return (long)tpidrroEl0;
+            }
+            set
+            {
+                HvApi.hv_vcpu_set_sys_reg(_vcpu, hv_sys_reg_t.HV_SYS_REG_TPIDRRO_EL0, (ulong)value).ThrowOnError();
+            }
+        }
+
+        public uint Pstate
+        {
+            get
+            {
+                HvApi.hv_vcpu_get_reg(_vcpu, hv_reg_t.HV_REG_CPSR, out ulong cpsr).ThrowOnError();
+                return (uint)cpsr;
+            }
+            set
+            {
+                HvApi.hv_vcpu_set_reg(_vcpu, hv_reg_t.HV_REG_CPSR, (ulong)value).ThrowOnError();
+            }
+        }
+
+        public uint Fpcr
+        {
+            get
+            {
+                HvApi.hv_vcpu_get_reg(_vcpu, hv_reg_t.HV_REG_FPCR, out ulong fpcr).ThrowOnError();
+                return (uint)fpcr;
+            }
+            set
+            {
+                HvApi.hv_vcpu_set_reg(_vcpu, hv_reg_t.HV_REG_FPCR, (ulong)value).ThrowOnError();
+            }
+        }
+
+        public uint Fpsr
+        {
+            get
+            {
+                HvApi.hv_vcpu_get_reg(_vcpu, hv_reg_t.HV_REG_FPSR, out ulong fpsr).ThrowOnError();
+                return (uint)fpsr;
+            }
+            set
+            {
+                HvApi.hv_vcpu_set_reg(_vcpu, hv_reg_t.HV_REG_FPSR, (ulong)value).ThrowOnError();
+            }
+        }
+
+        private ulong _vcpu;
+        private int _interruptRequested;
+
+        public HvExecutionContextVcpu(ulong vcpu)
+        {
+            _vcpu = vcpu;
+        }
+
+        public ulong GetX(int index)
+        {
+            if (index == 31)
+            {
+                HvApi.hv_vcpu_get_sys_reg(_vcpu, hv_sys_reg_t.HV_SYS_REG_SP_EL0, out ulong value).ThrowOnError();
+                return value;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                HvApi.hv_vcpu_get_reg(_vcpu, hv_reg_t.HV_REG_X0 + (uint)index, out ulong value).ThrowOnError();
+                return value;
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void SetX(int index, ulong value)
+        {
+            if (index == 31)
+            {
+                HvApi.hv_vcpu_set_sys_reg(_vcpu, hv_sys_reg_t.HV_SYS_REG_SP_EL0, value).ThrowOnError();
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                HvApi.hv_vcpu_set_reg(_vcpu, hv_reg_t.HV_REG_X0 + (uint)index, value).ThrowOnError();
+            }
+        }
+
+        public V128 GetV(int index)
+        {
+            HvApi.hv_vcpu_get_simd_fp_reg(_vcpu, hv_simd_fp_reg_t.HV_SIMD_FP_REG_Q0 + (uint)index, out hv_simd_fp_uchar16_t value).ThrowOnError();
+            return new V128(value.Low, value.High);
+        }
+
+        public void SetV(int index, V128 value)
+        {
+            _setSimdFpReg(_vcpu, hv_simd_fp_reg_t.HV_SIMD_FP_REG_Q0 + (uint)index, value, _setSimdFpRegNativePtr).ThrowOnError();
+        }
+
+        public void RequestInterrupt()
+        {
+            if (Interlocked.Exchange(ref _interruptRequested, 1) == 0)
+            {
+                ulong vcpu = _vcpu;
+                HvApi.hv_vcpus_exit(ref vcpu, 1);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public bool GetAndClearInterruptRequested()
+        {
+            return Interlocked.Exchange(ref _interruptRequested, 0) != 0;
+        }
+    }
+}

Ryujinx.Cpu/AppleHv/HvIpaAllocator.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+using System;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.AppleHv
+{
+    class HvIpaAllocator
+    {
+        private const ulong AllocationGranule = 1UL << 14;
+        private const ulong IpaRegionSize = 1UL << 35;
+
+        private readonly PrivateMemoryAllocator.Block _block;
+
+        public HvIpaAllocator()
+        {
+            _block = new PrivateMemoryAllocator.Block(null, IpaRegionSize);
+        }
+
+        public ulong Allocate(ulong size, ulong alignment = AllocationGranule)
+        {
+            ulong offset = _block.Allocate(size, alignment);
+
+            if (offset == PrivateMemoryAllocator.InvalidOffset)
+            {
+                throw new InvalidOperationException($"No enough free IPA memory to allocate 0x{size:X} bytes with alignment 0x{alignment:X}.");
+            }
+
+            return offset;
+        }
+
+        public void Free(ulong offset, ulong size)
+        {
+            _block.Free(offset, size);
+        }
+    }
+}

Ryujinx.Cpu/AppleHv/HvMemoryBlockAllocation.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+using Ryujinx.Memory;
+using System;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.AppleHv
+{
+    struct HvMemoryBlockAllocation : IDisposable
+    {
+        private readonly HvMemoryBlockAllocator _owner;
+        private readonly HvMemoryBlockAllocator.Block _block;
+
+        public bool IsValid => _owner != null;
+        public MemoryBlock Memory => _block.Memory;
+        public ulong Ipa => _block.Ipa;
+        public ulong Offset { get; }
+        public ulong Size { get; }
+
+        public HvMemoryBlockAllocation(
+            HvMemoryBlockAllocator owner,
+            HvMemoryBlockAllocator.Block block,
+            ulong offset,
+            ulong size)
+        {
+            _owner = owner;
+            _block = block;
+            Offset = offset;
+            Size = size;
+        }
+
+        public void Dispose()
+        {
+            _owner.Free(_block, Offset, Size);
+        }
+    }
+}

Ryujinx.Cpu/AppleHv/HvMemoryBlockAllocator.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+using Ryujinx.Memory;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.AppleHv
+{
+    class HvMemoryBlockAllocator : PrivateMemoryAllocatorImpl<HvMemoryBlockAllocator.Block>
+    {
+        private const ulong InvalidOffset = ulong.MaxValue;
+
+        public class Block : PrivateMemoryAllocator.Block
+        {
+            private readonly HvIpaAllocator _ipaAllocator;
+            public ulong Ipa { get; }
+
+            public Block(HvIpaAllocator ipaAllocator, MemoryBlock memory, ulong size) : base(memory, size)
+            {
+                _ipaAllocator = ipaAllocator;
+
+                lock (ipaAllocator)
+                {
+                    Ipa = ipaAllocator.Allocate(size);
+                }
+
+                HvApi.hv_vm_map((ulong)Memory.Pointer, Ipa, size, hv_memory_flags_t.HV_MEMORY_READ | hv_memory_flags_t.HV_MEMORY_WRITE).ThrowOnError();
+            }
+
+            public override void Destroy()
+            {
+                HvApi.hv_vm_unmap(Ipa, Size).ThrowOnError();
+
+                lock (_ipaAllocator)
+                {
+                    _ipaAllocator.Free(Ipa, Size);
+                }
+
+                base.Destroy();
+            }
+        }
+
+        private readonly HvIpaAllocator _ipaAllocator;
+
+        public HvMemoryBlockAllocator(HvIpaAllocator ipaAllocator, int blockAlignment) : base(blockAlignment, MemoryAllocationFlags.None)
+        {
+            _ipaAllocator = ipaAllocator;
+        }
+
+        public unsafe HvMemoryBlockAllocation Allocate(ulong size, ulong alignment)
+        {
+            var allocation = Allocate(size, alignment, CreateBlock);
+
+            return new HvMemoryBlockAllocation(this, allocation.Block, allocation.Offset, allocation.Size);
+        }
+
+        private Block CreateBlock(MemoryBlock memory, ulong size)
+        {
+            return new Block(_ipaAllocator, memory, size);
+        }
+    }
+}

Ryujinx.Cpu/AppleHv/HvMemoryManager.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,947 @@
+using ARMeilleure.Memory;
+using Ryujinx.Cpu.Tracking;
+using Ryujinx.Memory;
+using Ryujinx.Memory.Range;
+using Ryujinx.Memory.Tracking;
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
+using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
+using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
+using System.Threading;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.AppleHv
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Represents a CPU memory manager which maps guest virtual memory directly onto the Hypervisor page table.
+    /// </summary>
+    public class HvMemoryManager : MemoryManagerBase, IMemoryManager, IVirtualMemoryManagerTracked, IWritableBlock
+    {
+        public const int PageBits = 12;
+        public const int PageSize = 1 << PageBits;
+        public const int PageMask = PageSize - 1;
+
+        public const int PageToPteShift = 5; // 32 pages (2 bits each) in one ulong page table entry.
+        public const ulong BlockMappedMask = 0x5555555555555555; // First bit of each table entry set.
+
+        private enum HostMappedPtBits : ulong
+        {
+            Unmapped = 0,
+            Mapped,
+            WriteTracked,
+            ReadWriteTracked,
+
+            MappedReplicated = 0x5555555555555555,
+            WriteTrackedReplicated = 0xaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa,
+            ReadWriteTrackedReplicated = ulong.MaxValue
+        }
+
+        private readonly InvalidAccessHandler _invalidAccessHandler;
+
+        private readonly ulong _addressSpaceSize;
+
+        private readonly HvAddressSpace _addressSpace;
+
+        internal HvAddressSpace AddressSpace => _addressSpace;
+
+        private readonly MemoryBlock _backingMemory;
+        private readonly PageTable<ulong> _pageTable;
+
+        private readonly ulong[] _pageBitmap;
+
+        public bool Supports4KBPages => true;
+
+        public int AddressSpaceBits { get; }
+
+        public IntPtr PageTablePointer => IntPtr.Zero;
+
+        public MemoryManagerType Type => MemoryManagerType.SoftwarePageTable;
+
+        public MemoryTracking Tracking { get; }
+
+        public event Action<ulong, ulong> UnmapEvent;
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Creates a new instance of the Hypervisor memory manager.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="backingMemory">Physical backing memory where virtual memory will be mapped to</param>
+        /// <param name="addressSpaceSize">Size of the address space</param>
+        /// <param name="invalidAccessHandler">Optional function to handle invalid memory accesses</param>
+        public HvMemoryManager(MemoryBlock backingMemory, ulong addressSpaceSize, InvalidAccessHandler invalidAccessHandler = null)
+        {
+            _backingMemory = backingMemory;
+            _pageTable = new PageTable<ulong>();
+            _invalidAccessHandler = invalidAccessHandler;
+            _addressSpaceSize = addressSpaceSize;
+
+            ulong asSize = PageSize;
+            int asBits = PageBits;
+
+            while (asSize < addressSpaceSize)
+            {
+                asSize <<= 1;
+                asBits++;
+            }
+
+            _addressSpace = new HvAddressSpace(backingMemory, asSize);
+
+            AddressSpaceBits = asBits;
+
+            _pageBitmap = new ulong[1 << (AddressSpaceBits - (PageBits + PageToPteShift))];
+            Tracking = new MemoryTracking(this, PageSize, invalidAccessHandler);
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Checks if the virtual address is part of the addressable space.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="va">Virtual address</param>
+        /// <returns>True if the virtual address is part of the addressable space</returns>
+        private bool ValidateAddress(ulong va)
+        {
+            return va < _addressSpaceSize;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Checks if the combination of virtual address and size is part of the addressable space.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="va">Virtual address of the range</param>
+        /// <param name="size">Size of the range in bytes</param>
+        /// <returns>True if the combination of virtual address and size is part of the addressable space</returns>
+        private bool ValidateAddressAndSize(ulong va, ulong size)
+        {
+            ulong endVa = va + size;
+            return endVa >= va && endVa >= size && endVa <= _addressSpaceSize;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Ensures the combination of virtual address and size is part of the addressable space.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="va">Virtual address of the range</param>
+        /// <param name="size">Size of the range in bytes</param>
+        /// <exception cref="InvalidMemoryRegionException">Throw when the memory region specified outside the addressable space</exception>
+        private void AssertValidAddressAndSize(ulong va, ulong size)
+        {
+            if (!ValidateAddressAndSize(va, size))
+            {
+                throw new InvalidMemoryRegionException($"va=0x{va:X16}, size=0x{size:X16}");
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Ensures the combination of virtual address and size is part of the addressable space and fully mapped.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="va">Virtual address of the range</param>
+        /// <param name="size">Size of the range in bytes</param>
+        private void AssertMapped(ulong va, ulong size)
+        {
+            if (!ValidateAddressAndSize(va, size) || !IsRangeMappedImpl(va, size))
+            {
+                throw new InvalidMemoryRegionException($"Not mapped: va=0x{va:X16}, size=0x{size:X16}");
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        public void Map(ulong va, ulong pa, ulong size, MemoryMapFlags flags)
+        {
+            AssertValidAddressAndSize(va, size);
+
+            PtMap(va, pa, size);
+            _addressSpace.MapUser(va, pa, size, MemoryPermission.ReadWriteExecute);
+            AddMapping(va, size);
+
+            Tracking.Map(va, size);
+        }
+
+        private void PtMap(ulong va, ulong pa, ulong size)
+        {
+            while (size != 0)
+            {
+                _pageTable.Map(va, pa);
+
+                va += PageSize;
+                pa += PageSize;
+                size -= PageSize;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        public void MapForeign(ulong va, nuint hostPointer, ulong size)
+        {
+            throw new NotSupportedException();
+        }
+
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        public void Unmap(ulong va, ulong size)
+        {
+            AssertValidAddressAndSize(va, size);
+
+            UnmapEvent?.Invoke(va, size);
+            Tracking.Unmap(va, size);
+
+            RemoveMapping(va, size);
+            _addressSpace.UnmapUser(va, size);
+            PtUnmap(va, size);
+        }
+
+        private void PtUnmap(ulong va, ulong size)
+        {
+            while (size != 0)
+            {
+                _pageTable.Unmap(va);
+
+                va += PageSize;
+                size -= PageSize;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        public T Read<T>(ulong va) where T : unmanaged
+        {
+            return MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, T>(GetSpan(va, Unsafe.SizeOf<T>()))[0];
+        }
+
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        public T ReadTracked<T>(ulong va) where T : unmanaged
+        {
+            try
+            {
+                SignalMemoryTracking(va, (ulong)Unsafe.SizeOf<T>(), false);
+
+                return Read<T>(va);
+            }
+            catch (InvalidMemoryRegionException)
+            {
+                if (_invalidAccessHandler == null || !_invalidAccessHandler(va))
+                {
+                    throw;
+                }
+
+                return default;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        public void Read(ulong va, Span<byte> data)
+        {
+            ReadImpl(va, data);
+        }
+
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        public void Write<T>(ulong va, T value) where T : unmanaged
+        {
+            Write(va, MemoryMarshal.Cast<T, byte>(MemoryMarshal.CreateSpan(ref value, 1)));
+        }
+
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        public void Write(ulong va, ReadOnlySpan<byte> data)
+        {
+            if (data.Length == 0)
+            {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            SignalMemoryTracking(va, (ulong)data.Length, true);
+
+            WriteImpl(va, data);
+        }
+
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        public void WriteUntracked(ulong va, ReadOnlySpan<byte> data)
+        {
+            if (data.Length == 0)
+            {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            WriteImpl(va, data);
+        }
+
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        public bool WriteWithRedundancyCheck(ulong va, ReadOnlySpan<byte> data)
+        {
+            if (data.Length == 0)
+            {
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            SignalMemoryTracking(va, (ulong)data.Length, false);
+
+            if (IsContiguousAndMapped(va, data.Length))
+            {
+                var target = _backingMemory.GetSpan(GetPhysicalAddressInternal(va), data.Length);
+
+                bool changed = !data.SequenceEqual(target);
+
+                if (changed)
+                {
+                    data.CopyTo(target);
+                }
+
+                return changed;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                WriteImpl(va, data);
+
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+
+        private void WriteImpl(ulong va, ReadOnlySpan<byte> data)
+        {
+            try
+            {
+                AssertValidAddressAndSize(va, (ulong)data.Length);
+
+                if (IsContiguousAndMapped(va, data.Length))
+                {
+                    data.CopyTo(_backingMemory.GetSpan(GetPhysicalAddressInternal(va), data.Length));
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    int offset = 0, size;
+
+                    if ((va & PageMask) != 0)
+                    {
+                        ulong pa = GetPhysicalAddressChecked(va);
+
+                        size = Math.Min(data.Length, PageSize - (int)(va & PageMask));
+
+                        data.Slice(0, size).CopyTo(_backingMemory.GetSpan(pa, size));
+
+                        offset += size;
+                    }
+
+                    for (; offset < data.Length; offset += size)
+                    {
+                        ulong pa = GetPhysicalAddressChecked(va + (ulong)offset);
+
+                        size = Math.Min(data.Length - offset, PageSize);
+
+                        data.Slice(offset, size).CopyTo(_backingMemory.GetSpan(pa, size));
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            catch (InvalidMemoryRegionException)
+            {
+                if (_invalidAccessHandler == null || !_invalidAccessHandler(va))
+                {
+                    throw;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        public ReadOnlySpan<byte> GetSpan(ulong va, int size, bool tracked = false)
+        {
+            if (size == 0)
+            {
+                return ReadOnlySpan<byte>.Empty;
+            }
+
+            if (tracked)
+            {
+                SignalMemoryTracking(va, (ulong)size, false);
+            }
+
+            if (IsContiguousAndMapped(va, size))
+            {
+                return _backingMemory.GetSpan(GetPhysicalAddressInternal(va), size);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                Span<byte> data = new byte[size];
+
+                ReadImpl(va, data);
+
+                return data;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        public WritableRegion GetWritableRegion(ulong va, int size, bool tracked = false)
+        {
+            if (size == 0)
+            {
+                return new WritableRegion(null, va, Memory<byte>.Empty);
+            }
+
+            if (tracked)
+            {
+                SignalMemoryTracking(va, (ulong)size, true);
+            }
+
+            if (IsContiguousAndMapped(va, size))
+            {
+                return new WritableRegion(null, va, _backingMemory.GetMemory(GetPhysicalAddressInternal(va), size));
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                Memory<byte> memory = new byte[size];
+
+                ReadImpl(va, memory.Span);
+
+                return new WritableRegion(this, va, memory);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        public ref T GetRef<T>(ulong va) where T : unmanaged
+        {
+            if (!IsContiguous(va, Unsafe.SizeOf<T>()))
+            {
+                ThrowMemoryNotContiguous();
+            }
+
+            SignalMemoryTracking(va, (ulong)Unsafe.SizeOf<T>(), true);
+
+            return ref _backingMemory.GetRef<T>(GetPhysicalAddressChecked(va));
+        }
+
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
+        public bool IsMapped(ulong va)
+        {
+            return ValidateAddress(va) && IsMappedImpl(va);
+        }
+
+        [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
+        private bool IsMappedImpl(ulong va)
+        {
+            ulong page = va >> PageBits;
+
+            int bit = (int)((page & 31) << 1);
+
+            int pageIndex = (int)(page >> PageToPteShift);
+            ref ulong pageRef = ref _pageBitmap[pageIndex];
+
+            ulong pte = Volatile.Read(ref pageRef);
+
+            return ((pte >> bit) & 3) != 0;
+        }
+
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        public bool IsRangeMapped(ulong va, ulong size)
+        {
+            AssertValidAddressAndSize(va, size);
+
+            return IsRangeMappedImpl(va, size);
+        }
+
+        [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
+        private void GetPageBlockRange(ulong pageStart, ulong pageEnd, out ulong startMask, out ulong endMask, out int pageIndex, out int pageEndIndex)
+        {
+            startMask = ulong.MaxValue << ((int)(pageStart & 31) << 1);
+            endMask = ulong.MaxValue >> (64 - ((int)(pageEnd & 31) << 1));
+
+            pageIndex = (int)(pageStart >> PageToPteShift);
+            pageEndIndex = (int)((pageEnd - 1) >> PageToPteShift);
+        }
+
+        private bool IsRangeMappedImpl(ulong va, ulong size)
+        {
+            int pages = GetPagesCount(va, size, out _);
+
+            if (pages == 1)
+            {
+                return IsMappedImpl(va);
+            }
+
+            ulong pageStart = va >> PageBits;
+            ulong pageEnd = pageStart + (ulong)pages;
+
+            GetPageBlockRange(pageStart, pageEnd, out ulong startMask, out ulong endMask, out int pageIndex, out int pageEndIndex);
+
+            // Check if either bit in each 2 bit page entry is set.
+            // OR the block with itself shifted down by 1, and check the first bit of each entry.
+
+            ulong mask = BlockMappedMask & startMask;
+
+            while (pageIndex <= pageEndIndex)
+            {
+                if (pageIndex == pageEndIndex)
+                {
+                    mask &= endMask;
+                }
+
+                ref ulong pageRef = ref _pageBitmap[pageIndex++];
+                ulong pte = Volatile.Read(ref pageRef);
+
+                pte |= pte >> 1;
+                if ((pte & mask) != mask)
+                {
+                    return false;
+                }
+
+                mask = BlockMappedMask;
+            }
+
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        private static void ThrowMemoryNotContiguous() => throw new MemoryNotContiguousException();
+
+        [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
+        private bool IsContiguousAndMapped(ulong va, int size) => IsContiguous(va, size) && IsMapped(va);
+
+        [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
+        private bool IsContiguous(ulong va, int size)
+        {
+            if (!ValidateAddress(va) || !ValidateAddressAndSize(va, (ulong)size))
+            {
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            int pages = GetPagesCount(va, (uint)size, out va);
+
+            for (int page = 0; page < pages - 1; page++)
+            {
+                if (!ValidateAddress(va + PageSize))
+                {
+                    return false;
+                }
+
+                if (GetPhysicalAddressInternal(va) + PageSize != GetPhysicalAddressInternal(va + PageSize))
+                {
+                    return false;
+                }
+
+                va += PageSize;
+            }
+
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        public IEnumerable<HostMemoryRange> GetHostRegions(ulong va, ulong size)
+        {
+            if (size == 0)
+            {
+                return Enumerable.Empty<HostMemoryRange>();
+            }
+
+            var guestRegions = GetPhysicalRegionsImpl(va, size);
+            if (guestRegions == null)
+            {
+                return null;
+            }
+
+            var regions = new HostMemoryRange[guestRegions.Count];
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < regions.Length; i++)
+            {
+                var guestRegion = guestRegions[i];
+                IntPtr pointer = _backingMemory.GetPointer(guestRegion.Address, guestRegion.Size);
+                regions[i] = new HostMemoryRange((nuint)(ulong)pointer, guestRegion.Size);
+            }
+
+            return regions;
+        }
+
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        public IEnumerable<MemoryRange> GetPhysicalRegions(ulong va, ulong size)
+        {
+            if (size == 0)
+            {
+                return Enumerable.Empty<MemoryRange>();
+            }
+
+            return GetPhysicalRegionsImpl(va, size);
+        }
+
+        private List<MemoryRange> GetPhysicalRegionsImpl(ulong va, ulong size)
+        {
+            if (!ValidateAddress(va) || !ValidateAddressAndSize(va, size))
+            {
+                return null;
+            }
+
+            int pages = GetPagesCount(va, (uint)size, out va);
+
+            var regions = new List<MemoryRange>();
+
+            ulong regionStart = GetPhysicalAddressInternal(va);
+            ulong regionSize = PageSize;
+
+            for (int page = 0; page < pages - 1; page++)
+            {
+                if (!ValidateAddress(va + PageSize))
+                {
+                    return null;
+                }
+
+                ulong newPa = GetPhysicalAddressInternal(va + PageSize);
+
+                if (GetPhysicalAddressInternal(va) + PageSize != newPa)
+                {
+                    regions.Add(new MemoryRange(regionStart, regionSize));
+                    regionStart = newPa;
+                    regionSize = 0;
+                }
+
+                va += PageSize;
+                regionSize += PageSize;
+            }
+
+            regions.Add(new MemoryRange(regionStart, regionSize));
+
+            return regions;
+        }
+
+        private void ReadImpl(ulong va, Span<byte> data)
+        {
+            if (data.Length == 0)
+            {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            try
+            {
+                AssertValidAddressAndSize(va, (ulong)data.Length);
+
+                int offset = 0, size;
+
+                if ((va & PageMask) != 0)
+                {
+                    ulong pa = GetPhysicalAddressChecked(va);
+
+                    size = Math.Min(data.Length, PageSize - (int)(va & PageMask));
+
+                    _backingMemory.GetSpan(pa, size).CopyTo(data.Slice(0, size));
+
+                    offset += size;
+                }
+
+                for (; offset < data.Length; offset += size)
+                {
+                    ulong pa = GetPhysicalAddressChecked(va + (ulong)offset);
+
+                    size = Math.Min(data.Length - offset, PageSize);
+
+                    _backingMemory.GetSpan(pa, size).CopyTo(data.Slice(offset, size));
+                }
+            }
+            catch (InvalidMemoryRegionException)
+            {
+                if (_invalidAccessHandler == null || !_invalidAccessHandler(va))
+                {
+                    throw;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        /// <remarks>
+        /// This function also validates that the given range is both valid and mapped, and will throw if it is not.
+        /// </remarks>
+        public void SignalMemoryTracking(ulong va, ulong size, bool write, bool precise = false, int? exemptId = null)
+        {
+            AssertValidAddressAndSize(va, size);
+
+            if (precise)
+            {
+                Tracking.VirtualMemoryEvent(va, size, write, precise: true, exemptId);
+                return;
+            }
+
+            // Software table, used for managed memory tracking.
+
+            int pages = GetPagesCount(va, size, out _);
+            ulong pageStart = va >> PageBits;
+
+            if (pages == 1)
+            {
+                ulong tag = (ulong)(write ? HostMappedPtBits.WriteTracked : HostMappedPtBits.ReadWriteTracked);
+
+                int bit = (int)((pageStart & 31) << 1);
+
+                int pageIndex = (int)(pageStart >> PageToPteShift);
+                ref ulong pageRef = ref _pageBitmap[pageIndex];
+
+                ulong pte = Volatile.Read(ref pageRef);
+                ulong state = ((pte >> bit) & 3);
+
+                if (state >= tag)
+                {
+                    Tracking.VirtualMemoryEvent(va, size, write, precise: false, exemptId);
+                    return;
+                }
+                else if (state == 0)
+                {
+                    ThrowInvalidMemoryRegionException($"Not mapped: va=0x{va:X16}, size=0x{size:X16}");
+                }
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                ulong pageEnd = pageStart + (ulong)pages;
+
+                GetPageBlockRange(pageStart, pageEnd, out ulong startMask, out ulong endMask, out int pageIndex, out int pageEndIndex);
+
+                ulong mask = startMask;
+
+                ulong anyTrackingTag = (ulong)HostMappedPtBits.WriteTrackedReplicated;
+
+                while (pageIndex <= pageEndIndex)
+                {
+                    if (pageIndex == pageEndIndex)
+                    {
+                        mask &= endMask;
+                    }
+
+                    ref ulong pageRef = ref _pageBitmap[pageIndex++];
+
+                    ulong pte = Volatile.Read(ref pageRef);
+                    ulong mappedMask = mask & BlockMappedMask;
+
+                    ulong mappedPte = pte | (pte >> 1);
+                    if ((mappedPte & mappedMask) != mappedMask)
+                    {
+                        ThrowInvalidMemoryRegionException($"Not mapped: va=0x{va:X16}, size=0x{size:X16}");
+                    }
+
+                    pte &= mask;
+                    if ((pte & anyTrackingTag) != 0) // Search for any tracking.
+                    {
+                        // Writes trigger any tracking.
+                        // Only trigger tracking from reads if both bits are set on any page.
+                        if (write || (pte & (pte >> 1) & BlockMappedMask) != 0)
+                        {
+                            Tracking.VirtualMemoryEvent(va, size, write, precise: false, exemptId);
+                            break;
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    mask = ulong.MaxValue;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Computes the number of pages in a virtual address range.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="va">Virtual address of the range</param>
+        /// <param name="size">Size of the range</param>
+        /// <param name="startVa">The virtual address of the beginning of the first page</param>
+        /// <remarks>This function does not differentiate between allocated and unallocated pages.</remarks>
+        [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
+        private int GetPagesCount(ulong va, ulong size, out ulong startVa)
+        {
+            // WARNING: Always check if ulong does not overflow during the operations.
+            startVa = va & ~(ulong)PageMask;
+            ulong vaSpan = (va - startVa + size + PageMask) & ~(ulong)PageMask;
+
+            return (int)(vaSpan / PageSize);
+        }
+
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        public void TrackingReprotect(ulong va, ulong size, MemoryPermission protection)
+        {
+            // Protection is inverted on software pages, since the default value is 0.
+            protection = (~protection) & MemoryPermission.ReadAndWrite;
+
+            int pages = GetPagesCount(va, size, out va);
+            ulong pageStart = va >> PageBits;
+
+            if (pages == 1)
+            {
+                ulong protTag = protection switch
+                {
+                    MemoryPermission.None => (ulong)HostMappedPtBits.Mapped,
+                    MemoryPermission.Write => (ulong)HostMappedPtBits.WriteTracked,
+                    _ => (ulong)HostMappedPtBits.ReadWriteTracked,
+                };
+
+                int bit = (int)((pageStart & 31) << 1);
+
+                ulong tagMask = 3UL << bit;
+                ulong invTagMask = ~tagMask;
+
+                ulong tag = protTag << bit;
+
+                int pageIndex = (int)(pageStart >> PageToPteShift);
+                ref ulong pageRef = ref _pageBitmap[pageIndex];
+
+                ulong pte;
+
+                do
+                {
+                    pte = Volatile.Read(ref pageRef);
+                }
+                while ((pte & tagMask) != 0 && Interlocked.CompareExchange(ref pageRef, (pte & invTagMask) | tag, pte) != pte);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                ulong pageEnd = pageStart + (ulong)pages;
+
+                GetPageBlockRange(pageStart, pageEnd, out ulong startMask, out ulong endMask, out int pageIndex, out int pageEndIndex);
+
+                ulong mask = startMask;
+
+                ulong protTag = protection switch
+                {
+                    MemoryPermission.None => (ulong)HostMappedPtBits.MappedReplicated,
+                    MemoryPermission.Write => (ulong)HostMappedPtBits.WriteTrackedReplicated,
+                    _ => (ulong)HostMappedPtBits.ReadWriteTrackedReplicated,
+                };
+
+                while (pageIndex <= pageEndIndex)
+                {
+                    if (pageIndex == pageEndIndex)
+                    {
+                        mask &= endMask;
+                    }
+
+                    ref ulong pageRef = ref _pageBitmap[pageIndex++];
+
+                    ulong pte;
+                    ulong mappedMask;
+
+                    // Change the protection of all 2 bit entries that are mapped.
+                    do
+                    {
+                        pte = Volatile.Read(ref pageRef);
+
+                        mappedMask = pte | (pte >> 1);
+                        mappedMask |= (mappedMask & BlockMappedMask) << 1;
+                        mappedMask &= mask; // Only update mapped pages within the given range.
+                    }
+                    while (Interlocked.CompareExchange(ref pageRef, (pte & (~mappedMask)) | (protTag & mappedMask), pte) != pte);
+
+                    mask = ulong.MaxValue;
+                }
+            }
+
+            protection = protection switch
+            {
+                MemoryPermission.None => MemoryPermission.ReadAndWrite,
+                MemoryPermission.Write => MemoryPermission.Read,
+                _ => MemoryPermission.None
+            };
+
+            _addressSpace.ReprotectUser(va, size, protection);
+        }
+
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        public CpuRegionHandle BeginTracking(ulong address, ulong size, int id)
+        {
+            return new CpuRegionHandle(Tracking.BeginTracking(address, size, id));
+        }
+
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        public CpuMultiRegionHandle BeginGranularTracking(ulong address, ulong size, IEnumerable<IRegionHandle> handles, ulong granularity, int id)
+        {
+            return new CpuMultiRegionHandle(Tracking.BeginGranularTracking(address, size, handles, granularity, id));
+        }
+
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        public CpuSmartMultiRegionHandle BeginSmartGranularTracking(ulong address, ulong size, ulong granularity, int id)
+        {
+            return new CpuSmartMultiRegionHandle(Tracking.BeginSmartGranularTracking(address, size, granularity, id));
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Adds the given address mapping to the page table.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="va">Virtual memory address</param>
+        /// <param name="size">Size to be mapped</param>
+        private void AddMapping(ulong va, ulong size)
+        {
+            int pages = GetPagesCount(va, size, out _);
+            ulong pageStart = va >> PageBits;
+            ulong pageEnd = pageStart + (ulong)pages;
+
+            GetPageBlockRange(pageStart, pageEnd, out ulong startMask, out ulong endMask, out int pageIndex, out int pageEndIndex);
+
+            ulong mask = startMask;
+
+            while (pageIndex <= pageEndIndex)
+            {
+                if (pageIndex == pageEndIndex)
+                {
+                    mask &= endMask;
+                }
+
+                ref ulong pageRef = ref _pageBitmap[pageIndex++];
+
+                ulong pte;
+                ulong mappedMask;
+
+                // Map all 2-bit entries that are unmapped.
+                do
+                {
+                    pte = Volatile.Read(ref pageRef);
+
+                    mappedMask = pte | (pte >> 1);
+                    mappedMask |= (mappedMask & BlockMappedMask) << 1;
+                    mappedMask |= ~mask; // Treat everything outside the range as mapped, thus unchanged.
+                }
+                while (Interlocked.CompareExchange(ref pageRef, (pte & mappedMask) | (BlockMappedMask & (~mappedMask)), pte) != pte);
+
+                mask = ulong.MaxValue;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Removes the given address mapping from the page table.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="va">Virtual memory address</param>
+        /// <param name="size">Size to be unmapped</param>
+        private void RemoveMapping(ulong va, ulong size)
+        {
+            int pages = GetPagesCount(va, size, out _);
+            ulong pageStart = va >> PageBits;
+            ulong pageEnd = pageStart + (ulong)pages;
+
+            GetPageBlockRange(pageStart, pageEnd, out ulong startMask, out ulong endMask, out int pageIndex, out int pageEndIndex);
+
+            startMask = ~startMask;
+            endMask = ~endMask;
+
+            ulong mask = startMask;
+
+            while (pageIndex <= pageEndIndex)
+            {
+                if (pageIndex == pageEndIndex)
+                {
+                    mask |= endMask;
+                }
+
+                ref ulong pageRef = ref _pageBitmap[pageIndex++];
+                ulong pte;
+
+                do
+                {
+                    pte = Volatile.Read(ref pageRef);
+                }
+                while (Interlocked.CompareExchange(ref pageRef, pte & mask, pte) != pte);
+
+                mask = 0;
+            }
+        }
+
+        private ulong GetPhysicalAddressChecked(ulong va)
+        {
+            if (!IsMapped(va))
+            {
+                ThrowInvalidMemoryRegionException($"Not mapped: va=0x{va:X16}");
+            }
+
+            return GetPhysicalAddressInternal(va);
+        }
+
+        private ulong GetPhysicalAddressInternal(ulong va)
+        {
+            return _pageTable.Read(va) + (va & PageMask);
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Disposes of resources used by the memory manager.
+        /// </summary>
+        protected override void Destroy()
+        {
+            _addressSpace.Dispose();
+        }
+
+        private static void ThrowInvalidMemoryRegionException(string message) => throw new InvalidMemoryRegionException(message);
+    }
+}

Ryujinx.Cpu/AppleHv/HvVcpu.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.AppleHv
+{
+    unsafe class HvVcpu
+    {
+        public readonly ulong Handle;
+        public readonly hv_vcpu_exit_t* ExitInfo;
+        public readonly IHvExecutionContext ShadowContext;
+        public readonly IHvExecutionContext NativeContext;
+        public readonly bool IsEphemeral;
+
+        public HvVcpu(
+            ulong handle,
+            hv_vcpu_exit_t* exitInfo,
+            IHvExecutionContext shadowContext,
+            IHvExecutionContext nativeContext,
+            bool isEphemeral)
+        {
+            Handle = handle;
+            ExitInfo = exitInfo;
+            ShadowContext = shadowContext;
+            NativeContext = nativeContext;
+            IsEphemeral = isEphemeral;
+        }
+    }
+}

Ryujinx.Cpu/AppleHv/HvVcpuPool.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+using System;
+using System.Threading;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.AppleHv
+{
+    class HvVcpuPool
+    {
+        // Since there's a limit on the number of VCPUs we can create,
+        // and we assign one VCPU per guest thread, we need to ensure
+        // there are enough VCPUs available for at least the maximum number of active guest threads.
+        // To do that, we always destroy and re-create VCPUs that are above a given limit.
+        // Those VCPUs are called "ephemeral" here because they are not kept for long.
+        //
+        // In the future, we might want to consider a smarter approach that only makes
+        // VCPUs for threads that are not running frequently "ephemeral", but this is
+        // complicated because VCPUs can only be destroyed by the same thread that created them.
+
+        private const int MaxActiveVcpus = 4;
+
+        public static readonly HvVcpuPool Instance = new HvVcpuPool();
+
+        private int _totalVcpus;
+        private int _maxVcpus;
+
+        public HvVcpuPool()
+        {
+            HvApi.hv_vm_get_max_vcpu_count(out uint maxVcpuCount).ThrowOnError();
+            _maxVcpus = (int)maxVcpuCount;
+        }
+
+        public HvVcpu Create(HvAddressSpace addressSpace, IHvExecutionContext shadowContext, Action<IHvExecutionContext> swapContext)
+        {
+            HvVcpu vcpu = CreateNew(addressSpace, shadowContext);
+            vcpu.NativeContext.Load(shadowContext);
+            swapContext(vcpu.NativeContext);
+            return vcpu;
+        }
+
+        public void Destroy(HvVcpu vcpu, Action<IHvExecutionContext> swapContext)
+        {
+            vcpu.ShadowContext.Load(vcpu.NativeContext);
+            swapContext(vcpu.ShadowContext);
+            DestroyVcpu(vcpu);
+        }
+
+        public void Return(HvVcpu vcpu, Action<IHvExecutionContext> swapContext)
+        {
+            if (vcpu.IsEphemeral)
+            {
+                Destroy(vcpu, swapContext);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public HvVcpu Rent(HvAddressSpace addressSpace, IHvExecutionContext shadowContext, HvVcpu vcpu, Action<IHvExecutionContext> swapContext)
+        {
+            if (vcpu.IsEphemeral)
+            {
+                return Create(addressSpace, shadowContext, swapContext);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                return vcpu;
+            }
+        }
+
+        private unsafe HvVcpu CreateNew(HvAddressSpace addressSpace, IHvExecutionContext shadowContext)
+        {
+            int newCount = IncrementVcpuCount();
+            bool isEphemeral = newCount > _maxVcpus - MaxActiveVcpus;
+
+            // Create VCPU.
+            hv_vcpu_exit_t* exitInfo = null;
+            HvApi.hv_vcpu_create(out ulong vcpuHandle, ref exitInfo, IntPtr.Zero).ThrowOnError();
+
+            // Enable FP and SIMD instructions.
+            HvApi.hv_vcpu_set_sys_reg(vcpuHandle, hv_sys_reg_t.HV_SYS_REG_CPACR_EL1, 0b11 << 20).ThrowOnError();
+
+            addressSpace.InitializeMmu(vcpuHandle);
+
+            HvExecutionContextVcpu nativeContext = new HvExecutionContextVcpu(vcpuHandle);
+
+            HvVcpu vcpu = new HvVcpu(vcpuHandle, exitInfo, shadowContext, nativeContext, isEphemeral);
+
+            return vcpu;
+        }
+
+        private void DestroyVcpu(HvVcpu vcpu)
+        {
+            HvApi.hv_vcpu_destroy(vcpu.Handle).ThrowOnError();
+            DecrementVcpuCount();
+        }
+
+        private int IncrementVcpuCount()
+        {
+            return Interlocked.Increment(ref _totalVcpus);
+        }
+
+        private void DecrementVcpuCount()
+        {
+            Interlocked.Decrement(ref _totalVcpus);
+        }
+    }
+}

Ryujinx.Cpu/AppleHv/HvVm.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+using Ryujinx.Memory;
+using System;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.AppleHv
+{
+    static class HvVm
+    {
+        // This alignment allows us to use larger blocks on the page table.
+        private const ulong AsIpaAlignment = 1UL << 30;
+
+        private static int _addressSpaces;
+        private static HvIpaAllocator _ipaAllocator;
+        private static object _lock = new object();
+
+        public static (ulong, HvIpaAllocator) CreateAddressSpace(MemoryBlock block)
+        {
+            HvIpaAllocator ipaAllocator;
+
+            lock (_lock)
+            {
+                if (++_addressSpaces == 1)
+                {
+                    HvApi.hv_vm_create(IntPtr.Zero).ThrowOnError();
+                    _ipaAllocator = ipaAllocator = new HvIpaAllocator();
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    ipaAllocator = _ipaAllocator;
+                }
+            }
+
+            ulong baseAddress;
+
+            lock (ipaAllocator)
+            {
+                baseAddress = ipaAllocator.Allocate(block.Size, AsIpaAlignment);
+            }
+
+            var rwx = hv_memory_flags_t.HV_MEMORY_READ | hv_memory_flags_t.HV_MEMORY_WRITE | hv_memory_flags_t.HV_MEMORY_EXEC;
+
+            HvApi.hv_vm_map((ulong)block.Pointer, baseAddress, block.Size, rwx).ThrowOnError();
+
+            return (baseAddress, ipaAllocator);
+        }
+
+        public static void DestroyAddressSpace(ulong address, ulong size)
+        {
+            HvApi.hv_vm_unmap(address, size);
+
+            HvIpaAllocator ipaAllocator;
+
+            lock (_lock)
+            {
+                if (--_addressSpaces == 0)
+                {
+                    HvApi.hv_vm_destroy().ThrowOnError();
+                }
+
+                ipaAllocator = _ipaAllocator;
+            }
+
+            lock (ipaAllocator)
+            {
+                ipaAllocator.Free(address, size);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}