GAL: Send all buffer assignments at once rather than individually (#3881)

* GAL: Send all buffer assignments at once rather than individually

The `(int first, BufferRange[] ranges)` method call has very significant performance implications when the bindings are spread out, which they generally always are in Vulkan. This change makes it so that these methods are only called a maximum of one time per draw.

Significantly improves GPU thread performance in Pokemon Scarlet/Violet.

* Address Feedback

Removed SetUniformBuffers(int first, ReadOnlySpan<BufferRange> buffers)

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.md

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ about: Something doesn't work correctly in Ryujinx. Note that game-specific issu
   - OS: *(e.g. Windows 10)*
   - CPU: *(e.g. i7-6700)*
   - GPU: *(e.g. NVIDIA RTX 2070)*
-  - RAM: *(e.g. 16GB)*
+  - RAM: *(e.g. 16GiB)*
 - Applied Mods : [ Yes (Which ones) / No ]
 
 ### Additional context?

.github/workflows/build.yml

@@ -52,26 +52,22 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/setup-dotnet@v3
         with:
           dotnet-version: 7.0.x
-      - name: Ensure NuGet Source
-        uses: fabriciomurta/ensure-nuget-source@v1
       - name: Get git short hash
         id: git_short_hash
         run: echo "result=$(git rev-parse --short "${{ github.sha }}")" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
         shell: bash
-      - name: Clear
-        run: dotnet clean && dotnet nuget locals all --clear
       - name: Build
-        run: dotnet build -c "${{ matrix.configuration }}" /p:Version="${{ env.RYUJINX_BASE_VERSION }}" /p:SourceRevisionId="${{ steps.git_short_hash.outputs.result }}" /p:ExtraDefineConstants=DISABLE_UPDATER
+        run: dotnet build -c "${{ matrix.configuration }}" -p:Version="${{ env.RYUJINX_BASE_VERSION }}" -p:SourceRevisionId="${{ steps.git_short_hash.outputs.result }}" -p:ExtraDefineConstants=DISABLE_UPDATER
       - name: Test
         run: dotnet test --no-build -c "${{ matrix.configuration }}"
       - name: Publish Ryujinx
-        run: dotnet publish -c "${{ matrix.configuration }}" -r "${{ matrix.DOTNET_RUNTIME_IDENTIFIER }}" -o ./publish /p:Version="${{ env.RYUJINX_BASE_VERSION }}" /p:DebugType=embedded /p:SourceRevisionId="${{ steps.git_short_hash.outputs.result }}" /p:ExtraDefineConstants=DISABLE_UPDATER Ryujinx --self-contained
+        run: dotnet publish -c "${{ matrix.configuration }}" -r "${{ matrix.DOTNET_RUNTIME_IDENTIFIER }}" -o ./publish -p:Version="${{ env.RYUJINX_BASE_VERSION }}" -p:DebugType=embedded -p:SourceRevisionId="${{ steps.git_short_hash.outputs.result }}" -p:ExtraDefineConstants=DISABLE_UPDATER Ryujinx --self-contained true
         if: github.event_name == 'pull_request'
       - name: Publish Ryujinx.Headless.SDL2
-        run: dotnet publish -c "${{ matrix.configuration }}" -r "${{ matrix.DOTNET_RUNTIME_IDENTIFIER }}" -o ./publish_sdl2_headless /p:Version="${{ env.RYUJINX_BASE_VERSION }}" /p:DebugType=embedded /p:SourceRevisionId="${{ steps.git_short_hash.outputs.result }}" /p:ExtraDefineConstants=DISABLE_UPDATER Ryujinx.Headless.SDL2 --self-contained
+        run: dotnet publish -c "${{ matrix.configuration }}" -r "${{ matrix.DOTNET_RUNTIME_IDENTIFIER }}" -o ./publish_sdl2_headless -p:Version="${{ env.RYUJINX_BASE_VERSION }}" -p:DebugType=embedded -p:SourceRevisionId="${{ steps.git_short_hash.outputs.result }}" -p:ExtraDefineConstants=DISABLE_UPDATER Ryujinx.Headless.SDL2 --self-contained true
         if: github.event_name == 'pull_request'
       - name: Publish Ryujinx.Ava
-        run: dotnet publish -c "${{ matrix.configuration }}" -r "${{ matrix.DOTNET_RUNTIME_IDENTIFIER }}" -o ./publish_ava /p:Version="1.0.0" /p:DebugType=embedded /p:SourceRevisionId="${{ steps.git_short_hash.outputs.result }}" /p:ExtraDefineConstants=DISABLE_UPDATER Ryujinx.Ava
+        run: dotnet publish -c "${{ matrix.configuration }}" -r "${{ matrix.DOTNET_RUNTIME_IDENTIFIER }}" -o ./publish_ava -p:Version="${{ env.RYUJINX_BASE_VERSION }}" -p:DebugType=embedded -p:SourceRevisionId="${{ steps.git_short_hash.outputs.result }}" -p:ExtraDefineConstants=DISABLE_UPDATER Ryujinx.Ava --self-contained true
         if: github.event_name == 'pull_request'
       - name: Upload Ryujinx artifact
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -29,10 +29,6 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/setup-dotnet@v3
         with:
           dotnet-version: 7.0.x
-      - name: Ensure NuGet Source
-        uses: fabriciomurta/ensure-nuget-source@v1
-      - name: Clear
-        run: dotnet clean && dotnet nuget locals all --clear
       - name: Get version info
         id: version_info
         run: |
@@ -51,9 +47,9 @@ jobs:
         run: "mkdir release_output"
       - name: Publish Windows
         run: |
-          dotnet publish -c Release -r win10-x64 -o ./publish_windows/publish /p:Version="${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}" /p:SourceRevisionId="${{ steps.version_info.outputs.git_short_hash }}" /p:DebugType=embedded Ryujinx --self-contained
-          dotnet publish -c Release -r win10-x64 -o ./publish_windows_sdl2_headless/publish /p:Version="${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}" /p:SourceRevisionId="${{ steps.version_info.outputs.git_short_hash }}" /p:DebugType=embedded Ryujinx.Headless.SDL2 --self-contained
-          dotnet publish -c Release -r win10-x64 -o ./publish_windows_ava/publish /p:Version="${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}" /p:SourceRevisionId="${{ steps.version_info.outputs.git_short_hash }}" /p:DebugType=embedded Ryujinx.Ava --self-contained
+          dotnet publish -c Release -r win10-x64 -o ./publish_windows/publish -p:Version="${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}" -p:SourceRevisionId="${{ steps.version_info.outputs.git_short_hash }}" -p:DebugType=embedded Ryujinx --self-contained true
+          dotnet publish -c Release -r win10-x64 -o ./publish_windows_sdl2_headless/publish -p:Version="${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}" -p:SourceRevisionId="${{ steps.version_info.outputs.git_short_hash }}" -p:DebugType=embedded Ryujinx.Headless.SDL2 --self-contained true
+          dotnet publish -c Release -r win10-x64 -o ./publish_windows_ava/publish -p:Version="${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}" -p:SourceRevisionId="${{ steps.version_info.outputs.git_short_hash }}" -p:DebugType=embedded Ryujinx.Ava --self-contained true
       - name: Packing Windows builds
         run: |
           pushd publish_windows
@@ -71,9 +67,9 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Publish Linux
         run: |
-          dotnet publish -c Release -r linux-x64 -o ./publish_linux/publish /p:Version="${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}" /p:SourceRevisionId="${{ steps.version_info.outputs.git_short_hash }}" /p:DebugType=embedded Ryujinx --self-contained
-          dotnet publish -c Release -r linux-x64 -o ./publish_linux_sdl2_headless/publish /p:Version="${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}" /p:SourceRevisionId="${{ steps.version_info.outputs.git_short_hash }}" /p:DebugType=embedded Ryujinx.Headless.SDL2 --self-contained
-          dotnet publish -c Release -r linux-x64 -o ./publish_linux_ava/publish /p:Version="${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}" /p:SourceRevisionId="${{ steps.version_info.outputs.git_short_hash }}" /p:DebugType=embedded Ryujinx.Ava --self-contained
+          dotnet publish -c Release -r linux-x64 -o ./publish_linux/publish -p:Version="${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}" -p:SourceRevisionId="${{ steps.version_info.outputs.git_short_hash }}" -p:DebugType=embedded Ryujinx --self-contained true
+          dotnet publish -c Release -r linux-x64 -o ./publish_linux_sdl2_headless/publish -p:Version="${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}" -p:SourceRevisionId="${{ steps.version_info.outputs.git_short_hash }}" -p:DebugType=embedded Ryujinx.Headless.SDL2 --self-contained true
+          dotnet publish -c Release -r linux-x64 -o ./publish_linux_ava/publish -p:Version="${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}" -p:SourceRevisionId="${{ steps.version_info.outputs.git_short_hash }}" -p:DebugType=embedded Ryujinx.Ava --self-contained true
 
       - name: Packing Linux builds
         run: |

ARMeilleure/Common/BitUtils.cs

@@ -1,15 +1,11 @@
+using System;
 using System.Numerics;
 
 namespace ARMeilleure.Common
 {
     static class BitUtils
     {
-        private static readonly sbyte[] HbsNibbleLut;
-
-        static BitUtils()
-        {
-            HbsNibbleLut = new sbyte[] { -1, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3 };
-        }
+        private static ReadOnlySpan<sbyte> HbsNibbleLut => new sbyte[] { -1, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3 };
 
         public static long FillWithOnes(int bits)
         {

ARMeilleure/Diagnostics/TranslatorEventSource.cs

@@ -25,13 +25,13 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.Diagnostics
             _funcTabSizeCounter = new PollingCounter("addr-tab-alloc", this, () => _funcTabSize / 1024d / 1024d)
             {
                 DisplayName = "AddressTable Total Bytes Allocated",
-                DisplayUnits = "MB"
+                DisplayUnits = "MiB"
             };
 
             _funcTabLeafSizeCounter = new PollingCounter("addr-tab-leaf-alloc", this, () => _funcTabLeafSize / 1024d / 1024d)
             {
                 DisplayName = "AddressTable Total Leaf Bytes Allocated",
-                DisplayUnits = "MB"
+                DisplayUnits = "MiB"
             };
         }
 

README.md

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ You can check out the compatibility list [here](https://github.com/Ryujinx/Ryuji
 
 ## Usage
 
-To run this emulator, your PC must be equipped with at least 8GB of RAM; failing to meet this requirement may result in a poor gameplay experience or unexpected crashes.
+To run this emulator, your PC must be equipped with at least 8GiB of RAM; failing to meet this requirement may result in a poor gameplay experience or unexpected crashes.
 
 See our [Setup & Configuration Guide](https://github.com/Ryujinx/Ryujinx/wiki/Ryujinx-Setup-&-Configuration-Guide) on how to set up the emulator.
 

Ryujinx.Audio/Renderer/Utils/FileHardwareDevice.cs

@@ -34,10 +34,10 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Renderer.Utils
 
             writer.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
 
-            writer.Write(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("RIFF"));
+            writer.Write("RIFF"u8);
             writer.Write((int)(writer.BaseStream.Length - 8));
-            writer.Write(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("WAVE"));
-            writer.Write(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("fmt "));
+            writer.Write("WAVE"u8);
+            writer.Write("fmt "u8);
             writer.Write(16);
             writer.Write((short)1);
             writer.Write((short)GetChannelCount());
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Renderer.Utils
             writer.Write(GetSampleRate() * GetChannelCount() * sizeof(short));
             writer.Write((short)(GetChannelCount() * sizeof(short)));
             writer.Write((short)(sizeof(short) * 8));
-            writer.Write(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("data"));
+            writer.Write("data"u8);
             writer.Write((int)(writer.BaseStream.Length - HeaderSize));
 
             writer.Seek((int)currentPos, SeekOrigin.Begin);

Ryujinx.Ava/AppHost.cs

@@ -741,7 +741,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava
                 }
             }
 
-            var memoryConfiguration = ConfigurationState.Instance.System.ExpandRam.Value ? HLE.MemoryConfiguration.MemoryConfiguration6GB : HLE.MemoryConfiguration.MemoryConfiguration4GB;
+            var memoryConfiguration = ConfigurationState.Instance.System.ExpandRam.Value ? HLE.MemoryConfiguration.MemoryConfiguration6GiB : HLE.MemoryConfiguration.MemoryConfiguration4GiB;
 
             IntegrityCheckLevel fsIntegrityCheckLevel = ConfigurationState.Instance.System.EnableFsIntegrityChecks ? IntegrityCheckLevel.ErrorOnInvalid : IntegrityCheckLevel.None;
 

Ryujinx.Ava/Assets/Locales/de_DE.json

@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@
   "SettingsTabSystemAudioBackendSDL2": "SDL2",
   "SettingsTabSystemHacks": "Hacks",
   "SettingsTabSystemHacksNote": " (Kann Fehler verursachen)",
-  "SettingsTabSystemExpandDramSize": "Erweitere DRAM Größe auf 6GB",
+  "SettingsTabSystemExpandDramSize": "Erweitere DRAM Größe auf 6GiB",
   "SettingsTabSystemIgnoreMissingServices": "Ignoriere fehlende Dienste",
   "SettingsTabGraphics": "Grafik",
   "SettingsTabGraphicsAPI": "Grafik-API",
@@ -440,7 +440,7 @@
   "MemoryManagerSoftwareTooltip": "Verwendung einer Software-Seitentabelle für die Adressumsetzung. Höchste Genauigkeit, aber langsamste Leistung.",
   "MemoryManagerHostTooltip": "Direkte Zuordnung von Speicher im Host-Adressraum. Viel schnellere JIT-Kompilierung und Ausführung.",
   "MemoryManagerUnsafeTooltip": "Direkte Zuordnung des Speichers, aber keine Maskierung der Adresse innerhalb des Gastadressraums vor dem Zugriff. Schneller, aber auf Kosten der Sicherheit. Die Gastanwendung kann von überall in Ryujinx auf den Speicher zugreifen, daher sollte in diesem Modus nur Programme ausgeführt werden denen vertraut wird.",
-  "DRamTooltip": "Erhöht den Arbeitsspeicher des emulierten Systems von 4 GB auf 6 GB.\n\nDies ist nur für Texturenpakete mit höherer Auflösung oder Mods mit 4K-Auflösung nützlich. Diese Option verbessert NICHT die Leistung.\n\nIm Zweifelsfall AUS lassen.",
+  "DRamTooltip": "Erhöht den Arbeitsspeicher des emulierten Systems von 4 GiB auf 6 GiB.\n\nDies ist nur für Texturenpakete mit höherer Auflösung oder Mods mit 4K-Auflösung nützlich. Diese Option verbessert NICHT die Leistung.\n\nIm Zweifelsfall AUS lassen.",
   "IgnoreMissingServicesTooltip": "Durch diese Option werden nicht implementierte Dienste der Switch-Firmware ignoriert. Dies kann dabei helfen, Abstürze beim Starten bestimmter Spiele zu umgehen.\n\nIm Zweifelsfall AUS lassen.",
   "GraphicsBackendThreadingTooltip": "Führt Grafik-Backend Befehle auf einem zweiten Thread aus.\n\nDies beschleunigt die Shader-Kompilierung, reduziert Stottern und verbessert die Leistung auf GPU-Treibern ohne eigene Multithreading-Unterstützung. Geringfügig bessere Leistung bei Treibern mit Multithreading.\n\nIm Zweifelsfall auf AUTO stellen.",
   "GalThreadingTooltip": "Führt Grafik-Backend Befehle auf einem zweiten Thread aus.\n\nDies Beschleunigt die Shader-Kompilierung, reduziert Stottern und verbessert die Leistung auf GPU-Treibern ohne eigene Multithreading-Unterstützung. Geringfügig bessere Leistung bei Treibern mit Multithreading.\n\nIm Zweifelsfall auf auf AUTO stellen.",
@@ -583,7 +583,7 @@
   "SettingsTabGraphicsBackend": "Grafik-Backend:",
   "SettingsTabGraphicsBackendTooltip": "Verwendendetes Grafik-Backend",
   "SettingsEnableTextureRecompression": "Textur-Rekompression",
-  "SettingsEnableTextureRecompressionTooltip": "Komprimiert bestimmte Texturen, um den VRAM-Verbrauch zu reduzieren.\n\nEmpfohlen für die Verwendung von GPUs, die weniger als 4 GB VRAM haben.\n\nIm Zweifelsfall AUS lassen",
+  "SettingsEnableTextureRecompressionTooltip": "Komprimiert bestimmte Texturen, um den VRAM-Verbrauch zu reduzieren.\n\nEmpfohlen für die Verwendung von GPUs, die weniger als 4 GiB VRAM haben.\n\nIm Zweifelsfall AUS lassen",
   "SettingsTabGraphicsPreferredGpu": "Bevorzugte GPU:",
   "SettingsTabGraphicsPreferredGpuTooltip": "Wähle die Grafikkarte aus, die mit dem Vulkan Grafik-Backend verwendet werden soll.\n\nDies hat keinen Einfluss auf die GPU die OpenGL verwendet.\n\nIm Zweifelsfall die als \"dGPU\" gekennzeichnete GPU auswählen. Diese Einstellung unberührt lassen, wenn keine zur Auswahl steht.",
   "SettingsAppRequiredRestartMessage": "Ein Neustart von Ryujinx ist erforderlich",

Ryujinx.Ava/Assets/Locales/el_GR.json

@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@
   "SettingsTabSystemAudioBackendSDL2": "SDL2",
   "SettingsTabSystemHacks": "Μικροδιορθώσεις",
   "SettingsTabSystemHacksNote": " (Μπορεί να προκαλέσουν αστάθεια)",
-  "SettingsTabSystemExpandDramSize": "Επέκταση μεγέθους DRAM στα 6GB",
+  "SettingsTabSystemExpandDramSize": "Επέκταση μεγέθους DRAM στα 6GiB",
   "SettingsTabSystemIgnoreMissingServices": "Αγνόηση υπηρεσιών που λείπουν",
   "SettingsTabGraphics": "Γραφικά",
   "SettingsTabGraphicsAPI": "API Γραφικά",
@@ -440,7 +440,7 @@
   "MemoryManagerSoftwareTooltip": "Χρησιμοποιήστε έναν πίνακα σελίδων λογισμικού για τη μετάφραση διευθύνσεων. Υψηλότερη ακρίβεια αλλά πιο αργή απόδοση.",
   "MemoryManagerHostTooltip": "Απευθείας αντιστοίχιση της μνήμης στον χώρο διευθύνσεων υπολογιστή υποδοχής. Πολύ πιο γρήγορη μεταγλώττιση και εκτέλεση JIT.",
   "MemoryManagerUnsafeTooltip": "Απευθείας χαρτογράφηση της μνήμης, αλλά μην καλύπτετε τη διεύθυνση εντός του χώρου διευθύνσεων επισκέπτη πριν από την πρόσβαση. Πιο γρήγορα, αλλά με κόστος ασφάλειας. Η εφαρμογή μπορεί να έχει πρόσβαση στη μνήμη από οπουδήποτε στο Ryujinx, επομένως εκτελείτε μόνο προγράμματα που εμπιστεύεστε με αυτήν τη λειτουργία.",
-  "DRamTooltip": "Επεκτείνει την ποσότητα της μνήμης στο εξομοιούμενο σύστημα από 4 GB σε 6 GB",
+  "DRamTooltip": "Επεκτείνει την ποσότητα της μνήμης στο εξομοιούμενο σύστημα από 4 GiB σε 6 GiB",
   "IgnoreMissingServicesTooltip": "Ενεργοποίηση ή απενεργοποίηση της αγνοώησης για υπηρεσίες που λείπουν",
   "GraphicsBackendThreadingTooltip": "Ενεργοποίηση Πολυνηματικής Επεξεργασίας Γραφικών",
   "GalThreadingTooltip": "Εκτελεί εντολές γραφικών σε ένα δεύτερο νήμα. Επιτρέπει την πολυνηματική μεταγλώττιση Shader σε χρόνο εκτέλεσης, μειώνει το τρεμόπαιγμα και βελτιώνει την απόδοση των προγραμμάτων οδήγησης χωρίς τη δική τους υποστήριξη πολλαπλών νημάτων. Ποικίλες κορυφαίες επιδόσεις σε προγράμματα οδήγησης με multithreading. Μπορεί να χρειαστεί επανεκκίνηση του Ryujinx για να απενεργοποιήσετε σωστά την ενσωματωμένη λειτουργία πολλαπλών νημάτων του προγράμματος οδήγησης ή ίσως χρειαστεί να το κάνετε χειροκίνητα για να έχετε την καλύτερη απόδοση.",
@@ -480,17 +480,17 @@
   "AudioVolumeTooltip": "Αλλαγή Έντασης Ήχου",
   "SettingsTabSystemEnableInternetAccess": "Ενεργοποίηση πρόσβασης επισκέπτη στο Διαδίκτυο",
   "EnableInternetAccessTooltip": "Επιτρέπει την πρόσβαση επισκέπτη στο Διαδίκτυο. Εάν ενεργοποιηθεί, η εξομοιωμένη κονσόλα Switch θα συμπεριφέρεται σαν να είναι συνδεδεμένη στο Διαδίκτυο. Λάβετε υπόψη ότι σε ορισμένες περιπτώσεις, οι εφαρμογές ενδέχεται να εξακολουθούν να έχουν πρόσβαση στο Διαδίκτυο, ακόμη και όταν αυτή η επιλογή είναι απενεργοποιημένη",
-  "GameListContextMenuManageCheatToolTip" : "Διαχείριση Κόλπων",
-  "GameListContextMenuManageCheat" : "Διαχείριση Κόλπων",
-  "ControllerSettingsStickRange" : "Εύρος:",
-  "DialogStopEmulationTitle" : "Ryujinx - Διακοπή εξομοίωσης",
+  "GameListContextMenuManageCheatToolTip": "Διαχείριση Κόλπων",
+  "GameListContextMenuManageCheat": "Διαχείριση Κόλπων",
+  "ControllerSettingsStickRange": "Εύρος:",
+  "DialogStopEmulationTitle": "Ryujinx - Διακοπή εξομοίωσης",
   "DialogStopEmulationMessage": "Είστε βέβαιοι ότι θέλετε να σταματήσετε την εξομοίωση;",
   "SettingsTabCpu": "Επεξεργαστής",
   "SettingsTabAudio": "Ήχος",
   "SettingsTabNetwork": "Δίκτυο",
-  "SettingsTabNetworkConnection" : "Σύνδεση δικτύου",
-  "SettingsTabCpuCache" : "Προσωρινή Μνήμη CPU",
-  "SettingsTabCpuMemory" : "Μνήμη CPU",
+  "SettingsTabNetworkConnection": "Σύνδεση δικτύου",
+  "SettingsTabCpuCache": "Προσωρινή Μνήμη CPU",
+  "SettingsTabCpuMemory": "Μνήμη CPU",
   "ControllerMotionTitle": "Motion Control Settings",
   "ControllerRumbleTitle": "Rumble Settings"
 }

Ryujinx.Ava/Assets/Locales/en_US.json

@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@
   "SettingsTabSystemAudioBackendSDL2": "SDL2",
   "SettingsTabSystemHacks": "Hacks",
   "SettingsTabSystemHacksNote": " (may cause instability)",
-  "SettingsTabSystemExpandDramSize": "Expand DRAM Size to 6GB",
+  "SettingsTabSystemExpandDramSize": "Use alternative memory layout (Developers)",
   "SettingsTabSystemIgnoreMissingServices": "Ignore Missing Services",
   "SettingsTabGraphics": "Graphics",
   "SettingsTabGraphicsAPI": "Graphics API",
@@ -440,7 +440,7 @@
   "MemoryManagerSoftwareTooltip": "Use a software page table for address translation. Highest accuracy but slowest performance.",
   "MemoryManagerHostTooltip": "Directly map memory in the host address space. Much faster JIT compilation and execution.",
   "MemoryManagerUnsafeTooltip": "Directly map memory, but do not mask the address within the guest address space before access. Faster, but at the cost of safety. The guest application can access memory from anywhere in Ryujinx, so only run programs you trust with this mode.",
-  "DRamTooltip": "Increases the amount of memory on the emulated system from 4GB to 6GB.\n\nThis is only useful for higher-resolution texture packs or 4k resolution mods. Does NOT improve performance.\n\nLeave OFF if unsure.",
+  "DRamTooltip": "Utilizes an alternative MemoryMode layout to mimic a Switch development model.\n\nThis is only useful for higher-resolution texture packs or 4k resolution mods. Does NOT improve performance.\n\nLeave OFF if unsure.",
   "IgnoreMissingServicesTooltip": "Ignores unimplemented Horizon OS services. This may help in bypassing crashes when booting certain games.\n\nLeave OFF if unsure.",
   "GraphicsBackendThreadingTooltip": "Executes graphics backend commands on a second thread.\n\nSpeeds up shader compilation, reduces stuttering, and improves performance on GPU drivers without multithreading support of their own. Slightly better performance on drivers with multithreading.\n\nSet to AUTO if unsure.",
   "GalThreadingTooltip": "Executes graphics backend commands on a second thread.\n\nSpeeds up shader compilation, reduces stuttering, and improves performance on GPU drivers without multithreading support of their own. Slightly better performance on drivers with multithreading.\n\nSet to AUTO if unsure.",
@@ -583,7 +583,7 @@
   "SettingsTabGraphicsBackend": "Graphics Backend",
   "SettingsTabGraphicsBackendTooltip": "Graphics Backend to use",
   "SettingsEnableTextureRecompression": "Enable Texture Recompression",
-  "SettingsEnableTextureRecompressionTooltip": "Compresses certain textures in order to reduce VRAM usage.\n\nRecommended for use with GPUs that have less than 4GB VRAM.\n\nLeave OFF if unsure.",
+  "SettingsEnableTextureRecompressionTooltip": "Compresses certain textures in order to reduce VRAM usage.\n\nRecommended for use with GPUs that have less than 4GiB VRAM.\n\nLeave OFF if unsure.",
   "SettingsTabGraphicsPreferredGpu": "Preferred GPU",
   "SettingsTabGraphicsPreferredGpuTooltip": "Select the graphics card that will be used with the Vulkan graphics backend.\n\nDoes not affect the GPU that OpenGL will use.\n\nSet to the GPU flagged as \"dGPU\" if unsure. If there isn't one, leave untouched.",
   "SettingsAppRequiredRestartMessage": "Ryujinx Restart Required",

Ryujinx.Ava/Assets/Locales/es_ES.json

@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@
   "SettingsTabSystemAudioBackendSDL2": "SDL2",
   "SettingsTabSystemHacks": "Hacks",
   "SettingsTabSystemHacksNote": " (Pueden causar inestabilidad)",
-  "SettingsTabSystemExpandDramSize": "Expandir DRAM a 6GB",
+  "SettingsTabSystemExpandDramSize": "Expandir DRAM a 6GiB",
   "SettingsTabSystemIgnoreMissingServices": "Ignorar servicios no implementados",
   "SettingsTabGraphics": "Gráficos",
   "SettingsTabGraphicsAPI": "API de gráficos",
@@ -440,7 +440,7 @@
   "MemoryManagerSoftwareTooltip": "Usa una tabla de paginación de software para traducir direcciones. Ofrece la precisión más exacta pero el rendimiento más lento.",
   "MemoryManagerHostTooltip": "Mapea la memoria directamente en la dirección de espacio del host. Compilación y ejecución JIT mucho más rápida.",
   "MemoryManagerUnsafeTooltip": "Mapea la memoria directamente, pero no enmascara la dirección dentro del espacio de dirección del guest antes del acceso. El modo más rápido, pero a costa de seguridad. La aplicación guest puede acceder a la memoria desde cualquier parte en Ryujinx, así que ejecuta solo programas en los que confíes cuando uses este modo.",
-  "DRamTooltip": "Expande la memoria DRAM del sistema emulado de 4GB a 6GB.\n\nUtilizar solo con packs de texturas HD o mods de resolución 4K. NO mejora el rendimiento.\n\nDesactívalo si no sabes qué hacer.",
+  "DRamTooltip": "Expande la memoria DRAM del sistema emulado de 4GiB a 6GiB.\n\nUtilizar solo con packs de texturas HD o mods de resolución 4K. NO mejora el rendimiento.\n\nDesactívalo si no sabes qué hacer.",
   "IgnoreMissingServicesTooltip": "Hack para ignorar servicios no implementados del Horizon OS. Esto puede ayudar a sobrepasar crasheos cuando inicies ciertos juegos.\n\nDesactívalo si no sabes qué hacer.",
   "GraphicsBackendThreadingTooltip": "Ejecuta los comandos del motor gráfico en un segundo hilo. Acelera la compilación de sombreadores, reduce los tirones, y mejora el rendimiento en controladores gráficos que no realicen su propio multihilado. Rendimiento máximo ligeramente superior en controladores gráficos que soporten multihilado.\n\nSelecciona \"Auto\" si no sabes qué hacer.",
   "GalThreadingTooltip": "Ejecuta los comandos del motor gráfico en un segundo hilo. Acelera la compilación de sombreadores, reduce los tirones, y mejora el rendimiento en controladores gráficos que no realicen su propio multihilado. Rendimiento máximo ligeramente superior en controladores gráficos que soporten multihilado.\n\nSelecciona \"Auto\" si no sabes qué hacer.",

Ryujinx.Ava/Assets/Locales/fr_FR.json

@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@
   "SettingsTabSystemAudioBackendSDL2": "SDL2",
   "SettingsTabSystemHacks": "Hacks",
   "SettingsTabSystemHacksNote": " (Cela peut causer des instabilitées)",
-  "SettingsTabSystemExpandDramSize": "Augmenter la taille de la DRAM à 6GB",
+  "SettingsTabSystemExpandDramSize": "Augmenter la taille de la DRAM à 6GiB",
   "SettingsTabSystemIgnoreMissingServices": "Ignorer les services manquant",
   "SettingsTabGraphics": "Graphique",
   "SettingsTabGraphicsAPI": "API Graphique",

Ryujinx.Ava/Assets/Locales/it_IT.json

@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@
     "SettingsTabSystemAudioBackendSDL2": "SDL2",
     "SettingsTabSystemHacks": "Hacks",
     "SettingsTabSystemHacksNote": " (Possono causare instabilità)",
-    "SettingsTabSystemExpandDramSize": "Espandi dimensione DRAM a 6GB",
+    "SettingsTabSystemExpandDramSize": "Espandi dimensione DRAM a 6GiB",
     "SettingsTabSystemIgnoreMissingServices": "Ignora servizi mancanti",
     "SettingsTabGraphics": "Grafica",
     "SettingsTabGraphicsAPI": "API Grafiche",
@@ -440,7 +440,7 @@
     "MemoryManagerSoftwareTooltip": "Usa una software page table per la traduzione degli indirizzi. Massima precisione ma prestazioni più lente.",
     "MemoryManagerHostTooltip": "Mappa direttamente la memoria nello spazio degli indirizzi dell'host. Compilazione ed esecuzione JIT molto più veloce.",
     "MemoryManagerUnsafeTooltip": "Mappa direttamente la memoria, ma non maschera l'indirizzo all'interno dello spazio degli indirizzi guest prima dell'accesso. Più veloce, ma a costo della sicurezza. L'applicazione guest può accedere alla memoria da qualsiasi punto di Ryujinx, quindi esegui solo programmi di cui ti fidi con questa modalità.",
-    "DRamTooltip": "Espande l'ammontare di memoria sul sistema emulato da 4GB A 6GB",
+    "DRamTooltip": "Espande l'ammontare di memoria sul sistema emulato da 4GiB A 6GiB",
     "IgnoreMissingServicesTooltip": "Attiva o disattiva l'opzione di ignorare i servizi mancanti",
     "GraphicsBackendThreadingTooltip": "Attiva il Graphics Backend Multithreading",
     "GalThreadingTooltip": "Esegue i comandi del backend grafico su un secondo thread. Permette il multithreading runtime della compilazione degli shader, riduce lo stuttering e migliora le prestazioni sui driver senza supporto multithreading proprio. Varia leggermente le prestazioni di picco sui driver con multithreading. Ryujinx potrebbe aver bisogno di essere riavviato per disabilitare correttamente il multithreading integrato nel driver, o potrebbe essere necessario farlo manualmente per ottenere le migliori prestazioni.",

Ryujinx.Ava/Assets/Locales/ja_JP.json

@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@
   "SettingsTabSystemAudioBackendSDL2": "SDL2",
   "SettingsTabSystemHacks": "ハック",
   "SettingsTabSystemHacksNote": " (挙動が不安定になる可能性があります)",
-  "SettingsTabSystemExpandDramSize": "DRAMサイズを6GBに拡大",
+  "SettingsTabSystemExpandDramSize": "DRAMサイズを6GiBに拡大",
   "SettingsTabSystemIgnoreMissingServices": "未実装サービスを無視",
   "SettingsTabGraphics": "グラフィックス",
   "SettingsTabGraphicsAPI": "グラフィックスAPI",
@@ -440,7 +440,7 @@
   "MemoryManagerSoftwareTooltip": "アドレス変換にソフトウェアページテーブルを使用します. 非常に正確ですがパフォーマンスが大きく低下します.",
   "MemoryManagerHostTooltip": "ホストのアドレス空間にメモリを直接マップします.JITのコンパイルと実行速度が大きく向上します.",
   "MemoryManagerUnsafeTooltip": "メモリを直接マップしますが, アクセス前にゲストのアドレス空間内のアドレスをマスクしません. より高速になりますが, 安全性が犠牲になります. ゲストアプリケーションは Ryujinx のどこからでもメモリにアクセスできるので,このモードでは信頼できるプログラムだけを実行するようにしてください.",
-  "DRamTooltip": "エミュレートされたシステムのメモリ容量を 4GB から 6GB に増加します.\n\n高解像度のテクスチャパックや 4K解像度の mod を使用する場合に有用です. パフォーマンスを改善するものではありません.\n\nよくわからない場合はオフのままにしてください.",
+  "DRamTooltip": "エミュレートされたシステムのメモリ容量を 4GiB から 6GiB に増加します.\n\n高解像度のテクスチャパックや 4K解像度の mod を使用する場合に有用です. パフォーマンスを改善するものではありません.\n\nよくわからない場合はオフのままにしてください.",
   "IgnoreMissingServicesTooltip": "未実装の Horizon OS サービスを無視します. 特定のゲームにおいて起動時のクラッシュを回避できる場合があります.\n\nよくわからない場合はオフのままにしてください.",
   "GraphicsBackendThreadingTooltip": "グラフィックスバックエンドのコマンドを別スレッドで実行します.\n\nシェーダのコンパイルを高速化し, 遅延を軽減し, マルチスレッド非対応の GPU ドライバにおいてパフォーマンスを改善します. マルチスレッド対応のドライバでも若干パフォーマンス改善が見られます.\n\nよくわからない場合は自動に設定してください.",
   "GalThreadingTooltip": "グラフィックスバックエンドのコマンドを別スレッドで実行します.\n\nシェーダのコンパイルを高速化し, 遅延を軽減し, マルチスレッド非対応の GPU ドライバにおいてパフォーマンスを改善します. マルチスレッド対応のドライバでも若干パフォーマンス改善が見られます.\n\nよくわからない場合は自動に設定してください.",
@@ -583,7 +583,7 @@
   "SettingsTabGraphicsBackend": "グラフィックスバックエンド",
   "SettingsTabGraphicsBackendTooltip": "使用するグラフィックスバックエンドです",
   "SettingsEnableTextureRecompression": "テクスチャの再圧縮を有効",
-  "SettingsEnableTextureRecompressionTooltip": "VRAMの使用量を削減するためテクスチャを圧縮します.\n\nGPUのVRAMが4GB未満の場合は使用を推奨します.\n\nよくわからない場合はオフのままにしてください.",
+  "SettingsEnableTextureRecompressionTooltip": "VRAMの使用量を削減するためテクスチャを圧縮します.\n\nGPUのVRAMが4GiB未満の場合は使用を推奨します.\n\nよくわからない場合はオフのままにしてください.",
   "SettingsTabGraphicsPreferredGpu": "優先使用するGPU",
   "SettingsTabGraphicsPreferredGpuTooltip": "Vulkanグラフィックスバックエンドで使用されるグラフィックスカードを選択します.\n\nOpenGLが使用するGPUには影響しません.\n\n不明な場合は, \"dGPU\" としてフラグが立っているGPUに設定します. ない場合はそのままにします.",
   "SettingsAppRequiredRestartMessage": "Ryujinx の再起動が必要です",

Ryujinx.Ava/Assets/Locales/ko_KR.json

@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@
   "SettingsTabSystemAudioBackendSDL2": "SDL2",
   "SettingsTabSystemHacks": "해킹",
   "SettingsTabSystemHacksNote": " (불안정을 일으킬 수 있음)",
-  "SettingsTabSystemExpandDramSize": "DRAM 크기를 6GB로 확장",
+  "SettingsTabSystemExpandDramSize": "DRAM 크기를 6GiB로 확장",
   "SettingsTabSystemIgnoreMissingServices": "누락된 서비스 무시",
   "SettingsTabGraphics": "제도법",
   "SettingsTabGraphicsAPI": "그래픽 API",
@@ -439,7 +439,7 @@
   "MemoryManagerSoftwareTooltip": "주소 변환을 위해 소프트웨어 페이지 테이블을 사용하십시오. 정확도는 가장 높지만 성능은 가장 느립니다.",
   "MemoryManagerHostTooltip": "호스트 주소 공간에서 메모리를 직접 매핑합니다. 훨씬 더 빠른 JIT 컴파일 및 실행.",
   "MemoryManagerUnsafeTooltip": "메모리를 직접 매핑하지만 액세스하기 전에 게스트 주소 공간 내의 주소를 마스킹하지 마십시오. 더 빠르지만 안전을 희생해야 합니다. 게스트 응용 프로그램은 Ryujinx의 어디에서나 메모리에 액세스할 수 있으므로 이 모드로 신뢰할 수 있는 프로그램만 실행하십시오.",
-  "DRamTooltip": "에뮬레이트된 시스템의 메모리 양을 4GB에서 6GB로 확장",
+  "DRamTooltip": "에뮬레이트된 시스템의 메모리 양을 4GiB에서 6GiB로 확장",
   "IgnoreMissingServicesTooltip": "누락된 서비스 무시 옵션 활성화 또는 비활성화",
   "GraphicsBackendThreadingTooltip": "그래픽 백엔드 멀티스레딩 활성화",
   "GalThreadingTooltip": "두 번째 스레드에서 그래픽 백엔드 명령을 실행합니다. 셰이더 컴파일의 런타임 멀티스레딩을 허용하고, 말더듬을 줄이고, 자체 멀티스레딩 지원 없이 드라이버의 성능을 개선합니다. 멀티스레딩이 있는 드라이버에서 약간 다른 최대 성능. 드라이버 내장 멀티스레딩을 올바르게 비활성화하려면 Ryujinx를 다시 시작해야 할 수도 있고 최상의 성능을 얻으려면 수동으로 수행해야 할 수도 있습니다.",

Ryujinx.Ava/Assets/Locales/pl_PL.json

@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@
   "SettingsTabSystemAudioBackendSDL2": "SDL2",
   "SettingsTabSystemHacks": "Hacki",
   "SettingsTabSystemHacksNote": " (mogą powodować niestabilność)",
-  "SettingsTabSystemExpandDramSize": "Rozszerz Rozmiar DRAM do 6 GB",
+  "SettingsTabSystemExpandDramSize": "Rozszerz Rozmiar DRAM do 6 GiB",
   "SettingsTabSystemIgnoreMissingServices": "Ignoruj Brakujące Usługi",
   "SettingsTabGraphics": "Grafika",
   "SettingsTabGraphicsAPI": "Graficzne API",
@@ -440,7 +440,7 @@
   "MemoryManagerSoftwareTooltip": "Użyj tabeli stron oprogramowania do translacji adresów. Najwyższa celność, ale najwolniejsza wydajność.",
   "MemoryManagerHostTooltip": "Bezpośrednio mapuj pamięć w przestrzeni adresowej hosta. Znacznie szybsza kompilacja i wykonanie JIT.",
   "MemoryManagerUnsafeTooltip": "Bezpośrednio mapuj pamięć, ale nie maskuj adresu w przestrzeni adresowej gościa przed uzyskaniem dostępu. Szybciej, ale kosztem bezpieczeństwa. Aplikacja gościa może uzyskać dostęp do pamięci z dowolnego miejsca w Ryujinx, więc w tym trybie uruchamiaj tylko programy, którym ufasz.",
-  "DRamTooltip": "Zwiększa ilość pamięci w emulowanym systemie z 4 GB do 6 GB.\n\nJest to przydatne tylko w przypadku pakietów tekstur o wyższej rozdzielczości lub modów w rozdzielczości 4k. NIE poprawia wydajności.\n\nW razie wątpliwości pozostaw WYŁĄCZONE.",
+  "DRamTooltip": "Zwiększa ilość pamięci w emulowanym systemie z 4 GiB do 6 GiB.\n\nJest to przydatne tylko w przypadku pakietów tekstur o wyższej rozdzielczości lub modów w rozdzielczości 4k. NIE poprawia wydajności.\n\nW razie wątpliwości pozostaw WYŁĄCZONE.",
   "IgnoreMissingServicesTooltip": "Ignoruje niezaimplementowane usługi Horizon OS. Może to pomóc w ominięciu awarii podczas uruchamiania niektórych gier.\n\nW razie wątpliwości pozostaw WYŁĄCZONE.",
   "GraphicsBackendThreadingTooltip": "Wykonuje polecenia backend'u graficznego w drugim wątku.\n\nPrzyspiesza kompilację shaderów, zmniejsza zacinanie się i poprawia wydajność sterowników GPU bez własnej obsługi wielowątkowości. Nieco lepsza wydajność w sterownikach z wielowątkowością.\n\nUstaw na AUTO, jeśli nie masz pewności.",
   "GalThreadingTooltip": "Wykonuje polecenia backend'u graficznego w drugim wątku.\n\nPrzyspiesza kompilację shaderów, zmniejsza zacinanie się i poprawia wydajność sterowników GPU bez własnej obsługi wielowątkowości. Nieco lepsza wydajność w sterownikach z wielowątkowością.\n\nUstaw na AUTO, jeśli nie masz pewności.",
@@ -583,7 +583,7 @@
   "SettingsTabGraphicsBackend": "Backend Graficzny",
   "SettingsTabGraphicsBackendTooltip": "Używalne Backendy Graficzne",
   "SettingsEnableTextureRecompression": "Włącz Rekompresję Tekstur",
-  "SettingsEnableTextureRecompressionTooltip": "Kompresuje niektóre tekstury w celu zmniejszenia zużycia pamięci VRAM.\n\nZalecane do użytku z GPU, które mają mniej niż 4 GB pamięci VRAM.\n\nW razie wątpliwości pozostaw WYŁĄCZONE.",
+  "SettingsEnableTextureRecompressionTooltip": "Kompresuje niektóre tekstury w celu zmniejszenia zużycia pamięci VRAM.\n\nZalecane do użytku z GPU, które mają mniej niż 4 GiB pamięci VRAM.\n\nW razie wątpliwości pozostaw WYŁĄCZONE.",
   "SettingsTabGraphicsPreferredGpu": "Preferowane GPU",
   "SettingsTabGraphicsPreferredGpuTooltip": "Wybierz kartę graficzną, która będzie używana z backendem graficznym Vulkan.\n\nNie wpływa na GPU używane przez OpenGL.\n\nW razie wątpliwości ustaw flagę GPU jako \"dGPU\". Jeśli żadnej nie ma, pozostaw nietknięte.",
   "SettingsAppRequiredRestartMessage": "Wymagane Zrestartowanie Ryujinx",

Ryujinx.Ava/Assets/Locales/pt_BR.json

@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@
   "SettingsTabSystemAudioBackendSDL2": "SDL2",
   "SettingsTabSystemHacks": "Hacks",
   "SettingsTabSystemHacksNote": " (Pode causar instabilidade)",
-  "SettingsTabSystemExpandDramSize": "Expandir memória para 6GB",
+  "SettingsTabSystemExpandDramSize": "Expandir memória para 6GiB",
   "SettingsTabSystemIgnoreMissingServices": "Ignorar serviços não implementados",
   "SettingsTabGraphics": "Gráficos",
   "SettingsTabGraphicsAPI": "API gráfica",
@@ -440,7 +440,7 @@
   "MemoryManagerSoftwareTooltip": "Usar uma tabela de página via software para tradução de endereços. Maior precisão, porém performance mais baixa.",
   "MemoryManagerHostTooltip": "Mapeia memória no espaço de endereço hóspede diretamente. Compilação e execução do JIT muito mais rápida.",
   "MemoryManagerUnsafeTooltip": "Mapeia memória diretamente, mas sem limitar o acesso ao espaço de endereçamento do sistema convidado. Mais rápido, porém menos seguro. O aplicativo convidado pode acessar memória de qualquer parte do Ryujinx, então apenas rode programas em que você confia nesse modo.",
-  "DRamTooltip": "Expande a memória do sistema emulado de 4GB para 6GB",
+  "DRamTooltip": "Expande a memória do sistema emulado de 4GiB para 6GiB",
   "IgnoreMissingServicesTooltip": "Habilita ou desabilita a opção de ignorar serviços não implementados",
   "GraphicsBackendThreadingTooltip": "Habilita multithreading do backend gráfico",
   "GalThreadingTooltip": "Executa comandos do backend gráfico em uma segunda thread. Permite multithreading em tempo de execução da compilação de shader, diminui os travamentos, e melhora performance em drivers sem suporte embutido a multithreading. Pequena variação na performance máxima em drivers com suporte a multithreading. Ryujinx pode precisar ser reiniciado para desabilitar adequadamente o multithreading embutido do driver, ou você pode precisar fazer isso manualmente para ter a melhor performance.",

Ryujinx.Ava/Assets/Locales/ru_RU.json

@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@
   "SettingsTabSystemAudioBackendSDL2": "SDL2",
   "SettingsTabSystemHacks": "Хаки",
   "SettingsTabSystemHacksNote": " (Эти многие настройки вызывают нестабильность)",
-  "SettingsTabSystemExpandDramSize": "Увеличение размера DRAM до 6GB",
+  "SettingsTabSystemExpandDramSize": "Увеличение размера DRAM до 6GiB",
   "SettingsTabSystemIgnoreMissingServices": "Игнорировать отсутствующие службы",
   "SettingsTabGraphics": "Графика",
   "SettingsTabGraphicsAPI": "Графические API",

Ryujinx.Ava/Assets/Locales/tr_TR.json

@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@
   "SettingsTabSystemAudioBackendSDL2": "SDL2",
   "SettingsTabSystemHacks": "Hacklar",
   "SettingsTabSystemHacksNote": " (Bunlar birçok dengesizlik oluşturabilir)",
-  "SettingsTabSystemExpandDramSize": "DRAM boyutunu 6GB'a genişlet",
+  "SettingsTabSystemExpandDramSize": "DRAM boyutunu 6GiB'a genişlet",
   "SettingsTabSystemIgnoreMissingServices": "Eksik Servisleri Görmezden Gel",
   "SettingsTabGraphics": "Grafikler",
   "SettingsTabGraphicsAPI": "Grafikler API",
@@ -440,7 +440,7 @@
   "MemoryManagerSoftwareTooltip": "Adres çevirisi için bir işlemci sayfası kullanır. En yüksek doğruluğu ve en yavaş performansı sunar.",
   "MemoryManagerHostTooltip": "Hafızayı doğrudan host adres aralığında tahsis eder. Çok daha hızlı JIT derleme ve işletimi sunar.",
   "MemoryManagerUnsafeTooltip": "Hafızayı doğrudan tahsis eder, ancak host aralığına erişimden önce adresi maskelemez. Daha iyi performansa karşılık emniyetten ödün verir. Misafir uygulama Ryujinx içerisinden istediği hafızaya erişebilir, bu sebeple bu seçenek ile sadece güvendiğiniz uygulamaları çalıştırın.",
-  "DRamTooltip": "Emüle edilen sistem hafızasını 4GB'dan 6GB'a yükseltir.\n\nBu seçenek yalnızca yüksek çözünürlük doku paketleri veya 4k çözünürlük modları için kullanılır. Performansı artırMAZ!\n\nEmin değilseniz devre dışı bırakın.",
+  "DRamTooltip": "Emüle edilen sistem hafızasını 4GiB'dan 6GiB'a yükseltir.\n\nBu seçenek yalnızca yüksek çözünürlük doku paketleri veya 4k çözünürlük modları için kullanılır. Performansı artırMAZ!\n\nEmin değilseniz devre dışı bırakın.",
   "IgnoreMissingServicesTooltip": "Henüz programlanmamış Horizon işletim sistemi servislerini görmezden gelir. Bu seçenek belirli oyunların açılırken çökmesinin önüne geçmeye yardımcı olabilir.\n\nEmin değilseniz devre dışı bırakın.",
   "GraphicsBackendThreadingTooltip": "Grafik arka uç komutlarını ikinci bir iş parçacığında işletir.\n\nKendi multithreading desteği olmayan sürücülerde shader derlemeyi hızlandırıp performansı artırır. Multithreading desteği olan sürücülerde çok az daha iyi performans sağlar.\n\nEmin değilseniz Otomatik seçeneğine ayarlayın.",
   "GalThreadingTooltip": "Grafik arka uç komutlarını ikinci bir iş parçacığında işletir.\n\nKendi multithreading desteği olmayan sürücülerde shader derlemeyi hızlandırıp performansı artırır. Multithreading desteği olan sürücülerde çok az daha iyi performans sağlar.\n\nEmin değilseniz Otomatik seçeneğine ayarlayın.",

Ryujinx.Ava/Assets/Locales/zh_CN.json

@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@
   "SettingsTabSystemAudioBackendSDL2": "SDL2",
   "SettingsTabSystemHacks": "修正",
   "SettingsTabSystemHacksNote": " (会引起模拟器不稳定)",
-  "SettingsTabSystemExpandDramSize": "将模拟RAM大小扩展到 6GB",
+  "SettingsTabSystemExpandDramSize": "将模拟RAM大小扩展到 6GiB",
   "SettingsTabSystemIgnoreMissingServices": "忽略缺少的服务",
   "SettingsTabGraphics": "图形",
   "SettingsTabGraphicsAPI": "图形 API",
@@ -440,7 +440,7 @@
   "MemoryManagerSoftwareTooltip": "使用软件内存页管理，最精确但是速度最慢",
   "MemoryManagerHostTooltip": "直接映射内存页到电脑内存，JIT效率高",
   "MemoryManagerUnsafeTooltip": "直接映射内存页，但不检查内存溢出，JIT效率最高。\nRyujinx可以访问任何位置的内存，因而相对不安全。\n此模式下只应运行您信任的游戏或软件(即官方游戏)",
-  "DRamTooltip": "扩展模拟的 Switch 内存为6GB。\n某些高清纹理MOD或4K MOD需要此选项",
+  "DRamTooltip": "扩展模拟的 Switch 内存为6GiB。\n某些高清纹理MOD或4K MOD需要此选项",
   "IgnoreMissingServicesTooltip": "开启后，游戏会忽略未实现的系统服务，从而继续运行。\n少部分新发布的游戏由于使用新的未知系统服务，可能需要此选项来避免闪退。\n模拟器更新完善系统服务之后，则无需开启选项。\n如您的游戏已经正常运行，请保持此选项关闭",
   "GraphicsBackendThreadingTooltip": "启用后端多线程",
   "GalThreadingTooltip": "使用模拟器内置的多线程优化，减少着色器编译的卡顿，并提高驱动程序的性能(尤其是缺失多线程的AMD)。\nNVIDIA显卡需要重启模拟器才能禁用驱动本身的线程优化，您也可以手动在控制面板将其禁用",
@@ -583,7 +583,7 @@
   "SettingsTabGraphicsBackend": "图形后端",
   "SettingsTabGraphicsBackendTooltip": "显卡使用的图形后端",
   "SettingsEnableTextureRecompression": "启用纹理重压缩",
-  "SettingsEnableTextureRecompressionTooltip": "压缩某些纹理以减少显存的使用。\n适合显存小于 4GB 的 GPU开启。\n如果您不确定，请保持此项为关闭。",
+  "SettingsEnableTextureRecompressionTooltip": "压缩某些纹理以减少显存的使用。\n适合显存小于 4GiB 的 GPU开启。\n如果您不确定，请保持此项为关闭。",
   "SettingsTabGraphicsPreferredGpu": "首选 GPU",
   "SettingsTabGraphicsPreferredGpuTooltip": "选择Vulkan API使用的显卡。\n此选项不会影响OpenGL API。\n如果您不确定，建议选择\"dGPU(独立显卡)\"。如果没有独立显卡，则无需改动此选项",
   "SettingsAppRequiredRestartMessage": "Ryujinx 需要重启",

Ryujinx.Ava/Assets/Locales/zh_TW.json

@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@
   "SettingsTabSystemAudioBackendSDL2": "SDL2",
   "SettingsTabSystemHacks": "修正",
   "SettingsTabSystemHacksNote": " (會引起模擬器不穩定)",
-  "SettingsTabSystemExpandDramSize": "將模擬記憶體大小擴充至 6GB",
+  "SettingsTabSystemExpandDramSize": "將模擬記憶體大小擴充至 6GiB",
   "SettingsTabSystemIgnoreMissingServices": "忽略缺少的服務",
   "SettingsTabGraphics": "圖形",
   "SettingsTabGraphicsEnhancements": "增強",
@@ -440,7 +440,7 @@
   "MemoryManagerSoftwareTooltip": "使用軟體記憶體頁管理，最精確但是速度最慢",
   "MemoryManagerHostTooltip": "直接映射記憶體頁到電腦記憶體，JIT效率高",
   "MemoryManagerUnsafeTooltip": "直接映射記憶體頁，但是不檢查記憶體溢出，JIT效率最高。\nRyujinx可以存取任何位置的記憶體，因而相對不安全。此模式下只應執行您信任的遊戲或軟體(即官方遊戲)",
-  "DRamTooltip": "擴展模擬的 Switch 記憶體為6GB，某些高畫質材質模組或 4K 模組需要此選項",
+  "DRamTooltip": "擴展模擬的 Switch 記憶體為6GiB，某些高畫質材質模組或 4K 模組需要此選項",
   "IgnoreMissingServicesTooltip": "忽略某些未實現的系統服務，少部分遊戲需要此選項才能啟動",
   "GraphicsBackendThreadingTooltip": "啟用後端多執行緒",
   "GalThreadingTooltip": "使用模擬器自帶的多執行緒調度，減少渲染器編譯的卡頓，並提高驅動程式的效能(尤其是缺失多執行緒的AMD)。\nNVIDIA使用者需要重啟模擬器才能停用驅動本身的多執行緒，否則您需手動執行停用獲得最佳效能",

Ryujinx.Ava/Common/Locale/LocaleManager.cs

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 using Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.ViewModels;
 using Ryujinx.Common;
+using Ryujinx.Common.Utilities;
 using Ryujinx.Ui.Common.Configuration;
 using System.Collections.Concurrent;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
@@ -93,7 +94,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Common.Locale
                 return;
             }
 
-            var strings = JsonSerializer.Deserialize<Dictionary<string, string>>(languageJson);
+            var strings = JsonHelper.Deserialize<Dictionary<string, string>>(languageJson);
 
             foreach (var item in strings)
             {

Ryujinx.Ava/Ryujinx.Ava.csproj

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
   </PropertyGroup>
 
   <ItemGroup>
-    <PackageReference Include="Avalonia" Version="0.10.15" />
+    <PackageReference Include="Avalonia" Version="0.10.18" />
     <PackageReference Include="Avalonia.Desktop" Version="0.10.15" />
     <PackageReference Include="Avalonia.Diagnostics" Version="0.10.15" />
     <PackageReference Include="Avalonia.Controls.DataGrid" Version="0.10.15" />
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
     <PackageReference Include="Silk.NET.Vulkan" Version="2.10.1" />
     <PackageReference Include="Silk.NET.Vulkan.Extensions.EXT" Version="2.10.1" />
     <PackageReference Include="Silk.NET.Vulkan.Extensions.KHR" Version="2.10.1" />
-    <PackageReference Include="SPB" Version="0.0.4-build27" />
+    <PackageReference Include="SPB" Version="0.0.4-build28" />
     <PackageReference Include="SharpZipLib" Version="1.3.3" />
     <PackageReference Include="SixLabors.ImageSharp" Version="1.0.4" />
   </ItemGroup>

Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Models/FileSizeSortComparer.cs

@@ -10,22 +10,22 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.Models
             string aValue = (x as ApplicationData).TimePlayed;
             string bValue = (y as ApplicationData).TimePlayed;
 
-            if (aValue[^2..] == "GB")
+            if (aValue[^3..] == "GiB")
             {
-                aValue = (float.Parse(aValue[0..^2]) * 1024).ToString();
+                aValue = (float.Parse(aValue[0..^3]) * 1024).ToString();
             }
             else
             {
-                aValue = aValue[0..^2];
+                aValue = aValue[0..^3];
             }
 
-            if (bValue[^2..] == "GB")
+            if (bValue[^3..] == "GiB")
             {
-                bValue = (float.Parse(bValue[0..^2]) * 1024).ToString();
+                bValue = (float.Parse(bValue[0..^3]) * 1024).ToString();
             }
             else
             {
-                bValue = bValue[0..^2];
+                bValue = bValue[0..^3];
             }
 
             if (float.Parse(aValue) > float.Parse(bValue))

Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Models/Generic/FileSizeSortComparer.cs

@@ -15,22 +15,22 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.Models.Generic
             string aValue = x.FileSize;
             string bValue = y.FileSize;
 
-            if (aValue[^2..] == "GB")
+            if (aValue[^3..] == "GiB")
             {
-                aValue = (float.Parse(aValue[0..^2]) * 1024).ToString();
+                aValue = (float.Parse(aValue[0..^3]) * 1024).ToString();
             }
             else
             {
-                aValue = aValue[0..^2];
+                aValue = aValue[0..^3];
             }
 
-            if (bValue[^2..] == "GB")
+            if (bValue[^3..] == "GiB")
             {
-                bValue = (float.Parse(bValue[0..^2]) * 1024).ToString();
+                bValue = (float.Parse(bValue[0..^3]) * 1024).ToString();
             }
             else
             {
-                bValue = bValue[0..^2];
+                bValue = bValue[0..^3];
             }
 
             if (float.Parse(aValue) > float.Parse(bValue))

Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/ViewModels/AmiiboWindowViewModel.cs

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ using Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.Models;
 using Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.Windows;
 using Ryujinx.Common;
 using Ryujinx.Common.Configuration;
+using Ryujinx.Common.Utilities;
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
@@ -189,7 +190,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.ViewModels
             {
                 amiiboJsonString = File.ReadAllText(_amiiboJsonPath);
 
-                if (await NeedsUpdate(JsonSerializer.Deserialize<Amiibo.AmiiboJson>(amiiboJsonString).LastUpdated))
+                if (await NeedsUpdate(JsonHelper.Deserialize<Amiibo.AmiiboJson>(amiiboJsonString).LastUpdated))
                 {
                     amiiboJsonString = await DownloadAmiiboJson();
                 }
@@ -206,7 +207,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.ViewModels
                 }
             }
 
-            _amiiboList = JsonSerializer.Deserialize<Amiibo.AmiiboJson>(amiiboJsonString).Amiibo;
+            _amiiboList = JsonHelper.Deserialize<Amiibo.AmiiboJson>(amiiboJsonString).Amiibo;
             _amiiboList = _amiiboList.OrderBy(amiibo => amiibo.AmiiboSeries).ToList();
 
             ParseAmiiboData();

Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/ViewModels/ControllerSettingsViewModel.cs

@@ -460,8 +460,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.ViewModels
                 {
                     using IGamepad gamepad = _mainWindow.InputManager.KeyboardDriver.GetGamepad(id);
 
-                    Logger.Info?.Print(LogClass.Configuration, $"{GetShortGamepadName(gamepad.Name)} has been connected with ID: {gamepad.Id}");
-
                     if (gamepad != null)
                     {
                         Devices.Add((DeviceType.Keyboard, id, $"{GetShortGamepadName(gamepad.Name)}"));
@@ -472,8 +470,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.ViewModels
                 {
                     using IGamepad gamepad = _mainWindow.InputManager.GamepadDriver.GetGamepad(id);
 
-                    Logger.Info?.Print(LogClass.Configuration, $"{GetShortGamepadName(gamepad.Name)} has been connected with ID: {gamepad.Id}");
-
                     if (gamepad != null)
                     {
                         if (Devices.Any(controller => GetShortGamepadId(controller.Id) == GetShortGamepadId(gamepad.Id)))

Ryujinx.Common/SystemInfo/LinuxSystemInfo.cs

@@ -36,13 +36,13 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Common.SystemInfo
 
             ParseKeyValues("/proc/meminfo", memDict);
 
-            // Entries are in KB
-            ulong.TryParse(memDict["MemTotal"]?.Split(' ')[0], NumberStyles.Integer, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, out ulong totalKB);
-            ulong.TryParse(memDict["MemAvailable"]?.Split(' ')[0], NumberStyles.Integer, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, out ulong availableKB);
+            // Entries are in KiB
+            ulong.TryParse(memDict["MemTotal"]?.Split(' ')[0], NumberStyles.Integer, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, out ulong totalKiB);
+            ulong.TryParse(memDict["MemAvailable"]?.Split(' ')[0], NumberStyles.Integer, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, out ulong availableKiB);
 
             CpuName = $"{cpuName} ; {LogicalCoreCount} logical";
-            RamTotal = totalKB * 1024;
-            RamAvailable = availableKB * 1024;
+            RamTotal = totalKiB * 1024;
+            RamAvailable = availableKiB * 1024;
         }
 
         private static void ParseKeyValues(string filePath, Dictionary<string, string> itemDict)

Ryujinx.Common/SystemInfo/SystemInfo.cs

@@ -20,13 +20,13 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Common.SystemInfo
             CpuName = "Unknown";
         }
 
-        private static string ToMBString(ulong bytesValue) => (bytesValue == 0) ? "Unknown" : $"{bytesValue / 1024 / 1024} MB";
+        private static string ToMiBString(ulong bytesValue) => (bytesValue == 0) ? "Unknown" : $"{bytesValue / 1024 / 1024} MiB";
 
         public void Print()
         {
             Logger.Notice.Print(LogClass.Application, $"Operating System: {OsDescription}");
             Logger.Notice.Print(LogClass.Application, $"CPU: {CpuName}");
-            Logger.Notice.Print(LogClass.Application, $"RAM: Total {ToMBString(RamTotal)} ; Available {ToMBString(RamAvailable)}");
+            Logger.Notice.Print(LogClass.Application, $"RAM: Total {ToMiBString(RamTotal)} ; Available {ToMiBString(RamAvailable)}");
         }
 
         public static SystemInfo Gather()

Ryujinx.Cpu/IExecutionContext.cs

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu
         long TpidrroEl0 { get; set; }
 
         /// <summary>
-        /// Processor State register.
+        /// Processor State Register.
         /// </summary>
         uint Pstate { get; set; }
 
@@ -109,4 +109,4 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu
         /// </remarks>
         void StopRunning();
     }
-}
+}

Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL/BufferAssignment.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL
+{
+    public struct BufferAssignment
+    {
+        public readonly int Binding;
+        public readonly BufferRange Range;
+
+        public BufferAssignment(int binding, BufferRange range)
+        {
+            Binding = binding;
+            Range = range;
+        }
+    }
+}

Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL/Capabilities.cs

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL
         public readonly bool SupportsFragmentShaderOrderingIntel;
         public readonly bool SupportsGeometryShaderPassthrough;
         public readonly bool SupportsImageLoadFormatted;
+        public readonly bool SupportsLayerVertexTessellation;
         public readonly bool SupportsMismatchingViewFormat;
         public readonly bool SupportsCubemapView;
         public readonly bool SupportsNonConstantTextureOffset;
@@ -55,6 +56,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL
             bool supportsFragmentShaderOrderingIntel,
             bool supportsGeometryShaderPassthrough,
             bool supportsImageLoadFormatted,
+            bool supportsLayerVertexTessellation,
             bool supportsMismatchingViewFormat,
             bool supportsCubemapView,
             bool supportsNonConstantTextureOffset,
@@ -86,6 +88,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL
             SupportsFragmentShaderOrderingIntel = supportsFragmentShaderOrderingIntel;
             SupportsGeometryShaderPassthrough = supportsGeometryShaderPassthrough;
             SupportsImageLoadFormatted = supportsImageLoadFormatted;
+            SupportsLayerVertexTessellation = supportsLayerVertexTessellation;
             SupportsMismatchingViewFormat = supportsMismatchingViewFormat;
             SupportsCubemapView = supportsCubemapView;
             SupportsNonConstantTextureOffset = supportsNonConstantTextureOffset;

Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL/IPipeline.cs

@@ -86,12 +86,12 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL
 
         void SetStencilTest(StencilTestDescriptor stencilTest);
 
-        void SetStorageBuffers(int first, ReadOnlySpan<BufferRange> buffers);
+        void SetStorageBuffers(ReadOnlySpan<BufferAssignment> buffers);
 
         void SetTextureAndSampler(ShaderStage stage, int binding, ITexture texture, ISampler sampler);
 
         void SetTransformFeedbackBuffers(ReadOnlySpan<BufferRange> buffers);
-        void SetUniformBuffers(int first, ReadOnlySpan<BufferRange> buffers);
+        void SetUniformBuffers(ReadOnlySpan<BufferAssignment> buffers);
 
         void SetUserClipDistance(int index, bool enableClip);
 

Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL/Multithreading/BufferMap.cs

@@ -142,6 +142,30 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL.Multithreading
             return ranges;
         }
 
+        internal Span<BufferAssignment> MapBufferRanges(Span<BufferAssignment> ranges)
+        {
+            // Rewrite the buffer ranges to point to the mapped handles.
+
+            lock (_bufferMap)
+            {
+                for (int i = 0; i < ranges.Length; i++)
+                {
+                    ref BufferAssignment assignment = ref ranges[i];
+                    BufferRange range = assignment.Range;
+                    BufferHandle result;
+
+                    if (!_bufferMap.TryGetValue(range.Handle, out result))
+                    {
+                        result = BufferHandle.Null;
+                    }
+
+                    assignment = new BufferAssignment(ranges[i].Binding, new BufferRange(result, range.Offset, range.Size));
+                }
+            }
+
+            return ranges;
+        }
+
         internal Span<VertexBufferDescriptor> MapBufferRanges(Span<VertexBufferDescriptor> ranges)
         {
             // Rewrite the buffer ranges to point to the mapped handles.

Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL/Multithreading/Commands/SetStorageBuffersCommand.cs

@@ -6,19 +6,17 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL.Multithreading.Commands
     struct SetStorageBuffersCommand : IGALCommand
     {
         public CommandType CommandType => CommandType.SetStorageBuffers;
-        private int _first;
-        private SpanRef<BufferRange> _buffers;
+        private SpanRef<BufferAssignment> _buffers;
 
-        public void Set(int first, SpanRef<BufferRange> buffers)
+        public void Set(SpanRef<BufferAssignment> buffers)
         {
-            _first = first;
             _buffers = buffers;
         }
 
         public static void Run(ref SetStorageBuffersCommand command, ThreadedRenderer threaded, IRenderer renderer)
         {
-            Span<BufferRange> buffers = command._buffers.Get(threaded);
-            renderer.Pipeline.SetStorageBuffers(command._first, threaded.Buffers.MapBufferRanges(buffers));
+            Span<BufferAssignment> buffers = command._buffers.Get(threaded);
+            renderer.Pipeline.SetStorageBuffers(threaded.Buffers.MapBufferRanges(buffers));
             command._buffers.Dispose(threaded);
         }
     }

Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL/Multithreading/Commands/SetUniformBuffersCommand.cs

@@ -6,19 +6,17 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL.Multithreading.Commands
     struct SetUniformBuffersCommand : IGALCommand
     {
         public CommandType CommandType => CommandType.SetUniformBuffers;
-        private int _first;
-        private SpanRef<BufferRange> _buffers;
+        private SpanRef<BufferAssignment> _buffers;
 
-        public void Set(int first, SpanRef<BufferRange> buffers)
+        public void Set(SpanRef<BufferAssignment> buffers)
         {
-            _first = first;
             _buffers = buffers;
         }
 
         public static void Run(ref SetUniformBuffersCommand command, ThreadedRenderer threaded, IRenderer renderer)
         {
-            Span<BufferRange> buffers = command._buffers.Get(threaded);
-            renderer.Pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(command._first, threaded.Buffers.MapBufferRanges(buffers));
+            Span<BufferAssignment> buffers = command._buffers.Get(threaded);
+            renderer.Pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(threaded.Buffers.MapBufferRanges(buffers));
             command._buffers.Dispose(threaded);
         }
     }

Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL/Multithreading/ThreadedPipeline.cs

@@ -275,9 +275,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL.Multithreading
             _renderer.QueueCommand();
         }
 
-        public void SetStorageBuffers(int first, ReadOnlySpan<BufferRange> buffers)
+        public void SetStorageBuffers(ReadOnlySpan<BufferAssignment> buffers)
         {
-            _renderer.New<SetStorageBuffersCommand>().Set(first, _renderer.CopySpan(buffers));
+            _renderer.New<SetStorageBuffersCommand>().Set(_renderer.CopySpan(buffers));
             _renderer.QueueCommand();
         }
 
@@ -293,9 +293,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL.Multithreading
             _renderer.QueueCommand();
         }
 
-        public void SetUniformBuffers(int first, ReadOnlySpan<BufferRange> buffers)
+        public void SetUniformBuffers(ReadOnlySpan<BufferAssignment> buffers)
         {
-            _renderer.New<SetUniformBuffersCommand>().Set(first, _renderer.CopySpan(buffers));
+            _renderer.New<SetUniformBuffersCommand>().Set(_renderer.CopySpan(buffers));
             _renderer.QueueCommand();
         }
 

Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Constants.cs

@@ -95,5 +95,10 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu
         /// Byte alignment for block linear textures
         /// </summary>
         public const int GobAlignment = 64;
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Expected byte alignment for storage buffers
+        /// </summary>
+        public const int StorageAlignment = 16;
     }
 }

Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Engine/Compute/ComputeClass.cs

@@ -138,7 +138,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Engine.Compute
                 qmd.CtaThreadDimension1,
                 qmd.CtaThreadDimension2,
                 localMemorySize,
-                sharedMemorySize);
+                sharedMemorySize,
+                _channel.BufferManager.HasUnalignedStorageBuffers);
 
             CachedShaderProgram cs = memoryManager.Physical.ShaderCache.GetComputeShader(_channel, poolState, computeState, shaderGpuVa);
 
@@ -150,6 +151,33 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Engine.Compute
 
             ShaderProgramInfo info = cs.Shaders[0].Info;
 
+            bool hasUnaligned = _channel.BufferManager.HasUnalignedStorageBuffers;
+
+            for (int index = 0; index < info.SBuffers.Count; index++)
+            {
+                BufferDescriptor sb = info.SBuffers[index];
+
+                ulong sbDescAddress = _channel.BufferManager.GetComputeUniformBufferAddress(0);
+
+                int sbDescOffset = 0x310 + sb.Slot * 0x10;
+
+                sbDescAddress += (ulong)sbDescOffset;
+
+                SbDescriptor sbDescriptor = _channel.MemoryManager.Physical.Read<SbDescriptor>(sbDescAddress);
+
+                _channel.BufferManager.SetComputeStorageBuffer(sb.Slot, sbDescriptor.PackAddress(), (uint)sbDescriptor.Size, sb.Flags);
+            }
+
+            if ((_channel.BufferManager.HasUnalignedStorageBuffers) != hasUnaligned)
+            {
+                // Refetch the shader, as assumptions about storage buffer alignment have changed.
+                cs = memoryManager.Physical.ShaderCache.GetComputeShader(_channel, poolState, computeState, shaderGpuVa);
+
+                _context.Renderer.Pipeline.SetProgram(cs.HostProgram);
+
+                info = cs.Shaders[0].Info;
+            }
+
             for (int index = 0; index < info.CBuffers.Count; index++)
             {
                 BufferDescriptor cb = info.CBuffers[index];
@@ -174,21 +202,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Engine.Compute
                 _channel.BufferManager.SetComputeUniformBuffer(cb.Slot, cbDescriptor.PackAddress(), (uint)cbDescriptor.Size);
             }
 
-            for (int index = 0; index < info.SBuffers.Count; index++)
-            {
-                BufferDescriptor sb = info.SBuffers[index];
-
-                ulong sbDescAddress = _channel.BufferManager.GetComputeUniformBufferAddress(0);
-
-                int sbDescOffset = 0x310 + sb.Slot * 0x10;
-
-                sbDescAddress += (ulong)sbDescOffset;
-
-                SbDescriptor sbDescriptor = _channel.MemoryManager.Physical.Read<SbDescriptor>(sbDescAddress);
-
-                _channel.BufferManager.SetComputeStorageBuffer(sb.Slot, sbDescriptor.PackAddress(), (uint)sbDescriptor.Size, sb.Flags);
-            }
-
             _channel.BufferManager.SetComputeStorageBufferBindings(info.SBuffers);
             _channel.BufferManager.SetComputeUniformBufferBindings(info.CBuffers);
 

Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Engine/GPFifo/GPFifoDevice.cs

@@ -51,16 +51,35 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Engine.GPFifo
             /// </summary>
             public uint EntryCount;
 
+            /// <summary>
+            /// Get the entries for the command buffer from memory.
+            /// </summary>
+            /// <param name="memoryManager">The memory manager used to fetch the data</param>
+            /// <param name="flush">If true, flushes potential GPU written data before reading the command buffer</param>
+            /// <returns>The fetched data</returns>
+            private ReadOnlySpan<int> GetWords(MemoryManager memoryManager, bool flush)
+            {
+                return MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, int>(memoryManager.GetSpan(EntryAddress, (int)EntryCount * 4, flush));
+            }
+
+            /// <summary>
+            /// Prefetch the command buffer.
+            /// </summary>
+            /// <param name="memoryManager">The memory manager used to fetch the data</param>
+            public void Prefetch(MemoryManager memoryManager)
+            {
+                Words = GetWords(memoryManager, true).ToArray();
+            }
+
             /// <summary>
             /// Fetch the command buffer.
             /// </summary>
+            /// <param name="memoryManager">The memory manager used to fetch the data</param>
             /// <param name="flush">If true, flushes potential GPU written data before reading the command buffer</param>
-            public void Fetch(MemoryManager memoryManager, bool flush = true)
+            /// <returns>The command buffer words</returns>
+            public ReadOnlySpan<int> Fetch(MemoryManager memoryManager, bool flush)
             {
-                if (Words == null)
-                {
-                    Words = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, int>(memoryManager.GetSpan(EntryAddress, (int)EntryCount * 4, flush)).ToArray();
-                }
+                return Words ?? GetWords(memoryManager, flush);
             }
         }
 
@@ -158,7 +177,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Engine.GPFifo
 
                 if (beforeBarrier && commandBuffer.Type == CommandBufferType.Prefetch)
                 {
-                    commandBuffer.Fetch(processor.MemoryManager);
+                    commandBuffer.Prefetch(processor.MemoryManager);
                 }
 
                 if (commandBuffer.Type == CommandBufferType.NoPrefetch)
@@ -199,7 +218,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Engine.GPFifo
                 }
 
                 _currentCommandBuffer = entry;
-                _currentCommandBuffer.Fetch(entry.Processor.MemoryManager, flushCommandBuffer);
+                ReadOnlySpan<int> words = entry.Fetch(entry.Processor.MemoryManager, flushCommandBuffer);
 
                 // If we are changing the current channel,
                 // we need to force all the host state to be updated.
@@ -209,7 +228,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Engine.GPFifo
                     entry.Processor.ForceAllDirty();
                 }
 
-                entry.Processor.Process(entry.EntryAddress, _currentCommandBuffer.Words);
+                entry.Processor.Process(entry.EntryAddress, words);
             }
 
             _interrupt = false;

Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Engine/Threed/DrawManager.cs

@@ -372,7 +372,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Engine.Threed
             float srcX1 = ((float)_state.State.DrawTextureDuDx / (1UL << 32)) * dstWidth + srcX0;
             float srcY1 = ((float)_state.State.DrawTextureDvDy / (1UL << 32)) * dstHeight + srcY0;
 
-            engine.UpdateState();
+            engine.UpdateState(ulong.MaxValue & ~(1UL << StateUpdater.ShaderStateIndex));
+
+            _channel.TextureManager.UpdateRenderTargets();
 
             int textureId = _state.State.DrawTextureTextureId;
             int samplerId = _state.State.DrawTextureSamplerId;

Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Engine/Threed/StateUpdater.cs

@@ -293,9 +293,12 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Engine.Threed
         /// </summary>
         private void CommitBindings()
         {
+            var buffers = _channel.BufferManager;
+            var hasUnaligned = buffers.HasUnalignedStorageBuffers;
+
             UpdateStorageBuffers();
 
-            if (!_channel.TextureManager.CommitGraphicsBindings(_shaderSpecState))
+            if (!_channel.TextureManager.CommitGraphicsBindings(_shaderSpecState) || (buffers.HasUnalignedStorageBuffers != hasUnaligned))
             {
                 // Shader must be reloaded.
                 UpdateShaderState();
@@ -1361,7 +1364,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Engine.Threed
                 _state.State.AlphaTestFunc,
                 _state.State.AlphaTestRef,
                 ref attributeTypes,
-                _drawState.HasConstantBufferDrawParameters);
+                _drawState.HasConstantBufferDrawParameters,
+                _channel.BufferManager.HasUnalignedStorageBuffers);
         }
 
         /// <summary>

Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/GpuChannel.cs

@@ -67,6 +67,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu
 
             // Since the memory manager changed, make sure we will get pools from addresses of the new memory manager.
             TextureManager.ReloadPools();
+            MemoryManager.Physical.BufferCache.QueuePrune();
         }
 
         /// <summary>
@@ -77,6 +78,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu
         private void MemoryUnmappedHandler(object sender, UnmapEventArgs e)
         {
             TextureManager.ReloadPools();
+            MemoryManager.Physical.BufferCache.QueuePrune();
         }
 
         /// <summary>
@@ -131,6 +133,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu
             {
                 oldMemoryManager.Physical.BufferCache.NotifyBuffersModified -= BufferManager.Rebind;
                 oldMemoryManager.Physical.DecrementReferenceCount();
+                oldMemoryManager.MemoryUnmapped -= MemoryUnmappedHandler;
             }
         }
     }

Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Memory/BufferCache.cs

@@ -22,12 +22,17 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
         private readonly GpuContext _context;
         private readonly PhysicalMemory _physicalMemory;
 
+        /// <remarks>
+        /// Only modified from the GPU thread. Must lock for add/remove.
+        /// Must lock for any access from other threads.
+        /// </remarks>
         private readonly RangeList<Buffer> _buffers;
 
         private Buffer[] _bufferOverlaps;
 
         private readonly Dictionary<ulong, BufferCacheEntry> _dirtyCache;
         private readonly Dictionary<ulong, BufferCacheEntry> _modifiedCache;
+        private bool _pruneCaches;
 
         public event Action NotifyBuffersModified;
 
@@ -136,6 +141,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
         /// <param name="size">Size in bytes of the buffer</param>
         public void ForceDirty(MemoryManager memoryManager, ulong gpuVa, ulong size)
         {
+            if (_pruneCaches)
+            {
+                Prune();
+            }
+
             if (!_dirtyCache.TryGetValue(gpuVa, out BufferCacheEntry result) ||
                 result.EndGpuAddress < gpuVa + size ||
                 result.UnmappedSequence != result.Buffer.UnmappedSequence)
@@ -158,17 +168,29 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
         /// <returns>True if modified, false otherwise</returns>
         public bool CheckModified(MemoryManager memoryManager, ulong gpuVa, ulong size, out ulong outAddr)
         {
-            if (!_modifiedCache.TryGetValue(gpuVa, out BufferCacheEntry result) ||
-                result.EndGpuAddress < gpuVa + size ||
-                result.UnmappedSequence != result.Buffer.UnmappedSequence)
+            if (_pruneCaches)
             {
-                ulong address = TranslateAndCreateBuffer(memoryManager, gpuVa, size);
-                result = new BufferCacheEntry(address, gpuVa, GetBuffer(address, size));
-
-                _modifiedCache[gpuVa] = result;
+                Prune();
             }
 
-            outAddr = result.Address;
+            // Align the address to avoid creating too many entries on the quick lookup dictionary.
+            ulong mask = BufferAlignmentMask;
+            ulong alignedGpuVa = gpuVa & (~mask);
+            ulong alignedEndGpuVa = (gpuVa + size + mask) & (~mask);
+
+            size = alignedEndGpuVa - alignedGpuVa;
+
+            if (!_modifiedCache.TryGetValue(alignedGpuVa, out BufferCacheEntry result) ||
+                result.EndGpuAddress < alignedEndGpuVa ||
+                result.UnmappedSequence != result.Buffer.UnmappedSequence)
+            {
+                ulong address = TranslateAndCreateBuffer(memoryManager, alignedGpuVa, size);
+                result = new BufferCacheEntry(address, alignedGpuVa, GetBuffer(address, size));
+
+                _modifiedCache[alignedGpuVa] = result;
+            }
+
+            outAddr = result.Address | (gpuVa & mask);
 
             return result.Buffer.IsModified(result.Address, size);
         }
@@ -182,12 +204,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
         /// <param name="size">Size in bytes of the buffer</param>
         private void CreateBufferAligned(ulong address, ulong size)
         {
-            int overlapsCount;
-
-            lock (_buffers)
-            {
-                overlapsCount = _buffers.FindOverlapsNonOverlapping(address, size, ref _bufferOverlaps);
-            }
+            int overlapsCount = _buffers.FindOverlapsNonOverlapping(address, size, ref _bufferOverlaps);
 
             if (overlapsCount != 0)
             {
@@ -392,10 +409,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
 
             if (size != 0)
             {
-                lock (_buffers)
-                {
-                    buffer = _buffers.FindFirstOverlap(address, size);
-                }
+                buffer = _buffers.FindFirstOverlap(address, size);
 
                 buffer.SynchronizeMemory(address, size);
 
@@ -406,10 +420,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
             }
             else
             {
-                lock (_buffers)
-                {
-                    buffer = _buffers.FindFirstOverlap(address, 1);
-                }
+                buffer = _buffers.FindFirstOverlap(address, 1);
             }
 
             return buffer;
@@ -424,17 +435,60 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
         {
             if (size != 0)
             {
-                Buffer buffer;
-
-                lock (_buffers)
-                {
-                    buffer = _buffers.FindFirstOverlap(address, size);
-                }
+                Buffer buffer = _buffers.FindFirstOverlap(address, size);
 
                 buffer.SynchronizeMemory(address, size);
             }
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Prune any invalid entries from a quick access dictionary.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="dictionary">Dictionary to prune</param>
+        /// <param name="toDelete">List used to track entries to delete</param>
+        private void Prune(Dictionary<ulong, BufferCacheEntry> dictionary, ref List<ulong> toDelete)
+        {
+            foreach (var entry in dictionary)
+            {
+                if (entry.Value.UnmappedSequence != entry.Value.Buffer.UnmappedSequence)
+                {
+                    (toDelete ??= new()).Add(entry.Key);
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (toDelete != null)
+            {
+                foreach (ulong entry in toDelete)
+                {
+                    dictionary.Remove(entry);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Prune any invalid entries from the quick access dictionaries.
+        /// </summary>
+        private void Prune()
+        {
+            List<ulong> toDelete = null;
+
+            Prune(_dirtyCache, ref toDelete);
+
+            toDelete?.Clear();
+
+            Prune(_modifiedCache, ref toDelete);
+
+            _pruneCaches = false;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Queues a prune of invalid entries the next time a dictionary cache is accessed.
+        /// </summary>
+        public void QueuePrune()
+        {
+            _pruneCaches = true;
+        }
+
         /// <summary>
         /// Disposes all buffers in the cache.
         /// It's an error to use the buffer manager after disposal.

Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Memory/BufferManager.cs

@@ -17,11 +17,14 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
         private readonly GpuContext _context;
         private readonly GpuChannel _channel;
 
+        private int _unalignedStorageBuffers;
+        public bool HasUnalignedStorageBuffers => _unalignedStorageBuffers > 0;
+
         private IndexBuffer _indexBuffer;
         private readonly VertexBuffer[] _vertexBuffers;
         private readonly BufferBounds[] _transformFeedbackBuffers;
         private readonly List<BufferTextureBinding> _bufferTextures;
-        private readonly BufferRange[] _ranges;
+        private readonly BufferAssignment[] _ranges;
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Holds shader stage buffer state and binding information.
@@ -38,6 +41,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
             /// </summary>
             public BufferBounds[] Buffers { get; }
 
+            /// <summary>
+            /// Flag indicating if this binding is unaligned.
+            /// </summary>
+            public bool[] Unaligned { get; }
+
             /// <summary>
             /// Total amount of buffers used on the shader.
             /// </summary>
@@ -51,6 +59,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
             {
                 Bindings = new BufferDescriptor[count];
                 Buffers = new BufferBounds[count];
+                Unaligned = new bool[count];
             }
 
             /// <summary>
@@ -125,7 +134,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
 
             _bufferTextures = new List<BufferTextureBinding>();
 
-            _ranges = new BufferRange[Constants.TotalGpUniformBuffers * Constants.ShaderStages];
+            _ranges = new BufferAssignment[Constants.TotalGpUniformBuffers * Constants.ShaderStages];
         }
 
 
@@ -202,6 +211,31 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
             _transformFeedbackBuffersDirty = true;
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Records the alignment of a storage buffer.
+        /// Unaligned storage buffers disable some optimizations on the shader.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="buffers">The binding list to modify</param>
+        /// <param name="index">Index of the storage buffer</param>
+        /// <param name="gpuVa">Start GPU virtual address of the buffer</param>
+        private void RecordStorageAlignment(BuffersPerStage buffers, int index, ulong gpuVa)
+        {
+            bool unaligned = (gpuVa & (Constants.StorageAlignment - 1)) != 0;
+
+            if (unaligned || HasUnalignedStorageBuffers)
+            {
+                // Check if the alignment changed for this binding.
+
+                ref bool currentUnaligned = ref buffers.Unaligned[index];
+
+                if (currentUnaligned != unaligned)
+                {
+                    currentUnaligned = unaligned;
+                    _unalignedStorageBuffers += unaligned ? 1 : -1;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
         /// <summary>
         /// Sets a storage buffer on the compute pipeline.
         /// Storage buffers can be read and written to on shaders.
@@ -214,6 +248,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
         {
             size += gpuVa & ((ulong)_context.Capabilities.StorageBufferOffsetAlignment - 1);
 
+            RecordStorageAlignment(_cpStorageBuffers, index, gpuVa);
+
             gpuVa = BitUtils.AlignDown(gpuVa, _context.Capabilities.StorageBufferOffsetAlignment);
 
             ulong address = _channel.MemoryManager.Physical.BufferCache.TranslateAndCreateBuffer(_channel.MemoryManager, gpuVa, size);
@@ -234,17 +270,21 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
         {
             size += gpuVa & ((ulong)_context.Capabilities.StorageBufferOffsetAlignment - 1);
 
+            BuffersPerStage buffers = _gpStorageBuffers[stage];
+
+            RecordStorageAlignment(buffers, index, gpuVa);
+
             gpuVa = BitUtils.AlignDown(gpuVa, _context.Capabilities.StorageBufferOffsetAlignment);
 
             ulong address = _channel.MemoryManager.Physical.BufferCache.TranslateAndCreateBuffer(_channel.MemoryManager, gpuVa, size);
 
-            if (_gpStorageBuffers[stage].Buffers[index].Address != address ||
-                _gpStorageBuffers[stage].Buffers[index].Size != size)
+            if (buffers.Buffers[index].Address != address ||
+                buffers.Buffers[index].Size != size)
             {
                 _gpStorageBuffersDirty = true;
             }
 
-            _gpStorageBuffers[stage].SetBounds(index, address, size, flags);
+            buffers.SetBounds(index, address, size, flags);
         }
 
         /// <summary>
@@ -578,10 +618,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
         [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
         private void BindBuffers(BufferCache bufferCache, BuffersPerStage[] bindings, bool isStorage)
         {
-            int rangesFirst = 0;
             int rangesCount = 0;
 
-            Span<BufferRange> ranges = _ranges;
+            Span<BufferAssignment> ranges = _ranges;
 
             for (ShaderStage stage = ShaderStage.Vertex; stage <= ShaderStage.Fragment; stage++)
             {
@@ -600,25 +639,14 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
                             ? bufferCache.GetBufferRangeTillEnd(bounds.Address, bounds.Size, isWrite)
                             : bufferCache.GetBufferRange(bounds.Address, bounds.Size);
 
-                        if (rangesCount == 0)
-                        {
-                            rangesFirst = bindingInfo.Binding;
-                        }
-                        else if (bindingInfo.Binding != rangesFirst + rangesCount)
-                        {
-                            SetHostBuffers(ranges, rangesFirst, rangesCount, isStorage);
-                            rangesFirst = bindingInfo.Binding;
-                            rangesCount = 0;
-                        }
-
-                        ranges[rangesCount++] = range;
+                        ranges[rangesCount++] = new BufferAssignment(bindingInfo.Binding, range);
                     }
                 }
             }
 
             if (rangesCount != 0)
             {
-                SetHostBuffers(ranges, rangesFirst, rangesCount, isStorage);
+                SetHostBuffers(ranges, rangesCount, isStorage);
             }
         }
 
@@ -631,10 +659,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
         [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
         private void BindBuffers(BufferCache bufferCache, BuffersPerStage buffers, bool isStorage)
         {
-            int rangesFirst = 0;
             int rangesCount = 0;
 
-            Span<BufferRange> ranges = _ranges;
+            Span<BufferAssignment> ranges = _ranges;
 
             for (int index = 0; index < buffers.Count; index++)
             {
@@ -649,24 +676,13 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
                         ? bufferCache.GetBufferRangeTillEnd(bounds.Address, bounds.Size, isWrite)
                         : bufferCache.GetBufferRange(bounds.Address, bounds.Size);
 
-                    if (rangesCount == 0)
-                    {
-                        rangesFirst = bindingInfo.Binding;
-                    }
-                    else if (bindingInfo.Binding != rangesFirst + rangesCount)
-                    {
-                        SetHostBuffers(ranges, rangesFirst, rangesCount, isStorage);
-                        rangesFirst = bindingInfo.Binding;
-                        rangesCount = 0;
-                    }
-
-                    ranges[rangesCount++] = range;
+                    ranges[rangesCount++] = new BufferAssignment(bindingInfo.Binding, range);
                 }
             }
 
             if (rangesCount != 0)
             {
-                SetHostBuffers(ranges, rangesFirst, rangesCount, isStorage);
+                SetHostBuffers(ranges, rangesCount, isStorage);
             }
         }
 
@@ -678,15 +694,15 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
         /// <param name="count">Number of bindings</param>
         /// <param name="isStorage">Indicates if the buffers are storage or uniform buffers</param>
         [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
-        private void SetHostBuffers(ReadOnlySpan<BufferRange> ranges, int first, int count, bool isStorage)
+        private void SetHostBuffers(ReadOnlySpan<BufferAssignment> ranges, int count, bool isStorage)
         {
             if (isStorage)
             {
-                _context.Renderer.Pipeline.SetStorageBuffers(first, ranges.Slice(0, count));
+                _context.Renderer.Pipeline.SetStorageBuffers(ranges.Slice(0, count));
             }
             else
             {
-                _context.Renderer.Pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(first, ranges.Slice(0, count));
+                _context.Renderer.Pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(ranges.Slice(0, count));
             }
         }
 

Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Memory/BufferModifiedRangeList.cs

@@ -325,13 +325,15 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
         public void ReregisterRanges(Action<ulong, ulong> rangeAction)
         {
             ref var ranges = ref ThreadStaticArray<BufferModifiedRange>.Get();
+            int count;
 
             // Range list must be consistent for this operation.
             lock (_lock)
             {
-                if (ranges.Length < Count)
+                count = Count;
+                if (ranges.Length < count)
                 {
-                    Array.Resize(ref ranges, Count);
+                    Array.Resize(ref ranges, count);
                 }
 
                 int i = 0;
@@ -342,7 +344,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
             }
 
             ulong currentSync = _context.SyncNumber;
-            for (int i = 0; i < Count; i++)
+            for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
             {
                 BufferModifiedRange range = ranges[i];
                 if (range.SyncNumber != currentSync)

Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Shader/ComputeShaderCacheHashTable.cs

@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="channel">GPU channel</param>
         /// <param name="poolState">Texture pool state</param>
+        /// <param name="computeState">Compute state</param>
         /// <param name="gpuVa">GPU virtual address of the compute shader</param>
         /// <param name="program">Cached host program for the given state, if found</param>
         /// <param name="cachedGuestCode">Cached guest code, if any found</param>
@@ -43,6 +44,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
         public bool TryFind(
             GpuChannel channel,
             GpuChannelPoolState poolState,
+            GpuChannelComputeState computeState,
             ulong gpuVa,
             out CachedShaderProgram program,
             out byte[] cachedGuestCode)
@@ -50,7 +52,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
             program = null;
             ShaderCodeAccessor codeAccessor = new ShaderCodeAccessor(channel.MemoryManager, gpuVa);
             bool hasSpecList = _cache.TryFindItem(codeAccessor, out var specList, out cachedGuestCode);
-            return hasSpecList && specList.TryFindForCompute(channel, poolState, out program);
+            return hasSpecList && specList.TryFindForCompute(channel, poolState, computeState, out program);
         }
 
         /// <summary>

Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Shader/DiskCache/DiskCacheGpuAccessor.cs

@@ -225,6 +225,12 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader.DiskCache
             return _oldSpecState.GraphicsState.EarlyZForce;
         }
 
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        public bool QueryHasUnalignedStorageBuffer()
+        {
+            return _oldSpecState.GraphicsState.HasUnalignedStorageBuffer || _oldSpecState.ComputeState.HasUnalignedStorageBuffer;
+        }
+
         /// <inheritdoc/>
         public bool QueryViewportTransformDisable()
         {

Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Shader/DiskCache/DiskCacheHostStorage.cs

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader.DiskCache
         private const ushort FileFormatVersionMajor = 1;
         private const ushort FileFormatVersionMinor = 2;
         private const uint FileFormatVersionPacked = ((uint)FileFormatVersionMajor << 16) | FileFormatVersionMinor;
-        private const uint CodeGenVersion = 3747;
+        private const uint CodeGenVersion = 3868;
 
         private const string SharedTocFileName = "shared.toc";
         private const string SharedDataFileName = "shared.data";
@@ -379,7 +379,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader.DiskCache
 
                             if (context.Capabilities.Api == TargetApi.Vulkan)
                             {
-                                ShaderSource[] shaderSources = ShaderBinarySerializer.Unpack(shaders, hostCode, isCompute);
+                                ShaderSource[] shaderSources = ShaderBinarySerializer.Unpack(shaders, hostCode);
 
                                 hostProgram = context.Renderer.CreateProgram(shaderSources, shaderInfo);
                             }

Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Shader/DiskCache/ParallelDiskCacheLoader.cs

@@ -636,6 +636,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader.DiskCache
             CachedShaderStage[] shaders = new CachedShaderStage[guestShaders.Length];
             List<ShaderProgram> translatedStages = new List<ShaderProgram>();
 
+            TranslatorContext previousStage = null;
+
             for (int stageIndex = 0; stageIndex < Constants.ShaderStages; stageIndex++)
             {
                 TranslatorContext currentStage = translatorContexts[stageIndex + 1];
@@ -668,6 +670,16 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader.DiskCache
                     {
                         translatedStages.Add(program);
                     }
+
+                    previousStage = currentStage;
+                }
+                else if (
+                    previousStage != null &&
+                    previousStage.LayerOutputWritten &&
+                    stageIndex == 3 &&
+                    !_context.Capabilities.SupportsLayerVertexTessellation)
+                {
+                    translatedStages.Add(previousStage.GenerateGeometryPassthrough());
                 }
             }
 

Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Shader/DiskCache/ShaderBinarySerializer.cs

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL;
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation;
+using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.IO;
 
@@ -12,8 +14,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader.DiskCache
             using MemoryStream output = new MemoryStream();
             using BinaryWriter writer = new BinaryWriter(output);
 
+            writer.Write(sources.Length);
+
             for (int i = 0; i < sources.Length; i++)
             {
+                writer.Write((int)sources[i].Stage);
                 writer.Write(sources[i].BinaryCode.Length);
                 writer.Write(sources[i].BinaryCode);
             }
@@ -21,29 +26,40 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader.DiskCache
             return output.ToArray();
         }
 
-        public static ShaderSource[] Unpack(CachedShaderStage[] stages, byte[] code, bool compute)
+        public static ShaderSource[] Unpack(CachedShaderStage[] stages, byte[] code)
         {
             using MemoryStream input = new MemoryStream(code);
             using BinaryReader reader = new BinaryReader(input);
 
             List<ShaderSource> output = new List<ShaderSource>();
 
-            for (int i = compute ? 0 : 1; i < stages.Length; i++)
+            int count = reader.ReadInt32();
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
             {
-                CachedShaderStage stage = stages[i];
-
-                if (stage == null)
-                {
-                    continue;
-                }
-
+                ShaderStage stage = (ShaderStage)reader.ReadInt32();
                 int binaryCodeLength = reader.ReadInt32();
                 byte[] binaryCode = reader.ReadBytes(binaryCodeLength);
 
-                output.Add(new ShaderSource(binaryCode, ShaderCache.GetBindings(stage.Info), stage.Info.Stage, TargetLanguage.Spirv));
+                output.Add(new ShaderSource(binaryCode, GetBindings(stages, stage), stage, TargetLanguage.Spirv));
             }
 
             return output.ToArray();
         }
+
+        private static ShaderBindings GetBindings(CachedShaderStage[] stages, ShaderStage stage)
+        {
+            for (int i = 0; i < stages.Length; i++)
+            {
+                CachedShaderStage currentStage = stages[i];
+
+                if (currentStage != null && currentStage.Info.Stage == stage && currentStage.Info != null)
+                {
+                    return ShaderCache.GetBindings(currentStage.Info);
+                }
+            }
+
+            return new ShaderBindings(Array.Empty<int>(), Array.Empty<int>(), Array.Empty<int>(), Array.Empty<int>());
+        }
     }
 }

Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Shader/GpuAccessor.cs

@@ -145,6 +145,12 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
             return _state.GraphicsState.HasConstantBufferDrawParameters;
         }
 
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        public bool QueryHasUnalignedStorageBuffer()
+        {
+            return _state.GraphicsState.HasUnalignedStorageBuffer || _state.ComputeState.HasUnalignedStorageBuffer;
+        }
+
         /// <inheritdoc/>
         public InputTopology QueryPrimitiveTopology()
         {

Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Shader/GpuAccessorBase.cs

@@ -128,6 +128,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
 
         public bool QueryHostSupportsImageLoadFormatted() => _context.Capabilities.SupportsImageLoadFormatted;
 
+        public bool QueryHostSupportsLayerVertexTessellation() => _context.Capabilities.SupportsLayerVertexTessellation;
+
         public bool QueryHostSupportsNonConstantTextureOffset() => _context.Capabilities.SupportsNonConstantTextureOffset;
 
         public bool QueryHostSupportsShaderBallot() => _context.Capabilities.SupportsShaderBallot;

Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Shader/GpuChannelComputeState.cs

@@ -32,6 +32,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
         /// </summary>
         public readonly int SharedMemorySize;
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Indicates that any storage buffer use is unaligned.
+        /// </summary>
+        public readonly bool HasUnalignedStorageBuffer;
+
         /// <summary>
         /// Creates a new GPU compute state.
         /// </summary>
@@ -40,18 +45,21 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
         /// <param name="localSizeZ">Local group size Z of the compute shader</param>
         /// <param name="localMemorySize">Local memory size of the compute shader</param>
         /// <param name="sharedMemorySize">Shared memory size of the compute shader</param>
+        /// <param name="hasUnalignedStorageBuffer">Indicates that any storage buffer use is unaligned</param>
         public GpuChannelComputeState(
             int localSizeX,
             int localSizeY,
             int localSizeZ,
             int localMemorySize,
-            int sharedMemorySize)
+            int sharedMemorySize,
+            bool hasUnalignedStorageBuffer)
         {
             LocalSizeX = localSizeX;
             LocalSizeY = localSizeY;
             LocalSizeZ = localSizeZ;
             LocalMemorySize = localMemorySize;
             SharedMemorySize = sharedMemorySize;
+            HasUnalignedStorageBuffer = hasUnalignedStorageBuffer;
         }
     }
 }

Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Shader/GpuChannelGraphicsState.cs

@@ -82,6 +82,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
         /// </summary>
         public readonly bool HasConstantBufferDrawParameters;
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Indicates that any storage buffer use is unaligned.
+        /// </summary>
+        public readonly bool HasUnalignedStorageBuffer;
+
         /// <summary>
         /// Creates a new GPU graphics state.
         /// </summary>
@@ -99,6 +104,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
         /// <param name="alphaTestReference">When alpha test is enabled, indicates the value to compare with the fragment output alpha</param>
         /// <param name="attributeTypes">Type of the vertex attributes consumed by the shader</param>
         /// <param name="hasConstantBufferDrawParameters">Indicates that the draw is writing the base vertex, base instance and draw index to Constant Buffer 0</param>
+        /// <param name="hasUnalignedStorageBuffer">Indicates that any storage buffer use is unaligned</param>
         public GpuChannelGraphicsState(
             bool earlyZForce,
             PrimitiveTopology topology,
@@ -113,7 +119,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
             CompareOp alphaTestCompare,
             float alphaTestReference,
             ref Array32<AttributeType> attributeTypes,
-            bool hasConstantBufferDrawParameters)
+            bool hasConstantBufferDrawParameters,
+            bool hasUnalignedStorageBuffer)
         {
             EarlyZForce = earlyZForce;
             Topology = topology;
@@ -129,6 +136,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
             AlphaTestReference = alphaTestReference;
             AttributeTypes = attributeTypes;
             HasConstantBufferDrawParameters = hasConstantBufferDrawParameters;
+            HasUnalignedStorageBuffer = hasUnalignedStorageBuffer;
         }
     }
 }

Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Shader/ShaderCache.cs

@@ -203,12 +203,12 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
             GpuChannelComputeState computeState,
             ulong gpuVa)
         {
-            if (_cpPrograms.TryGetValue(gpuVa, out var cpShader) && IsShaderEqual(channel, poolState, cpShader, gpuVa))
+            if (_cpPrograms.TryGetValue(gpuVa, out var cpShader) && IsShaderEqual(channel, poolState, computeState, cpShader, gpuVa))
             {
                 return cpShader;
             }
 
-            if (_computeShaderCache.TryFind(channel, poolState, gpuVa, out cpShader, out byte[] cachedGuestCode))
+            if (_computeShaderCache.TryFind(channel, poolState, computeState, gpuVa, out cpShader, out byte[] cachedGuestCode))
             {
                 _cpPrograms[gpuVa] = cpShader;
                 return cpShader;
@@ -356,6 +356,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
             CachedShaderStage[] shaders = new CachedShaderStage[Constants.ShaderStages + 1];
             List<ShaderSource> shaderSources = new List<ShaderSource>();
 
+            TranslatorContext previousStage = null;
+
             for (int stageIndex = 0; stageIndex < Constants.ShaderStages; stageIndex++)
             {
                 TranslatorContext currentStage = translatorContexts[stageIndex + 1];
@@ -392,6 +394,16 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
                     {
                         shaderSources.Add(CreateShaderSource(program));
                     }
+
+                    previousStage = currentStage;
+                }
+                else if (
+                    previousStage != null &&
+                    previousStage.LayerOutputWritten &&
+                    stageIndex == 3 &&
+                    !_context.Capabilities.SupportsLayerVertexTessellation)
+                {
+                    shaderSources.Add(CreateShaderSource(previousStage.GenerateGeometryPassthrough()));
                 }
             }
 
@@ -473,18 +485,20 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="channel">GPU channel using the shader</param>
         /// <param name="poolState">GPU channel state to verify shader compatibility</param>
+        /// <param name="computeState">GPU channel compute state to verify shader compatibility</param>
         /// <param name="cpShader">Cached compute shader</param>
         /// <param name="gpuVa">GPU virtual address of the shader code in memory</param>
         /// <returns>True if the code is different, false otherwise</returns>
         private static bool IsShaderEqual(
             GpuChannel channel,
             GpuChannelPoolState poolState,
+            GpuChannelComputeState computeState,
             CachedShaderProgram cpShader,
             ulong gpuVa)
         {
             if (IsShaderEqual(channel.MemoryManager, cpShader.Shaders[0], gpuVa))
             {
-                return cpShader.SpecializationState.MatchesCompute(channel, poolState, true);
+                return cpShader.SpecializationState.MatchesCompute(channel, poolState, computeState, true);
             }
 
             return false;

Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Shader/ShaderSpecializationList.cs

@@ -53,13 +53,14 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="channel">GPU channel</param>
         /// <param name="poolState">Texture pool state</param>
+        /// <param name="computeState">Compute state</param>
         /// <param name="program">Cached program, if found</param>
         /// <returns>True if a compatible program is found, false otherwise</returns>
-        public bool TryFindForCompute(GpuChannel channel, GpuChannelPoolState poolState, out CachedShaderProgram program)
+        public bool TryFindForCompute(GpuChannel channel, GpuChannelPoolState poolState, GpuChannelComputeState computeState, out CachedShaderProgram program)
         {
             foreach (var entry in _entries)
             {
-                if (entry.SpecializationState.MatchesCompute(channel, poolState, true))
+                if (entry.SpecializationState.MatchesCompute(channel, poolState, computeState, true))
                 {
                     program = entry;
                     return true;

Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Shader/ShaderSpecializationState.cs

@@ -531,6 +531,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
                 return false;
             }
 
+            if (graphicsState.HasUnalignedStorageBuffer != GraphicsState.HasUnalignedStorageBuffer)
+            {
+                return false;
+            }
+
             return Matches(channel, poolState, checkTextures, isCompute: false);
         }
 
@@ -539,10 +544,16 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="channel">GPU channel</param>
         /// <param name="poolState">Texture pool state</param>
+        /// <param name="computeState">Compute state</param>
         /// <param name="checkTextures">Indicates whether texture descriptors should be checked</param>
         /// <returns>True if the state matches, false otherwise</returns>
-        public bool MatchesCompute(GpuChannel channel, GpuChannelPoolState poolState, bool checkTextures)
+        public bool MatchesCompute(GpuChannel channel, GpuChannelPoolState poolState, GpuChannelComputeState computeState, bool checkTextures)
         {
+            if (computeState.HasUnalignedStorageBuffer != ComputeState.HasUnalignedStorageBuffer)
+            {
+                return false;
+            }
+
             return Matches(channel, poolState, checkTextures, isCompute: true);
         }
 

Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec.Vp9/Detokenize.cs

@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec.Vp9
             short dqv = dq[0];
             ReadOnlySpan<byte> cat6Prob = (xd.Bd == 12)
                 ? Luts.Vp9Cat6ProbHigh12
-                : (xd.Bd == 10) ? new ReadOnlySpan<byte>(Luts.Vp9Cat6ProbHigh12).Slice(2) : Luts.Vp9Cat6Prob;
+                : (xd.Bd == 10) ? Luts.Vp9Cat6ProbHigh12.Slice(2) : Luts.Vp9Cat6Prob;
             int cat6Bits = (xd.Bd == 12) ? 18 : (xd.Bd == 10) ? 16 : 14;
             // Keep value, range, and count as locals.  The compiler produces better
             // results with the locals than using r directly.

Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec.Vp9/Luts.cs

@@ -1,14 +1,12 @@
 using Ryujinx.Common.Memory;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec.Vp9.Types;
+using System;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec.Vp9
 {
     internal static class Luts
     {
-        public static readonly byte[] SizeGroupLookup = new byte[]
-        {
-            0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3
-        };
+        public static ReadOnlySpan<byte> SizeGroupLookup => new byte[] { 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3 };
 
         public static readonly BlockSize[][] SubsizeLookup = new BlockSize[][]
         {
@@ -1070,18 +1068,18 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec.Vp9
             -(sbyte)MvClassType.MvClass10,
         };
 
-        public static readonly sbyte[] Vp9MvFPTree = new sbyte[] { -0, 2, -1, 4, -2, -3 };
+        public static ReadOnlySpan<sbyte> Vp9MvFPTree => new sbyte[] { -0, 2, -1, 4, -2, -3 };
 
         // Entropy
 
-        public static readonly byte[] Vp9Cat1Prob = new byte[] { 159 };
-        public static readonly byte[] Vp9Cat2Prob = new byte[] { 165, 145 };
-        public static readonly byte[] Vp9Cat3Prob = new byte[] { 173, 148, 140 };
-        public static readonly byte[] Vp9Cat4Prob = new byte[] { 176, 155, 140, 135 };
-        public static readonly byte[] Vp9Cat5Prob = new byte[] { 180, 157, 141, 134, 130 };
-        public static readonly byte[] Vp9Cat6Prob = new byte[] { 254, 254, 254, 252, 249, 243, 230, 196, 177, 153, 140, 133, 130, 129 };
+        public static ReadOnlySpan<byte> Vp9Cat1Prob => new byte[] { 159 };
+        public static ReadOnlySpan<byte> Vp9Cat2Prob => new byte[] { 165, 145 };
+        public static ReadOnlySpan<byte> Vp9Cat3Prob => new byte[] { 173, 148, 140 };
+        public static ReadOnlySpan<byte> Vp9Cat4Prob => new byte[] { 176, 155, 140, 135 };
+        public static ReadOnlySpan<byte> Vp9Cat5Prob => new byte[] { 180, 157, 141, 134, 130 };
+        public static ReadOnlySpan<byte> Vp9Cat6Prob => new byte[] { 254, 254, 254, 252, 249, 243, 230, 196, 177, 153, 140, 133, 130, 129 };
 
-        public static readonly byte[] Vp9Cat6ProbHigh12 = new byte[]
+        public static ReadOnlySpan<byte> Vp9Cat6ProbHigh12 => new byte[]
         {
             255, 255, 255, 255, 254, 254, 54, 252, 249, 243, 230, 196, 177, 153, 140, 133, 130, 129
         };
@@ -1131,12 +1129,12 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec.Vp9
             5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5,
         };
 
-        private static readonly byte[] Vp9CoefbandTrans4X4 = new byte[]
+        private static ReadOnlySpan<byte> Vp9CoefbandTrans4X4 => new byte[]
         {
             0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5,
         };
 
-        public static byte[] get_band_translate(TxSize txSize)
+        public static ReadOnlySpan<byte> get_band_translate(TxSize txSize)
         {
             return txSize == TxSize.Tx4x4 ? Vp9CoefbandTrans4X4 : Vp9CoefbandTrans8X8Plus;
         }

Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL/HwCapabilities.cs

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL
         private static readonly Lazy<bool> _supportsQuads                        = new Lazy<bool>(SupportsQuadsCheck);
         private static readonly Lazy<bool> _supportsSeamlessCubemapPerTexture    = new Lazy<bool>(() => HasExtension("GL_ARB_seamless_cubemap_per_texture"));
         private static readonly Lazy<bool> _supportsShaderBallot                 = new Lazy<bool>(() => HasExtension("GL_ARB_shader_ballot"));
+        private static readonly Lazy<bool> _supportsShaderViewportLayerArray     = new Lazy<bool>(() => HasExtension("GL_ARB_shader_viewport_layer_array"));
         private static readonly Lazy<bool> _supportsTextureCompressionBptc       = new Lazy<bool>(() => HasExtension("GL_EXT_texture_compression_bptc"));
         private static readonly Lazy<bool> _supportsTextureCompressionRgtc       = new Lazy<bool>(() => HasExtension("GL_EXT_texture_compression_rgtc"));
         private static readonly Lazy<bool> _supportsTextureCompressionS3tc       = new Lazy<bool>(() => HasExtension("GL_EXT_texture_compression_s3tc"));
@@ -61,6 +62,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL
         public static bool SupportsQuads                        => _supportsQuads.Value;
         public static bool SupportsSeamlessCubemapPerTexture    => _supportsSeamlessCubemapPerTexture.Value;
         public static bool SupportsShaderBallot                 => _supportsShaderBallot.Value;
+        public static bool SupportsShaderViewportLayerArray     => _supportsShaderViewportLayerArray.Value;
         public static bool SupportsTextureCompressionBptc       => _supportsTextureCompressionBptc.Value;
         public static bool SupportsTextureCompressionRgtc       => _supportsTextureCompressionRgtc.Value;
         public static bool SupportsTextureCompressionS3tc       => _supportsTextureCompressionS3tc.Value;

Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL/OpenGLRenderer.cs

@@ -117,12 +117,13 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL
                 supportsFragmentShaderOrderingIntel: HwCapabilities.SupportsFragmentShaderOrdering,
                 supportsGeometryShaderPassthrough: HwCapabilities.SupportsGeometryShaderPassthrough,
                 supportsImageLoadFormatted: HwCapabilities.SupportsImageLoadFormatted,
+                supportsLayerVertexTessellation: HwCapabilities.SupportsShaderViewportLayerArray,
                 supportsMismatchingViewFormat: HwCapabilities.SupportsMismatchingViewFormat,
                 supportsCubemapView: true,
                 supportsNonConstantTextureOffset: HwCapabilities.SupportsNonConstantTextureOffset,
                 supportsShaderBallot: HwCapabilities.SupportsShaderBallot,
                 supportsTextureShadowLod: HwCapabilities.SupportsTextureShadowLod,
-                supportsViewportIndex: true,
+                supportsViewportIndex: HwCapabilities.SupportsShaderViewportLayerArray,
                 supportsViewportSwizzle: HwCapabilities.SupportsViewportSwizzle,
                 supportsIndirectParameters: HwCapabilities.SupportsIndirectParameters,
                 maximumUniformBuffersPerStage: 13, // TODO: Avoid hardcoding those limits here and get from driver?

Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL/Pipeline.cs

@@ -1296,9 +1296,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL
             _stencilFrontMask = stencilTest.FrontMask;
         }
 
-        public void SetStorageBuffers(int first, ReadOnlySpan<BufferRange> buffers)
+        public void SetStorageBuffers(ReadOnlySpan<BufferAssignment> buffers)
         {
-            SetBuffers(first, buffers, isStorage: true);
+            SetBuffers(buffers, isStorage: true);
         }
 
         public void SetTextureAndSampler(ShaderStage stage, int binding, ITexture texture, ISampler sampler)
@@ -1366,9 +1366,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL
             }
         }
 
-        public void SetUniformBuffers(int first, ReadOnlySpan<BufferRange> buffers)
+        public void SetUniformBuffers(ReadOnlySpan<BufferAssignment> buffers)
         {
-            SetBuffers(first, buffers, isStorage: false);
+            SetBuffers(buffers, isStorage: false);
         }
 
         public void SetUserClipDistance(int index, bool enableClip)
@@ -1460,21 +1460,22 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL
             GL.MemoryBarrier(MemoryBarrierFlags.TextureFetchBarrierBit);
         }
 
-        private void SetBuffers(int first, ReadOnlySpan<BufferRange> buffers, bool isStorage)
+        private void SetBuffers(ReadOnlySpan<BufferAssignment> buffers, bool isStorage)
         {
             BufferRangeTarget target = isStorage ? BufferRangeTarget.ShaderStorageBuffer : BufferRangeTarget.UniformBuffer;
 
             for (int index = 0; index < buffers.Length; index++)
             {
-                BufferRange buffer = buffers[index];
+                BufferAssignment assignment = buffers[index];
+                BufferRange buffer = assignment.Range;
 
                 if (buffer.Handle == BufferHandle.Null)
                 {
-                    GL.BindBufferRange(target, first + index, 0, IntPtr.Zero, 0);
+                    GL.BindBufferRange(target, assignment.Binding, 0, IntPtr.Zero, 0);
                     continue;
                 }
 
-                GL.BindBufferRange(target, first + index, buffer.Handle.ToInt32(), (IntPtr)buffer.Offset, buffer.Size);
+                GL.BindBufferRange(target, assignment.Binding, buffer.Handle.ToInt32(), (IntPtr)buffer.Offset, buffer.Size);
             }
         }
 

Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/CodeGen/Spirv/Instructions.cs

@@ -1829,7 +1829,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.CodeGen.Spirv
 
                 if (texOp.Index < 2 || (type & SamplerType.Mask) == SamplerType.Texture3D)
                 {
-                    result = ScalingHelpers.ApplyUnscaling(context, texOp, result, isBindless, isIndexed);
+                    result = ScalingHelpers.ApplyUnscaling(context, texOp.WithType(type), result, isBindless, isIndexed);
                 }
 
                 return new OperationResult(AggregateType.S32, result);

Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Constants.cs

@@ -10,5 +10,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader
         public const int NvnBaseVertexByteOffset = 0x640;
         public const int NvnBaseInstanceByteOffset = 0x644;
         public const int NvnDrawIndexByteOffset = 0x648;
+
+        public const int StorageAlignment = 16;
     }
 }

Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/IGpuAccessor.cs

@@ -177,6 +177,15 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader
             return false;
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Queries whenever the current draw uses unaligned storage buffer addresses.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <returns>True if any storage buffer address is not aligned to 16 bytes, false otherwise</returns>
+        bool QueryHasUnalignedStorageBuffer()
+        {
+            return false;
+        }
+
         /// <summary>
         /// Queries host about the presence of the FrontFacing built-in variable bug.
         /// </summary>
@@ -249,6 +258,15 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader
             return true;
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Queries host support for writes to Layer from vertex or tessellation shader stages.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <returns>True if writes to layer from vertex or tessellation are supported, false otherwise</returns>
+        bool QueryHostSupportsLayerVertexTessellation()
+        {
+            return true;
+        }
+
         /// <summary>
         /// Queries host GPU non-constant texture offset support.
         /// </summary>

Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Instructions/InstEmitAttribute.cs

@@ -278,13 +278,21 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Instructions
 
         private static int FixedFuncToUserAttribute(ShaderConfig config, int attr, bool isOutput)
         {
-            if (attr >= AttributeConsts.FrontColorDiffuseR && attr < AttributeConsts.ClipDistance0)
+            bool supportsLayerFromVertexOrTess = config.GpuAccessor.QueryHostSupportsLayerVertexTessellation();
+            int fixedStartAttr = supportsLayerFromVertexOrTess ? 0 : 1;
+
+            if (attr == AttributeConsts.Layer && config.Stage != ShaderStage.Geometry && !supportsLayerFromVertexOrTess)
             {
-                attr = FixedFuncToUserAttribute(config, attr, AttributeConsts.FrontColorDiffuseR, 0, isOutput);
+                attr = FixedFuncToUserAttribute(config, attr, AttributeConsts.Layer, 0, isOutput);
+                config.SetLayerOutputAttribute(attr);
+            }
+            else if (attr >= AttributeConsts.FrontColorDiffuseR && attr < AttributeConsts.ClipDistance0)
+            {
+                attr = FixedFuncToUserAttribute(config, attr, AttributeConsts.FrontColorDiffuseR, fixedStartAttr, isOutput);
             }
             else if (attr >= AttributeConsts.TexCoordBase && attr < AttributeConsts.TexCoordEnd)
             {
-                attr = FixedFuncToUserAttribute(config, attr, AttributeConsts.TexCoordBase, 4, isOutput);
+                attr = FixedFuncToUserAttribute(config, attr, AttributeConsts.TexCoordBase, fixedStartAttr + 4, isOutput);
             }
 
             return attr;

Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/StructuredIr/AstTextureOperation.cs

@@ -27,5 +27,10 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.StructuredIr
             CbufSlot = cbufSlot;
             Handle = handle;
         }
+
+        public AstTextureOperation WithType(SamplerType type)
+        {
+            return new AstTextureOperation(Inst, type, Format, Flags, CbufSlot, Handle, Index);
+        }
     }
 }

Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/Optimizations/GlobalToStorage.cs

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation.Optimizations
                         // we can guess which storage buffer it is accessing.
                         // We can then replace the global memory access with a storage
                         // buffer access.
-                        node = ReplaceGlobalWithStorage(node, config, storageIndex);
+                        node = ReplaceGlobalWithStorage(block, node, config, storageIndex);
                     }
                     else if (config.Stage == ShaderStage.Compute && operation.Inst == Instruction.LoadGlobal)
                     {
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation.Optimizations
             }
         }
 
-        private static LinkedListNode<INode> ReplaceGlobalWithStorage(LinkedListNode<INode> node, ShaderConfig config, int storageIndex)
+        private static LinkedListNode<INode> ReplaceGlobalWithStorage(BasicBlock block, LinkedListNode<INode> node, ShaderConfig config, int storageIndex)
         {
             Operation operation = (Operation)node.Value;
 
@@ -64,42 +64,10 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation.Optimizations
 
             config.SetUsedStorageBuffer(storageIndex, isWrite);
 
-            Operand GetStorageOffset()
-            {
-                Operand addrLow = operation.GetSource(0);
-
-                Operand baseAddrLow = Cbuf(0, GetStorageCbOffset(config.Stage, storageIndex));
-
-                Operand baseAddrTrunc = Local();
-
-                Operand alignMask = Const(-config.GpuAccessor.QueryHostStorageBufferOffsetAlignment());
-
-                Operation andOp = new Operation(Instruction.BitwiseAnd, baseAddrTrunc, baseAddrLow, alignMask);
-
-                node.List.AddBefore(node, andOp);
-
-                Operand byteOffset = Local();
-                Operation subOp = new Operation(Instruction.Subtract, byteOffset, addrLow, baseAddrTrunc);
-
-                node.List.AddBefore(node, subOp);
-
-                if (isStg16Or8)
-                {
-                    return byteOffset;
-                }
-
-                Operand wordOffset = Local();
-                Operation shrOp = new Operation(Instruction.ShiftRightU32, wordOffset, byteOffset, Const(2));
-
-                node.List.AddBefore(node, shrOp);
-
-                return wordOffset;
-            }
-
             Operand[] sources = new Operand[operation.SourcesCount];
 
             sources[0] = Const(storageIndex);
-            sources[1] = GetStorageOffset();
+            sources[1] = GetStorageOffset(block, node, config, storageIndex, operation.GetSource(0), isStg16Or8);
 
             for (int index = 2; index < operation.SourcesCount; index++)
             {
@@ -144,6 +112,170 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation.Optimizations
             return node;
         }
 
+        private static Operand GetStorageOffset(
+            BasicBlock block,
+            LinkedListNode<INode> node,
+            ShaderConfig config,
+            int storageIndex,
+            Operand addrLow,
+            bool isStg16Or8)
+        {
+            int baseAddressCbOffset = GetStorageCbOffset(config.Stage, storageIndex);
+
+            bool storageAligned = !(config.GpuAccessor.QueryHasUnalignedStorageBuffer() || config.GpuAccessor.QueryHostStorageBufferOffsetAlignment() > Constants.StorageAlignment);
+
+            (Operand byteOffset, int constantOffset) = storageAligned ?
+                GetStorageOffset(block, Utils.FindLastOperation(addrLow, block), baseAddressCbOffset) :
+                (null, 0);
+
+            if (byteOffset == null)
+            {
+                Operand baseAddrLow = Cbuf(0, baseAddressCbOffset);
+                Operand baseAddrTrunc = Local();
+
+                Operand alignMask = Const(-config.GpuAccessor.QueryHostStorageBufferOffsetAlignment());
+
+                Operation andOp = new Operation(Instruction.BitwiseAnd, baseAddrTrunc, baseAddrLow, alignMask);
+
+                node.List.AddBefore(node, andOp);
+
+                Operand offset = Local();
+                Operation subOp = new Operation(Instruction.Subtract, offset, addrLow, baseAddrTrunc);
+
+                node.List.AddBefore(node, subOp);
+
+                byteOffset = offset;
+            }
+            else if (constantOffset != 0)
+            {
+                Operand offset = Local();
+                Operation addOp = new Operation(Instruction.Add, offset, byteOffset, Const(constantOffset));
+
+                node.List.AddBefore(node, addOp);
+
+                byteOffset = offset;
+            }
+
+            if (byteOffset != null)
+            {
+                ReplaceAddressAlignment(node.List, addrLow, byteOffset, constantOffset);
+            }
+
+            if (isStg16Or8)
+            {
+                return byteOffset;
+            }
+
+            Operand wordOffset = Local();
+            Operation shrOp = new Operation(Instruction.ShiftRightU32, wordOffset, byteOffset, Const(2));
+
+            node.List.AddBefore(node, shrOp);
+
+            return wordOffset;
+        }
+
+        private static bool IsCb0Offset(Operand operand, int offset)
+        {
+            return operand.Type == OperandType.ConstantBuffer && operand.GetCbufSlot() == 0 && operand.GetCbufOffset() == offset;
+        }
+
+        private static void ReplaceAddressAlignment(LinkedList<INode> list, Operand address, Operand byteOffset, int constantOffset)
+        {
+            // When we emit 16/8-bit LDG, we add extra code to determine the address alignment.
+            // Eliminate the storage buffer base address from this too, leaving only the byte offset.
+
+            foreach (INode useNode in address.UseOps)
+            {
+                if (useNode is Operation op && op.Inst == Instruction.BitwiseAnd)
+                {
+                    Operand src1 = op.GetSource(0);
+                    Operand src2 = op.GetSource(1);
+
+                    int addressIndex = -1;
+
+                    if (src1 == address && src2.Type == OperandType.Constant && src2.Value == 3)
+                    {
+                        addressIndex = 0;
+                    }
+                    else if (src2 == address && src1.Type == OperandType.Constant && src1.Value == 3)
+                    {
+                        addressIndex = 1;
+                    }
+
+                    if (addressIndex != -1)
+                    {
+                        LinkedListNode<INode> node = list.Find(op);
+
+                        // Add offset calculation before the use. Needs to be on the same block.
+                        if (node != null)
+                        {
+                            Operand offset = Local();
+                            Operation addOp = new Operation(Instruction.Add, offset, byteOffset, Const(constantOffset));
+                            list.AddBefore(node, addOp);
+
+                            op.SetSource(addressIndex, offset);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        private static (Operand, int) GetStorageOffset(BasicBlock block, Operand address, int baseAddressCbOffset)
+        {
+            if (IsCb0Offset(address, baseAddressCbOffset))
+            {
+                // Direct offset: zero.
+                return (Const(0), 0);
+            }
+
+            (address, int constantOffset) = GetStorageConstantOffset(block, address);
+
+            address = Utils.FindLastOperation(address, block);
+
+            if (IsCb0Offset(address, baseAddressCbOffset))
+            {
+                // Only constant offset
+                return (Const(0), constantOffset);
+            }
+
+            if (!(address.AsgOp is Operation offsetAdd) || offsetAdd.Inst != Instruction.Add)
+            {
+                return (null, 0);
+            }
+
+            Operand src1 = offsetAdd.GetSource(0);
+            Operand src2 = Utils.FindLastOperation(offsetAdd.GetSource(1), block);
+
+            if (IsCb0Offset(src2, baseAddressCbOffset))
+            {
+                return (src1, constantOffset);
+            }
+            else if (IsCb0Offset(src1, baseAddressCbOffset))
+            {
+                return (src2, constantOffset);
+            }
+
+            return (null, 0);
+        }
+
+        private static (Operand, int) GetStorageConstantOffset(BasicBlock block, Operand address)
+        {
+            if (!(address.AsgOp is Operation offsetAdd) || offsetAdd.Inst != Instruction.Add)
+            {
+                return (address, 0);
+            }
+
+            Operand src1 = offsetAdd.GetSource(0);
+            Operand src2 = offsetAdd.GetSource(1);
+
+            if (src2.Type != OperandType.Constant)
+            {
+                return (address, 0);
+            }
+
+            return (src1, src2.Value);
+        }
+
         private static LinkedListNode<INode> ReplaceLdgWithLdc(LinkedListNode<INode> node, ShaderConfig config, int storageIndex)
         {
             Operation operation = (Operation)node.Value;
@@ -165,7 +297,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation.Optimizations
                 Operand byteOffset = Local();
                 Operand wordOffset = Local();
 
-                Operation subOp = new Operation(Instruction.Subtract,      byteOffset, addrLow, baseAddrTrunc);
+                Operation subOp = new Operation(Instruction.Subtract, byteOffset, addrLow, baseAddrTrunc);
                 Operation shrOp = new Operation(Instruction.ShiftRightU32, wordOffset, byteOffset, Const(2));
 
                 node.List.AddBefore(node, subOp);
@@ -260,7 +392,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation.Optimizations
         {
             if (operand.Type == OperandType.ConstantBuffer)
             {
-                int slot   = operand.GetCbufSlot();
+                int slot = operand.GetCbufSlot();
                 int offset = operand.GetCbufOffset();
 
                 if (slot == 0 && offset >= sbStart && offset < sbEnd)

Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/ShaderConfig.cs

@@ -48,6 +48,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation
 
         public int Cb1DataSize { get; private set; }
 
+        public bool LayerOutputWritten { get; private set; }
+        public int LayerOutputAttribute { get; private set; }
+
         public bool NextUsesFixedFuncAttributes { get; private set; }
         public int UsedInputAttributes { get; private set; }
         public int UsedOutputAttributes { get; private set; }
@@ -131,6 +134,20 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation
             _usedImages   = new Dictionary<TextureInfo, TextureMeta>();
         }
 
+        public ShaderConfig(
+            ShaderStage stage,
+            OutputTopology outputTopology,
+            int maxOutputVertices,
+            IGpuAccessor gpuAccessor,
+            TranslationOptions options) : this(gpuAccessor, options)
+        {
+            Stage                    = stage;
+            ThreadsPerInputPrimitive = 1;
+            OutputTopology           = outputTopology;
+            MaxOutputVertices        = maxOutputVertices;
+            TransformFeedbackEnabled = gpuAccessor.QueryTransformFeedbackEnabled();
+        }
+
         public ShaderConfig(ShaderHeader header, IGpuAccessor gpuAccessor, TranslationOptions options) : this(gpuAccessor, options)
         {
             Stage                    = header.Stage;
@@ -240,6 +257,12 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation
             }
         }
 
+        public void SetLayerOutputAttribute(int attr)
+        {
+            LayerOutputWritten = true;
+            LayerOutputAttribute = attr;
+        }
+
         public void SetInputUserAttributeFixedFunc(int index)
         {
             UsedInputAttributes |= 1 << index;
@@ -694,5 +717,20 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation
         {
             return FindDescriptorIndex(GetImageDescriptors(), texOp);
         }
+
+        public ShaderProgramInfo CreateProgramInfo()
+        {
+            return new ShaderProgramInfo(
+                GetConstantBufferDescriptors(),
+                GetStorageBufferDescriptors(),
+                GetTextureDescriptors(),
+                GetImageDescriptors(),
+                Stage,
+                UsedFeatures.HasFlag(FeatureFlags.InstanceId),
+                UsedFeatures.HasFlag(FeatureFlags.DrawParameters),
+                UsedFeatures.HasFlag(FeatureFlags.RtLayer),
+                ClipDistancesWritten,
+                OmapTargets);
+        }
     }
 }

Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/Translator.cs

@@ -79,17 +79,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation
 
             var sInfo = StructuredProgram.MakeStructuredProgram(funcs, config);
 
-            var info = new ShaderProgramInfo(
-                config.GetConstantBufferDescriptors(),
-                config.GetStorageBufferDescriptors(),
-                config.GetTextureDescriptors(),
-                config.GetImageDescriptors(),
-                config.Stage,
-                config.UsedFeatures.HasFlag(FeatureFlags.InstanceId),
-                config.UsedFeatures.HasFlag(FeatureFlags.DrawParameters),
-                config.UsedFeatures.HasFlag(FeatureFlags.RtLayer),
-                config.ClipDistancesWritten,
-                config.OmapTargets);
+            var info = config.CreateProgramInfo();
 
             return config.Options.TargetLanguage switch
             {

Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/TranslatorContext.cs

@@ -1,7 +1,12 @@
-using Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Decoders;
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.CodeGen.Glsl;
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.CodeGen.Spirv;
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Decoders;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.IntermediateRepresentation;
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.StructuredIr;
+using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Linq;
+using System.Numerics;
 
 using static Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.IntermediateRepresentation.OperandHelper;
 using static Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation.Translator;
@@ -18,6 +23,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation
         public ShaderStage Stage => _config.Stage;
         public int Size => _config.Size;
         public int Cb1DataSize => _config.Cb1DataSize;
+        public bool LayerOutputWritten => _config.LayerOutputWritten;
 
         public IGpuAccessor GpuAccessor => _config.GpuAccessor;
 
@@ -149,5 +155,94 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation
 
             return Translator.Translate(code, _config);
         }
+
+        public ShaderProgram GenerateGeometryPassthrough()
+        {
+            int outputAttributesMask = _config.UsedOutputAttributes;
+            int layerOutputAttr = _config.LayerOutputAttribute;
+
+            OutputTopology outputTopology;
+            int maxOutputVertices;
+
+            switch (GpuAccessor.QueryPrimitiveTopology())
+            {
+                case InputTopology.Points:
+                    outputTopology = OutputTopology.PointList;
+                    maxOutputVertices = 1;
+                    break;
+                case InputTopology.Lines:
+                case InputTopology.LinesAdjacency:
+                    outputTopology = OutputTopology.LineStrip;
+                    maxOutputVertices = 2;
+                    break;
+                default:
+                    outputTopology = OutputTopology.TriangleStrip;
+                    maxOutputVertices = 3;
+                    break;
+            }
+
+            ShaderConfig config = new ShaderConfig(ShaderStage.Geometry, outputTopology, maxOutputVertices, GpuAccessor, _config.Options);
+
+            EmitterContext context = new EmitterContext(default, config, false);
+
+            for (int v = 0; v < maxOutputVertices; v++)
+            {
+                int outAttrsMask = outputAttributesMask;
+
+                while (outAttrsMask != 0)
+                {
+                    int attrIndex = BitOperations.TrailingZeroCount(outAttrsMask);
+
+                    outAttrsMask &= ~(1 << attrIndex);
+
+                    for (int c = 0; c < 4; c++)
+                    {
+                        int attr = AttributeConsts.UserAttributeBase + attrIndex * 16 + c * 4;
+
+                        Operand value = context.LoadAttribute(Const(attr), Const(0), Const(v));
+
+                        if (attr == layerOutputAttr)
+                        {
+                            context.Copy(Attribute(AttributeConsts.Layer), value);
+                        }
+                        else
+                        {
+                            context.Copy(Attribute(attr), value);
+                            config.SetOutputUserAttribute(attrIndex);
+                        }
+
+                        config.SetInputUserAttribute(attrIndex, c);
+                    }
+                }
+
+                for (int c = 0; c < 4; c++)
+                {
+                    int attr = AttributeConsts.PositionX + c * 4;
+
+                    Operand value = context.LoadAttribute(Const(attr), Const(0), Const(v));
+
+                    context.Copy(Attribute(attr), value);
+                }
+
+                context.EmitVertex();
+            }
+
+            context.EndPrimitive();
+
+            var operations = context.GetOperations();
+            var cfg = ControlFlowGraph.Create(operations);
+            var function = new Function(cfg.Blocks, "main", false, 0, 0);
+
+            var sInfo = StructuredProgram.MakeStructuredProgram(new[] { function }, config);
+
+            var info = config.CreateProgramInfo();
+
+            return config.Options.TargetLanguage switch
+            {
+                TargetLanguage.Glsl => new ShaderProgram(info, TargetLanguage.Glsl, GlslGenerator.Generate(sInfo, config)),
+                TargetLanguage.Spirv => new ShaderProgram(info, TargetLanguage.Spirv, SpirvGenerator.Generate(sInfo, config)),
+                _ => throw new NotImplementedException(config.Options.TargetLanguage.ToString())
+            };
+        }
     }
 }

Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/BufferHolder.cs

@@ -210,7 +210,10 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 }
             }
 
-            if (cbs != null && !(_buffer.HasCommandBufferDependency(cbs.Value) && _waitable.IsBufferRangeInUse(cbs.Value.CommandBufferIndex, offset, dataSize)))
+            if (cbs != null &&
+                _gd.PipelineInternal.RenderPassActive &&
+                !(_buffer.HasCommandBufferDependency(cbs.Value) &&
+                _waitable.IsBufferRangeInUse(cbs.Value.CommandBufferIndex, offset, dataSize)))
             {
                 // If the buffer hasn't been used on the command buffer yet, try to preload the data.
                 // This avoids ending and beginning render passes on each buffer data upload.

Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/DescriptorSetUpdater.cs

@@ -130,6 +130,12 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 1f));
         }
 
+        public void Initialize()
+        {
+            Span<byte> dummyTextureData = stackalloc byte[4];
+            _dummyTexture.SetData(dummyTextureData);
+        }
+
         public void SetProgram(ShaderCollection program)
         {
             _program = program;
@@ -157,12 +163,13 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             SignalDirty(DirtyFlags.Image);
         }
 
-        public void SetStorageBuffers(CommandBuffer commandBuffer, int first, ReadOnlySpan<BufferRange> buffers)
+        public void SetStorageBuffers(CommandBuffer commandBuffer, ReadOnlySpan<BufferAssignment> buffers)
         {
             for (int i = 0; i < buffers.Length; i++)
             {
-                var buffer = buffers[i];
-                int index = first + i;
+                var assignment = buffers[i];
+                var buffer = assignment.Range;
+                int index = assignment.Binding;
 
                 Auto<DisposableBuffer> vkBuffer = _gd.BufferManager.GetBuffer(commandBuffer, buffer.Handle, false);
                 ref Auto<DisposableBuffer> currentVkBuffer = ref _storageBufferRefs[index];
@@ -237,12 +244,13 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             SignalDirty(DirtyFlags.Texture);
         }
 
-        public void SetUniformBuffers(CommandBuffer commandBuffer, int first, ReadOnlySpan<BufferRange> buffers)
+        public void SetUniformBuffers(CommandBuffer commandBuffer, ReadOnlySpan<BufferAssignment> buffers)
         {
             for (int i = 0; i < buffers.Length; i++)
             {
-                var buffer = buffers[i];
-                int index = first + i;
+                var assignment = buffers[i];
+                var buffer = assignment.Range;
+                int index = assignment.Binding;
 
                 Auto<DisposableBuffer> vkBuffer = _gd.BufferManager.GetBuffer(commandBuffer, buffer.Handle, false);
                 ref Auto<DisposableBuffer> currentVkBuffer = ref _uniformBufferRefs[index];

Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/HelperShader.cs

@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 
             gd.BufferManager.SetData<float>(bufferHandle, 0, region);
 
-            _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(1, stackalloc[] { new BufferRange(bufferHandle, 0, RegionBufferSize) });
+            _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(stackalloc[] { new BufferAssignment(1, new BufferRange(bufferHandle, 0, RegionBufferSize)) });
 
             Span<GAL.Viewport> viewports = stackalloc GAL.Viewport[1];
 
@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 
             gd.BufferManager.SetData<float>(bufferHandle, 0, clearColor);
 
-            _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(1, stackalloc[] { new BufferRange(bufferHandle, 0, ClearColorBufferSize) });
+            _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(stackalloc[] { new BufferAssignment(1, new BufferRange(bufferHandle, 0, ClearColorBufferSize)) });
 
             Span<GAL.Viewport> viewports = stackalloc GAL.Viewport[1];
 
@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 
             gd.BufferManager.SetData<float>(bufferHandle, 0, region);
 
-            pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(1, stackalloc[] { new BufferRange(bufferHandle, 0, RegionBufferSize) });
+            pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(stackalloc[] { new BufferAssignment(1, new BufferRange(bufferHandle, 0, RegionBufferSize)) });
 
             Span<GAL.Viewport> viewports = stackalloc GAL.Viewport[1];
 
@@ -380,7 +380,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 
                 _pipeline.SetCommandBuffer(cbs);
 
-                _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(0, stackalloc[] { new BufferRange(bufferHandle, 0, ParamsBufferSize) });
+                _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(stackalloc[] { new BufferAssignment(0, new BufferRange(bufferHandle, 0, ParamsBufferSize)) });
 
                 Span<Auto<DisposableBuffer>> sbRanges = new Auto<DisposableBuffer>[2];
 
@@ -571,7 +571,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             int conversionType = srcIsMs ? src.Info.BytesPerPixel : -src.Info.BytesPerPixel;
             _pipeline.Specialize(conversionType);
 
-            _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(0, stackalloc[] { new BufferRange(bufferHandle, 0, ParamsBufferSize) });
+            _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(stackalloc[] { new BufferAssignment(0, new BufferRange(bufferHandle, 0, ParamsBufferSize)) });
 
             if (src.Info.Target == Target.Texture2DMultisampleArray ||
                 dst.Info.Target == Target.Texture2DMultisampleArray)
@@ -776,7 +776,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 srcIndirectBufferOffset,
                 indirectDataSize);
 
-            _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(0, stackalloc[] { drawCountBufferAligned });
+            _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(stackalloc[] { new BufferAssignment(0, drawCountBufferAligned) });
             _pipeline.SetStorageBuffers(1, new[] { srcIndirectBuffer.GetBuffer(), dstIndirectBuffer.GetBuffer(), patternBuffer.GetBuffer() });
 
             _pipeline.SetProgram(_programConvertIndirectData);
@@ -804,7 +804,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 0,
                 convertedCount * outputIndexSize);
 
-            _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(0, stackalloc[] { new BufferRange(patternBufferHandle, 0, ParamsBufferSize) });
+            _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(stackalloc[] { new BufferAssignment(0, new BufferRange(patternBufferHandle, 0, ParamsBufferSize)) });
             _pipeline.SetStorageBuffers(1, new[] { srcIndexBuffer.GetBuffer(), dstIndexBuffer.GetBuffer() });
 
             _pipeline.SetProgram(_programConvertIndexBuffer);

Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/PipelineBase.cs

@@ -49,7 +49,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
         private Auto<DisposableFramebuffer> _framebuffer;
         private Auto<DisposableRenderPass> _renderPass;
         private int _writtenAttachmentCount;
-        private bool _renderPassActive;
 
         private readonly DescriptorSetUpdater _descriptorSetUpdater;
 
@@ -73,6 +72,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
         private PipelineColorBlendAttachmentState[] _storedBlend;
 
         public ulong DrawCount { get; private set; }
+        public bool RenderPassActive { get; private set; }
 
         public unsafe PipelineBase(VulkanRenderer gd, Device device)
         {
@@ -114,6 +114,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 
         public void Initialize()
         {
+            _descriptorSetUpdater.Initialize();
+
             SupportBufferUpdater = new SupportBufferUpdater(Gd);
             SupportBufferUpdater.UpdateRenderScale(_renderScale, 0, SupportBuffer.RenderScaleMaxCount);
 
@@ -838,6 +840,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             stages.CopyTo(_newState.Stages.AsSpan().Slice(0, stages.Length));
 
             SignalStateChange();
+
+            if (_program.IsCompute)
+            {
+                EndRenderPass();
+            }
         }
 
         public void Specialize<T>(in T data) where T : unmanaged
@@ -966,9 +973,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             SignalStateChange();
         }
 
-        public void SetStorageBuffers(int first, ReadOnlySpan<BufferRange> buffers)
+        public void SetStorageBuffers(ReadOnlySpan<BufferAssignment> buffers)
         {
-            _descriptorSetUpdater.SetStorageBuffers(CommandBuffer, first, buffers);
+            _descriptorSetUpdater.SetStorageBuffers(CommandBuffer, buffers);
         }
 
         public void SetStorageBuffers(int first, ReadOnlySpan<Auto<DisposableBuffer>> buffers)
@@ -1006,9 +1013,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             }
         }
 
-        public void SetUniformBuffers(int first, ReadOnlySpan<BufferRange> buffers)
+        public void SetUniformBuffers(ReadOnlySpan<BufferAssignment> buffers)
         {
-            _descriptorSetUpdater.SetUniformBuffers(CommandBuffer, first, buffers);
+            _descriptorSetUpdater.SetUniformBuffers(CommandBuffer, buffers);
         }
 
         public void SetUserClipDistance(int index, bool enableClip)
@@ -1451,7 +1458,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 
         private unsafe void BeginRenderPass()
         {
-            if (!_renderPassActive)
+            if (!RenderPassActive)
             {
                 var renderArea = new Rect2D(null, new Extent2D(FramebufferParams.Width, FramebufferParams.Height));
                 var clearValue = new ClearValue();
@@ -1467,18 +1474,18 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 };
 
                 Gd.Api.CmdBeginRenderPass(CommandBuffer, renderPassBeginInfo, SubpassContents.Inline);
-                _renderPassActive = true;
+                RenderPassActive = true;
             }
         }
 
         public void EndRenderPass()
         {
-            if (_renderPassActive)
+            if (RenderPassActive)
             {
                 PauseTransformFeedbackInternal();
                 Gd.Api.CmdEndRenderPass(CommandBuffer);
                 SignalRenderPassEnd();
-                _renderPassActive = false;
+                RenderPassActive = false;
             }
         }
 

Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/PipelineFull.cs

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 {
     class PipelineFull : PipelineBase, IPipeline
     {
-        private const ulong MinByteWeightForFlush = 256 * 1024 * 1024; // MB
+        private const ulong MinByteWeightForFlush = 256 * 1024 * 1024; // MiB
 
         private readonly List<QueryPool> _activeQueries;
         private CounterQueueEvent _activeConditionalRender;

Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/ShaderCollection.cs

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 
         public bool HasMinimalLayout { get; }
         public bool UsePushDescriptors { get; }
+        public bool IsCompute { get; }
 
         public uint Stages { get; }
 
@@ -47,7 +48,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
         private VulkanRenderer _gd;
         private Device _device;
         private bool _initialized;
-        private bool _isCompute;
 
         private ProgramPipelineState _state;
         private DisposableRenderPass _dummyRenderPass;
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 
                 if (shader.StageFlags == ShaderStageFlags.ShaderStageComputeBit)
                 {
-                    _isCompute = true;
+                    IsCompute = true;
                 }
 
                 internalShaders[i] = shader;
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 
             try
             {
-                if (_isCompute)
+                if (IsCompute)
                 {
                     CreateBackgroundComputePipeline();
                 }

Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/VulkanRenderer.cs

@@ -396,6 +396,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 supportsFragmentShaderOrderingIntel: false,
                 supportsGeometryShaderPassthrough: Capabilities.SupportsGeometryShaderPassthrough,
                 supportsImageLoadFormatted: features2.Features.ShaderStorageImageReadWithoutFormat,
+                supportsLayerVertexTessellation: featuresVk12.ShaderOutputLayer,
                 supportsMismatchingViewFormat: true,
                 supportsCubemapView: !IsAmdGcn,
                 supportsNonConstantTextureOffset: false,

Ryujinx.HLE/AssemblyInfo.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
+
+[assembly: InternalsVisibleTo("Ryujinx.Tests")]

Ryujinx.HLE/FileSystem/VirtualFileSystem.cs

@@ -172,9 +172,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.FileSystem
             fsServerClient = horizon.CreatePrivilegedHorizonClient();
             var fsServer = new FileSystemServer(fsServerClient);
 
-            DefaultFsServerObjects fsServerObjects = DefaultFsServerObjects.GetDefaultEmulatedCreators(serverBaseFs, KeySet, fsServer);
+            RandomDataGenerator randomGenerator = buffer => Random.Shared.NextBytes(buffer);
 
-            // Use our own encrypted fs creator that always uses all-zero keys
+            DefaultFsServerObjects fsServerObjects = DefaultFsServerObjects.GetDefaultEmulatedCreators(serverBaseFs, KeySet, fsServer, randomGenerator);
+
+            // Use our own encrypted fs creator that doesn't actually do any encryption
             fsServerObjects.FsCreators.EncryptedFileSystemCreator = new EncryptedFileSystemCreator();
 
             GameCard = fsServerObjects.GameCard;
@@ -186,7 +188,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.FileSystem
             {
                 DeviceOperator = fsServerObjects.DeviceOperator,
                 ExternalKeySet = KeySet.ExternalKeySet,
-                FsCreators = fsServerObjects.FsCreators
+                FsCreators = fsServerObjects.FsCreators,
+                RandomGenerator = randomGenerator
             };
 
             FileSystemServerInitializer.InitializeWithConfig(fsServerClient, fsServer, fsServerConfig);

Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Applets/SoftwareKeyboard/SoftwareKeyboardApplet.cs

@@ -204,12 +204,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Applets
             else
             {
                 // Call the configured GUI handler to get user's input.
-
                 var args = new SoftwareKeyboardUiArgs
                 {
-                    HeaderText = _keyboardForegroundConfig.HeaderText,
-                    SubtitleText = _keyboardForegroundConfig.SubtitleText,
-                    GuideText = _keyboardForegroundConfig.GuideText,
+                    HeaderText = StripUnicodeControlCodes(_keyboardForegroundConfig.HeaderText),
+                    SubtitleText = StripUnicodeControlCodes(_keyboardForegroundConfig.SubtitleText),
+                    GuideText = StripUnicodeControlCodes(_keyboardForegroundConfig.GuideText),
                     SubmitText = (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(_keyboardForegroundConfig.SubmitText) ?
                     _keyboardForegroundConfig.SubmitText : "OK"),
                     StringLengthMin = _keyboardForegroundConfig.StringLengthMin,
@@ -764,6 +763,41 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Applets
             }
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Removes all Unicode control code characters from the input string.
+        /// This includes CR/LF, tabs, null characters, escape characters,
+        /// and special control codes which are used for formatting by the real keyboard applet.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <remarks>
+        /// Some games send special control codes (such as 0x13 "Device Control 3") as part of the string.
+        /// Future implementations of the emulated keyboard applet will need to handle these as well.
+        /// </remarks>
+        /// <param name="input">The input string to sanitize (may be null).</param>
+        /// <returns>The sanitized string.</returns>
+        internal static string StripUnicodeControlCodes(string input)
+        {
+            if (input is null)
+            {
+                return null;
+            }
+            
+            if (input.Length == 0)
+            {
+                return string.Empty;
+            }
+
+            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(capacity: input.Length);
+            foreach (char c in input)
+            {
+                if (!char.IsControl(c))
+                {
+                    sb.Append(c);
+                }
+            }
+
+            return sb.ToString();
+        }
+
         private static T ReadStruct<T>(byte[] data)
             where T : struct
         {

Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/ApplicationLoader.cs

@@ -850,7 +850,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS
             for (int i = 0; i < programCount; i++)
             {
                 mapInfo[i].ProgramId = new ProgramId(applicationId + (uint)i);
-                mapInfo[i].MainProgramId = new ProgramId(applicationId);
+                mapInfo[i].MainProgramId = new ApplicationId(applicationId);
                 mapInfo[i].ProgramIndex = (byte)i;
             }
 

Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Kernel/Common/KSystemControl.cs

@@ -5,11 +5,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Kernel.Common
 {
     static class KSystemControl
     {
-        private const ulong Kb = 1024;
-        private const ulong Mb = 1024 * Kb;
-        private const ulong Gb = 1024 * Mb;
+        private const ulong KiB = 1024;
+        private const ulong MiB = 1024 * KiB;
+        private const ulong GiB = 1024 * MiB;
 
-        private const ulong PageSize = 4 * Kb;
+        private const ulong PageSize = 4 * KiB;
 
         private const ulong RequiredNonSecureSystemPoolSizeVi = 0x2238 * PageSize;
         private const ulong RequiredNonSecureSystemPoolSizeNvservices = 0x710 * PageSize;
@@ -24,12 +24,12 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Kernel.Common
         {
             return arrange switch
             {
-                MemoryArrange.MemoryArrange4GB or
-                MemoryArrange.MemoryArrange4GBSystemDev or
-                MemoryArrange.MemoryArrange6GBAppletDev => 3285 * Mb,
-                MemoryArrange.MemoryArrange4GBAppletDev => 2048 * Mb,
-                MemoryArrange.MemoryArrange6GB or
-                MemoryArrange.MemoryArrange8GB => 4916 * Mb,
+                MemoryArrange.MemoryArrange4GiB or
+                MemoryArrange.MemoryArrange4GiBSystemDev or
+                MemoryArrange.MemoryArrange6GiBAppletDev => 3285 * MiB,
+                MemoryArrange.MemoryArrange4GiBAppletDev => 2048 * MiB,
+                MemoryArrange.MemoryArrange6GiB or
+                MemoryArrange.MemoryArrange8GiB => 4916 * MiB,
                 _ => throw new ArgumentException($"Invalid memory arrange \"{arrange}\".")
             };
         }
@@ -38,12 +38,12 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Kernel.Common
         {
             return arrange switch
             {
-                MemoryArrange.MemoryArrange4GB => 507 * Mb,
-                MemoryArrange.MemoryArrange4GBAppletDev => 1554 * Mb,
-                MemoryArrange.MemoryArrange4GBSystemDev => 448 * Mb,
-                MemoryArrange.MemoryArrange6GB => 562 * Mb,
-                MemoryArrange.MemoryArrange6GBAppletDev or
-                MemoryArrange.MemoryArrange8GB => 2193 * Mb,
+                MemoryArrange.MemoryArrange4GiB => 507 * MiB,
+                MemoryArrange.MemoryArrange4GiBAppletDev => 1554 * MiB,
+                MemoryArrange.MemoryArrange4GiBSystemDev => 448 * MiB,
+                MemoryArrange.MemoryArrange6GiB => 562 * MiB,
+                MemoryArrange.MemoryArrange6GiBAppletDev or
+                MemoryArrange.MemoryArrange8GiB => 2193 * MiB,
                 _ => throw new ArgumentException($"Invalid memory arrange \"{arrange}\".")
             };
         }
@@ -68,9 +68,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Kernel.Common
         {
             return size switch
             {
-                MemorySize.MemorySize4GB => 4 * Gb,
-                MemorySize.MemorySize6GB => 6 * Gb,
-                MemorySize.MemorySize8GB => 8 * Gb,
+                MemorySize.MemorySize4GiB => 4 * GiB,
+                MemorySize.MemorySize6GiB => 6 * GiB,
+                MemorySize.MemorySize8GiB => 8 * GiB,
                 _ => throw new ArgumentException($"Invalid memory size \"{size}\".")
             };
         }

Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Kernel/Common/MemoryArrange.cs

@@ -2,11 +2,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Kernel.Common
 {
     enum MemoryArrange : byte
     {
-        MemoryArrange4GB,
-        MemoryArrange4GBAppletDev,
-        MemoryArrange4GBSystemDev,
-        MemoryArrange6GB,
-        MemoryArrange6GBAppletDev,
-        MemoryArrange8GB
+        MemoryArrange4GiB,
+        MemoryArrange4GiBAppletDev,
+        MemoryArrange4GiBSystemDev,
+        MemoryArrange6GiB,
+        MemoryArrange6GiBAppletDev,
+        MemoryArrange8GiB
     }
 }

Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Kernel/Common/MemroySize.cs

@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Kernel.Common
 {
     enum MemorySize : byte
     {
-        MemorySize4GB = 0,
-        MemorySize6GB = 1,
-        MemorySize8GB = 2
+        MemorySize4GiB = 0,
+        MemorySize6GiB = 1,
+        MemorySize8GiB = 2
     }
 }

Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/LibHacHorizonManager.cs

@@ -60,8 +60,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS
             virtualFileSystem.InitializeFsServer(Server, out var fsClient);
 
             FsClient = fsClient;
-
-            CleanSdCardDirectory();
         }
 
         public void InitializeSystemClients()
@@ -78,27 +76,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS
             ApplicationClient = Server.CreateHorizonClient(new ProgramLocation(programId, StorageId.BuiltInUser), npdm.FsAccessControlData, npdm.FsAccessControlDescriptor);
         }
 
-        // This function was added to avoid errors that come from a user's keys or SD encryption seed changing.
-        // Catching these errors and recreating the file ended up not working because of the different ways
-        // applications respond to a file suddenly containing all zeros or having a length of zero.
-        // Clearing the SD card save directory was determined to be the best option for the moment since
-        // the saves on the SD card are meant as caches that can be deleted at any time.
-        private void CleanSdCardDirectory()
-        {
-            Result rc = RyujinxClient.Fs.MountSdCard("sdcard".ToU8Span());
-            if (rc.IsFailure()) return;
-
-            try
-            {
-                RyujinxClient.Fs.CleanDirectoryRecursively("sdcard:/Nintendo/save".ToU8Span()).IgnoreResult();
-                RyujinxClient.Fs.DeleteDirectoryRecursively("sdcard:/save".ToU8Span()).IgnoreResult();
-            }
-            finally
-            {
-                RyujinxClient.Fs.Unmount("sdcard".ToU8Span());
-            }
-        }
-
         private static AccessControlBits.Bits AccountFsPermissions => AccessControlBits.Bits.SystemSaveData |
                                                                       AccessControlBits.Bits.GameCard |
                                                                       AccessControlBits.Bits.SaveDataMeta |

Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Services/Am/AppletOE/ApplicationProxyService/ApplicationProxy/IApplicationFunctions.cs

@@ -26,8 +26,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Am.AppletOE.ApplicationProxyService.Applicati
 {
     class IApplicationFunctions : IpcService
     {
-        private ulong _defaultSaveDataSize        = 200000000;
-        private ulong _defaultJournalSaveDataSize = 200000000;
+        private long _defaultSaveDataSize        = 200000000;
+        private long _defaultJournalSaveDataSize = 200000000;
 
         private KEvent _gpuErrorDetectedSystemEvent;
         private KEvent _friendInvitationStorageChannelEvent;
@@ -203,13 +203,13 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Am.AppletOE.ApplicationProxyService.Applicati
         }
 
         [CommandHipc(25)] // 3.0.0+
-        // ExtendSaveData(u8 save_data_type, nn::account::Uid, u64 save_size, u64 journal_size) -> u64 result_code
+        // ExtendSaveData(u8 save_data_type, nn::account::Uid, s64 save_size, s64 journal_size) -> u64 result_code
         public ResultCode ExtendSaveData(ServiceCtx context)
         {
             SaveDataType saveDataType = (SaveDataType)context.RequestData.ReadUInt64();
             Uid          userId       = context.RequestData.ReadStruct<Uid>();
-            ulong        saveDataSize = context.RequestData.ReadUInt64();
-            ulong        journalSize  = context.RequestData.ReadUInt64();
+            long        saveDataSize  = context.RequestData.ReadInt64();
+            long        journalSize   = context.RequestData.ReadInt64();
 
             // NOTE: Service calls nn::fs::ExtendApplicationSaveData.
             //       Since LibHac currently doesn't support this method, we can stub it for now.
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Am.AppletOE.ApplicationProxyService.Applicati
         }
 
         [CommandHipc(26)] // 3.0.0+
-        // GetSaveDataSize(u8 save_data_type, nn::account::Uid) -> (u64 save_size, u64 journal_size)
+        // GetSaveDataSize(u8 save_data_type, nn::account::Uid) -> (s64 save_size, s64 journal_size)
         public ResultCode GetSaveDataSize(ServiceCtx context)
         {
             SaveDataType saveDataType = (SaveDataType)context.RequestData.ReadUInt64();
@@ -268,6 +268,23 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Am.AppletOE.ApplicationProxyService.Applicati
             return ResultCode.Success;
         }
 
+        [CommandHipc(28)] // 11.0.0+
+        // GetSaveDataSizeMax() -> (s64 save_size_max, s64 journal_size_max)
+        public ResultCode GetSaveDataSizeMax(ServiceCtx context)
+        {
+            // NOTE: We are currently using a stub for GetSaveDataSize() which returns the default values.
+            //       For this method we shouldn't return anything lower than that, but since we aren't interacting
+            //       with fs to get the actual sizes, we return the default values here as well.
+            //       This also helps in case ExtendSaveData() has been executed and the default values were modified.
+
+            context.ResponseData.Write(_defaultSaveDataSize);
+            context.ResponseData.Write(_defaultJournalSaveDataSize);
+
+            Logger.Stub?.PrintStub(LogClass.ServiceAm);
+
+            return ResultCode.Success;
+        }
+
         [CommandHipc(30)]
         // BeginBlockingHomeButtonShortAndLongPressed()
         public ResultCode BeginBlockingHomeButtonShortAndLongPressed(ServiceCtx context)

Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Services/Friend/ServiceCreator/IFriendService.cs

@@ -43,6 +43,16 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Friend.ServiceCreator
             return ResultCode.Success;
         }
 
+        [CommandHipc(1)]
+        // nn::friends::Cancel()
+        public ResultCode Cancel(ServiceCtx context)
+        {
+            // TODO: Original service sets an internal field to 1 here. Determine usage.
+            Logger.Stub?.PrintStub(LogClass.ServiceFriend);
+
+            return ResultCode.Success;
+        }
+
         [CommandHipc(10100)]
         // nn::friends::GetFriendListIds(int offset, nn::account::Uid userId, nn::friends::detail::ipc::SizedFriendFilter friendFilter, ulong pidPlaceHolder, pid)
         // -> int outCount, array<nn::account::NetworkServiceAccountId, 0xa>
@@ -266,9 +276,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Friend.ServiceCreator
             // NOTE: Calls nn::friends::detail::service::core::PlayHistoryManager::GetInstance and stores the instance.
 
             byte[] randomBytes = new byte[8];
-            Random random      = new Random();
 
-            random.NextBytes(randomBytes);
+            Random.Shared.NextBytes(randomBytes);
 
             // NOTE: Calls nn::friends::detail::service::core::UuidManager::GetInstance and stores the instance.
             //       Then call nn::friends::detail::service::core::AccountStorageManager::GetInstance and store the instance.

Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Services/Fs/IDeviceOperator.cs

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 using LibHac;
 using LibHac.Common;
-using LibHac.Fs;
+
+using GameCardHandle = System.UInt32;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Fs
 {
@@ -41,7 +42,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Fs
         {
             Result result = _baseOperator.Get.GetGameCardHandle(out GameCardHandle handle);
 
-            context.ResponseData.Write(handle.Value);
+            context.ResponseData.Write(handle);
 
             return (ResultCode)result.Value;
         }

Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Services/Fs/IFileSystemProxy.cs

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ using static Ryujinx.HLE.Utilities.StringUtils;
 using IFileSystem = LibHac.FsSrv.Sf.IFileSystem;
 using IStorage = LibHac.FsSrv.Sf.IStorage;
 using RightsId = LibHac.Fs.RightsId;
+using GameCardHandle = System.UInt32;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Fs
 {
@@ -239,7 +240,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Fs
         // OpenGameCardStorage(u32 handle, u32 partitionId) -> object<nn::fssrv::sf::IStorage>
         public ResultCode OpenGameCardStorage(ServiceCtx context)
         {
-            GameCardHandle handle = new GameCardHandle(context.RequestData.ReadInt32());
+            GameCardHandle handle = context.RequestData.ReadUInt32();
             GameCardPartitionRaw partitionId = (GameCardPartitionRaw)context.RequestData.ReadInt32();
             using var storage = new SharedRef<IStorage>();
 
@@ -255,7 +256,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Fs
         // OpenGameCardFileSystem(u32 handle, u32 partitionId) -> object<nn::fssrv::sf::IFileSystem>
         public ResultCode OpenGameCardFileSystem(ServiceCtx context)
         {
-            GameCardHandle handle = new GameCardHandle(context.RequestData.ReadInt32());
+            GameCardHandle handle = context.RequestData.ReadUInt32();
             GameCardPartition partitionId = (GameCardPartition)context.RequestData.ReadInt32();
             using var fileSystem = new SharedRef<IFileSystem>();
 
@@ -315,6 +316,17 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Fs
             return (ResultCode)_baseFileSystemProxy.Get.CreateSaveDataFileSystemWithHashSalt(in attribute, in creationInfo, in metaCreateInfo, in hashSalt).Value;
         }
 
+        [CommandHipc(37)] // 14.0.0+
+        // CreateSaveDataFileSystemWithCreationInfo2(buffer<nn::fs::SaveDataCreationInfo2, 25> creationInfo) -> ()
+        public ResultCode CreateSaveDataFileSystemWithCreationInfo2(ServiceCtx context)
+        {
+            byte[] creationInfoBuffer = new byte[context.Request.SendBuff[0].Size];
+            context.Memory.Read(context.Request.SendBuff[0].Position, creationInfoBuffer);
+            ref readonly SaveDataCreationInfo2 creationInfo = ref SpanHelpers.AsReadOnlyStruct<SaveDataCreationInfo2>(creationInfoBuffer);
+
+            return (ResultCode)_baseFileSystemProxy.Get.CreateSaveDataFileSystemWithCreationInfo2(in creationInfo).Value;
+        }
+
         [CommandHipc(51)]
         // OpenSaveDataFileSystem(u8 spaceId, nn::fs::SaveDataAttribute attribute) -> object<nn::fssrv::sf::IFileSystem> saveDataFs
         public ResultCode OpenSaveDataFileSystem(ServiceCtx context)

Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Services/Nfc/Nfp/VirtualAmiibo.cs

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Nfc.Nfp
         {
             byte[] uuid = new byte[9];
 
-            new Random().NextBytes(uuid);
+            Random.Shared.NextBytes(uuid);
 
             uuid[3] = (byte)(0x88    ^ uuid[0] ^ uuid[1] ^ uuid[2]);
             uuid[8] = (byte)(uuid[3] ^ uuid[4] ^ uuid[5] ^ uuid[6]);
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Nfc.Nfp
                 Reserved1       = new Array64<byte>(),
                 Reserved2       = new Array58<byte>()
             };
-            Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("Ryujinx").CopyTo(registerInfo.Nickname.AsSpan());
+            "Ryujinx"u8.CopyTo(registerInfo.Nickname.AsSpan());
 
             return registerInfo;
         }

Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Services/Nifm/StaticService/IGeneralService.cs

@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Nifm.StaticService
             networkProfile.IpSettingData.IpAddressSetting = new IpAddressSetting(interfaceProperties, unicastAddress);
             networkProfile.IpSettingData.DnsSetting       = new DnsSetting(interfaceProperties);
 
-            Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("RyujinxNetwork").CopyTo(networkProfile.Name.AsSpan());
+            "RyujinxNetwork"u8.CopyTo(networkProfile.Name.AsSpan());
 
             context.Memory.Write(networkProfileDataPosition, networkProfile);
 

Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Services/Nv/NvDrvServices/NvHostAsGpu/NvHostAsGpuDeviceFile.cs

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Nv.NvDrvServices.NvHostAsGpu
 
         private static readonly uint[] _pageSizes = new uint[] { SmallPageSize, BigPageSize };
 
-        private const ulong SmallRegionLimit = 0x400000000UL; // 16 GB
+        private const ulong SmallRegionLimit = 0x400000000UL; // 16 GiB
         private const ulong DefaultUserSize = 1UL << 37;
 
         private struct VmRegion

Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Services/Prepo/IPrepoService.cs

@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Prepo
             {
                 byte[] randomBuffer = new byte[8];
 
-                new Random().NextBytes(randomBuffer);
+                Random.Shared.NextBytes(randomBuffer);
 
                 _systemSessionId = BitConverter.ToUInt64(randomBuffer, 0);
             }

Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Services/Ro/IRoInterface.cs

@@ -32,8 +32,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Ro
         private KProcess _owner;
         private IVirtualMemoryManager _ownerMm;
 
-        private static Random _random = new Random();
-
         public IRoInterface(ServiceCtx context)
         {
             _nrrInfos = new List<NrrInfo>(MaxNrr);
@@ -283,7 +281,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Ro
             {
                 while (true)
                 {
-                    ulong randomOffset = (ulong)(uint)_random.Next(0, (int)addressSpacePageLimit) << 12;
+                    ulong randomOffset = (ulong)(uint)Random.Shared.Next(0, (int)addressSpacePageLimit) << 12;
 
                     targetAddress = memMgr.GetAddrSpaceBaseAddr() + randomOffset;
 

Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Services/Spl/IGeneralInterface.cs

@@ -67,17 +67,17 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Spl
                     configValue = 0;
                     break;
                 case ConfigItem.DramId:
-                    if (memorySize == MemorySize.MemorySize8GB)
+                    if (memorySize == MemorySize.MemorySize8GiB)
                     {
-                        configValue = (ulong)DramId.IowaSamsung8GB;
+                        configValue = (ulong)DramId.IowaSamsung8GiB;
                     }
-                    else if (memorySize == MemorySize.MemorySize6GB)
+                    else if (memorySize == MemorySize.MemorySize6GiB)
                     {
-                        configValue = (ulong)DramId.IcosaSamsung6GB;
+                        configValue = (ulong)DramId.IcosaSamsung6GiB;
                     }
                     else
                     {
-                        configValue = (ulong)DramId.IcosaSamsung4GB;
+                        configValue = (ulong)DramId.IcosaSamsung4GiB;
                     }
                     break;
                 case ConfigItem.SecurityEngineInterruptNumber: 

Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Services/Spl/Types/DramId.cs

@@ -2,34 +2,34 @@
 {
     enum DramId
     {
-        IcosaSamsung4GB,
-        IcosaHynix4GB,
-        IcosaMicron4GB,
-        IowaHynix1y4GB,
-        IcosaSamsung6GB,
-        HoagHynix1y4GB,
-        AulaHynix1y4GB,
-        IowaX1X2Samsung4GB,
-        IowaSansung4GB,
-        IowaSamsung8GB,
-        IowaHynix4GB,
-        IowaMicron4GB,
-        HoagSamsung4GB,
-        HoagSamsung8GB,
-        HoagHynix4GB,
-        HoagMicron4GB,
-        IowaSamsung4GBY,
-        IowaSamsung1y4GBX,
-        IowaSamsung1y8GBX,
-        HoagSamsung1y4GBX,
-        IowaSamsung1y4GBY,
-        IowaSamsung1y8GBY,
-        AulaSamsung1y4GB,
-        HoagSamsung1y8GBX,
-        AulaSamsung1y4GBX,
-        IowaMicron1y4GB,
-        HoagMicron1y4GB,
-        AulaMicron1y4GB,
-        AulaSamsung1y8GBX
+        IcosaSamsung4GiB,
+        IcosaHynix4GiB,
+        IcosaMicron4GiB,
+        IowaHynix1y4GiB,
+        IcosaSamsung6GiB,
+        HoagHynix1y4GiB,
+        AulaHynix1y4GiB,
+        IowaX1X2Samsung4GiB,
+        IowaSansung4GiB,
+        IowaSamsung8GiB,
+        IowaHynix4GiB,
+        IowaMicron4GiB,
+        HoagSamsung4GiB,
+        HoagSamsung8GiB,
+        HoagHynix4GiB,
+        HoagMicron4GiB,
+        IowaSamsung4GiBY,
+        IowaSamsung1y4GiBX,
+        IowaSamsung1y8GiBX,
+        HoagSamsung1y4GiBX,
+        IowaSamsung1y4GiBY,
+        IowaSamsung1y8GiBY,
+        AulaSamsung1y4GiB,
+        HoagSamsung1y8GiBX,
+        AulaSamsung1y4GiBX,
+        IowaMicron1y4GiB,
+        HoagMicron1y4GiB,
+        AulaMicron1y4GiB,
+        AulaSamsung1y8GiBX
     }
 }

Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Services/Time/TimeZone/TimeZone.cs

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Time.TimeZone
             new int[] { 31, 29, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31 }
         };
 
-        private static readonly byte[] TimeZoneDefaultRule = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(",M4.1.0,M10.5.0");
+        private static ReadOnlySpan<byte> TimeZoneDefaultRule => ",M4.1.0,M10.5.0"u8;
 
         [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack = 0x4, Size = 0x10)]
         private struct CalendarTimeInternal