Remove Custom Theming (#6175)

Bumps [DynamicData](https://github.com/reactiveui/DynamicData) from 7.14.2 to 8.3.27.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/reactiveui/DynamicData/releases)
- [Changelog](https://github.com/reactivemarbles/DynamicData/blob/main/ReleaseNotes.md)
- [Commits](https://github.com/reactiveui/DynamicData/compare/7.14.2...8.3.27)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: DynamicData
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-major
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>
Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Ac_K <Acoustik666@gmail.com>

Directory.Packages.props

@@ -13,25 +13,25 @@
     <PackageVersion Include="CommandLineParser" Version="2.9.1" />
     <PackageVersion Include="Concentus" Version="1.1.7" />
     <PackageVersion Include="DiscordRichPresence" Version="1.2.1.24" />
-    <PackageVersion Include="DynamicData" Version="7.14.2" />
+    <PackageVersion Include="DynamicData" Version="8.3.27" />
     <PackageVersion Include="FluentAvaloniaUI" Version="2.0.5" />
     <PackageVersion Include="GtkSharp.Dependencies" Version="1.1.1" />
     <PackageVersion Include="GtkSharp.Dependencies.osx" Version="0.0.5" />
     <PackageVersion Include="jp2masa.Avalonia.Flexbox" Version="0.3.0-beta.4" />
     <PackageVersion Include="LibHac" Version="0.19.0" />
     <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.Analyzers" Version="3.3.4" />
-    <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp" Version="4.7.0" />
+    <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp" Version="4.8.0" />
     <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.IdentityModel.JsonWebTokens" Version="7.2.0" />
     <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.NET.Test.Sdk" Version="17.8.0" />
-    <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.IO.RecyclableMemoryStream" Version="2.3.2" />
+    <PackageVersion Include="Microsoft.IO.RecyclableMemoryStream" Version="3.0.0" />
     <PackageVersion Include="MsgPack.Cli" Version="1.0.1" />
     <PackageVersion Include="NetCoreServer" Version="7.0.0" />
     <PackageVersion Include="NUnit" Version="3.13.3" />
     <PackageVersion Include="NUnit3TestAdapter" Version="4.1.0" />
-    <PackageVersion Include="OpenTK.Core" Version="4.8.1" />
-    <PackageVersion Include="OpenTK.Graphics" Version="4.8.1" />
-    <PackageVersion Include="OpenTK.Audio.OpenAL" Version="4.8.1" />
-    <PackageVersion Include="OpenTK.Windowing.GraphicsLibraryFramework" Version="4.8.1" />
+    <PackageVersion Include="OpenTK.Core" Version="4.8.2" />
+    <PackageVersion Include="OpenTK.Graphics" Version="4.8.2" />
+    <PackageVersion Include="OpenTK.Audio.OpenAL" Version="4.8.2" />
+    <PackageVersion Include="OpenTK.Windowing.GraphicsLibraryFramework" Version="4.8.2" />
     <PackageVersion Include="Ryujinx.Audio.OpenAL.Dependencies" Version="1.21.0.1" />
     <PackageVersion Include="Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec.Dependencies" Version="5.0.1-build13" />
     <PackageVersion Include="Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan.Dependencies.MoltenVK" Version="1.2.0" />

distribution/macos/shortcut-launch-script.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+launch_arch="$(uname -m)"
+if [ "$(sysctl -in sysctl.proc_translated)" = "1" ]
+then
+    launch_arch="arm64"
+fi
+
+arch -$launch_arch {0} {1}

src/ARMeilleure/Decoders/OpCodeTable.cs

@@ -517,7 +517,10 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.Decoders
             SetA64("0x00111100>>>xxx100111xxxxxxxxxx", InstName.Sqrshrn_V,       InstEmit.Sqrshrn_V,       OpCodeSimdShImm.Create);
             SetA64("0111111100>>>xxx100011xxxxxxxxxx", InstName.Sqrshrun_S,      InstEmit.Sqrshrun_S,      OpCodeSimdShImm.Create);
             SetA64("0x10111100>>>xxx100011xxxxxxxxxx", InstName.Sqrshrun_V,      InstEmit.Sqrshrun_V,      OpCodeSimdShImm.Create);
+            SetA64("010111110>>>>xxx011101xxxxxxxxxx", InstName.Sqshl_Si,        InstEmit.Sqshl_Si,        OpCodeSimdShImm.Create);
             SetA64("0>001110<<1xxxxx010011xxxxxxxxxx", InstName.Sqshl_V,         InstEmit.Sqshl_V,         OpCodeSimdReg.Create);
+            SetA64("0000111100>>>xxx011101xxxxxxxxxx", InstName.Sqshl_Vi,        InstEmit.Sqshl_Vi,        OpCodeSimdShImm.Create);
+            SetA64("010011110>>>>xxx011101xxxxxxxxxx", InstName.Sqshl_Vi,        InstEmit.Sqshl_Vi,        OpCodeSimdShImm.Create);
             SetA64("0101111100>>>xxx100101xxxxxxxxxx", InstName.Sqshrn_S,        InstEmit.Sqshrn_S,        OpCodeSimdShImm.Create);
             SetA64("0x00111100>>>xxx100101xxxxxxxxxx", InstName.Sqshrn_V,        InstEmit.Sqshrn_V,        OpCodeSimdShImm.Create);
             SetA64("0111111100>>>xxx100001xxxxxxxxxx", InstName.Sqshrun_S,       InstEmit.Sqshrun_S,       OpCodeSimdShImm.Create);

src/ARMeilleure/Instructions/InstEmitSimdShift.cs

@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.Instructions
             }
             else if (shift >= eSize)
             {
-                if ((op.RegisterSize == RegisterSize.Simd64))
+                if (op.RegisterSize == RegisterSize.Simd64)
                 {
                     Operand res = context.VectorZeroUpper64(GetVec(op.Rd));
 
@@ -359,6 +359,16 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.Instructions
             }
         }
 
+        public static void Sqshl_Si(ArmEmitterContext context)
+        {
+            EmitShlImmOp(context, signedDst: true, ShlRegFlags.Signed | ShlRegFlags.Scalar | ShlRegFlags.Saturating);
+        }
+
+        public static void Sqshl_Vi(ArmEmitterContext context)
+        {
+            EmitShlImmOp(context, signedDst: true, ShlRegFlags.Signed | ShlRegFlags.Saturating);
+        }
+
         public static void Sqshrn_S(ArmEmitterContext context)
         {
             if (Optimizations.UseAdvSimd)
@@ -1593,6 +1603,99 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.Instructions
             Saturating = 1 << 3,
         }
 
+        private static void EmitShlImmOp(ArmEmitterContext context, bool signedDst, ShlRegFlags flags = ShlRegFlags.None)
+        {
+            bool scalar = flags.HasFlag(ShlRegFlags.Scalar);
+            bool signed = flags.HasFlag(ShlRegFlags.Signed);
+            bool saturating = flags.HasFlag(ShlRegFlags.Saturating);
+
+            OpCodeSimdShImm op = (OpCodeSimdShImm)context.CurrOp;
+
+            Operand res = context.VectorZero();
+
+            int elems = !scalar ? op.GetBytesCount() >> op.Size : 1;
+
+            for (int index = 0; index < elems; index++)
+            {
+                Operand ne = EmitVectorExtract(context, op.Rn, index, op.Size, signed);
+
+                Operand e = !saturating
+                    ? EmitShlImm(context, ne, GetImmShl(op), op.Size)
+                    : EmitShlImmSatQ(context, ne, GetImmShl(op), op.Size, signed, signedDst);
+
+                res = EmitVectorInsert(context, res, e, index, op.Size);
+            }
+
+            context.Copy(GetVec(op.Rd), res);
+        }
+
+        private static Operand EmitShlImm(ArmEmitterContext context, Operand op, int shiftLsB, int size)
+        {
+            int eSize = 8 << size;
+
+            Debug.Assert(op.Type == OperandType.I64);
+            Debug.Assert(eSize == 8 || eSize == 16 || eSize == 32 || eSize == 64);
+
+            Operand res = context.AllocateLocal(OperandType.I64);
+
+            if (shiftLsB >= eSize)
+            {
+                Operand shl = context.ShiftLeft(op, Const(shiftLsB));
+                context.Copy(res, shl);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                Operand zeroL = Const(0L);
+                context.Copy(res, zeroL);
+            }
+
+            return res;
+        }
+
+        private static Operand EmitShlImmSatQ(ArmEmitterContext context, Operand op, int shiftLsB, int size, bool signedSrc, bool signedDst)
+        {
+            int eSize = 8 << size;
+
+            Debug.Assert(op.Type == OperandType.I64);
+            Debug.Assert(eSize == 8 || eSize == 16 || eSize == 32 || eSize == 64);
+
+            Operand lblEnd = Label();
+
+            Operand res = context.Copy(context.AllocateLocal(OperandType.I64), op);
+
+            if (shiftLsB >= eSize)
+            {
+                context.Copy(res, signedSrc
+                    ? EmitSignedSignSatQ(context, op, size)
+                    : EmitUnsignedSignSatQ(context, op, size));
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                Operand shl = context.ShiftLeft(op, Const(shiftLsB));
+                if (eSize == 64)
+                {
+                    Operand sarOrShr = signedSrc
+                        ? context.ShiftRightSI(shl, Const(shiftLsB))
+                        : context.ShiftRightUI(shl, Const(shiftLsB));
+                    context.Copy(res, shl);
+                    context.BranchIf(lblEnd, sarOrShr, op, Comparison.Equal);
+                    context.Copy(res, signedSrc
+                        ? EmitSignedSignSatQ(context, op, size)
+                        : EmitUnsignedSignSatQ(context, op, size));
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    context.Copy(res, signedSrc
+                        ? EmitSignedSrcSatQ(context, shl, size, signedDst)
+                        : EmitUnsignedSrcSatQ(context, shl, size, signedDst));
+                }
+            }
+
+            context.MarkLabel(lblEnd);
+
+            return res;
+        }
+
         private static void EmitShlRegOp(ArmEmitterContext context, ShlRegFlags flags = ShlRegFlags.None)
         {
             bool scalar = flags.HasFlag(ShlRegFlags.Scalar);

src/ARMeilleure/Instructions/InstName.cs

@@ -384,7 +384,9 @@ namespace ARMeilleure.Instructions
         Sqrshrn_V,
         Sqrshrun_S,
         Sqrshrun_V,
+        Sqshl_Si,
         Sqshl_V,
+        Sqshl_Vi,
         Sqshrn_S,
         Sqshrn_V,
         Sqshrun_S,

src/Ryujinx.Ava/App.axaml.cs

@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ using Ryujinx.Ui.Common.Configuration;
 using Ryujinx.Ui.Common.Helper;
 using System;
 using System.Diagnostics;
-using System.IO;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Ava
 {
@@ -90,8 +89,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava
             try
             {
                 string baseStyle = ConfigurationState.Instance.Ui.BaseStyle;
-                string themePath = ConfigurationState.Instance.Ui.CustomThemePath;
-                bool enableCustomTheme = ConfigurationState.Instance.Ui.EnableCustomTheme;
 
                 if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(baseStyle))
                 {
@@ -106,24 +103,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava
                     "Dark" => ThemeVariant.Dark,
                     _ => ThemeVariant.Default,
                 };
-
-                if (enableCustomTheme)
-                {
-                    if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(themePath))
-                    {
-                        try
-                        {
-                            var themeContent = File.ReadAllText(themePath);
-                            var customStyle = AvaloniaRuntimeXamlLoader.Parse<IStyle>(themeContent);
-
-                            Styles.Add(customStyle);
-                        }
-                        catch (Exception ex)
-                        {
-                            Logger.Error?.Print(LogClass.Application, $"Failed to Apply Custom Theme. Error: {ex.Message}");
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
             }
             catch (Exception)
             {

src/Ryujinx.Ava/Assets/Locales/en_US.json

@@ -294,13 +294,9 @@
   "GameListContextMenuRunApplication": "Run Application",
   "GameListContextMenuToggleFavorite": "Toggle Favorite",
   "GameListContextMenuToggleFavoriteToolTip": "Toggle Favorite status of Game",
-  "SettingsTabGeneralTheme": "Theme",
-  "SettingsTabGeneralThemeCustomTheme": "Custom Theme Path",
-  "SettingsTabGeneralThemeBaseStyle": "Base Style",
-  "SettingsTabGeneralThemeBaseStyleDark": "Dark",
-  "SettingsTabGeneralThemeBaseStyleLight": "Light",
-  "SettingsTabGeneralThemeEnableCustomTheme": "Enable Custom Theme",
-  "ButtonBrowse": "Browse",
+  "SettingsTabGeneralTheme": "Theme:",
+  "SettingsTabGeneralThemeDark": "Dark",
+  "SettingsTabGeneralThemeLight": "Light",
   "ControllerSettingsConfigureGeneral": "Configure",
   "ControllerSettingsRumble": "Rumble",
   "ControllerSettingsRumbleStrongMultiplier": "Strong Rumble Multiplier",

src/Ryujinx.Ava/UI/ViewModels/SettingsViewModel.cs

@@ -48,7 +48,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.ViewModels
         private readonly List<string> _gpuIds = new();
         private KeyboardHotkeys _keyboardHotkeys;
         private int _graphicsBackendIndex;
-        private string _customThemePath;
         private int _scalingFilter;
         private int _scalingFilterLevel;
 
@@ -160,7 +159,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.ViewModels
         public bool IsOpenAlEnabled { get; set; }
         public bool IsSoundIoEnabled { get; set; }
         public bool IsSDL2Enabled { get; set; }
-        public bool EnableCustomTheme { get; set; }
         public bool IsCustomResolutionScaleActive => _resolutionScale == 4;
         public bool IsScalingFilterActive => _scalingFilter == (int)Ryujinx.Common.Configuration.ScalingFilter.Fsr;
 
@@ -170,20 +168,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.ViewModels
         public string TimeZone { get; set; }
         public string ShaderDumpPath { get; set; }
 
-        public string CustomThemePath
-        {
-            get
-            {
-                return _customThemePath;
-            }
-            set
-            {
-                _customThemePath = value;
-
-                OnPropertyChanged();
-            }
-        }
-
         public int Language { get; set; }
         public int Region { get; set; }
         public int FsGlobalAccessLogMode { get; set; }
@@ -426,8 +410,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.ViewModels
             GameDirectories.Clear();
             GameDirectories.AddRange(config.Ui.GameDirs.Value);
 
-            EnableCustomTheme = config.Ui.EnableCustomTheme;
-            CustomThemePath = config.Ui.CustomThemePath;
             BaseStyleIndex = config.Ui.BaseStyle == "Light" ? 0 : 1;
 
             // Input
@@ -515,8 +497,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.ViewModels
                 config.Ui.GameDirs.Value = gameDirs;
             }
 
-            config.Ui.EnableCustomTheme.Value = EnableCustomTheme;
-            config.Ui.CustomThemePath.Value = CustomThemePath;
             config.Ui.BaseStyle.Value = BaseStyleIndex == 0 ? "Light" : "Dark";
 
             // Input

src/Ryujinx.Ava/UI/Views/Settings/SettingsUIView.axaml

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
                     <CheckBox IsChecked="{Binding ShowConfirmExit}">
                         <TextBlock Text="{locale:Locale SettingsTabGeneralShowConfirmExitDialog}" />
                     </CheckBox>
-                    <StackPanel Margin="0, 15, 0, 10" Orientation="Horizontal">
+                    <StackPanel Margin="0, 15, 0, 0" Orientation="Horizontal">
                         <TextBlock VerticalAlignment="Center"
                                    Text="{locale:Locale SettingsTabGeneralHideCursor}"
                                    Width="150" />
@@ -54,6 +54,22 @@
                             </ComboBoxItem>
                         </ComboBox>
                     </StackPanel>
+                    <StackPanel Margin="0, 15, 0, 10" Orientation="Horizontal">
+                        <TextBlock
+                            VerticalAlignment="Center"
+                            Text="{locale:Locale SettingsTabGeneralTheme}"
+                            Width="150" />
+                        <ComboBox SelectedIndex="{Binding BaseStyleIndex}"
+                                  HorizontalContentAlignment="Left"
+                                  MinWidth="100">
+                            <ComboBoxItem>
+                                <TextBlock Text="{locale:Locale SettingsTabGeneralThemeLight}" />
+                            </ComboBoxItem>
+                            <ComboBoxItem>
+                                <TextBlock Text="{locale:Locale SettingsTabGeneralThemeDark}" />
+                            </ComboBoxItem>
+                        </ComboBox>
+                    </StackPanel>
                 </StackPanel>
                 <Separator Height="1" />
                 <TextBlock Classes="h1" Text="{locale:Locale SettingsTabGeneralGameDirectories}" />
@@ -106,64 +122,6 @@
                         </Button>
                     </Grid>
                 </StackPanel>
-                <Separator Height="1" />
-                <TextBlock Classes="h1" Text="{locale:Locale SettingsTabGeneralTheme}" />
-                <Grid Margin="10,0,0,0">
-                    <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
-                        <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto" />
-                        <ColumnDefinition />
-                        <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto" />
-                    </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
-                    <Grid.RowDefinitions>
-                        <RowDefinition />
-                        <RowDefinition />
-                        <RowDefinition />
-                    </Grid.RowDefinitions>
-                    <CheckBox
-                        IsChecked="{Binding EnableCustomTheme}"
-                        ToolTip.Tip="{locale:Locale CustomThemeCheckTooltip}">
-                        <TextBlock Text="{locale:Locale SettingsTabGeneralThemeEnableCustomTheme}" />
-                    </CheckBox>
-                    <TextBlock
-                        Grid.Column="0"
-                        Grid.Row="1"
-                        VerticalAlignment="Center"
-                        Margin="0,10,0,0"
-                        Text="{locale:Locale SettingsTabGeneralThemeCustomTheme}"
-                        ToolTip.Tip="{locale:Locale CustomThemePathTooltip}" />
-                    <TextBox
-                        Grid.Row="1"
-                        Grid.Column="1"
-                        Margin="0,10,0,0"
-                        Text="{Binding CustomThemePath}" />
-                    <Button
-                        Grid.Row="1"
-                        Grid.Column="2"
-                        Margin="10,10,0,0"
-                        Click="BrowseTheme"
-                        ToolTip.Tip="{locale:Locale CustomThemeBrowseTooltip}"
-                        Content="{locale:Locale ButtonBrowse}" />
-                    <TextBlock
-                        Grid.Column="0"
-                        Grid.Row="2"
-                        VerticalAlignment="Center"
-                        Margin="0,10,0,0"
-                        Text="{locale:Locale SettingsTabGeneralThemeBaseStyle}" />
-                    <ComboBox
-                        Grid.Column="1"
-                        Grid.Row="2"
-                        VerticalAlignment="Center"
-                        Margin="0,10,0,0"
-                        MinWidth="100"
-                        SelectedIndex="{Binding BaseStyleIndex}">
-                        <ComboBoxItem>
-                            <TextBlock Text="{locale:Locale SettingsTabGeneralThemeBaseStyleLight}" />
-                        </ComboBoxItem>
-                        <ComboBoxItem>
-                            <TextBlock Text="{locale:Locale SettingsTabGeneralThemeBaseStyleDark}" />
-                        </ComboBoxItem>
-                    </ComboBox>
-                </Grid>
             </StackPanel>
         </Border>
     </ScrollViewer>

src/Ryujinx.Ava/UI/Views/Settings/SettingsUIView.axaml.cs

@@ -61,29 +61,5 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Views.Settings
                 GameList.SelectedIndex = oldIndex < GameList.ItemCount ? oldIndex : 0;
             }
         }
-
-        public async void BrowseTheme(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
-        {
-            var window = this.GetVisualRoot() as Window;
-            var result = await window.StorageProvider.OpenFilePickerAsync(new FilePickerOpenOptions
-            {
-                Title = LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.SettingsSelectThemeFileDialogTitle],
-                AllowMultiple = false,
-                FileTypeFilter = new List<FilePickerFileType>
-                {
-                    new("xml")
-                    {
-                        Patterns = new[] { "*.xaml" },
-                        AppleUniformTypeIdentifiers = new[] { "com.ryujinx.xaml" },
-                        MimeTypes = new[] { "application/xaml+xml" },
-                    },
-                },
-            });
-
-            if (result.Count > 0)
-            {
-                ViewModel.CustomThemePath = result[0].Path.LocalPath;
-            }
-        }
     }
 }

src/Ryujinx.Common/Memory/StructArrayHelpers.cs

@@ -744,6 +744,17 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Common.Memory
         public Span<T> AsSpan() => MemoryMarshal.CreateSpan(ref _e0, Length);
     }
 
+    public struct Array65<T> : IArray<T> where T : unmanaged
+    {
+        T _e0;
+        Array64<T> _other;
+        public readonly int Length => 65;
+        public ref T this[int index] => ref AsSpan()[index];
+
+        [Pure]
+        public Span<T> AsSpan() => MemoryMarshal.CreateSpan(ref _e0, Length);
+    }
+
     public struct Array73<T> : IArray<T> where T : unmanaged
     {
         T _e0;

src/Ryujinx.Common/Memory/StructByteArrayHelpers.cs

@@ -63,6 +63,18 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Common.Memory
         public Span<byte> AsSpan() => MemoryMarshal.CreateSpan(ref _element, Size);
     }
 
+    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Size = Size, Pack = 1)]
+    public struct ByteArray3000 : IArray<byte>
+    {
+        private const int Size = 3000;
+
+        byte _element;
+
+        public readonly int Length => Size;
+        public ref byte this[int index] => ref AsSpan()[index];
+        public Span<byte> AsSpan() => MemoryMarshal.CreateSpan(ref _element, Size);
+    }
+
     [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Size = Size, Pack = 1)]
     public struct ByteArray4096 : IArray<byte>
     {

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Device/DeviceMemoryManager.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,395 @@
+using Ryujinx.Memory;
+using System;
+using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
+using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Device
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Device memory manager.
+    /// </summary>
+    public class DeviceMemoryManager : IWritableBlock
+    {
+        private const int PtLvl0Bits = 10;
+        private const int PtLvl1Bits = 10;
+        public const int PtPageBits = 12;
+
+        private const ulong PtLvl0Size = 1UL << PtLvl0Bits;
+        private const ulong PtLvl1Size = 1UL << PtLvl1Bits;
+        public const ulong PageSize = 1UL << PtPageBits;
+
+        private const ulong PtLvl0Mask = PtLvl0Size - 1;
+        private const ulong PtLvl1Mask = PtLvl1Size - 1;
+        public const ulong PageMask = PageSize - 1;
+
+        private const int PtLvl0Bit = PtPageBits + PtLvl1Bits;
+        private const int PtLvl1Bit = PtPageBits;
+        private const int AddressSpaceBits = PtPageBits + PtLvl1Bits + PtLvl0Bits;
+
+        public const ulong PteUnmapped = ulong.MaxValue;
+
+        private readonly ulong[][] _pageTable;
+
+        private readonly IVirtualMemoryManager _physical;
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Creates a new instance of the GPU memory manager.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="physicalMemory">Physical memory that this memory manager will map into</param>
+        public DeviceMemoryManager(IVirtualMemoryManager physicalMemory)
+        {
+            _physical = physicalMemory;
+            _pageTable = new ulong[PtLvl0Size][];
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Reads data from GPU mapped memory.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <typeparam name="T">Type of the data</typeparam>
+        /// <param name="va">GPU virtual address where the data is located</param>
+        /// <returns>The data at the specified memory location</returns>
+        public T Read<T>(ulong va) where T : unmanaged
+        {
+            int size = Unsafe.SizeOf<T>();
+
+            if (IsContiguous(va, size))
+            {
+                return _physical.Read<T>(Translate(va));
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                Span<byte> data = new byte[size];
+
+                ReadImpl(va, data);
+
+                return MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, T>(data)[0];
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Gets a read-only span of data from GPU mapped memory.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="va">GPU virtual address where the data is located</param>
+        /// <param name="size">Size of the data</param>
+        /// <returns>The span of the data at the specified memory location</returns>
+        public ReadOnlySpan<byte> GetSpan(ulong va, int size)
+        {
+            if (IsContiguous(va, size))
+            {
+                return _physical.GetSpan(Translate(va), size);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                Span<byte> data = new byte[size];
+
+                ReadImpl(va, data);
+
+                return data;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Reads data from a possibly non-contiguous region of GPU mapped memory.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="va">GPU virtual address of the data</param>
+        /// <param name="data">Span to write the read data into</param>
+        private void ReadImpl(ulong va, Span<byte> data)
+        {
+            if (data.Length == 0)
+            {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            int offset = 0, size;
+
+            if ((va & PageMask) != 0)
+            {
+                ulong pa = Translate(va);
+
+                size = Math.Min(data.Length, (int)PageSize - (int)(va & PageMask));
+
+                if (pa != PteUnmapped && _physical.IsMapped(pa))
+                {
+                    _physical.GetSpan(pa, size).CopyTo(data[..size]);
+                }
+
+                offset += size;
+            }
+
+            for (; offset < data.Length; offset += size)
+            {
+                ulong pa = Translate(va + (ulong)offset);
+
+                size = Math.Min(data.Length - offset, (int)PageSize);
+
+                if (pa != PteUnmapped && _physical.IsMapped(pa))
+                {
+                    _physical.GetSpan(pa, size).CopyTo(data.Slice(offset, size));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Gets a writable region from GPU mapped memory.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="va">Start address of the range</param>
+        /// <param name="size">Size in bytes to be range</param>
+        /// <returns>A writable region with the data at the specified memory location</returns>
+        public WritableRegion GetWritableRegion(ulong va, int size)
+        {
+            if (IsContiguous(va, size))
+            {
+                return _physical.GetWritableRegion(Translate(va), size, tracked: true);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                Memory<byte> memory = new byte[size];
+
+                GetSpan(va, size).CopyTo(memory.Span);
+
+                return new WritableRegion(this, va, memory, tracked: true);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Writes data to GPU mapped memory.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <typeparam name="T">Type of the data</typeparam>
+        /// <param name="va">GPU virtual address to write the value into</param>
+        /// <param name="value">The value to be written</param>
+        public void Write<T>(ulong va, T value) where T : unmanaged
+        {
+            Write(va, MemoryMarshal.Cast<T, byte>(MemoryMarshal.CreateSpan(ref value, 1)));
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Writes data to GPU mapped memory.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="va">GPU virtual address to write the data into</param>
+        /// <param name="data">The data to be written</param>
+        public void Write(ulong va, ReadOnlySpan<byte> data)
+        {
+            if (IsContiguous(va, data.Length))
+            {
+                _physical.Write(Translate(va), data);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                int offset = 0, size;
+
+                if ((va & PageMask) != 0)
+                {
+                    ulong pa = Translate(va);
+
+                    size = Math.Min(data.Length, (int)PageSize - (int)(va & PageMask));
+
+                    if (pa != PteUnmapped && _physical.IsMapped(pa))
+                    {
+                        _physical.Write(pa, data[..size]);
+                    }
+
+                    offset += size;
+                }
+
+                for (; offset < data.Length; offset += size)
+                {
+                    ulong pa = Translate(va + (ulong)offset);
+
+                    size = Math.Min(data.Length - offset, (int)PageSize);
+
+                    if (pa != PteUnmapped && _physical.IsMapped(pa))
+                    {
+                        _physical.Write(pa, data.Slice(offset, size));
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Writes data to GPU mapped memory without write tracking.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="va">GPU virtual address to write the data into</param>
+        /// <param name="data">The data to be written</param>
+        public void WriteUntracked(ulong va, ReadOnlySpan<byte> data)
+        {
+            throw new NotSupportedException();
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Maps a given range of pages to the specified CPU virtual address.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <remarks>
+        /// All addresses and sizes must be page aligned.
+        /// </remarks>
+        /// <param name="pa">CPU virtual address to map into</param>
+        /// <param name="va">GPU virtual address to be mapped</param>
+        /// <param name="kind">Kind of the resource located at the mapping</param>
+        public void Map(ulong pa, ulong va, ulong size)
+        {
+            lock (_pageTable)
+            {
+                for (ulong offset = 0; offset < size; offset += PageSize)
+                {
+                    SetPte(va + offset, PackPte(pa + offset));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Unmaps a given range of pages at the specified GPU virtual memory region.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="va">GPU virtual address to unmap</param>
+        /// <param name="size">Size in bytes of the region being unmapped</param>
+        public void Unmap(ulong va, ulong size)
+        {
+            lock (_pageTable)
+            {
+                for (ulong offset = 0; offset < size; offset += PageSize)
+                {
+                    SetPte(va + offset, PteUnmapped);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Checks if a region of GPU mapped memory is contiguous.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="va">GPU virtual address of the region</param>
+        /// <param name="size">Size of the region</param>
+        /// <returns>True if the region is contiguous, false otherwise</returns>
+        [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
+        private bool IsContiguous(ulong va, int size)
+        {
+            if (!ValidateAddress(va) || GetPte(va) == PteUnmapped)
+            {
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            ulong endVa = (va + (ulong)size + PageMask) & ~PageMask;
+
+            va &= ~PageMask;
+
+            int pages = (int)((endVa - va) / PageSize);
+
+            for (int page = 0; page < pages - 1; page++)
+            {
+                if (!ValidateAddress(va + PageSize) || GetPte(va + PageSize) == PteUnmapped)
+                {
+                    return false;
+                }
+
+                if (Translate(va) + PageSize != Translate(va + PageSize))
+                {
+                    return false;
+                }
+
+                va += PageSize;
+            }
+
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Validates a GPU virtual address.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="va">Address to validate</param>
+        /// <returns>True if the address is valid, false otherwise</returns>
+        private static bool ValidateAddress(ulong va)
+        {
+            return va < (1UL << AddressSpaceBits);
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Checks if a given page is mapped.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="va">GPU virtual address of the page to check</param>
+        /// <returns>True if the page is mapped, false otherwise</returns>
+        public bool IsMapped(ulong va)
+        {
+            return Translate(va) != PteUnmapped;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Translates a GPU virtual address to a CPU virtual address.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="va">GPU virtual address to be translated</param>
+        /// <returns>CPU virtual address, or <see cref="PteUnmapped"/> if unmapped</returns>
+        public ulong Translate(ulong va)
+        {
+            if (!ValidateAddress(va))
+            {
+                return PteUnmapped;
+            }
+
+            ulong pte = GetPte(va);
+
+            if (pte == PteUnmapped)
+            {
+                return PteUnmapped;
+            }
+
+            return UnpackPaFromPte(pte) + (va & PageMask);
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Gets the Page Table entry for a given GPU virtual address.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="va">GPU virtual address</param>
+        /// <returns>Page table entry (CPU virtual address)</returns>
+        private ulong GetPte(ulong va)
+        {
+            ulong l0 = (va >> PtLvl0Bit) & PtLvl0Mask;
+            ulong l1 = (va >> PtLvl1Bit) & PtLvl1Mask;
+
+            if (_pageTable[l0] == null)
+            {
+                return PteUnmapped;
+            }
+
+            return _pageTable[l0][l1];
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Sets a Page Table entry at a given GPU virtual address.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="va">GPU virtual address</param>
+        /// <param name="pte">Page table entry (CPU virtual address)</param>
+        private void SetPte(ulong va, ulong pte)
+        {
+            ulong l0 = (va >> PtLvl0Bit) & PtLvl0Mask;
+            ulong l1 = (va >> PtLvl1Bit) & PtLvl1Mask;
+
+            if (_pageTable[l0] == null)
+            {
+                _pageTable[l0] = new ulong[PtLvl1Size];
+
+                for (ulong index = 0; index < PtLvl1Size; index++)
+                {
+                    _pageTable[l0][index] = PteUnmapped;
+                }
+            }
+
+            _pageTable[l0][l1] = pte;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Creates a page table entry from a physical address and kind.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="pa">Physical address</param>
+        /// <returns>Page table entry</returns>
+        private static ulong PackPte(ulong pa)
+        {
+            return pa;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Unpacks physical address from a page table entry.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="pte">Page table entry</param>
+        /// <returns>Physical address</returns>
+        private static ulong UnpackPaFromPte(ulong pte)
+        {
+            return pte;
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Device/ISynchronizationManager.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+using Ryujinx.Common.Logging;
+using System;
+using System.Threading;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Device
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Synchronization manager interface.
+    /// </summary>
+    public interface ISynchronizationManager
+    {
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Increment the value of a syncpoint with a given id.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="id">The id of the syncpoint</param>
+        /// <exception cref="System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException">Thrown when id >= MaxHardwareSyncpoints</exception>
+        /// <returns>The incremented value of the syncpoint</returns>
+        uint IncrementSyncpoint(uint id);
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Get the value of a syncpoint with a given id.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="id">The id of the syncpoint</param>
+        /// <exception cref="System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException">Thrown when id >= MaxHardwareSyncpoints</exception>
+        /// <returns>The value of the syncpoint</returns>
+        uint GetSyncpointValue(uint id);
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Wait on a syncpoint with a given id at a target threshold.
+        /// The callback will be called once the threshold is reached and will automatically be unregistered.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="id">The id of the syncpoint</param>
+        /// <param name="threshold">The target threshold</param>
+        /// <param name="timeout">The timeout</param>
+        /// <exception cref="System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException">Thrown when id >= MaxHardwareSyncpoints</exception>
+        /// <returns>True if timed out</returns>
+        bool WaitOnSyncpoint(uint id, uint threshold, TimeSpan timeout);
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Device/Ryujinx.Graphics.Device.csproj

@@ -4,4 +4,8 @@
     <TargetFramework>net8.0</TargetFramework>
   </PropertyGroup>
 
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <ProjectReference Include="..\Ryujinx.Memory\Ryujinx.Memory.csproj" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+
 </Project>

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/GpuContext.cs

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 using Ryujinx.Common;
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.Device;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Engine.GPFifo;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory;
@@ -163,6 +164,22 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu
             return new MemoryManager(physicalMemory);
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Creates a new device memory manager.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="pid">ID of the process that owns the memory manager</param>
+        /// <returns>The memory manager</returns>
+        /// <exception cref="ArgumentException">Thrown when <paramref name="pid"/> is invalid</exception>
+        public DeviceMemoryManager CreateDeviceMemoryManager(ulong pid)
+        {
+            if (!PhysicalMemoryRegistry.TryGetValue(pid, out var physicalMemory))
+            {
+                throw new ArgumentException("The PID is invalid or the process was not registered", nameof(pid));
+            }
+
+            return physicalMemory.CreateDeviceMemoryManager();
+        }
+
         /// <summary>
         /// Registers virtual memory used by a process for GPU memory access, caching and read/write tracking.
         /// </summary>

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Image/TextureCache.cs

@@ -790,8 +790,12 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Image
 
                         texture = new Texture(_context, _physicalMemory, info, sizeInfo, range.Value, scaleMode);
 
+                        // If the new texture is larger than the existing one, we need to fill the remaining space with CPU data,
+                        // otherwise we only need the data that is copied from the existing texture, without loading the CPU data.
+                        bool updateNewTexture = texture.Width > overlap.Width || texture.Height > overlap.Height;
+
                         texture.InitializeGroup(true, true, new List<TextureIncompatibleOverlap>());
-                        texture.InitializeData(false, false);
+                        texture.InitializeData(false, updateNewTexture);
 
                         overlap.SynchronizeMemory();
                         overlap.CreateCopyDependency(texture, oInfo.FirstLayer, oInfo.FirstLevel, true);

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Memory/MemoryManager.cs

@@ -329,49 +329,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
             }
         }
 
-        /// <summary>
-        /// Writes data to GPU mapped memory, stopping at the first unmapped page at the memory region, if any.
-        /// </summary>
-        /// <param name="va">GPU virtual address to write the data into</param>
-        /// <param name="data">The data to be written</param>
-        public void WriteMapped(ulong va, ReadOnlySpan<byte> data)
-        {
-            if (IsContiguous(va, data.Length))
-            {
-                Physical.Write(Translate(va), data);
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                int offset = 0, size;
-
-                if ((va & PageMask) != 0)
-                {
-                    ulong pa = Translate(va);
-
-                    size = Math.Min(data.Length, (int)PageSize - (int)(va & PageMask));
-
-                    if (pa != PteUnmapped && Physical.IsMapped(pa))
-                    {
-                        Physical.Write(pa, data[..size]);
-                    }
-
-                    offset += size;
-                }
-
-                for (; offset < data.Length; offset += size)
-                {
-                    ulong pa = Translate(va + (ulong)offset);
-
-                    size = Math.Min(data.Length - offset, (int)PageSize);
-
-                    if (pa != PteUnmapped && Physical.IsMapped(pa))
-                    {
-                        Physical.Write(pa, data.Slice(offset, size));
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
         /// <summary>
         /// Runs remap actions that are added to an unmap event.
         /// These must run after the mapping completes.

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Memory/PhysicalMemory.cs

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 using Ryujinx.Cpu;
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.Device;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Image;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader;
 using Ryujinx.Memory;
@@ -82,6 +83,15 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
             }
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Creates a new device memory manager.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <returns>The memory manager</returns>
+        public DeviceMemoryManager CreateDeviceMemoryManager()
+        {
+            return new DeviceMemoryManager(_cpuMemory);
+        }
+
         /// <summary>
         /// Gets a host pointer for a given range of application memory.
         /// If the memory region is not a single contiguous block, this method returns 0.

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Synchronization/SynchronizationManager.cs

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 using Ryujinx.Common.Logging;
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.Device;
 using System;
 using System.Threading;
 
@@ -7,7 +8,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Synchronization
     /// <summary>
     /// GPU synchronization manager.
     /// </summary>
-    public class SynchronizationManager
+    public class SynchronizationManager : ISynchronizationManager
     {
         /// <summary>
         /// The maximum number of syncpoints supported by the GM20B.
@@ -29,12 +30,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Synchronization
             }
         }
 
-        /// <summary>
-        /// Increment the value of a syncpoint with a given id.
-        /// </summary>
-        /// <param name="id">The id of the syncpoint</param>
-        /// <exception cref="System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException">Thrown when id >= MaxHardwareSyncpoints</exception>
-        /// <returns>The incremented value of the syncpoint</returns>
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
         public uint IncrementSyncpoint(uint id)
         {
             ArgumentOutOfRangeException.ThrowIfGreaterThanOrEqual(id, (uint)MaxHardwareSyncpoints);
@@ -42,12 +38,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Synchronization
             return _syncpoints[id].Increment();
         }
 
-        /// <summary>
-        /// Get the value of a syncpoint with a given id.
-        /// </summary>
-        /// <param name="id">The id of the syncpoint</param>
-        /// <exception cref="System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException">Thrown when id >= MaxHardwareSyncpoints</exception>
-        /// <returns>The value of the syncpoint</returns>
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
         public uint GetSyncpointValue(uint id)
         {
             ArgumentOutOfRangeException.ThrowIfGreaterThanOrEqual(id, (uint)MaxHardwareSyncpoints);
@@ -84,15 +75,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Synchronization
             _syncpoints[id].UnregisterCallback(waiterInformation);
         }
 
-        /// <summary>
-        /// Wait on a syncpoint with a given id at a target threshold.
-        /// The callback will be called once the threshold is reached and will automatically be unregistered.
-        /// </summary>
-        /// <param name="id">The id of the syncpoint</param>
-        /// <param name="threshold">The target threshold</param>
-        /// <param name="timeout">The timeout</param>
-        /// <exception cref="System.ArgumentOutOfRangeException">Thrown when id >= MaxHardwareSyncpoints</exception>
-        /// <returns>True if timed out</returns>
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
         public bool WaitOnSyncpoint(uint id, uint threshold, TimeSpan timeout)
         {
             ArgumentOutOfRangeException.ThrowIfGreaterThanOrEqual(id, (uint)MaxHardwareSyncpoints);

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Host1x/Host1xClass.cs

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.Device;
-using Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Synchronization;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Threading;
 
@@ -7,10 +6,10 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Host1x
 {
     public class Host1xClass : IDeviceState
     {
-        private readonly SynchronizationManager _syncMgr;
+        private readonly ISynchronizationManager _syncMgr;
         private readonly DeviceState<Host1xClassRegisters> _state;
 
-        public Host1xClass(SynchronizationManager syncMgr)
+        public Host1xClass(ISynchronizationManager syncMgr)
         {
             _syncMgr = syncMgr;
             _state = new DeviceState<Host1xClassRegisters>(new Dictionary<string, RwCallback>

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Host1x/Host1xDevice.cs

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 using Ryujinx.Common;
 using Ryujinx.Common.Logging;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.Device;
-using Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Synchronization;
 using System;
 using System.Numerics;
 
@@ -35,7 +34,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Host1x
         private int _mask;
         private bool _incrementing;
 
-        public Host1xDevice(SynchronizationManager syncMgr)
+        public Host1xDevice(ISynchronizationManager syncMgr)
         {
             _syncptIncrMgr = new SyncptIncrManager(syncMgr);
             _commandQueue = new AsyncWorkQueue<Command>(Process, "Ryujinx.Host1xProcessor");

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Host1x/Ryujinx.Graphics.Host1x.csproj

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@
 
   <ItemGroup>
     <ProjectReference Include="..\Ryujinx.Graphics.Device\Ryujinx.Graphics.Device.csproj" />
-    <ProjectReference Include="..\Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu\Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.csproj" />
   </ItemGroup>
 
 </Project>

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Host1x/SyncptIncrManager.cs

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
-using Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Synchronization;
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.Device;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Host1x
 {
     class SyncptIncrManager
     {
-        private readonly SynchronizationManager _syncMgr;
+        private readonly ISynchronizationManager _syncMgr;
 
         private readonly struct SyncptIncr
         {
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Host1x
 
         private uint _currentId;
 
-        public SyncptIncrManager(SynchronizationManager syncMgr)
+        public SyncptIncrManager(ISynchronizationManager syncMgr)
         {
             _syncMgr = syncMgr;
         }

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec/H264Decoder.cs

@@ -12,10 +12,10 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec
 
         public static void Decode(NvdecDecoderContext context, ResourceManager rm, ref NvdecRegisters state)
         {
-            PictureInfo pictureInfo = rm.Gmm.DeviceRead<PictureInfo>(state.SetDrvPicSetupOffset);
+            PictureInfo pictureInfo = rm.MemoryManager.DeviceRead<PictureInfo>(state.SetDrvPicSetupOffset);
             H264PictureInfo info = pictureInfo.Convert();
 
-            ReadOnlySpan<byte> bitstream = rm.Gmm.DeviceGetSpan(state.SetInBufBaseOffset, (int)pictureInfo.BitstreamSize);
+            ReadOnlySpan<byte> bitstream = rm.MemoryManager.DeviceGetSpan(state.SetInBufBaseOffset, (int)pictureInfo.BitstreamSize);
 
             int width = (int)pictureInfo.PicWidthInMbs * MbSizeInPixels;
             int height = (int)pictureInfo.PicHeightInMbs * MbSizeInPixels;
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec
                 if (outputSurface.Field == FrameField.Progressive)
                 {
                     SurfaceWriter.Write(
-                        rm.Gmm,
+                        rm.MemoryManager,
                         outputSurface,
                         lumaOffset + pictureInfo.LumaFrameOffset,
                         chromaOffset + pictureInfo.ChromaFrameOffset);
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec
                 else
                 {
                     SurfaceWriter.WriteInterlaced(
-                        rm.Gmm,
+                        rm.MemoryManager,
                         outputSurface,
                         lumaOffset + pictureInfo.LumaTopFieldOffset,
                         chromaOffset + pictureInfo.ChromaTopFieldOffset,

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec/Image/SurfaceCache.cs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-using Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory;
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.Device;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.Video;
 using System;
 using System.Diagnostics;
@@ -27,11 +27,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec.Image
 
         private readonly CacheItem[] _pool = new CacheItem[MaxItems];
 
-        private readonly MemoryManager _gmm;
+        private readonly DeviceMemoryManager _mm;
 
-        public SurfaceCache(MemoryManager gmm)
+        public SurfaceCache(DeviceMemoryManager mm)
         {
-            _gmm = gmm;
+            _mm = mm;
         }
 
         public ISurface Get(IDecoder decoder, uint lumaOffset, uint chromaOffset, int width, int height)
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec.Image
 
                             if ((lumaOffset | chromaOffset) != 0)
                             {
-                                SurfaceReader.Read(_gmm, surface, lumaOffset, chromaOffset);
+                                SurfaceReader.Read(_mm, surface, lumaOffset, chromaOffset);
                             }
 
                             MoveToFront(i);
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec.Image
 
                         if ((lumaOffset | chromaOffset) != 0)
                         {
-                            SurfaceReader.Read(_gmm, surface, lumaOffset, chromaOffset);
+                            SurfaceReader.Read(_mm, surface, lumaOffset, chromaOffset);
                         }
 
                         MoveToFront(MaxItems - 1);

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec/Image/SurfaceReader.cs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 using Ryujinx.Common;
-using Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory;
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.Device;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.Video;
 using System;
@@ -11,13 +11,13 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec.Image
 {
     static class SurfaceReader
     {
-        public static void Read(MemoryManager gmm, ISurface surface, uint lumaOffset, uint chromaOffset)
+        public static void Read(DeviceMemoryManager mm, ISurface surface, uint lumaOffset, uint chromaOffset)
         {
             int width = surface.Width;
             int height = surface.Height;
             int stride = surface.Stride;
 
-            ReadOnlySpan<byte> luma = gmm.DeviceGetSpan(lumaOffset, GetBlockLinearSize(width, height, 1));
+            ReadOnlySpan<byte> luma = mm.DeviceGetSpan(lumaOffset, GetBlockLinearSize(width, height, 1));
 
             ReadLuma(surface.YPlane.AsSpan(), luma, stride, width, height);
 
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec.Image
             int uvHeight = surface.UvHeight;
             int uvStride = surface.UvStride;
 
-            ReadOnlySpan<byte> chroma = gmm.DeviceGetSpan(chromaOffset, GetBlockLinearSize(uvWidth, uvHeight, 2));
+            ReadOnlySpan<byte> chroma = mm.DeviceGetSpan(chromaOffset, GetBlockLinearSize(uvWidth, uvHeight, 2));
 
             ReadChroma(surface.UPlane.AsSpan(), surface.VPlane.AsSpan(), chroma, uvStride, uvWidth, uvHeight);
         }

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec/Image/SurfaceWriter.cs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 using Ryujinx.Common;
-using Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory;
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.Device;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.Video;
 using System;
@@ -12,11 +12,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec.Image
 {
     static class SurfaceWriter
     {
-        public static void Write(MemoryManager gmm, ISurface surface, uint lumaOffset, uint chromaOffset)
+        public static void Write(DeviceMemoryManager mm, ISurface surface, uint lumaOffset, uint chromaOffset)
         {
             int lumaSize = GetBlockLinearSize(surface.Width, surface.Height, 1);
 
-            using var luma = gmm.GetWritableRegion(ExtendOffset(lumaOffset), lumaSize);
+            using var luma = mm.GetWritableRegion(ExtendOffset(lumaOffset), lumaSize);
 
             WriteLuma(
                 luma.Memory.Span,
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec.Image
 
             int chromaSize = GetBlockLinearSize(surface.UvWidth, surface.UvHeight, 2);
 
-            using var chroma = gmm.GetWritableRegion(ExtendOffset(chromaOffset), chromaSize);
+            using var chroma = mm.GetWritableRegion(ExtendOffset(chromaOffset), chromaSize);
 
             WriteChroma(
                 chroma.Memory.Span,
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec.Image
         }
 
         public static void WriteInterlaced(
-            MemoryManager gmm,
+            DeviceMemoryManager mm,
             ISurface surface,
             uint lumaTopOffset,
             uint chromaTopOffset,
@@ -48,8 +48,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec.Image
         {
             int lumaSize = GetBlockLinearSize(surface.Width, surface.Height / 2, 1);
 
-            using var lumaTop = gmm.GetWritableRegion(ExtendOffset(lumaTopOffset), lumaSize);
-            using var lumaBottom = gmm.GetWritableRegion(ExtendOffset(lumaBottomOffset), lumaSize);
+            using var lumaTop = mm.GetWritableRegion(ExtendOffset(lumaTopOffset), lumaSize);
+            using var lumaBottom = mm.GetWritableRegion(ExtendOffset(lumaBottomOffset), lumaSize);
 
             WriteLuma(
                 lumaTop.Memory.Span,
@@ -67,8 +67,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec.Image
 
             int chromaSize = GetBlockLinearSize(surface.UvWidth, surface.UvHeight / 2, 2);
 
-            using var chromaTop = gmm.GetWritableRegion(ExtendOffset(chromaTopOffset), chromaSize);
-            using var chromaBottom = gmm.GetWritableRegion(ExtendOffset(chromaBottomOffset), chromaSize);
+            using var chromaTop = mm.GetWritableRegion(ExtendOffset(chromaTopOffset), chromaSize);
+            using var chromaBottom = mm.GetWritableRegion(ExtendOffset(chromaBottomOffset), chromaSize);
 
             WriteChroma(
                 chromaTop.Memory.Span,

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec/MemoryExtensions.cs

@@ -1,23 +1,23 @@
-using Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory;
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.Device;
 using System;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec
 {
     static class MemoryExtensions
     {
-        public static T DeviceRead<T>(this MemoryManager gmm, uint offset) where T : unmanaged
+        public static T DeviceRead<T>(this DeviceMemoryManager gmm, uint offset) where T : unmanaged
         {
-            return gmm.Read<T>((ulong)offset << 8);
+            return gmm.Read<T>(ExtendOffset(offset));
         }
 
-        public static ReadOnlySpan<byte> DeviceGetSpan(this MemoryManager gmm, uint offset, int size)
+        public static ReadOnlySpan<byte> DeviceGetSpan(this DeviceMemoryManager gmm, uint offset, int size)
         {
-            return gmm.GetSpan((ulong)offset << 8, size);
+            return gmm.GetSpan(ExtendOffset(offset), size);
         }
 
-        public static void DeviceWrite(this MemoryManager gmm, uint offset, ReadOnlySpan<byte> data)
+        public static void DeviceWrite(this DeviceMemoryManager gmm, uint offset, ReadOnlySpan<byte> data)
         {
-            gmm.Write((ulong)offset << 8, data);
+            gmm.Write(ExtendOffset(offset), data);
         }
 
         public static ulong ExtendOffset(uint offset)

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec/NvdecDevice.cs

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 using Ryujinx.Common.Logging;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.Device;
-using Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec.Image;
 using System.Collections.Concurrent;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
@@ -17,9 +16,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec
         private readonly ConcurrentDictionary<long, NvdecDecoderContext> _contexts;
         private NvdecDecoderContext _currentContext;
 
-        public NvdecDevice(MemoryManager gmm)
+        public NvdecDevice(DeviceMemoryManager mm)
         {
-            _rm = new ResourceManager(gmm, new SurfaceCache(gmm));
+            _rm = new ResourceManager(mm, new SurfaceCache(mm));
             _state = new DeviceState<NvdecRegisters>(new Dictionary<string, RwCallback>
             {
                 { nameof(NvdecRegisters.Execute), new RwCallback(Execute, null) },

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec/ResourceManager.cs

@@ -1,16 +1,16 @@
-using Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory;
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.Device;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec.Image;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec
 {
     readonly struct ResourceManager
     {
-        public MemoryManager Gmm { get; }
+        public DeviceMemoryManager MemoryManager { get; }
         public SurfaceCache Cache { get; }
 
-        public ResourceManager(MemoryManager gmm, SurfaceCache cache)
+        public ResourceManager(DeviceMemoryManager mm, SurfaceCache cache)
         {
-            Gmm = gmm;
+            MemoryManager = mm;
             Cache = cache;
         }
     }

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec/Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec.csproj

@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@
   <ItemGroup>
     <ProjectReference Include="..\Ryujinx.Common\Ryujinx.Common.csproj" />
     <ProjectReference Include="..\Ryujinx.Graphics.Device\Ryujinx.Graphics.Device.csproj" />
-    <ProjectReference Include="..\Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu\Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.csproj" />
     <ProjectReference Include="..\Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec.FFmpeg\Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec.FFmpeg.csproj" />
     <ProjectReference Include="..\Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec.Vp9\Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec.Vp9.csproj" />
     <ProjectReference Include="..\Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture\Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture.csproj" />

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec/Vp8Decoder.cs

@@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec
     {
         public static void Decode(NvdecDecoderContext context, ResourceManager rm, ref NvdecRegisters state)
         {
-            PictureInfo pictureInfo = rm.Gmm.DeviceRead<PictureInfo>(state.SetDrvPicSetupOffset);
-            ReadOnlySpan<byte> bitstream = rm.Gmm.DeviceGetSpan(state.SetInBufBaseOffset, (int)pictureInfo.VLDBufferSize);
+            PictureInfo pictureInfo = rm.MemoryManager.DeviceRead<PictureInfo>(state.SetDrvPicSetupOffset);
+            ReadOnlySpan<byte> bitstream = rm.MemoryManager.DeviceGetSpan(state.SetInBufBaseOffset, (int)pictureInfo.VLDBufferSize);
 
             Decoder decoder = context.GetVp8Decoder();
 
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec
 
             if (decoder.Decode(ref info, outputSurface, bitstream))
             {
-                SurfaceWriter.Write(rm.Gmm, outputSurface, lumaOffset, chromaOffset);
+                SurfaceWriter.Write(rm.MemoryManager, outputSurface, lumaOffset, chromaOffset);
             }
 
             rm.Cache.Put(outputSurface);

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec/Vp9Decoder.cs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 using Ryujinx.Common;
-using Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory;
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.Device;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec.Image;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec.Types.Vp9;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec.Vp9;
@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec
 
         public unsafe static void Decode(ResourceManager rm, ref NvdecRegisters state)
         {
-            PictureInfo pictureInfo = rm.Gmm.DeviceRead<PictureInfo>(state.SetDrvPicSetupOffset);
-            EntropyProbs entropy = rm.Gmm.DeviceRead<EntropyProbs>(state.Vp9SetProbTabBufOffset);
+            PictureInfo pictureInfo = rm.MemoryManager.DeviceRead<PictureInfo>(state.SetDrvPicSetupOffset);
+            EntropyProbs entropy = rm.MemoryManager.DeviceRead<EntropyProbs>(state.Vp9SetProbTabBufOffset);
 
             ISurface Rent(uint lumaOffset, uint chromaOffset, FrameSize size)
             {
@@ -38,19 +38,19 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec
 
             entropy.Convert(ref info.Entropy);
 
-            ReadOnlySpan<byte> bitstream = rm.Gmm.DeviceGetSpan(state.SetInBufBaseOffset, (int)pictureInfo.BitstreamSize);
+            ReadOnlySpan<byte> bitstream = rm.MemoryManager.DeviceGetSpan(state.SetInBufBaseOffset, (int)pictureInfo.BitstreamSize);
 
             ReadOnlySpan<Vp9MvRef> mvsIn = ReadOnlySpan<Vp9MvRef>.Empty;
 
             if (info.UsePrevInFindMvRefs)
             {
-                mvsIn = GetMvsInput(rm.Gmm, pictureInfo.CurrentFrameSize, state.Vp9SetColMvReadBufOffset);
+                mvsIn = GetMvsInput(rm.MemoryManager, pictureInfo.CurrentFrameSize, state.Vp9SetColMvReadBufOffset);
             }
 
             int miCols = BitUtils.DivRoundUp(pictureInfo.CurrentFrameSize.Width, 8);
             int miRows = BitUtils.DivRoundUp(pictureInfo.CurrentFrameSize.Height, 8);
 
-            using var mvsRegion = rm.Gmm.GetWritableRegion(ExtendOffset(state.Vp9SetColMvWriteBufOffset), miRows * miCols * 16);
+            using var mvsRegion = rm.MemoryManager.GetWritableRegion(ExtendOffset(state.Vp9SetColMvWriteBufOffset), miRows * miCols * 16);
 
             Span<Vp9MvRef> mvsOut = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, Vp9MvRef>(mvsRegion.Memory.Span);
 
@@ -59,10 +59,10 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec
 
             if (_decoder.Decode(ref info, currentSurface, bitstream, mvsIn, mvsOut))
             {
-                SurfaceWriter.Write(rm.Gmm, currentSurface, lumaOffset, chromaOffset);
+                SurfaceWriter.Write(rm.MemoryManager, currentSurface, lumaOffset, chromaOffset);
             }
 
-            WriteBackwardUpdates(rm.Gmm, state.Vp9SetCtxCounterBufOffset, ref info.BackwardUpdateCounts);
+            WriteBackwardUpdates(rm.MemoryManager, state.Vp9SetCtxCounterBufOffset, ref info.BackwardUpdateCounts);
 
             rm.Cache.Put(lastSurface);
             rm.Cache.Put(goldenSurface);
@@ -70,17 +70,17 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec
             rm.Cache.Put(currentSurface);
         }
 
-        private static ReadOnlySpan<Vp9MvRef> GetMvsInput(MemoryManager gmm, FrameSize size, uint offset)
+        private static ReadOnlySpan<Vp9MvRef> GetMvsInput(DeviceMemoryManager mm, FrameSize size, uint offset)
         {
             int miCols = BitUtils.DivRoundUp(size.Width, 8);
             int miRows = BitUtils.DivRoundUp(size.Height, 8);
 
-            return MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, Vp9MvRef>(gmm.DeviceGetSpan(offset, miRows * miCols * 16));
+            return MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, Vp9MvRef>(mm.DeviceGetSpan(offset, miRows * miCols * 16));
         }
 
-        private static void WriteBackwardUpdates(MemoryManager gmm, uint offset, ref Vp9BackwardUpdates counts)
+        private static void WriteBackwardUpdates(DeviceMemoryManager mm, uint offset, ref Vp9BackwardUpdates counts)
         {
-            using var backwardUpdatesRegion = gmm.GetWritableRegion(ExtendOffset(offset), Unsafe.SizeOf<BackwardUpdates>());
+            using var backwardUpdatesRegion = mm.GetWritableRegion(ExtendOffset(offset), Unsafe.SizeOf<BackwardUpdates>());
 
             ref var backwardUpdates = ref MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, BackwardUpdates>(backwardUpdatesRegion.Memory.Span)[0];
 

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vic/Image/SurfaceReader.cs

@@ -454,7 +454,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vic.Image
             int srcStride = GetPitch(width, bytesPerPixel);
             int inSize = srcStride * height;
 
-            ReadOnlySpan<byte> src = rm.Gmm.GetSpan(ExtendOffset(offset), inSize);
+            ReadOnlySpan<byte> src = rm.MemoryManager.GetSpan(ExtendOffset(offset), inSize);
 
             int outSize = dstStride * height;
             int bufferIndex = rm.BufferPool.RentMinimum(outSize, out byte[] buffer);
@@ -481,7 +481,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vic.Image
         {
             int inSize = GetBlockLinearSize(width, height, bytesPerPixel, gobBlocksInY);
 
-            ReadOnlySpan<byte> src = rm.Gmm.GetSpan(ExtendOffset(offset), inSize);
+            ReadOnlySpan<byte> src = rm.MemoryManager.GetSpan(ExtendOffset(offset), inSize);
 
             int outSize = dstStride * height;
             int bufferIndex = rm.BufferPool.RentMinimum(outSize, out byte[] buffer);

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vic/Image/SurfaceWriter.cs

@@ -636,7 +636,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vic.Image
         {
             if (linear)
             {
-                rm.Gmm.WriteMapped(ExtendOffset(offset), src);
+                rm.MemoryManager.Write(ExtendOffset(offset), src);
                 return;
             }
 
@@ -659,7 +659,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vic.Image
 
             LayoutConverter.ConvertLinearToBlockLinear(dst, width, height, dstStride, bytesPerPixel, gobBlocksInY, src);
 
-            rm.Gmm.WriteMapped(ExtendOffset(offset), dst);
+            rm.MemoryManager.Write(ExtendOffset(offset), dst);
 
             rm.BufferPool.Return(dstIndex);
         }

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vic/ResourceManager.cs

@@ -1,17 +1,17 @@
-using Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory;
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.Device;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.Vic.Image;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vic
 {
     readonly struct ResourceManager
     {
-        public MemoryManager Gmm { get; }
+        public DeviceMemoryManager MemoryManager { get; }
         public BufferPool<Pixel> SurfacePool { get; }
         public BufferPool<byte> BufferPool { get; }
 
-        public ResourceManager(MemoryManager gmm, BufferPool<Pixel> surfacePool, BufferPool<byte> bufferPool)
+        public ResourceManager(DeviceMemoryManager mm, BufferPool<Pixel> surfacePool, BufferPool<byte> bufferPool)
         {
-            Gmm = gmm;
+            MemoryManager = mm;
             SurfacePool = surfacePool;
             BufferPool = bufferPool;
         }

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vic/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vic.csproj

@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@
   <ItemGroup>
     <ProjectReference Include="..\Ryujinx.Common\Ryujinx.Common.csproj" />
     <ProjectReference Include="..\Ryujinx.Graphics.Device\Ryujinx.Graphics.Device.csproj" />
-    <ProjectReference Include="..\Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu\Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.csproj" />
     <ProjectReference Include="..\Ryujinx.Graphics.Host1x\Ryujinx.Graphics.Host1x.csproj" />
     <ProjectReference Include="..\Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture\Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture.csproj" />
   </ItemGroup>

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vic/VicDevice.cs

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.Device;
-using Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.Vic.Image;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.Vic.Types;
 using System;
@@ -9,14 +8,14 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vic
 {
     public class VicDevice : IDeviceState
     {
-        private readonly MemoryManager _gmm;
+        private readonly DeviceMemoryManager _mm;
         private readonly ResourceManager _rm;
         private readonly DeviceState<VicRegisters> _state;
 
-        public VicDevice(MemoryManager gmm)
+        public VicDevice(DeviceMemoryManager mm)
         {
-            _gmm = gmm;
-            _rm = new ResourceManager(gmm, new BufferPool<Pixel>(), new BufferPool<byte>());
+            _mm = mm;
+            _rm = new ResourceManager(mm, new BufferPool<Pixel>(), new BufferPool<byte>());
             _state = new DeviceState<VicRegisters>(new Dictionary<string, RwCallback>
             {
                 { nameof(VicRegisters.Execute), new RwCallback(Execute, null) },
@@ -68,7 +67,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vic
 
         private T ReadIndirect<T>(uint offset) where T : unmanaged
         {
-            return _gmm.Read<T>((ulong)offset << 8);
+            return _mm.Read<T>((ulong)offset << 8);
         }
     }
 }

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/BufferHolder.cs

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ using Silk.NET.Vulkan;
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
+using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
 using System.Threading;
 using VkBuffer = Silk.NET.Vulkan.Buffer;
 using VkFormat = Silk.NET.Vulkan.Format;
@@ -384,7 +385,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             var baseData = new Span<byte>((void*)(_map + offset), size);
             var modData = _pendingData.AsSpan(offset, size);
 
-            StagingBufferReserved? newMirror = _gd.BufferManager.StagingBuffer.TryReserveData(cbs, size, (int)_gd.Capabilities.MinResourceAlignment);
+            StagingBufferReserved? newMirror = _gd.BufferManager.StagingBuffer.TryReserveData(cbs, size);
 
             if (newMirror != null)
             {
@@ -838,6 +839,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             }
         }
 
+        public unsafe void SetDataUnchecked<T>(int offset, ReadOnlySpan<T> data) where T : unmanaged
+        {
+            SetDataUnchecked(offset, MemoryMarshal.AsBytes(data));
+        }
+
         public void SetDataInline(CommandBufferScoped cbs, Action endRenderPass, int dstOffset, ReadOnlySpan<byte> data)
         {
             if (!TryPushData(cbs, endRenderPass, dstOffset, data))

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/BufferManager.cs

@@ -9,6 +9,36 @@ using VkFormat = Silk.NET.Vulkan.Format;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 {
+    readonly struct ScopedTemporaryBuffer : IDisposable
+    {
+        private readonly BufferManager _bufferManager;
+        private readonly bool _isReserved;
+
+        public readonly BufferRange Range;
+        public readonly BufferHolder Holder;
+
+        public BufferHandle Handle => Range.Handle;
+        public int Offset => Range.Offset;
+
+        public ScopedTemporaryBuffer(BufferManager bufferManager, BufferHolder holder, BufferHandle handle, int offset, int size, bool isReserved)
+        {
+            _bufferManager = bufferManager;
+
+            Range = new BufferRange(handle, offset, size);
+            Holder = holder;
+
+            _isReserved = isReserved;
+        }
+
+        public void Dispose()
+        {
+            if (!_isReserved)
+            {
+                _bufferManager.Delete(Range.Handle);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     class BufferManager : IDisposable
     {
         public const MemoryPropertyFlags DefaultBufferMemoryFlags =
@@ -238,6 +268,23 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             return Unsafe.As<ulong, BufferHandle>(ref handle64);
         }
 
+        public ScopedTemporaryBuffer ReserveOrCreate(VulkanRenderer gd, CommandBufferScoped cbs, int size)
+        {
+            StagingBufferReserved? result = StagingBuffer.TryReserveData(cbs, size);
+
+            if (result.HasValue)
+            {
+                return new ScopedTemporaryBuffer(this, result.Value.Buffer, StagingBuffer.Handle, result.Value.Offset, result.Value.Size, true);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                // Create a temporary buffer.
+                BufferHandle handle = CreateWithHandle(gd, size, out BufferHolder holder);
+
+                return new ScopedTemporaryBuffer(this, holder, handle, 0, size, false);
+            }
+        }
+
         public unsafe MemoryRequirements GetHostImportedUsageRequirements(VulkanRenderer gd)
         {
             var usage = HostImportedBufferUsageFlags;
@@ -635,13 +682,14 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
         {
             if (disposing)
             {
+                StagingBuffer.Dispose();
+
                 foreach (BufferHolder buffer in _buffers)
                 {
                     buffer.Dispose();
                 }
 
                 _buffers.Clear();
-                StagingBuffer.Dispose();
             }
         }
 

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/Effects/FsrScalingFilter.cs

@@ -142,19 +142,18 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan.Effects
             };
 
             int rangeSize = dimensionsBuffer.Length * sizeof(float);
-            var bufferHandle = _renderer.BufferManager.CreateWithHandle(_renderer, rangeSize);
-            _renderer.BufferManager.SetData(bufferHandle, 0, dimensionsBuffer);
+            using var buffer = _renderer.BufferManager.ReserveOrCreate(_renderer, cbs, rangeSize);
+            buffer.Holder.SetDataUnchecked(buffer.Offset, dimensionsBuffer);
 
-            ReadOnlySpan<float> sharpeningBuffer = stackalloc float[] { 1.5f - (Level * 0.01f * 1.5f) };
-            var sharpeningBufferHandle = _renderer.BufferManager.CreateWithHandle(_renderer, sizeof(float));
-            _renderer.BufferManager.SetData(sharpeningBufferHandle, 0, sharpeningBuffer);
+            ReadOnlySpan<float> sharpeningBufferData = stackalloc float[] { 1.5f - (Level * 0.01f * 1.5f) };
+            using var sharpeningBuffer = _renderer.BufferManager.ReserveOrCreate(_renderer, cbs, sizeof(float));
+            sharpeningBuffer.Holder.SetDataUnchecked(sharpeningBuffer.Offset, sharpeningBufferData);
 
             int threadGroupWorkRegionDim = 16;
             int dispatchX = (width + (threadGroupWorkRegionDim - 1)) / threadGroupWorkRegionDim;
             int dispatchY = (height + (threadGroupWorkRegionDim - 1)) / threadGroupWorkRegionDim;
 
-            var bufferRanges = new BufferRange(bufferHandle, 0, rangeSize);
-            _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(stackalloc[] { new BufferAssignment(2, bufferRanges) });
+            _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(stackalloc[] { new BufferAssignment(2, buffer.Range) });
             _pipeline.SetImage(0, _intermediaryTexture, FormatTable.ConvertRgba8SrgbToUnorm(view.Info.Format));
             _pipeline.DispatchCompute(dispatchX, dispatchY, 1);
             _pipeline.ComputeBarrier();
@@ -162,16 +161,12 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan.Effects
             // Sharpening pass
             _pipeline.SetProgram(_sharpeningProgram);
             _pipeline.SetTextureAndSampler(ShaderStage.Compute, 1, _intermediaryTexture, _sampler);
-            var sharpeningRange = new BufferRange(sharpeningBufferHandle, 0, sizeof(float));
-            _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(stackalloc[] { new BufferAssignment(4, sharpeningRange) });
+            _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(stackalloc[] { new BufferAssignment(4, sharpeningBuffer.Range) });
             _pipeline.SetImage(0, destinationTexture);
             _pipeline.DispatchCompute(dispatchX, dispatchY, 1);
             _pipeline.ComputeBarrier();
 
             _pipeline.Finish();
-
-            _renderer.BufferManager.Delete(bufferHandle);
-            _renderer.BufferManager.Delete(sharpeningBufferHandle);
         }
     }
 }

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/Effects/FxaaPostProcessingEffect.cs

@@ -66,12 +66,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan.Effects
 
             ReadOnlySpan<float> resolutionBuffer = stackalloc float[] { view.Width, view.Height };
             int rangeSize = resolutionBuffer.Length * sizeof(float);
-            var bufferHandle = _renderer.BufferManager.CreateWithHandle(_renderer, rangeSize);
+            using var buffer = _renderer.BufferManager.ReserveOrCreate(_renderer, cbs, rangeSize);
 
-            _renderer.BufferManager.SetData(bufferHandle, 0, resolutionBuffer);
+            buffer.Holder.SetDataUnchecked(buffer.Offset, resolutionBuffer);
 
-            var bufferRanges = new BufferRange(bufferHandle, 0, rangeSize);
-            _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(stackalloc[] { new BufferAssignment(2, bufferRanges) });
+            _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(stackalloc[] { new BufferAssignment(2, buffer.Range) });
 
             var dispatchX = BitUtils.DivRoundUp(view.Width, IPostProcessingEffect.LocalGroupSize);
             var dispatchY = BitUtils.DivRoundUp(view.Height, IPostProcessingEffect.LocalGroupSize);
@@ -79,7 +78,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan.Effects
             _pipeline.SetImage(0, _texture, FormatTable.ConvertRgba8SrgbToUnorm(view.Info.Format));
             _pipeline.DispatchCompute(dispatchX, dispatchY, 1);
 
-            _renderer.BufferManager.Delete(bufferHandle);
             _pipeline.ComputeBarrier();
 
             _pipeline.Finish();

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/Effects/SmaaPostProcessingEffect.cs

@@ -215,11 +215,10 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan.Effects
 
             ReadOnlySpan<float> resolutionBuffer = stackalloc float[] { view.Width, view.Height };
             int rangeSize = resolutionBuffer.Length * sizeof(float);
-            var bufferHandle = _renderer.BufferManager.CreateWithHandle(_renderer, rangeSize);
+            using var buffer = _renderer.BufferManager.ReserveOrCreate(_renderer, cbs, rangeSize);
 
-            _renderer.BufferManager.SetData(bufferHandle, 0, resolutionBuffer);
-            var bufferRanges = new BufferRange(bufferHandle, 0, rangeSize);
-            _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(stackalloc[] { new BufferAssignment(2, bufferRanges) });
+            buffer.Holder.SetDataUnchecked(buffer.Offset, resolutionBuffer);
+            _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(stackalloc[] { new BufferAssignment(2, buffer.Range) });
             _pipeline.SetImage(0, _edgeOutputTexture, FormatTable.ConvertRgba8SrgbToUnorm(view.Info.Format));
             _pipeline.DispatchCompute(dispatchX, dispatchY, 1);
             _pipeline.ComputeBarrier();
@@ -245,8 +244,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan.Effects
 
             _pipeline.Finish();
 
-            _renderer.BufferManager.Delete(bufferHandle);
-
             return _outputTexture;
         }
 

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/HelperShader.cs

@@ -430,11 +430,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 (region[2], region[3]) = (region[3], region[2]);
             }
 
-            var bufferHandle = gd.BufferManager.CreateWithHandle(gd, RegionBufferSize);
+            using var buffer = gd.BufferManager.ReserveOrCreate(gd, cbs, RegionBufferSize);
 
-            gd.BufferManager.SetData<float>(bufferHandle, 0, region);
+            buffer.Holder.SetDataUnchecked<float>(buffer.Offset, region);
 
-            _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(stackalloc[] { new BufferAssignment(1, new BufferRange(bufferHandle, 0, RegionBufferSize)) });
+            _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(stackalloc[] { new BufferAssignment(1, buffer.Range) });
 
             Span<Viewport> viewports = stackalloc Viewport[1];
 
@@ -490,8 +490,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             }
 
             _pipeline.Finish(gd, cbs);
-
-            gd.BufferManager.Delete(bufferHandle);
         }
 
         private void BlitDepthStencil(
@@ -527,11 +525,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 (region[2], region[3]) = (region[3], region[2]);
             }
 
-            var bufferHandle = gd.BufferManager.CreateWithHandle(gd, RegionBufferSize);
+            using var buffer = gd.BufferManager.ReserveOrCreate(gd, cbs, RegionBufferSize);
 
-            gd.BufferManager.SetData<float>(bufferHandle, 0, region);
+            buffer.Holder.SetDataUnchecked<float>(buffer.Offset, region);
 
-            _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(stackalloc[] { new BufferAssignment(1, new BufferRange(bufferHandle, 0, RegionBufferSize)) });
+            _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(stackalloc[] { new BufferAssignment(1, buffer.Range) });
 
             Span<Viewport> viewports = stackalloc Viewport[1];
 
@@ -582,8 +580,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             }
 
             _pipeline.Finish(gd, cbs);
-
-            gd.BufferManager.Delete(bufferHandle);
         }
 
         private static TextureView CreateDepthOrStencilView(TextureView depthStencilTexture, DepthStencilMode depthStencilMode)
@@ -681,11 +677,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 
             _pipeline.SetCommandBuffer(cbs);
 
-            var bufferHandle = gd.BufferManager.CreateWithHandle(gd, ClearColorBufferSize);
+            using var buffer = gd.BufferManager.ReserveOrCreate(gd, cbs, ClearColorBufferSize);
 
-            gd.BufferManager.SetData(bufferHandle, 0, clearColor);
+            buffer.Holder.SetDataUnchecked(buffer.Offset, clearColor);
 
-            _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(stackalloc[] { new BufferAssignment(1, new BufferRange(bufferHandle, 0, ClearColorBufferSize)) });
+            _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(stackalloc[] { new BufferAssignment(1, buffer.Range) });
 
             Span<Viewport> viewports = stackalloc Viewport[1];
 
@@ -721,8 +717,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             _pipeline.SetPrimitiveTopology(PrimitiveTopology.TriangleStrip);
             _pipeline.Draw(4, 1, 0, 0);
             _pipeline.Finish();
-
-            gd.BufferManager.Delete(bufferHandle);
         }
 
         public void Clear(
@@ -745,11 +739,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 
             _pipeline.SetCommandBuffer(cbs);
 
-            var bufferHandle = gd.BufferManager.CreateWithHandle(gd, ClearColorBufferSize);
+            using var buffer = gd.BufferManager.ReserveOrCreate(gd, cbs, ClearColorBufferSize);
 
-            gd.BufferManager.SetData<float>(bufferHandle, 0, stackalloc float[] { depthValue });
+            buffer.Holder.SetDataUnchecked<float>(buffer.Offset, stackalloc float[] { depthValue });
 
-            _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(stackalloc[] { new BufferAssignment(1, new BufferRange(bufferHandle, 0, ClearColorBufferSize)) });
+            _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(stackalloc[] { new BufferAssignment(1, buffer.Range) });
 
             Span<Viewport> viewports = stackalloc Viewport[1];
 
@@ -771,8 +765,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             _pipeline.SetStencilTest(CreateStencilTestDescriptor(stencilMask != 0, stencilValue, 0xff, stencilMask));
             _pipeline.Draw(4, 1, 0, 0);
             _pipeline.Finish();
-
-            gd.BufferManager.Delete(bufferHandle);
         }
 
         public void DrawTexture(
@@ -878,13 +870,13 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 shaderParams[2] = size;
                 shaderParams[3] = srcOffset;
 
-                var bufferHandle = gd.BufferManager.CreateWithHandle(gd, ParamsBufferSize);
+                using var buffer = gd.BufferManager.ReserveOrCreate(gd, cbs, ParamsBufferSize);
 
-                gd.BufferManager.SetData<int>(bufferHandle, 0, shaderParams);
+                buffer.Holder.SetDataUnchecked<int>(buffer.Offset, shaderParams);
 
                 _pipeline.SetCommandBuffer(cbs);
 
-                _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(stackalloc[] { new BufferAssignment(0, new BufferRange(bufferHandle, 0, ParamsBufferSize)) });
+                _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(stackalloc[] { new BufferAssignment(0, buffer.Range) });
 
                 Span<Auto<DisposableBuffer>> sbRanges = new Auto<DisposableBuffer>[2];
 
@@ -896,8 +888,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 _pipeline.SetProgram(_programStrideChange);
                 _pipeline.DispatchCompute(1 + elems / ConvertElementsPerWorkgroup, 1, 1);
 
-                gd.BufferManager.Delete(bufferHandle);
-
                 _pipeline.Finish(gd, cbs);
             }
             else
@@ -1025,7 +1015,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
         {
             const int ParamsBufferSize = 4;
 
-            Span<int> shaderParams = stackalloc int[sizeof(int)];
+            Span<int> shaderParams = stackalloc int[ParamsBufferSize / sizeof(int)];
 
             int srcBpp = src.Info.BytesPerPixel;
             int dstBpp = dst.Info.BytesPerPixel;
@@ -1034,9 +1024,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 
             shaderParams[0] = BitOperations.Log2((uint)ratio);
 
-            var bufferHandle = gd.BufferManager.CreateWithHandle(gd, ParamsBufferSize);
+            using var buffer = gd.BufferManager.ReserveOrCreate(gd, cbs, ParamsBufferSize);
 
-            gd.BufferManager.SetData<int>(bufferHandle, 0, shaderParams);
+            buffer.Holder.SetDataUnchecked<int>(buffer.Offset, shaderParams);
 
             TextureView.InsertImageBarrier(
                 gd.Api,
@@ -1064,7 +1054,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             var srcFormat = GetFormat(componentSize, srcBpp / componentSize);
             var dstFormat = GetFormat(componentSize, dstBpp / componentSize);
 
-            _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(stackalloc[] { new BufferAssignment(0, new BufferRange(bufferHandle, 0, ParamsBufferSize)) });
+            _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(stackalloc[] { new BufferAssignment(0, buffer.Range) });
 
             for (int l = 0; l < levels; l++)
             {
@@ -1093,8 +1083,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 }
             }
 
-            gd.BufferManager.Delete(bufferHandle);
-
             _pipeline.Finish(gd, cbs);
 
             TextureView.InsertImageBarrier(
@@ -1128,9 +1116,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             (shaderParams[0], shaderParams[1]) = GetSampleCountXYLog2(samples);
             (shaderParams[2], shaderParams[3]) = GetSampleCountXYLog2((int)TextureStorage.ConvertToSampleCountFlags(gd.Capabilities.SupportedSampleCounts, (uint)samples));
 
-            var bufferHandle = gd.BufferManager.CreateWithHandle(gd, ParamsBufferSize);
+            using var buffer = gd.BufferManager.ReserveOrCreate(gd, cbs, ParamsBufferSize);
 
-            gd.BufferManager.SetData<int>(bufferHandle, 0, shaderParams);
+            buffer.Holder.SetDataUnchecked<int>(buffer.Offset, shaderParams);
 
             TextureView.InsertImageBarrier(
                 gd.Api,
@@ -1147,7 +1135,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 1);
 
             _pipeline.SetCommandBuffer(cbs);
-            _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(stackalloc[] { new BufferAssignment(0, new BufferRange(bufferHandle, 0, ParamsBufferSize)) });
+            _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(stackalloc[] { new BufferAssignment(0, buffer.Range) });
 
             if (isDepthOrStencil)
             {
@@ -1226,8 +1214,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 }
             }
 
-            gd.BufferManager.Delete(bufferHandle);
-
             _pipeline.Finish(gd, cbs);
 
             TextureView.InsertImageBarrier(
@@ -1261,9 +1247,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             (shaderParams[0], shaderParams[1]) = GetSampleCountXYLog2(samples);
             (shaderParams[2], shaderParams[3]) = GetSampleCountXYLog2((int)TextureStorage.ConvertToSampleCountFlags(gd.Capabilities.SupportedSampleCounts, (uint)samples));
 
-            var bufferHandle = gd.BufferManager.CreateWithHandle(gd, ParamsBufferSize);
+            using var buffer = gd.BufferManager.ReserveOrCreate(gd, cbs, ParamsBufferSize);
 
-            gd.BufferManager.SetData<int>(bufferHandle, 0, shaderParams);
+            buffer.Holder.SetDataUnchecked<int>(buffer.Offset, shaderParams);
 
             TextureView.InsertImageBarrier(
                 gd.Api,
@@ -1299,7 +1285,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             _pipeline.SetViewports(viewports);
             _pipeline.SetPrimitiveTopology(PrimitiveTopology.TriangleStrip);
 
-            _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(stackalloc[] { new BufferAssignment(0, new BufferRange(bufferHandle, 0, ParamsBufferSize)) });
+            _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(stackalloc[] { new BufferAssignment(0, buffer.Range) });
 
             if (isDepthOrStencil)
             {
@@ -1364,8 +1350,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 }
             }
 
-            gd.BufferManager.Delete(bufferHandle);
-
             _pipeline.Finish(gd, cbs);
 
             TextureView.InsertImageBarrier(
@@ -1616,10 +1600,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 
             pattern.OffsetIndex.CopyTo(shaderParams[..pattern.OffsetIndex.Length]);
 
-            var patternBufferHandle = gd.BufferManager.CreateWithHandle(gd, ParamsBufferSize, out var patternBuffer);
+            using var patternScoped = gd.BufferManager.ReserveOrCreate(gd, cbs, ParamsBufferSize);
+            var patternBuffer = patternScoped.Holder;
             var patternBufferAuto = patternBuffer.GetBuffer();
 
-            gd.BufferManager.SetData<int>(patternBufferHandle, 0, shaderParams);
+            patternBuffer.SetDataUnchecked<int>(patternScoped.Offset, shaderParams);
 
             _pipeline.SetCommandBuffer(cbs);
 
@@ -1635,7 +1620,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 indirectDataSize);
 
             _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(stackalloc[] { new BufferAssignment(0, drawCountBufferAligned) });
-            _pipeline.SetStorageBuffers(1, new[] { srcIndirectBuffer.GetBuffer(), dstIndirectBuffer.GetBuffer(), patternBuffer.GetBuffer() });
+            _pipeline.SetStorageBuffers(1, new[] { srcIndirectBuffer.GetBuffer(), dstIndirectBuffer.GetBuffer() });
+            _pipeline.SetStorageBuffers(stackalloc[] { new BufferAssignment(3, patternScoped.Range) });
 
             _pipeline.SetProgram(_programConvertIndirectData);
             _pipeline.DispatchCompute(1, 1, 1);
@@ -1643,12 +1629,12 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             BufferHolder.InsertBufferBarrier(
                 gd,
                 cbs.CommandBuffer,
-                patternBufferAuto.Get(cbs, ParamsIndirectDispatchOffset, ParamsIndirectDispatchSize).Value,
+                patternBufferAuto.Get(cbs, patternScoped.Offset + ParamsIndirectDispatchOffset, ParamsIndirectDispatchSize).Value,
                 AccessFlags.ShaderWriteBit,
                 AccessFlags.IndirectCommandReadBit,
                 PipelineStageFlags.ComputeShaderBit,
                 PipelineStageFlags.DrawIndirectBit,
-                ParamsIndirectDispatchOffset,
+                patternScoped.Offset + ParamsIndirectDispatchOffset,
                 ParamsIndirectDispatchSize);
 
             BufferHolder.InsertBufferBarrier(
@@ -1662,11 +1648,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 0,
                 convertedCount * outputIndexSize);
 
-            _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(stackalloc[] { new BufferAssignment(0, new BufferRange(patternBufferHandle, 0, ParamsBufferSize)) });
+            _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(stackalloc[] { new BufferAssignment(0, new BufferRange(patternScoped.Handle, patternScoped.Offset, ParamsBufferSize)) });
             _pipeline.SetStorageBuffers(1, new[] { srcIndexBuffer.GetBuffer(), dstIndexBuffer.GetBuffer() });
 
             _pipeline.SetProgram(_programConvertIndexBuffer);
-            _pipeline.DispatchComputeIndirect(patternBufferAuto, ParamsIndirectDispatchOffset);
+            _pipeline.DispatchComputeIndirect(patternBufferAuto, patternScoped.Offset + ParamsIndirectDispatchOffset);
 
             BufferHolder.InsertBufferBarrier(
                 gd,
@@ -1679,8 +1665,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 0,
                 convertedCount * outputIndexSize);
 
-            gd.BufferManager.Delete(patternBufferHandle);
-
             _pipeline.Finish(gd, cbs);
         }
 
@@ -1726,13 +1710,13 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             shaderParams[0] = pixelCount;
             shaderParams[1] = dstOffset;
 
-            var bufferHandle = gd.BufferManager.CreateWithHandle(gd, ParamsBufferSize);
+            using var buffer = gd.BufferManager.ReserveOrCreate(gd, cbs, ParamsBufferSize);
 
-            gd.BufferManager.SetData<int>(bufferHandle, 0, shaderParams);
+            buffer.Holder.SetDataUnchecked<int>(buffer.Offset, shaderParams);
 
             _pipeline.SetCommandBuffer(cbs);
 
-            _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(stackalloc[] { new BufferAssignment(0, new BufferRange(bufferHandle, 0, ParamsBufferSize)) });
+            _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(stackalloc[] { new BufferAssignment(0, buffer.Range) });
 
             Span<Auto<DisposableBuffer>> sbRanges = new Auto<DisposableBuffer>[2];
 
@@ -1744,8 +1728,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             _pipeline.SetProgram(_programConvertD32S8ToD24S8);
             _pipeline.DispatchCompute(1 + inSize / ConvertElementsPerWorkgroup, 1, 1);
 
-            gd.BufferManager.Delete(bufferHandle);
-
             _pipeline.Finish(gd, cbs);
 
             BufferHolder.InsertBufferBarrier(

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/Queries/CounterQueue.cs

@@ -67,9 +67,18 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan.Queries
             lock (_queryPool)
             {
                 count = Math.Min(count, _queryPool.Count);
-                for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
+
+                if (count > 0)
                 {
-                    _queryPool.ElementAt(i).PoolReset(cmd, ResetSequence);
+                    foreach (BufferedQuery query in _queryPool)
+                    {
+                        query.PoolReset(cmd, ResetSequence);
+
+                        if (--count == 0)
+                        {
+                            break;
+                        }
+                    }
                 }
             }
         }

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/StagingBuffer.cs

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 using Ryujinx.Common;
 using Ryujinx.Common.Logging;
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL;
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Diagnostics;
@@ -29,6 +30,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 
         private readonly VulkanRenderer _gd;
         private readonly BufferHolder _buffer;
+        private readonly int _resourceAlignment;
+
+        public readonly BufferHandle Handle;
 
         private readonly struct PendingCopy
         {
@@ -48,9 +52,10 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
         public StagingBuffer(VulkanRenderer gd, BufferManager bufferManager)
         {
             _gd = gd;
-            _buffer = bufferManager.Create(gd, BufferSize);
+            Handle = bufferManager.CreateWithHandle(gd, BufferSize, out _buffer);
             _pendingCopies = new Queue<PendingCopy>();
             _freeSize = BufferSize;
+            _resourceAlignment = (int)gd.Capabilities.MinResourceAlignment;
         }
 
         public void PushData(CommandBufferPool cbp, CommandBufferScoped? cbs, Action endRenderPass, BufferHolder dst, int dstOffset, ReadOnlySpan<byte> data)
@@ -197,7 +202,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
         /// Reserve a range on the staging buffer for the current command buffer and upload data to it.
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="cbs">Command buffer to reserve the data on</param>
-        /// <param name="data">The data to upload</param>
+        /// <param name="size">The minimum size the reserved data requires</param>
         /// <param name="alignment">The required alignment for the buffer offset</param>
         /// <returns>The reserved range of the staging buffer</returns>
         public unsafe StagingBufferReserved? TryReserveData(CommandBufferScoped cbs, int size, int alignment)
@@ -223,6 +228,18 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             return ReserveDataImpl(cbs, size, alignment);
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Reserve a range on the staging buffer for the current command buffer and upload data to it.
+        /// Uses the most permissive byte alignment.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="cbs">Command buffer to reserve the data on</param>
+        /// <param name="size">The minimum size the reserved data requires</param>
+        /// <returns>The reserved range of the staging buffer</returns>
+        public unsafe StagingBufferReserved? TryReserveData(CommandBufferScoped cbs, int size)
+        {
+            return TryReserveData(cbs, size, _resourceAlignment);
+        }
+
         private bool WaitFreeCompleted(CommandBufferPool cbp)
         {
             if (_pendingCopies.TryPeek(out var pc))
@@ -263,7 +280,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
         {
             if (disposing)
             {
-                _buffer.Dispose();
+                _gd.BufferManager.Delete(Handle);
 
                 while (_pendingCopies.TryDequeue(out var pc))
                 {

src/Ryujinx.HLE/FileSystem/VirtualFileSystem.cs

@@ -186,7 +186,12 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.FileSystem
 
         public void InitializeFsServer(LibHac.Horizon horizon, out HorizonClient fsServerClient)
         {
-            LocalFileSystem serverBaseFs = new(AppDataManager.BaseDirPath);
+            LocalFileSystem serverBaseFs = new(useUnixTimeStamps: true);
+            Result result = serverBaseFs.Initialize(AppDataManager.BaseDirPath, LocalFileSystem.PathMode.DefaultCaseSensitivity, ensurePathExists: true);
+            if (result.IsFailure())
+            {
+                throw new HorizonResultException(result, "Error creating LocalFileSystem.");
+            }
 
             fsServerClient = horizon.CreatePrivilegedHorizonClient();
             var fsServer = new FileSystemServer(fsServerClient);

src/Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Services/Arp/IReader.cs

@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Arp
-{
-    [Service("arp:r")]
-    class IReader : IpcService
-    {
-        public IReader(ServiceCtx context) { }
-    }
-}

src/Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Services/Arp/IWriter.cs

@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Arp
-{
-    [Service("arp:w")]
-    class IWriter : IpcService
-    {
-        public IWriter(ServiceCtx context) { }
-    }
-}

src/Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Services/Nv/Host1xContext.cs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-using Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory;
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.Device;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.Host1x;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.Vic;
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Nv
 {
     class Host1xContext : IDisposable
     {
-        public MemoryManager Smmu { get; }
+        public DeviceMemoryManager Smmu { get; }
         public NvMemoryAllocator MemoryAllocator { get; }
         public Host1xDevice Host1x { get; }
 
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Nv
         {
             MemoryAllocator = new NvMemoryAllocator();
             Host1x = new Host1xDevice(gpu.Synchronization);
-            Smmu = gpu.CreateMemoryManager(pid);
+            Smmu = gpu.CreateDeviceMemoryManager(pid);
             var nvdec = new NvdecDevice(Smmu);
             var vic = new VicDevice(Smmu);
             Host1x.RegisterDevice(ClassId.Nvdec, nvdec);

src/Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Services/Nv/NvDrvServices/NvHostAsGpu/NvHostAsGpuDeviceFile.cs

@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Nv.NvDrvServices.NvHostAsGpu
 
             if (size == 0)
             {
-                size = (uint)map.Size;
+                size = map.Size;
             }
 
             NvInternalResult result = NvInternalResult.Success;

src/Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Services/Nv/NvDrvServices/NvHostChannel/NvHostChannelDeviceFile.cs

@@ -250,12 +250,12 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Nv.NvDrvServices.NvHostChannel
                 {
                     if (map.DmaMapAddress == 0)
                     {
-                        ulong va = _host1xContext.MemoryAllocator.GetFreeAddress((ulong)map.Size, out ulong freeAddressStartPosition, 1, MemoryManager.PageSize);
+                        ulong va = _host1xContext.MemoryAllocator.GetFreeAddress(map.Size, out ulong freeAddressStartPosition, 1, MemoryManager.PageSize);
 
-                        if (va != NvMemoryAllocator.PteUnmapped && va <= uint.MaxValue && (va + (uint)map.Size) <= uint.MaxValue)
+                        if (va != NvMemoryAllocator.PteUnmapped && va <= uint.MaxValue && (va + map.Size) <= uint.MaxValue)
                         {
-                            _host1xContext.MemoryAllocator.AllocateRange(va, (uint)map.Size, freeAddressStartPosition);
-                            _host1xContext.Smmu.Map(map.Address, va, (uint)map.Size, PteKind.Pitch); // FIXME: This should not use the GMMU.
+                            _host1xContext.MemoryAllocator.AllocateRange(va, map.Size, freeAddressStartPosition);
+                            _host1xContext.Smmu.Map(map.Address, va, map.Size);
                             map.DmaMapAddress = va;
                         }
                         else

src/Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Services/Nv/NvDrvServices/NvMap/NvMapDeviceFile.cs

@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Nv.NvDrvServices.NvMap
                 return NvInternalResult.InvalidInput;
             }
 
-            int size = BitUtils.AlignUp(arguments.Size, (int)MemoryManager.PageSize);
+            uint size = BitUtils.AlignUp(arguments.Size, (uint)MemoryManager.PageSize);
 
             arguments.Handle = CreateHandleFromMap(new NvMapHandle(size));
 
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Nv.NvDrvServices.NvMap
                 map.Align = arguments.Align;
                 map.Kind = (byte)arguments.Kind;
 
-                int size = BitUtils.AlignUp(map.Size, (int)MemoryManager.PageSize);
+                uint size = BitUtils.AlignUp(map.Size, (uint)MemoryManager.PageSize);
 
                 ulong address = arguments.Address;
 
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Nv.NvDrvServices.NvMap
             switch (arguments.Param)
             {
                 case NvMapHandleParam.Size:
-                    arguments.Result = map.Size;
+                    arguments.Result = (int)map.Size;
                     break;
                 case NvMapHandleParam.Align:
                     arguments.Result = map.Align;

src/Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Services/Nv/NvDrvServices/NvMap/Types/NvMapCreate.cs

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Nv.NvDrvServices.NvMap
     [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
     struct NvMapCreate
     {
-        public int Size;
+        public uint Size;
         public int Handle;
     }
 }

src/Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Services/Nv/NvDrvServices/NvMap/Types/NvMapFree.cs

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Nv.NvDrvServices.NvMap
         public int Handle;
         public int Padding;
         public ulong Address;
-        public int Size;
+        public uint Size;
         public int Flags;
     }
 }

src/Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Services/Nv/NvDrvServices/NvMap/Types/NvMapHandle.cs

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Nv.NvDrvServices.NvMap
         public int Handle;
         public int Id;
 #pragma warning restore CS0649
-        public int Size;
+        public uint Size;
         public int Align;
         public int Kind;
         public ulong Address;
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Nv.NvDrvServices.NvMap
             _dupes = 1;
         }
 
-        public NvMapHandle(int size) : this()
+        public NvMapHandle(uint size) : this()
         {
             Size = size;
         }

src/Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Services/Pctl/ParentalControlServiceFactory/IParentalControlService.cs

@@ -159,9 +159,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Pctl.ParentalControlServiceFactory
             }
             else
             {
-#pragma warning disable CS0162 // Unreachable code
                 return ResultCode.StereoVisionRestrictionConfigurableDisabled;
-#pragma warning restore CS0162
             }
         }
 

src/Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Services/Ssl/SslService/SslManagedSocketConnection.cs

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ using Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Sockets.Bsd.Impl;
 using Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Ssl.Types;
 using System;
 using System.IO;
+using System.Net;
 using System.Net.Security;
 using System.Net.Sockets;
 using System.Security.Authentication;
@@ -83,10 +84,40 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services.Ssl.SslService
         }
 #pragma warning restore SYSLIB0039
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Retrieve the hostname of the current remote in case the provided hostname is null or empty.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="hostName">The current hostname</param>
+        /// <returns>Either the resolved or provided hostname</returns>
+        /// <remarks>
+        /// This is done to avoid getting an <see cref="System.Security.Authentication.AuthenticationException"/>
+        /// as the remote certificate will be rejected with <c>RemoteCertificateNameMismatch</c> due to an empty hostname.
+        /// This is not what the switch does!
+        /// It might just skip remote hostname verification if the hostname wasn't set with <see cref="ISslConnection.SetHostName"/> before.
+        /// TODO: Remove this as soon as we know how the switch deals with empty hostnames
+        /// </remarks>
+        private string RetrieveHostName(string hostName)
+        {
+            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(hostName))
+            {
+                return hostName;
+            }
+
+            try
+            {
+                return Dns.GetHostEntry(Socket.RemoteEndPoint.Address).HostName;
+            }
+            catch (SocketException)
+            {
+                return hostName;
+            }
+        }
+
         public ResultCode Handshake(string hostName)
         {
             StartSslOperation();
             _stream = new SslStream(new NetworkStream(((ManagedSocket)Socket).Socket, false), false, null, null);
+            hostName = RetrieveHostName(hostName);
             _stream.AuthenticateAsClient(hostName, null, TranslateSslVersion(_sslVersion), false);
             EndSslOperation();
 

src/Ryujinx.HLE/Loaders/Processes/Extensions/FileSystemExtensions.cs

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.Loaders.Processes.Extensions
             return metaLoader;
         }
 
-        public static ProcessResult Load(this IFileSystem exeFs, Switch device, BlitStruct<ApplicationControlProperty> nacpData, MetaLoader metaLoader, bool isHomebrew = false)
+        public static ProcessResult Load(this IFileSystem exeFs, Switch device, BlitStruct<ApplicationControlProperty> nacpData, MetaLoader metaLoader, byte programIndex, bool isHomebrew = false)
         {
             ulong programId = metaLoader.GetProgramId();
 
@@ -119,6 +119,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.Loaders.Processes.Extensions
                 true,
                 programName,
                 metaLoader.GetProgramId(),
+                programIndex,
                 null,
                 nsoExecutables);
 

src/Ryujinx.HLE/Loaders/Processes/Extensions/LocalFileSystemExtensions.cs

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.Loaders.Processes
                 ProcessLoaderHelper.EnsureSaveData(device, new ApplicationId(programId), nacpData);
             }
 
-            ProcessResult processResult = exeFs.Load(device, nacpData, metaLoader);
+            ProcessResult processResult = exeFs.Load(device, nacpData, metaLoader, 0);
 
             // Load RomFS.
             if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(romFsPath))

src/Ryujinx.HLE/Loaders/Processes/Extensions/NcaExtensions.cs

@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.Loaders.Processes.Extensions
 
             */
 
-            ProcessResult processResult = exeFs.Load(device, nacpData, metaLoader);
+            ProcessResult processResult = exeFs.Load(device, nacpData, metaLoader, (byte)nca.GetProgramIndex());
 
             // Load RomFS.
             if (romFs == null)

src/Ryujinx.HLE/Loaders/Processes/ProcessLoader.cs

@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.Loaders.Processes
             if (processResult.ProcessId == 0)
             {
                 // This is not a normal NSP, it's actually a ExeFS as a NSP
-                processResult = partitionFileSystem.Load(_device, new BlitStruct<ApplicationControlProperty>(1), partitionFileSystem.GetNpdm(), true);
+                processResult = partitionFileSystem.Load(_device, new BlitStruct<ApplicationControlProperty>(1), partitionFileSystem.GetNpdm(), 0, true);
             }
 
             if (processResult.ProcessId != 0 && _processesByPid.TryAdd(processResult.ProcessId, processResult))
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.Loaders.Processes
             }
             else
             {
-                programName = System.IO.Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(path);
+                programName = Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(path);
 
                 executable = new NsoExecutable(new LocalStorage(path, FileAccess.Read), programName);
             }
@@ -215,6 +215,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.Loaders.Processes
                                                                        allowCodeMemoryForJit: true,
                                                                        programName,
                                                                        programId,
+                                                                       0,
                                                                        null,
                                                                        executable);
 

src/Ryujinx.HLE/Loaders/Processes/ProcessLoaderHelper.cs

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ using Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Kernel.Process;
 using Ryujinx.HLE.Loaders.Executables;
 using Ryujinx.HLE.Loaders.Processes.Extensions;
 using Ryujinx.Horizon.Common;
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Arp;
 using System;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
@@ -229,6 +230,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.Loaders.Processes
             bool allowCodeMemoryForJit,
             string name,
             ulong programId,
+            byte programIndex,
             byte[] arguments = null,
             params IExecutable[] executables)
         {
@@ -421,7 +423,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.Loaders.Processes
             // Once everything is loaded, we can load cheats.
             device.Configuration.VirtualFileSystem.ModLoader.LoadCheats(programId, tamperInfo, device.TamperMachine);
 
-            return new ProcessResult(
+            ProcessResult processResult = new(
                 metaLoader,
                 applicationControlProperties,
                 diskCacheEnabled,
@@ -431,6 +433,25 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.Loaders.Processes
                 meta.MainThreadPriority,
                 meta.MainThreadStackSize,
                 device.System.State.DesiredTitleLanguage);
+
+            // Register everything in arp service.
+            device.System.ServiceTable.ArpWriter.AcquireRegistrar(out IRegistrar registrar);
+            registrar.SetApplicationControlProperty(MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, Horizon.Sdk.Ns.ApplicationControlProperty>(applicationControlProperties.ByteSpan)[0]);
+            // TODO: Handle Version and StorageId when it will be needed.
+            registrar.SetApplicationLaunchProperty(new ApplicationLaunchProperty()
+            {
+                ApplicationId = new Horizon.Sdk.Ncm.ApplicationId(programId),
+                Version = 0x00,
+                Storage = Horizon.Sdk.Ncm.StorageId.BuiltInUser,
+                PatchStorage = Horizon.Sdk.Ncm.StorageId.None,
+                ApplicationKind = ApplicationKind.Application,
+            });
+
+            device.System.ServiceTable.ArpReader.GetApplicationInstanceId(out ulong applicationInstanceId, process.Pid);
+            device.System.ServiceTable.ArpWriter.AcquireApplicationProcessPropertyUpdater(out IUpdater updater, applicationInstanceId);
+            updater.SetApplicationProcessProperty(process.Pid, new ApplicationProcessProperty() { ProgramIndex = programIndex });
+
+            return processResult;
         }
 
         public static Result LoadIntoMemory(KProcess process, IExecutable image, ulong baseAddress)

src/Ryujinx.Horizon/Arp/ArpIpcServer.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Arp.Ipc;
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Arp;
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Arp.Detail;
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Sf.Hipc;
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Sm;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Horizon.Arp
+{
+    class ArpIpcServer
+    {
+        private const int ArpRMaxSessionsCount = 16;
+        private const int ArpWMaxSessionsCount = 8;
+        private const int MaxSessionsCount = ArpRMaxSessionsCount + ArpWMaxSessionsCount;
+
+        private const int PointerBufferSize = 0x1000;
+        private const int MaxDomains = 24;
+        private const int MaxDomainObjects = 32;
+        private const int MaxPortsCount = 2;
+
+        private static readonly ManagerOptions _managerOptions = new(PointerBufferSize, MaxDomains, MaxDomainObjects, false);
+
+        private SmApi _sm;
+        private ServerManager _serverManager;
+        private ApplicationInstanceManager _applicationInstanceManager;
+
+        public IReader Reader { get; private set; }
+        public IWriter Writer { get; private set; }
+
+        public void Initialize()
+        {
+            HeapAllocator allocator = new();
+
+            _sm = new SmApi();
+            _sm.Initialize().AbortOnFailure();
+
+            _serverManager = new ServerManager(allocator, _sm, MaxPortsCount, _managerOptions, MaxSessionsCount);
+
+            _applicationInstanceManager = new ApplicationInstanceManager();
+
+            Reader reader = new(_applicationInstanceManager);
+            Reader = reader;
+
+            Writer writer = new(_applicationInstanceManager);
+            Writer = writer;
+
+            _serverManager.RegisterObjectForServer(reader, ServiceName.Encode("arp:r"), ArpRMaxSessionsCount);
+            _serverManager.RegisterObjectForServer(writer, ServiceName.Encode("arp:w"), ArpWMaxSessionsCount);
+        }
+
+        public void ServiceRequests()
+        {
+            _serverManager.ServiceRequests();
+        }
+
+        public void Shutdown()
+        {
+            _applicationInstanceManager.Dispose();
+            _serverManager.Dispose();
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Horizon/Arp/ArpMain.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+namespace Ryujinx.Horizon.Arp
+{
+    class ArpMain : IService
+    {
+        public static void Main(ServiceTable serviceTable)
+        {
+            ArpIpcServer arpIpcServer = new();
+
+            arpIpcServer.Initialize();
+
+            serviceTable.ArpReader = arpIpcServer.Reader;
+            serviceTable.ArpWriter = arpIpcServer.Writer;
+
+            serviceTable.SignalServiceReady();
+
+            arpIpcServer.ServiceRequests();
+            arpIpcServer.Shutdown();
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Horizon/Arp/Ipc/Reader.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Common;
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Arp;
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Arp.Detail;
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Ns;
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Sf;
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Sf.Hipc;
+using System;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Horizon.Arp.Ipc
+{
+    partial class Reader : IReader, IServiceObject
+    {
+        private readonly ApplicationInstanceManager _applicationInstanceManager;
+
+        public Reader(ApplicationInstanceManager applicationInstanceManager)
+        {
+            _applicationInstanceManager = applicationInstanceManager;
+        }
+
+        [CmifCommand(0)]
+        public Result GetApplicationLaunchProperty(out ApplicationLaunchProperty applicationLaunchProperty, ulong applicationInstanceId)
+        {
+            if (_applicationInstanceManager.Entries[applicationInstanceId] == null || !_applicationInstanceManager.Entries[applicationInstanceId].LaunchProperty.HasValue)
+            {
+                applicationLaunchProperty = default;
+
+                return ArpResult.InvalidInstanceId;
+            }
+
+            applicationLaunchProperty = _applicationInstanceManager.Entries[applicationInstanceId].LaunchProperty.Value;
+
+            return Result.Success;
+        }
+
+        [CmifCommand(1)]
+        public Result GetApplicationControlProperty([Buffer(HipcBufferFlags.Out | HipcBufferFlags.MapAlias, 0x4000)] out ApplicationControlProperty applicationControlProperty, ulong applicationInstanceId)
+        {
+            if (_applicationInstanceManager.Entries[applicationInstanceId] == null || !_applicationInstanceManager.Entries[applicationInstanceId].ControlProperty.HasValue)
+            {
+                applicationControlProperty = default;
+
+                return ArpResult.InvalidInstanceId;
+            }
+
+            applicationControlProperty = _applicationInstanceManager.Entries[applicationInstanceId].ControlProperty.Value;
+
+            return Result.Success;
+        }
+
+        [CmifCommand(2)]
+        public Result GetApplicationProcessProperty(out ApplicationProcessProperty applicationProcessProperty, ulong applicationInstanceId)
+        {
+            if (_applicationInstanceManager.Entries[applicationInstanceId] == null || !_applicationInstanceManager.Entries[applicationInstanceId].ProcessProperty.HasValue)
+            {
+                applicationProcessProperty = default;
+
+                return ArpResult.InvalidInstanceId;
+            }
+
+            applicationProcessProperty = _applicationInstanceManager.Entries[applicationInstanceId].ProcessProperty.Value;
+
+            return Result.Success;
+        }
+
+        [CmifCommand(3)]
+        public Result GetApplicationInstanceId(out ulong applicationInstanceId, ulong pid)
+        {
+            applicationInstanceId = 0;
+
+            if (pid == 0)
+            {
+                return ArpResult.InvalidPid;
+            }
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < _applicationInstanceManager.Entries.Length; i++)
+            {
+                if (_applicationInstanceManager.Entries[i] != null && _applicationInstanceManager.Entries[i].Pid == pid)
+                {
+                    applicationInstanceId = (ulong)i;
+
+                    return Result.Success;
+                }
+            }
+
+            return ArpResult.InvalidPid;
+        }
+
+        [CmifCommand(4)]
+        public Result GetApplicationInstanceUnregistrationNotifier(out IUnregistrationNotifier unregistrationNotifier)
+        {
+            unregistrationNotifier = new UnregistrationNotifier(_applicationInstanceManager);
+
+            return Result.Success;
+        }
+
+        [CmifCommand(5)]
+        public Result ListApplicationInstanceId(out int count, [Buffer(HipcBufferFlags.Out | HipcBufferFlags.MapAlias)] Span<ulong> applicationInstanceIdList)
+        {
+            count = 0;
+
+            if (_applicationInstanceManager.Entries[0] != null)
+            {
+                applicationInstanceIdList[count++] = 0;
+            }
+
+            if (_applicationInstanceManager.Entries[1] != null)
+            {
+                applicationInstanceIdList[count++] = 1;
+            }
+
+            return Result.Success;
+        }
+
+        [CmifCommand(6)]
+        public Result GetMicroApplicationInstanceId(out ulong microApplicationInstanceId, [ClientProcessId] ulong pid)
+        {
+            return GetApplicationInstanceId(out microApplicationInstanceId, pid);
+        }
+
+        [CmifCommand(7)]
+        public Result GetApplicationCertificate([Buffer(HipcBufferFlags.Out | HipcBufferFlags.MapAlias | HipcBufferFlags.FixedSize, 0x528)] out ApplicationCertificate applicationCertificate, ulong applicationInstanceId)
+        {
+            if (_applicationInstanceManager.Entries[applicationInstanceId] == null)
+            {
+                applicationCertificate = default;
+
+                return ArpResult.InvalidInstanceId;
+            }
+
+            applicationCertificate = _applicationInstanceManager.Entries[applicationInstanceId].Certificate.Value;
+
+            return Result.Success;
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Horizon/Arp/Ipc/Registrar.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Common;
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Arp;
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Arp.Detail;
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Ns;
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Sf;
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Sf.Hipc;
+using System;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Horizon.Arp.Ipc
+{
+    partial class Registrar : IRegistrar, IServiceObject
+    {
+        private readonly ApplicationInstance _applicationInstance;
+
+        public Registrar(ApplicationInstance applicationInstance)
+        {
+            _applicationInstance = applicationInstance;
+        }
+
+        [CmifCommand(0)]
+        public Result Issue(out ulong applicationInstanceId)
+        {
+            throw new NotImplementedException();
+        }
+
+        [CmifCommand(1)]
+        public Result SetApplicationLaunchProperty(ApplicationLaunchProperty applicationLaunchProperty)
+        {
+            if (_applicationInstance.LaunchProperty != null)
+            {
+                return ArpResult.DataAlreadyBound;
+            }
+
+            _applicationInstance.LaunchProperty = applicationLaunchProperty;
+
+            return Result.Success;
+        }
+
+        [CmifCommand(2)]
+        public Result SetApplicationControlProperty([Buffer(HipcBufferFlags.In | HipcBufferFlags.MapAlias | HipcBufferFlags.FixedSize, 0x4000)] in ApplicationControlProperty applicationControlProperty)
+        {
+            if (_applicationInstance.ControlProperty != null)
+            {
+                return ArpResult.DataAlreadyBound;
+            }
+
+            _applicationInstance.ControlProperty = applicationControlProperty;
+
+            return Result.Success;
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Horizon/Arp/Ipc/UnregistrationNotifier.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Common;
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Arp;
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Arp.Detail;
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Sf;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Horizon.Arp.Ipc
+{
+    partial class UnregistrationNotifier : IUnregistrationNotifier, IServiceObject
+    {
+        private readonly ApplicationInstanceManager _applicationInstanceManager;
+
+        public UnregistrationNotifier(ApplicationInstanceManager applicationInstanceManager)
+        {
+            _applicationInstanceManager = applicationInstanceManager;
+        }
+
+        [CmifCommand(0)]
+        public Result GetReadableHandle([CopyHandle] out int readableHandle)
+        {
+            readableHandle = _applicationInstanceManager.EventHandle;
+
+            return Result.Success;
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Horizon/Arp/Ipc/Updater.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Common;
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Arp;
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Arp.Detail;
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Sf;
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Sf.Hipc;
+using System;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Horizon.Arp.Ipc
+{
+    partial class Updater : IUpdater, IServiceObject
+    {
+        private readonly ApplicationInstanceManager _applicationInstanceManager;
+        private readonly ulong _applicationInstanceId;
+        private readonly bool _forCertificate;
+
+        public Updater(ApplicationInstanceManager applicationInstanceManager, ulong applicationInstanceId, bool forCertificate)
+        {
+            _applicationInstanceManager = applicationInstanceManager;
+            _applicationInstanceId = applicationInstanceId;
+            _forCertificate = forCertificate;
+        }
+
+        [CmifCommand(0)]
+        public Result Issue()
+        {
+            throw new NotImplementedException();
+        }
+
+        [CmifCommand(1)]
+        public Result SetApplicationProcessProperty(ulong pid, ApplicationProcessProperty applicationProcessProperty)
+        {
+            if (_forCertificate)
+            {
+                return ArpResult.DataAlreadyBound;
+            }
+
+            if (pid == 0)
+            {
+                return ArpResult.InvalidPid;
+            }
+
+            _applicationInstanceManager.Entries[_applicationInstanceId].Pid = pid;
+            _applicationInstanceManager.Entries[_applicationInstanceId].ProcessProperty = applicationProcessProperty;
+
+            return Result.Success;
+        }
+
+        [CmifCommand(2)]
+        public Result DeleteApplicationProcessProperty()
+        {
+            if (_forCertificate)
+            {
+                return ArpResult.DataAlreadyBound;
+            }
+
+            _applicationInstanceManager.Entries[_applicationInstanceId].ProcessProperty = new ApplicationProcessProperty();
+
+            return Result.Success;
+        }
+
+        [CmifCommand(3)]
+        public Result SetApplicationCertificate([Buffer(HipcBufferFlags.In | HipcBufferFlags.AutoSelect)] ApplicationCertificate applicationCertificate)
+        {
+            if (!_forCertificate)
+            {
+                return ArpResult.DataAlreadyBound;
+            }
+
+            _applicationInstanceManager.Entries[_applicationInstanceId].Certificate = applicationCertificate;
+
+            return Result.Success;
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Horizon/Arp/Ipc/Writer.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Common;
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Arp;
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Arp.Detail;
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.OsTypes;
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Sf;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Horizon.Arp.Ipc
+{
+    partial class Writer : IWriter, IServiceObject
+    {
+        private readonly ApplicationInstanceManager _applicationInstanceManager;
+
+        public Writer(ApplicationInstanceManager applicationInstanceManager)
+        {
+            _applicationInstanceManager = applicationInstanceManager;
+        }
+
+        [CmifCommand(0)]
+        public Result AcquireRegistrar(out IRegistrar registrar)
+        {
+            if (_applicationInstanceManager.Entries[0] != null)
+            {
+                if (_applicationInstanceManager.Entries[1] != null)
+                {
+                    registrar = null;
+
+                    return ArpResult.NoFreeInstance;
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    _applicationInstanceManager.Entries[1] = new ApplicationInstance();
+
+                    registrar = new Registrar(_applicationInstanceManager.Entries[1]);
+                }
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                _applicationInstanceManager.Entries[0] = new ApplicationInstance();
+
+                registrar = new Registrar(_applicationInstanceManager.Entries[0]);
+            }
+
+            return Result.Success;
+        }
+
+        [CmifCommand(1)]
+        public Result UnregisterApplicationInstance(ulong applicationInstanceId)
+        {
+            if (_applicationInstanceManager.Entries[applicationInstanceId] != null)
+            {
+                _applicationInstanceManager.Entries[applicationInstanceId] = null;
+            }
+
+            Os.SignalSystemEvent(ref _applicationInstanceManager.SystemEvent);
+
+            return Result.Success;
+        }
+
+        [CmifCommand(2)]
+        public Result AcquireApplicationProcessPropertyUpdater(out IUpdater updater, ulong applicationInstanceId)
+        {
+            updater = new Updater(_applicationInstanceManager, applicationInstanceId, false);
+
+            return Result.Success;
+        }
+
+        [CmifCommand(3)]
+        public Result AcquireApplicationCertificateUpdater(out IUpdater updater, ulong applicationInstanceId)
+        {
+            updater = new Updater(_applicationInstanceManager, applicationInstanceId, true);
+
+            return Result.Success;
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Horizon/Prepo/Ipc/PrepoService.cs

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ using Ryujinx.Common.Utilities;
 using Ryujinx.Horizon.Common;
 using Ryujinx.Horizon.Prepo.Types;
 using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Account;
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Arp;
 using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Prepo;
 using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Sf;
 using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Sf.Hipc;
@@ -22,14 +23,16 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Horizon.Prepo.Ipc
             System,
         }
 
+        private readonly ArpApi _arp;
         private readonly PrepoServicePermissionLevel _permissionLevel;
         private ulong _systemSessionId;
 
         private bool _immediateTransmissionEnabled;
         private bool _userAgreementCheckEnabled = true;
 
-        public PrepoService(PrepoServicePermissionLevel permissionLevel)
+        public PrepoService(ArpApi arp, PrepoServicePermissionLevel permissionLevel)
         {
+            _arp = arp;
             _permissionLevel = permissionLevel;
         }
 
@@ -165,7 +168,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Horizon.Prepo.Ipc
             return PrepoResult.PermissionDenied;
         }
 
-        private static Result ProcessPlayReport(PlayReportKind playReportKind, ReadOnlySpan<byte> gameRoomBuffer, ReadOnlySpan<byte> reportBuffer, ulong pid, Uid userId, bool withUserId = false, ApplicationId applicationId = default)
+        private Result ProcessPlayReport(PlayReportKind playReportKind, ReadOnlySpan<byte> gameRoomBuffer, ReadOnlySpan<byte> reportBuffer, ulong pid, Uid userId, bool withUserId = false, ApplicationId applicationId = default)
         {
             if (withUserId)
             {
@@ -199,8 +202,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Horizon.Prepo.Ipc
             builder.AppendLine("PlayReport log:");
             builder.AppendLine($" Kind: {playReportKind}");
 
-            // NOTE: The service calls arp:r using the pid to get the application id, if it fails PrepoResult.InvalidPid is returned.
-            //       Reports are stored internally and an event is signaled to transmit them.
+            // NOTE: Reports are stored internally and an event is signaled to transmit them.
+
             if (pid != 0)
             {
                 builder.AppendLine($" Pid: {pid}");
@@ -210,6 +213,16 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Horizon.Prepo.Ipc
                 builder.AppendLine($" ApplicationId: {applicationId}");
             }
 
+            Result result = _arp.GetApplicationInstanceId(out ulong applicationInstanceId, pid);
+            if (result.IsFailure)
+            {
+                return PrepoResult.InvalidPid;
+            }
+
+            _arp.GetApplicationLaunchProperty(out ApplicationLaunchProperty applicationLaunchProperty, applicationInstanceId).AbortOnFailure();
+
+            builder.AppendLine($" ApplicationVersion: {applicationLaunchProperty.Version}");
+
             if (!userId.IsNull)
             {
                 builder.AppendLine($" UserId: {userId}");

src/Ryujinx.Horizon/Prepo/PrepoIpcServer.cs

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 using Ryujinx.Horizon.Prepo.Types;
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Arp;
 using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Sf.Hipc;
 using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Sm;
 
@@ -17,16 +18,19 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Horizon.Prepo
         private static readonly ManagerOptions _managerOptions = new(PointerBufferSize, MaxDomains, MaxDomainObjects, false);
 
         private SmApi _sm;
+        private ArpApi _arp;
         private PrepoServerManager _serverManager;
 
         public void Initialize()
         {
             HeapAllocator allocator = new();
 
+            _arp = new ArpApi(allocator);
+
             _sm = new SmApi();
             _sm.Initialize().AbortOnFailure();
 
-            _serverManager = new PrepoServerManager(allocator, _sm, MaxPortsCount, _managerOptions, TotalMaxSessionsCount);
+            _serverManager = new PrepoServerManager(allocator, _sm, _arp, MaxPortsCount, _managerOptions, TotalMaxSessionsCount);
 
 #pragma warning disable IDE0055 // Disable formatting
             _serverManager.RegisterServer((int)PrepoPortIndex.Admin,   ServiceName.Encode("prepo:a"),  MaxSessionsCount); // 1.0.0-5.1.0
@@ -45,6 +49,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Horizon.Prepo
 
         public void Shutdown()
         {
+            _arp.Dispose();
             _serverManager.Dispose();
         }
     }

src/Ryujinx.Horizon/Prepo/PrepoServerManager.cs

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 using Ryujinx.Horizon.Common;
 using Ryujinx.Horizon.Prepo.Ipc;
 using Ryujinx.Horizon.Prepo.Types;
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Arp;
 using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Sf.Hipc;
 using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Sm;
 using System;
@@ -9,8 +10,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Horizon.Prepo
 {
     class PrepoServerManager : ServerManager
     {
-        public PrepoServerManager(HeapAllocator allocator, SmApi sm, int maxPorts, ManagerOptions options, int maxSessions) : base(allocator, sm, maxPorts, options, maxSessions)
+        private readonly ArpApi _arp;
+
+        public PrepoServerManager(HeapAllocator allocator, SmApi sm, ArpApi arp, int maxPorts, ManagerOptions options, int maxSessions) : base(allocator, sm, maxPorts, options, maxSessions)
         {
+            _arp = arp;
         }
 
         protected override Result OnNeedsToAccept(int portIndex, Server server)
@@ -18,12 +22,12 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Horizon.Prepo
             return (PrepoPortIndex)portIndex switch
             {
 #pragma warning disable IDE0055 // Disable formatting
-                PrepoPortIndex.Admin   => AcceptImpl(server, new PrepoService(PrepoServicePermissionLevel.Admin)),
-                PrepoPortIndex.Admin2  => AcceptImpl(server, new PrepoService(PrepoServicePermissionLevel.Admin)),
-                PrepoPortIndex.Manager => AcceptImpl(server, new PrepoService(PrepoServicePermissionLevel.Manager)),
-                PrepoPortIndex.User    => AcceptImpl(server, new PrepoService(PrepoServicePermissionLevel.User)),
-                PrepoPortIndex.System  => AcceptImpl(server, new PrepoService(PrepoServicePermissionLevel.System)),
-                PrepoPortIndex.Debug   => AcceptImpl(server, new PrepoService(PrepoServicePermissionLevel.Debug)),
+                PrepoPortIndex.Admin   => AcceptImpl(server, new PrepoService(_arp, PrepoServicePermissionLevel.Admin)),
+                PrepoPortIndex.Admin2  => AcceptImpl(server, new PrepoService(_arp, PrepoServicePermissionLevel.Admin)),
+                PrepoPortIndex.Manager => AcceptImpl(server, new PrepoService(_arp, PrepoServicePermissionLevel.Manager)),
+                PrepoPortIndex.User    => AcceptImpl(server, new PrepoService(_arp, PrepoServicePermissionLevel.User)),
+                PrepoPortIndex.System  => AcceptImpl(server, new PrepoService(_arp, PrepoServicePermissionLevel.System)),
+                PrepoPortIndex.Debug   => AcceptImpl(server, new PrepoService(_arp, PrepoServicePermissionLevel.Debug)),
                 _                      => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(portIndex)),
 #pragma warning restore IDE0055
             };

src/Ryujinx.Horizon/Sdk/Arp/ApplicationCertificate.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Arp
+{
+    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Size = 0x528)]
+    public struct ApplicationCertificate
+    {
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Horizon/Sdk/Arp/ApplicationKind.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+namespace Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Arp
+{
+    public enum ApplicationKind : byte
+    {
+        Application,
+        MicroApplication,
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Horizon/Sdk/Arp/ApplicationLaunchProperty.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Ncm;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Arp
+{
+    public struct ApplicationLaunchProperty
+    {
+        public ApplicationId ApplicationId;
+        public uint Version;
+        public StorageId Storage;
+        public StorageId PatchStorage;
+        public ApplicationKind ApplicationKind;
+        public byte Padding;
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Horizon/Sdk/Arp/ApplicationProcessProperty.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+using Ryujinx.Common.Memory;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Arp
+{
+    public struct ApplicationProcessProperty
+    {
+        public byte ProgramIndex;
+        public Array15<byte> Unknown;
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Horizon/Sdk/Arp/ArpApi.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+using Ryujinx.Common.Memory;
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Common;
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Ns;
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Sf.Cmif;
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Sf.Hipc;
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Sm;
+using System;
+using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Arp
+{
+    class ArpApi : IDisposable
+    {
+        private const string ArpRName = "arp:r";
+
+        private readonly HeapAllocator _allocator;
+        private int _sessionHandle;
+
+        public ArpApi(HeapAllocator allocator)
+        {
+            _allocator = allocator;
+        }
+
+        private void InitializeArpRService()
+        {
+            if (_sessionHandle == 0)
+            {
+                using var smApi = new SmApi();
+
+                smApi.Initialize();
+                smApi.GetServiceHandle(out _sessionHandle, ServiceName.Encode(ArpRName)).AbortOnFailure();
+            }
+        }
+
+        public Result GetApplicationInstanceId(out ulong applicationInstanceId, ulong applicationPid)
+        {
+            Span<byte> data = stackalloc byte[8];
+            SpanWriter writer = new(data);
+
+            writer.Write(applicationPid);
+
+            InitializeArpRService();
+
+            Result result = ServiceUtil.SendRequest(out CmifResponse response, _sessionHandle, 3, sendPid: false, data);
+            if (result.IsFailure)
+            {
+                applicationInstanceId = 0;
+
+                return result;
+            }
+
+            SpanReader reader = new(response.Data);
+
+            applicationInstanceId = reader.Read<ulong>();
+
+            return Result.Success;
+        }
+
+        public Result GetApplicationLaunchProperty(out ApplicationLaunchProperty applicationLaunchProperty, ulong applicationInstanceId)
+        {
+            applicationLaunchProperty = default;
+
+            Span<byte> data = stackalloc byte[8];
+            SpanWriter writer = new(data);
+
+            writer.Write(applicationInstanceId);
+
+            InitializeArpRService();
+
+            Result result = ServiceUtil.SendRequest(out CmifResponse response, _sessionHandle, 0, sendPid: false, data);
+            if (result.IsFailure)
+            {
+                return result;
+            }
+
+            SpanReader reader = new(response.Data);
+
+            applicationLaunchProperty = reader.Read<ApplicationLaunchProperty>();
+
+            return Result.Success;
+        }
+
+        public Result GetApplicationControlProperty(out ApplicationControlProperty applicationControlProperty, ulong applicationInstanceId)
+        {
+            applicationControlProperty = default;
+
+            Span<byte> data = stackalloc byte[8];
+            SpanWriter writer = new(data);
+
+            writer.Write(applicationInstanceId);
+
+            ulong bufferSize = (ulong)Unsafe.SizeOf<ApplicationControlProperty>();
+            ulong bufferAddress = _allocator.Allocate(bufferSize);
+
+            InitializeArpRService();
+
+            Result result = ServiceUtil.SendRequest(
+                out CmifResponse response,
+                _sessionHandle,
+                1,
+                sendPid: false,
+                data,
+                stackalloc[] { HipcBufferFlags.Out | HipcBufferFlags.MapAlias | HipcBufferFlags.FixedSize },
+                stackalloc[] { new PointerAndSize(bufferAddress, bufferSize) });
+
+            if (result.IsFailure)
+            {
+                return result;
+            }
+
+            applicationControlProperty = HorizonStatic.AddressSpace.Read<ApplicationControlProperty>(bufferAddress);
+
+            _allocator.Free(bufferAddress, bufferSize);
+
+            return Result.Success;
+        }
+
+        public void Dispose()
+        {
+            if (_sessionHandle != 0)
+            {
+                HorizonStatic.Syscall.CloseHandle(_sessionHandle);
+
+                _sessionHandle = 0;
+            }
+
+            GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Horizon/Sdk/Arp/ArpResult.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Common;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Arp
+{
+    static class ArpResult
+    {
+        private const int ModuleId = 157;
+
+        public static Result InvalidArgument => new(ModuleId, 30);
+        public static Result InvalidPid => new(ModuleId, 31);
+        public static Result InvalidPointer => new(ModuleId, 32);
+        public static Result DataAlreadyBound => new(ModuleId, 42);
+        public static Result AllocationFailed => new(ModuleId, 63);
+        public static Result NoFreeInstance => new(ModuleId, 101);
+        public static Result InvalidInstanceId => new(ModuleId, 102);
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Horizon/Sdk/Arp/Detail/ApplicationInstance.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Ns;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Arp.Detail
+{
+    class ApplicationInstance
+    {
+        public ulong Pid { get; set; }
+        public ApplicationLaunchProperty? LaunchProperty { get; set; }
+        public ApplicationProcessProperty? ProcessProperty { get; set; }
+        public ApplicationControlProperty? ControlProperty { get; set; }
+        public ApplicationCertificate? Certificate { get; set; }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Horizon/Sdk/Arp/Detail/ApplicationInstanceManager.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.OsTypes;
+using System;
+using System.Threading;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Arp.Detail
+{
+    class ApplicationInstanceManager : IDisposable
+    {
+        private int _disposalState;
+
+        public SystemEventType SystemEvent;
+        public int EventHandle;
+
+        public readonly ApplicationInstance[] Entries = new ApplicationInstance[2];
+
+        public ApplicationInstanceManager()
+        {
+            Os.CreateSystemEvent(out SystemEvent, EventClearMode.ManualClear, true).AbortOnFailure();
+
+            EventHandle = Os.GetReadableHandleOfSystemEvent(ref SystemEvent);
+        }
+
+        public void Dispose()
+        {
+            if (EventHandle != 0 && Interlocked.Exchange(ref _disposalState, 1) == 0)
+            {
+                Os.DestroySystemEvent(ref SystemEvent);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Horizon/Sdk/Arp/IReader.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Common;
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Ns;
+using System;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Arp
+{
+    public interface IReader
+    {
+        public Result GetApplicationLaunchProperty(out ApplicationLaunchProperty applicationLaunchProperty, ulong applicationInstanceId);
+        public Result GetApplicationControlProperty(out ApplicationControlProperty applicationControlProperty, ulong applicationInstanceId);
+        public Result GetApplicationProcessProperty(out ApplicationProcessProperty applicationControlProperty, ulong applicationInstanceId);
+        public Result GetApplicationInstanceId(out ulong applicationInstanceId, ulong pid);
+        public Result GetApplicationInstanceUnregistrationNotifier(out IUnregistrationNotifier unregistrationNotifier);
+        public Result ListApplicationInstanceId(out int count, Span<ulong> applicationInstanceIdList);
+        public Result GetMicroApplicationInstanceId(out ulong MicroApplicationInstanceId, ulong pid);
+        public Result GetApplicationCertificate(out ApplicationCertificate applicationCertificate, ulong applicationInstanceId);
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Horizon/Sdk/Arp/IRegistrar.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Common;
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Ns;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Arp
+{
+    public interface IRegistrar
+    {
+        public Result Issue(out ulong applicationInstanceId);
+        public Result SetApplicationLaunchProperty(ApplicationLaunchProperty applicationLaunchProperty);
+        public Result SetApplicationControlProperty(in ApplicationControlProperty applicationControlProperty);
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Horizon/Sdk/Arp/IUnregistrationNotifier.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Common;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Arp
+{
+    public interface IUnregistrationNotifier
+    {
+        public Result GetReadableHandle(out int readableHandle);
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Horizon/Sdk/Arp/IUpdater.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Common;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Arp
+{
+    public interface IUpdater
+    {
+        public Result Issue();
+        public Result SetApplicationProcessProperty(ulong pid, ApplicationProcessProperty applicationProcessProperty);
+        public Result DeleteApplicationProcessProperty();
+        public Result SetApplicationCertificate(ApplicationCertificate applicationCertificate);
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Horizon/Sdk/Arp/IWriter.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Common;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Arp
+{
+    public interface IWriter
+    {
+        public Result AcquireRegistrar(out IRegistrar registrar);
+        public Result UnregisterApplicationInstance(ulong applicationInstanceId);
+        public Result AcquireApplicationProcessPropertyUpdater(out IUpdater updater, ulong applicationInstanceId);
+        public Result AcquireApplicationCertificateUpdater(out IUpdater updater, ulong applicationInstanceId);
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Horizon/Sdk/Ncm/ApplicationId.cs

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 namespace Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Ncm
 {
-    readonly struct ApplicationId
+    public readonly struct ApplicationId
     {
         public readonly ulong Id;
 

src/Ryujinx.Horizon/Sdk/Ncm/StorageId.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+namespace Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Ncm
+{
+    public enum StorageId : byte
+    {
+        None,
+        Host,
+        GameCard,
+        BuiltInSystem,
+        BuiltInUser,
+        SdCard,
+        Any,
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Horizon/Sdk/Ns/ApplicationControlProperty.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,309 @@
+using Ryujinx.Common.Memory;
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Arp.Detail;
+using System;
+using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
+using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
+using System.Text;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Ns
+{
+    public struct ApplicationControlProperty
+    {
+        public Array16<ApplicationTitle> Title;
+        public Array37<byte> Isbn;
+        public StartupUserAccountValue StartupUserAccount;
+        public UserAccountSwitchLockValue UserAccountSwitchLock;
+        public AddOnContentRegistrationTypeValue AddOnContentRegistrationType;
+        public AttributeFlagValue AttributeFlag;
+        public uint SupportedLanguageFlag;
+        public ParentalControlFlagValue ParentalControlFlag;
+        public ScreenshotValue Screenshot;
+        public VideoCaptureValue VideoCapture;
+        public DataLossConfirmationValue DataLossConfirmation;
+        public PlayLogPolicyValue PlayLogPolicy;
+        public ulong PresenceGroupId;
+        public Array32<sbyte> RatingAge;
+        public Array16<byte> DisplayVersion;
+        public ulong AddOnContentBaseId;
+        public ulong SaveDataOwnerId;
+        public long UserAccountSaveDataSize;
+        public long UserAccountSaveDataJournalSize;
+        public long DeviceSaveDataSize;
+        public long DeviceSaveDataJournalSize;
+        public long BcatDeliveryCacheStorageSize;
+        public Array8<byte> ApplicationErrorCodeCategory;
+        public Array8<ulong> LocalCommunicationId;
+        public LogoTypeValue LogoType;
+        public LogoHandlingValue LogoHandling;
+        public RuntimeAddOnContentInstallValue RuntimeAddOnContentInstall;
+        public RuntimeParameterDeliveryValue RuntimeParameterDelivery;
+        public Array2<byte> Reserved30F4;
+        public CrashReportValue CrashReport;
+        public HdcpValue Hdcp;
+        public ulong SeedForPseudoDeviceId;
+        public Array65<byte> BcatPassphrase;
+        public StartupUserAccountOptionFlagValue StartupUserAccountOption;
+        public Array6<byte> ReservedForUserAccountSaveDataOperation;
+        public long UserAccountSaveDataSizeMax;
+        public long UserAccountSaveDataJournalSizeMax;
+        public long DeviceSaveDataSizeMax;
+        public long DeviceSaveDataJournalSizeMax;
+        public long TemporaryStorageSize;
+        public long CacheStorageSize;
+        public long CacheStorageJournalSize;
+        public long CacheStorageDataAndJournalSizeMax;
+        public ushort CacheStorageIndexMax;
+        public byte Reserved318A;
+        public byte RuntimeUpgrade;
+        public uint SupportingLimitedLicenses;
+        public Array16<ulong> PlayLogQueryableApplicationId;
+        public PlayLogQueryCapabilityValue PlayLogQueryCapability;
+        public RepairFlagValue RepairFlag;
+        public byte ProgramIndex;
+        public RequiredNetworkServiceLicenseOnLaunchValue RequiredNetworkServiceLicenseOnLaunchFlag;
+        public Array4<byte> Reserved3214;
+        public ApplicationNeighborDetectionClientConfiguration NeighborDetectionClientConfiguration;
+        public ApplicationJitConfiguration JitConfiguration;
+        public RequiredAddOnContentsSetBinaryDescriptor RequiredAddOnContentsSetBinaryDescriptors;
+        public PlayReportPermissionValue PlayReportPermission;
+        public CrashScreenshotForProdValue CrashScreenshotForProd;
+        public CrashScreenshotForDevValue CrashScreenshotForDev;
+        public byte ContentsAvailabilityTransitionPolicy;
+        public Array4<byte> Reserved3404;
+        public AccessibleLaunchRequiredVersionValue AccessibleLaunchRequiredVersion;
+        public ByteArray3000 Reserved3448;
+
+        public readonly string IsbnString => Encoding.UTF8.GetString(Isbn.AsSpan()).TrimEnd('\0');
+        public readonly string DisplayVersionString => Encoding.UTF8.GetString(DisplayVersion.AsSpan()).TrimEnd('\0');
+        public readonly string ApplicationErrorCodeCategoryString => Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ApplicationErrorCodeCategory.AsSpan()).TrimEnd('\0');
+        public readonly string BcatPassphraseString => Encoding.UTF8.GetString(BcatPassphrase.AsSpan()).TrimEnd('\0');
+
+        public struct ApplicationTitle
+        {
+            public ByteArray512 Name;
+            public Array256<byte> Publisher;
+
+            public readonly string NameString => Encoding.UTF8.GetString(Name.AsSpan()).TrimEnd('\0');
+            public readonly string PublisherString => Encoding.UTF8.GetString(Publisher.AsSpan()).TrimEnd('\0');
+        }
+
+        public struct ApplicationNeighborDetectionClientConfiguration
+        {
+            public ApplicationNeighborDetectionGroupConfiguration SendGroupConfiguration;
+            public Array16<ApplicationNeighborDetectionGroupConfiguration> ReceivableGroupConfigurations;
+        }
+
+        public struct ApplicationNeighborDetectionGroupConfiguration
+        {
+            public ulong GroupId;
+            public Array16<byte> Key;
+        }
+
+        public struct ApplicationJitConfiguration
+        {
+            public JitConfigurationFlag Flags;
+            public long MemorySize;
+        }
+
+        public struct RequiredAddOnContentsSetBinaryDescriptor
+        {
+            public Array32<ushort> Descriptors;
+        }
+
+        public struct AccessibleLaunchRequiredVersionValue
+        {
+            public Array8<ulong> ApplicationId;
+        }
+
+        public enum Language
+        {
+            AmericanEnglish = 0,
+            BritishEnglish = 1,
+            Japanese = 2,
+            French = 3,
+            German = 4,
+            LatinAmericanSpanish = 5,
+            Spanish = 6,
+            Italian = 7,
+            Dutch = 8,
+            CanadianFrench = 9,
+            Portuguese = 10,
+            Russian = 11,
+            Korean = 12,
+            TraditionalChinese = 13,
+            SimplifiedChinese = 14,
+            BrazilianPortuguese = 15,
+        }
+
+        public enum Organization
+        {
+            CERO = 0,
+            GRACGCRB = 1,
+            GSRMR = 2,
+            ESRB = 3,
+            ClassInd = 4,
+            USK = 5,
+            PEGI = 6,
+            PEGIPortugal = 7,
+            PEGIBBFC = 8,
+            Russian = 9,
+            ACB = 10,
+            OFLC = 11,
+            IARCGeneric = 12,
+        }
+
+        public enum StartupUserAccountValue : byte
+        {
+            None = 0,
+            Required = 1,
+            RequiredWithNetworkServiceAccountAvailable = 2,
+        }
+
+        public enum UserAccountSwitchLockValue : byte
+        {
+            Disable = 0,
+            Enable = 1,
+        }
+
+        public enum AddOnContentRegistrationTypeValue : byte
+        {
+            AllOnLaunch = 0,
+            OnDemand = 1,
+        }
+
+        [Flags]
+        public enum AttributeFlagValue
+        {
+            None = 0,
+            Demo = 1 << 0,
+            RetailInteractiveDisplay = 1 << 1,
+        }
+
+        public enum ParentalControlFlagValue
+        {
+            None = 0,
+            FreeCommunication = 1,
+        }
+
+        public enum ScreenshotValue : byte
+        {
+            Allow = 0,
+            Deny = 1,
+        }
+
+        public enum VideoCaptureValue : byte
+        {
+            Disable = 0,
+            Manual = 1,
+            Enable = 2,
+        }
+
+        public enum DataLossConfirmationValue : byte
+        {
+            None = 0,
+            Required = 1,
+        }
+
+        public enum PlayLogPolicyValue : byte
+        {
+            Open = 0,
+            LogOnly = 1,
+            None = 2,
+            Closed = 3,
+            All = Open,
+        }
+
+        public enum LogoTypeValue : byte
+        {
+            LicensedByNintendo = 0,
+            DistributedByNintendo = 1,
+            Nintendo = 2,
+        }
+
+        public enum LogoHandlingValue : byte
+        {
+            Auto = 0,
+            Manual = 1,
+        }
+
+        public enum RuntimeAddOnContentInstallValue : byte
+        {
+            Deny = 0,
+            AllowAppend = 1,
+            AllowAppendButDontDownloadWhenUsingNetwork = 2,
+        }
+
+        public enum RuntimeParameterDeliveryValue : byte
+        {
+            Always = 0,
+            AlwaysIfUserStateMatched = 1,
+            OnRestart = 2,
+        }
+
+        public enum CrashReportValue : byte
+        {
+            Deny = 0,
+            Allow = 1,
+        }
+
+        public enum HdcpValue : byte
+        {
+            None = 0,
+            Required = 1,
+        }
+
+        [Flags]
+        public enum StartupUserAccountOptionFlagValue : byte
+        {
+            None = 0,
+            IsOptional = 1 << 0,
+        }
+
+        public enum PlayLogQueryCapabilityValue : byte
+        {
+            None = 0,
+            WhiteList = 1,
+            All = 2,
+        }
+
+        [Flags]
+        public enum RepairFlagValue : byte
+        {
+            None = 0,
+            SuppressGameCardAccess = 1 << 0,
+        }
+
+        [Flags]
+        public enum RequiredNetworkServiceLicenseOnLaunchValue : byte
+        {
+            None = 0,
+            Common = 1 << 0,
+        }
+
+        [Flags]
+        public enum JitConfigurationFlag : ulong
+        {
+            None = 0,
+            Enabled = 1 << 0,
+        }
+
+        [Flags]
+        public enum PlayReportPermissionValue : byte
+        {
+            None = 0,
+            TargetMarketing = 1 << 0,
+        }
+
+        public enum CrashScreenshotForProdValue : byte
+        {
+            Deny = 0,
+            Allow = 1,
+        }
+
+        public enum CrashScreenshotForDevValue : byte
+        {
+            Deny = 0,
+            Allow = 1,
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Horizon/Sdk/ServiceUtil.cs

@@ -35,5 +35,254 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk
 
             return CmifMessage.ParseResponse(out response, HorizonStatic.AddressSpace.GetWritableRegion(tlsAddress, tlsSize).Memory.Span, false, 0);
         }
+
+        public static Result SendRequest(
+            out CmifResponse response,
+            int sessionHandle,
+            uint requestId,
+            bool sendPid,
+            scoped ReadOnlySpan<byte> data,
+            ReadOnlySpan<HipcBufferFlags> bufferFlags,
+            ReadOnlySpan<PointerAndSize> buffers)
+        {
+            ulong tlsAddress = HorizonStatic.ThreadContext.TlsAddress;
+            int tlsSize = Api.TlsMessageBufferSize;
+
+            using (var tlsRegion = HorizonStatic.AddressSpace.GetWritableRegion(tlsAddress, tlsSize))
+            {
+                CmifRequestFormat format = new()
+                {
+                    DataSize = data.Length,
+                    RequestId = requestId,
+                    SendPid = sendPid,
+                };
+
+                for (int index = 0; index < bufferFlags.Length; index++)
+                {
+                    FormatProcessBuffer(ref format, bufferFlags[index]);
+                }
+
+                CmifRequest request = CmifMessage.CreateRequest(tlsRegion.Memory.Span, format);
+
+                for (int index = 0; index < buffers.Length; index++)
+                {
+                    RequestProcessBuffer(ref request, buffers[index], bufferFlags[index]);
+                }
+
+                data.CopyTo(request.Data);
+            }
+
+            Result result = HorizonStatic.Syscall.SendSyncRequest(sessionHandle);
+
+            if (result.IsFailure)
+            {
+                response = default;
+
+                return result;
+            }
+
+            return CmifMessage.ParseResponse(out response, HorizonStatic.AddressSpace.GetWritableRegion(tlsAddress, tlsSize).Memory.Span, false, 0);
+        }
+
+        private static void FormatProcessBuffer(ref CmifRequestFormat format, HipcBufferFlags flags)
+        {
+            if (flags == 0)
+            {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            bool isIn = flags.HasFlag(HipcBufferFlags.In);
+            bool isOut = flags.HasFlag(HipcBufferFlags.Out);
+
+            if (flags.HasFlag(HipcBufferFlags.AutoSelect))
+            {
+                if (isIn)
+                {
+                    format.InAutoBuffersCount++;
+                }
+
+                if (isOut)
+                {
+                    format.OutAutoBuffersCount++;
+                }
+            }
+            else if (flags.HasFlag(HipcBufferFlags.Pointer))
+            {
+                if (isIn)
+                {
+                    format.InPointersCount++;
+                }
+
+                if (isOut)
+                {
+                    if (flags.HasFlag(HipcBufferFlags.FixedSize))
+                    {
+                        format.OutFixedPointersCount++;
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        format.OutPointersCount++;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            else if (flags.HasFlag(HipcBufferFlags.MapAlias))
+            {
+                if (isIn && isOut)
+                {
+                    format.InOutBuffersCount++;
+                }
+                else if (isIn)
+                {
+                    format.InBuffersCount++;
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    format.OutBuffersCount++;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        private static void RequestProcessBuffer(ref CmifRequest request, PointerAndSize buffer, HipcBufferFlags flags)
+        {
+            if (flags == 0)
+            {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            bool isIn = flags.HasFlag(HipcBufferFlags.In);
+            bool isOut = flags.HasFlag(HipcBufferFlags.Out);
+
+            if (flags.HasFlag(HipcBufferFlags.AutoSelect))
+            {
+                HipcBufferMode mode = HipcBufferMode.Normal;
+
+                if (flags.HasFlag(HipcBufferFlags.MapTransferAllowsNonSecure))
+                {
+                    mode = HipcBufferMode.NonSecure;
+                }
+
+                if (flags.HasFlag(HipcBufferFlags.MapTransferAllowsNonDevice))
+                {
+                    mode = HipcBufferMode.NonDevice;
+                }
+
+                if (isIn)
+                {
+                    RequestInAutoBuffer(ref request, buffer.Address, buffer.Size, mode);
+                }
+
+                if (isOut)
+                {
+                    RequestOutAutoBuffer(ref request, buffer.Address, buffer.Size, mode);
+                }
+            }
+            else if (flags.HasFlag(HipcBufferFlags.Pointer))
+            {
+                if (isIn)
+                {
+                    RequestInPointer(ref request, buffer.Address, buffer.Size);
+                }
+
+                if (isOut)
+                {
+                    if (flags.HasFlag(HipcBufferFlags.FixedSize))
+                    {
+                        RequestOutFixedPointer(ref request, buffer.Address, buffer.Size);
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        RequestOutPointer(ref request, buffer.Address, buffer.Size);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            else if (flags.HasFlag(HipcBufferFlags.MapAlias))
+            {
+                HipcBufferMode mode = HipcBufferMode.Normal;
+
+                if (flags.HasFlag(HipcBufferFlags.MapTransferAllowsNonSecure))
+                {
+                    mode = HipcBufferMode.NonSecure;
+                }
+
+                if (flags.HasFlag(HipcBufferFlags.MapTransferAllowsNonDevice))
+                {
+                    mode = HipcBufferMode.NonDevice;
+                }
+
+                if (isIn && isOut)
+                {
+                    RequestInOutBuffer(ref request, buffer.Address, buffer.Size, mode);
+                }
+                else if (isIn)
+                {
+                    RequestInBuffer(ref request, buffer.Address, buffer.Size, mode);
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    RequestOutBuffer(ref request, buffer.Address, buffer.Size, mode);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        private static void RequestInAutoBuffer(ref CmifRequest request, ulong bufferAddress, ulong bufferSize, HipcBufferMode mode)
+        {
+            if (request.ServerPointerSize != 0 && bufferSize <= (ulong)request.ServerPointerSize)
+            {
+                RequestInPointer(ref request, bufferAddress, bufferSize);
+                RequestInBuffer(ref request, 0UL, 0UL, mode);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                RequestInPointer(ref request, 0UL, 0UL);
+                RequestInBuffer(ref request, bufferAddress, bufferSize, mode);
+            }
+        }
+
+        private static void RequestOutAutoBuffer(ref CmifRequest request, ulong bufferAddress, ulong bufferSize, HipcBufferMode mode)
+        {
+            if (request.ServerPointerSize != 0 && bufferSize <= (ulong)request.ServerPointerSize)
+            {
+                RequestOutPointer(ref request, bufferAddress, bufferSize);
+                RequestOutBuffer(ref request, 0UL, 0UL, mode);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                RequestOutPointer(ref request, 0UL, 0UL);
+                RequestOutBuffer(ref request, bufferAddress, bufferSize, mode);
+            }
+        }
+
+        private static void RequestInBuffer(ref CmifRequest request, ulong bufferAddress, ulong bufferSize, HipcBufferMode mode)
+        {
+            request.Hipc.SendBuffers[request.SendBufferIndex++] = new HipcBufferDescriptor(bufferAddress, bufferSize, mode);
+        }
+
+        private static void RequestOutBuffer(ref CmifRequest request, ulong bufferAddress, ulong bufferSize, HipcBufferMode mode)
+        {
+            request.Hipc.ReceiveBuffers[request.RecvBufferIndex++] = new HipcBufferDescriptor(bufferAddress, bufferSize, mode);
+        }
+
+        private static void RequestInOutBuffer(ref CmifRequest request, ulong bufferAddress, ulong bufferSize, HipcBufferMode mode)
+        {
+            request.Hipc.ExchangeBuffers[request.ExchBufferIndex++] = new HipcBufferDescriptor(bufferAddress, bufferSize, mode);
+        }
+
+        private static void RequestInPointer(ref CmifRequest request, ulong bufferAddress, ulong bufferSize)
+        {
+            request.Hipc.SendStatics[request.SendStaticIndex++] = new HipcStaticDescriptor(bufferAddress, (ushort)bufferSize, request.CurrentInPointerId++);
+            request.ServerPointerSize -= (int)bufferSize;
+        }
+
+        private static void RequestOutFixedPointer(ref CmifRequest request, ulong bufferAddress, ulong bufferSize)
+        {
+            request.Hipc.ReceiveList[request.RecvListIndex++] = new HipcReceiveListEntry(bufferAddress, (ushort)bufferSize);
+            request.ServerPointerSize -= (int)bufferSize;
+        }
+
+        private static void RequestOutPointer(ref CmifRequest request, ulong bufferAddress, ulong bufferSize)
+        {
+            RequestOutFixedPointer(ref request, bufferAddress, bufferSize);
+            request.OutPointerSizes[request.OutPointerSizeIndex++] = (ushort)bufferSize;
+        }
     }
 }

src/Ryujinx.Horizon/Sdk/Sf/Cmif/CmifRequest.cs

@@ -10,5 +10,12 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Sf.Cmif
         public Span<ushort> OutPointerSizes;
         public Span<uint> Objects;
         public int ServerPointerSize;
+        public int CurrentInPointerId;
+        public int SendBufferIndex;
+        public int RecvBufferIndex;
+        public int ExchBufferIndex;
+        public int SendStaticIndex;
+        public int RecvListIndex;
+        public int OutPointerSizeIndex;
     }
 }

src/Ryujinx.Horizon/Sdk/Sf/Hipc/HipcBufferDescriptor.cs

@@ -11,5 +11,12 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Sf.Hipc
         public ulong Address => _addressLow | (((ulong)_word2 << 4) & 0xf00000000UL) | (((ulong)_word2 << 34) & 0x7000000000UL);
         public ulong Size => _sizeLow | ((ulong)_word2 << 8) & 0xf00000000UL;
         public HipcBufferMode Mode => (HipcBufferMode)(_word2 & 3);
+
+        public HipcBufferDescriptor(ulong address, ulong size, HipcBufferMode mode)
+        {
+            _sizeLow = (uint)size;
+            _addressLow = (uint)address;
+            _word2 = (uint)mode | ((uint)(address >> 34) & 0x1c) | ((uint)(size >> 32) << 24) | ((uint)(address >> 4) & 0xf0000000);
+        }
     }
 }

src/Ryujinx.Horizon/ServiceTable.cs

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Arp;
 using Ryujinx.Horizon.Bcat;
 using Ryujinx.Horizon.Hshl;
 using Ryujinx.Horizon.Ins;
@@ -8,6 +9,7 @@ using Ryujinx.Horizon.Ngc;
 using Ryujinx.Horizon.Ovln;
 using Ryujinx.Horizon.Prepo;
 using Ryujinx.Horizon.Psc;
+using Ryujinx.Horizon.Sdk.Arp;
 using Ryujinx.Horizon.Srepo;
 using Ryujinx.Horizon.Usb;
 using Ryujinx.Horizon.Wlan;
@@ -23,6 +25,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Horizon
 
         private readonly ManualResetEvent _servicesReadyEvent = new(false);
 
+        public IReader ArpReader { get; internal set; }
+        public IWriter ArpWriter { get; internal set; }
+
         public IEnumerable<ServiceEntry> GetServices(HorizonOptions options)
         {
             List<ServiceEntry> entries = new();
@@ -32,6 +37,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Horizon
                 entries.Add(new ServiceEntry(T.Main, this, options));
             }
 
+            RegisterService<ArpMain>();
             RegisterService<BcatMain>();
             RegisterService<HshlMain>();
             RegisterService<InsMain>();

src/Ryujinx.Tests/Cpu/CpuTestSimdShImm.cs

@@ -311,6 +311,46 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Tests.Cpu
             };
         }
 
+        private static uint[] _ShlImm_S_D_()
+        {
+            return new[]
+            {
+                0x5F407400u, // SQSHL D0, D0, #0
+            };
+        }
+
+        private static uint[] _ShlImm_V_8B_16B_()
+        {
+            return new[]
+            {
+                0x0F087400u, // SQSHL V0.8B, V0.8B, #0
+            };
+        }
+
+        private static uint[] _ShlImm_V_4H_8H_()
+        {
+            return new[]
+            {
+                0x0F107400u, // SQSHL V0.4H, V0.4H, #0
+            };
+        }
+
+        private static uint[] _ShlImm_V_2S_4S_()
+        {
+            return new[]
+            {
+                0x0F207400u, // SQSHL V0.2S, V0.2S, #0
+            };
+        }
+
+        private static uint[] _ShlImm_V_2D_()
+        {
+            return new[]
+            {
+                0x4F407400u, // SQSHL V0.2D, V0.2D, #0
+            };
+        }
+
         private static uint[] _ShrImm_Sri_S_D_()
         {
             return new[]
@@ -813,6 +853,117 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Tests.Cpu
             CompareAgainstUnicorn();
         }
 
+        [Test, Pairwise]
+        public void ShlImm_S_D([ValueSource(nameof(_ShlImm_S_D_))] uint opcodes,
+                               [Values(0u)] uint rd,
+                               [Values(1u, 0u)] uint rn,
+                               [ValueSource(nameof(_1D_))] ulong z,
+                               [ValueSource(nameof(_1D_))] ulong a,
+                               [Values(1u, 64u)] uint shift)
+        {
+            uint immHb = (64 + shift) & 0x7F;
+
+            opcodes |= ((rn & 31) << 5) | ((rd & 31) << 0);
+            opcodes |= (immHb << 16);
+
+            V128 v0 = MakeVectorE0E1(z, z);
+            V128 v1 = MakeVectorE0(a);
+
+            SingleOpcode(opcodes, v0: v0, v1: v1);
+
+            CompareAgainstUnicorn();
+        }
+
+        [Test, Pairwise]
+        public void ShlImm_V_8B_16B([ValueSource(nameof(_ShlImm_V_8B_16B_))] uint opcodes,
+                                    [Values(0u)] uint rd,
+                                    [Values(1u, 0u)] uint rn,
+                                    [ValueSource(nameof(_8B_))] ulong z,
+                                    [ValueSource(nameof(_8B_))] ulong a,
+                                    [Values(1u, 8u)] uint shift,
+                                    [Values(0b0u, 0b1u)] uint q) // <8B, 16B>
+        {
+            uint immHb = (8 + shift) & 0x7F;
+
+            opcodes |= ((rn & 31) << 5) | ((rd & 31) << 0);
+            opcodes |= (immHb << 16);
+            opcodes |= ((q & 1) << 30);
+
+            V128 v0 = MakeVectorE0E1(z, z);
+            V128 v1 = MakeVectorE0E1(a, a * q);
+
+            SingleOpcode(opcodes, v0: v0, v1: v1);
+
+            CompareAgainstUnicorn();
+        }
+
+        [Test, Pairwise]
+        public void ShlImm_V_4H_8H([ValueSource(nameof(_ShlImm_V_4H_8H_))] uint opcodes,
+                                   [Values(0u)] uint rd,
+                                   [Values(1u, 0u)] uint rn,
+                                   [ValueSource(nameof(_4H_))] ulong z,
+                                   [ValueSource(nameof(_4H_))] ulong a,
+                                   [Values(1u, 16u)] uint shift,
+                                   [Values(0b0u, 0b1u)] uint q) // <4H, 8H>
+        {
+            uint immHb = (16 + shift) & 0x7F;
+
+            opcodes |= ((rn & 31) << 5) | ((rd & 31) << 0);
+            opcodes |= (immHb << 16);
+            opcodes |= ((q & 1) << 30);
+
+            V128 v0 = MakeVectorE0E1(z, z);
+            V128 v1 = MakeVectorE0E1(a, a * q);
+
+            SingleOpcode(opcodes, v0: v0, v1: v1);
+
+            CompareAgainstUnicorn();
+        }
+
+        [Test, Pairwise]
+        public void ShlImm_V_2S_4S([ValueSource(nameof(_ShlImm_V_2S_4S_))] uint opcodes,
+                                   [Values(0u)] uint rd,
+                                   [Values(1u, 0u)] uint rn,
+                                   [ValueSource(nameof(_2S_))] ulong z,
+                                   [ValueSource(nameof(_2S_))] ulong a,
+                                   [Values(1u, 32u)] uint shift,
+                                   [Values(0b0u, 0b1u)] uint q) // <2S, 4S>
+        {
+            uint immHb = (32 + shift) & 0x7F;
+
+            opcodes |= ((rn & 31) << 5) | ((rd & 31) << 0);
+            opcodes |= (immHb << 16);
+            opcodes |= (((q | (immHb >> 6)) & 1) << 30);
+
+            V128 v0 = MakeVectorE0E1(z, z);
+            V128 v1 = MakeVectorE0E1(a, a * q);
+
+            SingleOpcode(opcodes, v0: v0, v1: v1);
+
+            CompareAgainstUnicorn();
+        }
+
+        [Test, Pairwise]
+        public void ShlImm_V_2D([ValueSource(nameof(_ShlImm_V_2D_))] uint opcodes,
+                                [Values(0u)] uint rd,
+                                [Values(1u, 0u)] uint rn,
+                                [ValueSource(nameof(_1D_))] ulong z,
+                                [ValueSource(nameof(_1D_))] ulong a,
+                                [Values(1u, 64u)] uint shift)
+        {
+            uint immHb = (64 + shift) & 0x7F;
+
+            opcodes |= ((rn & 31) << 5) | ((rd & 31) << 0);
+            opcodes |= (immHb << 16);
+
+            V128 v0 = MakeVectorE0E1(z, z);
+            V128 v1 = MakeVectorE0E1(a, a);
+
+            SingleOpcode(opcodes, v0: v0, v1: v1);
+
+            CompareAgainstUnicorn();
+        }
+
         [Test, Pairwise]
         public void ShrImm_Sri_S_D([ValueSource(nameof(_ShrImm_Sri_S_D_))] uint opcodes,
                                    [Values(0u)] uint rd,

src/Ryujinx.Ui.Common/Helper/ShortcutHelper.cs

@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ui.Common.Helper
         {
             string basePath = Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "Ryujinx");
             var plistFile = EmbeddedResources.ReadAllText("Ryujinx.Ui.Common/shortcut-template.plist");
+            var shortcutScript = EmbeddedResources.ReadAllText("Ryujinx.Ui.Common/shortcut-launch-script.sh");
             // Macos .App folder
             string contentFolderPath = Path.Combine("/Applications", cleanedAppName + ".app", "Contents");
             string scriptFolderPath = Path.Combine(contentFolderPath, "MacOS");
@@ -68,8 +69,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ui.Common.Helper
             string scriptPath = Path.Combine(scriptFolderPath, ScriptName);
             using StreamWriter scriptFile = new(scriptPath);
 
-            scriptFile.WriteLine("#!/bin/sh");
-            scriptFile.WriteLine($"{basePath} {GetArgsString(appFilePath)}");
+            scriptFile.Write(shortcutScript, basePath, GetArgsString(appFilePath));
 
             // Set execute permission
             FileInfo fileInfo = new(scriptPath);

src/Ryujinx.Ui.Common/Ryujinx.Ui.Common.csproj

@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@
 
   <ItemGroup Condition="'$(RuntimeIdentifier)' == 'osx-x64' OR '$(RuntimeIdentifier)' == 'osx-arm64' OR '$(RuntimeIdentifier)' == ''">
     <EmbeddedResource Include="..\..\distribution\macos\shortcut-template.plist" />
+    <EmbeddedResource Include="..\..\distribution\macos\shortcut-launch-script.sh" />
   </ItemGroup>
 
   <ItemGroup>