Implement p2rc, p2ri, p2rr and r2p.cc shaders (#5031)

* implement P2rC, P2rI, P2rR shaders

* implement R2p.CC shader

* bump CodeGenVersion

* address feedback

src/Ryujinx.Ava/Assets/Locales/en_US.json

@@ -216,26 +216,17 @@
   "ControllerSettingsDPadDown": "Down",
   "ControllerSettingsDPadLeft": "Left",
   "ControllerSettingsDPadRight": "Right",
+  "ControllerSettingsStickButton": "Button",
+  "ControllerSettingsStickUp": "Up",
+  "ControllerSettingsStickDown": "Down",
+  "ControllerSettingsStickLeft": "Left",
+  "ControllerSettingsStickRight": "Right",
+  "ControllerSettingsStickStick": "Stick",
+  "ControllerSettingsStickInvertXAxis": "Invert Stick X",
+  "ControllerSettingsStickInvertYAxis": "Invert Stick Y",
+  "ControllerSettingsStickDeadzone": "Deadzone:",
   "ControllerSettingsLStick": "Left Stick",
-  "ControllerSettingsLStickButton": "Button",
-  "ControllerSettingsLStickUp": "Up",
-  "ControllerSettingsLStickDown": "Down",
-  "ControllerSettingsLStickLeft": "Left",
-  "ControllerSettingsLStickRight": "Right",
-  "ControllerSettingsLStickStick": "Stick",
-  "ControllerSettingsLStickInvertXAxis": "Invert Stick X",
-  "ControllerSettingsLStickInvertYAxis": "Invert Stick Y",
-  "ControllerSettingsLStickDeadzone": "Deadzone:",
   "ControllerSettingsRStick": "Right Stick",
-  "ControllerSettingsRStickButton": "Button",
-  "ControllerSettingsRStickUp": "Up",
-  "ControllerSettingsRStickDown": "Down",
-  "ControllerSettingsRStickLeft": "Left",
-  "ControllerSettingsRStickRight": "Right",
-  "ControllerSettingsRStickStick": "Stick",
-  "ControllerSettingsRStickInvertXAxis": "Invert Stick X",
-  "ControllerSettingsRStickInvertYAxis": "Invert Stick Y",
-  "ControllerSettingsRStickDeadzone": "Deadzone:",
   "ControllerSettingsTriggersLeft": "Triggers Left",
   "ControllerSettingsTriggersRight": "Triggers Right",
   "ControllerSettingsTriggersButtonsLeft": "Trigger Buttons Left",
@@ -647,4 +638,4 @@
   "NetworkInterfaceTooltip": "The network interface used for LAN features",
   "NetworkInterfaceDefault": "Default",
   "PackagingShaders": "Packaging Shaders"
-}
+}

src/Ryujinx.Ava/UI/ViewModels/ControllerInputViewModel.cs

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ using Ryujinx.Ava.Common.Locale;
 using Ryujinx.Ava.Input;
 using Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Helpers;
 using Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Models;
+using Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Views.Input;
 using Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Windows;
 using Ryujinx.Common;
 using Ryujinx.Common.Configuration;
@@ -30,7 +31,7 @@ using Key = Ryujinx.Common.Configuration.Hid.Key;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.ViewModels
 {
-    public class ControllerSettingsViewModel : BaseModel, IDisposable
+    public class ControllerInputViewModel : BaseModel, IDisposable
     {
         private const string Disabled = "disabled";
         private const string ProControllerResource = "Ryujinx.Ui.Common/Resources/Controller_ProCon.svg";
@@ -231,7 +232,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.ViewModels
 
         public InputConfig Config { get; set; }
 
-        public ControllerSettingsViewModel(UserControl owner) : this()
+        public ControllerInputViewModel(UserControl owner) : this()
         {
             _owner = owner;
 
@@ -258,7 +259,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.ViewModels
             }
         }
 
-        public ControllerSettingsViewModel()
+        public ControllerInputViewModel()
         {
             PlayerIndexes = new ObservableCollection<PlayerModel>();
             Controllers = new ObservableCollection<ControllerModel>();
@@ -328,12 +329,12 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.ViewModels
 
         public async void ShowMotionConfig()
         {
-            await MotionSettingsWindow.Show(this);
+            await MotionInputView.Show(this);
         }
 
         public async void ShowRumbleConfig()
         {
-            await RumbleSettingsWindow.Show(this);
+            await RumbleInputView.Show(this);
         }
 
         private void LoadInputDriver()

src/Ryujinx.Ava/UI/ViewModels/MotionInputViewModel.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.ViewModels
+{
+    public class MotionInputViewModel : BaseModel
+    {
+        private int _slot;
+        public int Slot
+        {
+            get => _slot;
+            set
+            {
+                _slot = value;
+                OnPropertyChanged();
+            }
+        }
+
+        private int _altSlot;
+        public int AltSlot
+        {
+            get => _altSlot;
+            set
+            {
+                _altSlot = value;
+                OnPropertyChanged();
+            }
+        }
+
+        private string _dsuServerHost;
+        public string DsuServerHost
+        {
+            get => _dsuServerHost;
+            set
+            {
+                _dsuServerHost = value;
+                OnPropertyChanged();
+            }
+        }
+
+        private int _dsuServerPort;
+        public int DsuServerPort
+        {
+            get => _dsuServerPort;
+            set
+            {
+                _dsuServerPort = value;
+                OnPropertyChanged();
+            }
+        }
+
+        private bool _mirrorInput;
+        public bool MirrorInput
+        {
+            get => _mirrorInput;
+            set
+            {
+                _mirrorInput = value;
+                OnPropertyChanged();
+            }
+        }
+
+        private int _sensitivity;
+        public int Sensitivity
+        {
+            get => _sensitivity;
+            set
+            {
+                _sensitivity = value;
+                OnPropertyChanged();
+            }
+        }
+
+        private double _gryoDeadzone;
+        public double GyroDeadzone
+        {
+            get => _gryoDeadzone;
+            set
+            {
+                _gryoDeadzone = value;
+                OnPropertyChanged();
+            }
+        }
+
+        private bool _enableCemuHookMotion;
+        public bool EnableCemuHookMotion
+        {
+            get => _enableCemuHookMotion;
+            set
+            {
+                _enableCemuHookMotion = value;
+                OnPropertyChanged();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Ava/UI/ViewModels/RumbleInputViewModel.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.ViewModels
+{
+    public class RumbleInputViewModel : BaseModel
+    {
+        private float _strongRumble;
+        public float StrongRumble
+        {
+            get => _strongRumble;
+            set
+            {
+                _strongRumble = value;
+                OnPropertyChanged();
+            }
+        }
+
+        private float _weakRumble;
+        public float WeakRumble
+        {
+            get => _weakRumble;
+            set
+            {
+                _weakRumble = value;
+                OnPropertyChanged();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Ava/UI/ViewModels/SettingsViewModel.cs

@@ -311,7 +311,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.ViewModels
         {
             _gpuIds = new List<string>();
             List<string> names = new();
-            var devices = VulkanRenderer.GetPhysicalDevices(Vk.GetApi());
+            var devices = VulkanRenderer.GetPhysicalDevices();
 
             if (devices.Length == 0)
             {

src/Ryujinx.Ava/UI/Views/Input/ControllerInputView.axaml.cs

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ using Avalonia.Input;
 using Avalonia.Interactivity;
 using Avalonia.LogicalTree;
 using Ryujinx.Ava.Common.Locale;
-using Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Controls;
 using Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Helpers;
 using Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Models;
 using Ryujinx.Ava.UI.ViewModels;
@@ -13,18 +12,18 @@ using Ryujinx.Input;
 using Ryujinx.Input.Assigner;
 using System;
 
-namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Windows
+namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Views.Input
 {
-    public partial class ControllerSettingsWindow : UserControl
+    public partial class ControllerInputView : UserControl
     {
         private bool _dialogOpen;
 
         private ButtonKeyAssigner _currentAssigner;
-        internal ControllerSettingsViewModel ViewModel { get; set; }
+        internal ControllerInputViewModel ViewModel { get; set; }
 
-        public ControllerSettingsWindow()
+        public ControllerInputView()
         {
-            DataContext = ViewModel = new ControllerSettingsViewModel(this);
+            DataContext = ViewModel = new ControllerInputViewModel(this);
 
             InitializeComponent();
 

src/Ryujinx.Ava/UI/Views/Input/MotionInputView.axaml

@@ -1,12 +1,15 @@
-<UserControl 
+<UserControl
     xmlns="https://github.com/avaloniaui"
     xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
     xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
     xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
     xmlns:ui="clr-namespace:FluentAvalonia.UI.Controls;assembly=FluentAvalonia"
     xmlns:locale="clr-namespace:Ryujinx.Ava.Common.Locale"
+    xmlns:viewModels="clr-namespace:Ryujinx.Ava.UI.ViewModels"
     mc:Ignorable="d"
-    x:Class="Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Windows.MotionSettingsWindow"
+    x:Class="Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Views.Input.MotionInputView"
+    x:CompileBindings="True"
+    x:DataType="viewModels:MotionInputViewModel"
     Focusable="True">
     <Grid Margin="10">
         <Grid.RowDefinitions>
@@ -14,7 +17,9 @@
             <RowDefinition />
         </Grid.RowDefinitions>
         <StackPanel Orientation="Vertical">
-            <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal" HorizontalAlignment="Center">
+            <StackPanel
+                Orientation="Horizontal"
+                HorizontalAlignment="Center">
                 <TextBlock
                     Margin="0"
                     HorizontalAlignment="Center"
@@ -28,11 +33,14 @@
                     Maximum="100"
                     Minimum="0"
                     Value="{Binding Sensitivity, Mode=TwoWay}" />
-                <TextBlock HorizontalAlignment="Center"
-                            Margin="5, 0"
-                            Text="{Binding Sensitivity, StringFormat=\{0:0\}%}" />
+                <TextBlock
+                    HorizontalAlignment="Center"
+                    Margin="5, 0"
+                    Text="{Binding Sensitivity, StringFormat=\{0:0\}%}" />
             </StackPanel>
-            <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal" HorizontalAlignment="Center">
+            <StackPanel
+                Orientation="Horizontal"
+                HorizontalAlignment="Center">
                 <TextBlock
                     Margin="0"
                     HorizontalAlignment="Center"
@@ -51,17 +59,25 @@
                     Margin="5, 0"
                     Text="{Binding GyroDeadzone, StringFormat=\{0:0.00\}}" />
             </StackPanel>
-            <Separator Height="1" Margin="0,5" />
-            <CheckBox Margin="5" IsChecked="{Binding EnableCemuHookMotion}">
-                <TextBlock Margin="0,3,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Center"
-                        Text="{locale:Locale ControllerSettingsMotionUseCemuhookCompatibleMotion}" />
+            <Separator
+                Height="1"
+                Margin="0,5" />
+            <CheckBox
+                Margin="5"
+                IsChecked="{Binding EnableCemuHookMotion}">
+                <TextBlock
+                    Margin="0,3,0,0"
+                    VerticalAlignment="Center"
+                    Text="{locale:Locale ControllerSettingsMotionUseCemuhookCompatibleMotion}" />
             </CheckBox>
         </StackPanel>
-        <Border Grid.Row="1"
-                Padding="20,5"
-                BorderBrush="{DynamicResource ThemeControlBorderColor}"
-                BorderThickness="1"
-                HorizontalAlignment="Stretch">
+        <Border
+            Grid.Row="1"
+            Padding="20,5"
+            BorderBrush="{DynamicResource ThemeControlBorderColor}"
+            BorderThickness="1"
+            CornerRadius="5"
+            HorizontalAlignment="Stretch">
             <Grid VerticalAlignment="Top">
                 <Grid.RowDefinitions>
                     <RowDefinition Height="Auto" />
@@ -109,30 +125,42 @@
                                 <ColumnDefinition />
                                 <ColumnDefinition />
                             </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
-                            <TextBlock Margin="0,10,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Center"
-                                       Text="{locale:Locale ControllerSettingsMotionControllerSlot}" />
-                            <ui:NumberBox Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="1"
-                                          Name="CemuHookSlotUpDown"
-                                          SmallChange="1"
-                                          LargeChange="1"
-                                          Maximum="4"
-                                          Minimum="0"
-                                          Value="{Binding Slot}" />
-                            <TextBlock Margin="0,10,0,0" Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="0" VerticalAlignment="Center"
-                                       Text="{locale:Locale ControllerSettingsMotionRightJoyConSlot}" />
-                            <ui:NumberBox Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="1"
-                                          Name="CemuHookRightJoyConSlotUpDown"
-                                          SmallChange="1"
-                                          LargeChange="1"
-                                          Maximum="4"
-                                          Minimum="0"
-                                          Value="{Binding AltSlot}" />
+                            <TextBlock
+                                Margin="0,10,0,0"
+                                VerticalAlignment="Center"
+                                Text="{locale:Locale ControllerSettingsMotionControllerSlot}" />
+                            <ui:NumberBox
+                                Grid.Row="0"
+                                Grid.Column="1"
+                                Name="CemuHookSlotUpDown"
+                                SmallChange="1"
+                                LargeChange="1"
+                                Maximum="4"
+                                Minimum="0"
+                                Value="{Binding Slot}" />
+                            <TextBlock
+                                Margin="0,10,0,0"
+                                Grid.Row="1"
+                                Grid.Column="0"
+                                VerticalAlignment="Center"
+                                Text="{locale:Locale ControllerSettingsMotionRightJoyConSlot}" />
+                            <ui:NumberBox
+                                Grid.Row="1"
+                                Grid.Column="1"
+                                Name="CemuHookRightJoyConSlotUpDown"
+                                SmallChange="1"
+                                LargeChange="1"
+                                Maximum="4"
+                                Minimum="0"
+                                Value="{Binding AltSlot}" />
                         </Grid>
                     </StackPanel>
-                    <CheckBox HorizontalAlignment="Center"
-                              IsChecked="{Binding MirrorInput, Mode=TwoWay}">
-                        <TextBlock HorizontalAlignment="Center"
-                                   Text="{locale:Locale ControllerSettingsMotionMirrorInput}" />
+                    <CheckBox
+                        HorizontalAlignment="Center"
+                        IsChecked="{Binding MirrorInput, Mode=TwoWay}">
+                        <TextBlock
+                            HorizontalAlignment="Center"
+                            Text="{locale:Locale ControllerSettingsMotionMirrorInput}" />
                     </CheckBox>
                 </StackPanel>
             </Grid>

src/Ryujinx.Ava/UI/Views/Input/MotionInputView.axaml.cs

@@ -6,44 +6,42 @@ using Ryujinx.Ava.UI.ViewModels;
 using Ryujinx.Common.Configuration.Hid.Controller;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 
-namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Windows
+namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Views.Input
 {
-    public partial class MotionSettingsWindow : UserControl
+    public partial class MotionInputView : UserControl
     {
-        private readonly InputConfiguration<GamepadInputId, StickInputId> _viewmodel;
+        private MotionInputViewModel _viewModel;
 
-        public MotionSettingsWindow()
+        public MotionInputView()
         {
             InitializeComponent();
-            DataContext = _viewmodel;
         }
 
-        public MotionSettingsWindow(ControllerSettingsViewModel viewmodel)
+        public MotionInputView(ControllerInputViewModel viewModel)
         {
-            var config = viewmodel.Configuration as InputConfiguration<GamepadInputId, StickInputId>;
+            var config = viewModel.Configuration as InputConfiguration<GamepadInputId, StickInputId>;
 
-            _viewmodel = new InputConfiguration<GamepadInputId, StickInputId>()
+            _viewModel = new MotionInputViewModel
             {
                 Slot = config.Slot,
                 AltSlot = config.AltSlot,
                 DsuServerHost = config.DsuServerHost,
                 DsuServerPort = config.DsuServerPort,
                 MirrorInput = config.MirrorInput,
-                EnableMotion = config.EnableMotion,
                 Sensitivity = config.Sensitivity,
                 GyroDeadzone = config.GyroDeadzone,
                 EnableCemuHookMotion = config.EnableCemuHookMotion
             };
 
             InitializeComponent();
-            DataContext = _viewmodel;
+            DataContext = _viewModel;
         }
 
-        public static async Task Show(ControllerSettingsViewModel viewmodel)
+        public static async Task Show(ControllerInputViewModel viewModel)
         {
-            MotionSettingsWindow content = new MotionSettingsWindow(viewmodel);
+            MotionInputView content = new(viewModel);
 
-            ContentDialog contentDialog = new ContentDialog
+            ContentDialog contentDialog = new()
             {
                 Title = LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.ControllerMotionTitle],
                 PrimaryButtonText = LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.ControllerSettingsSave],
@@ -53,16 +51,15 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Windows
             };
             contentDialog.PrimaryButtonClick += (sender, args) =>
             {
-                var config = viewmodel.Configuration as InputConfiguration<GamepadInputId, StickInputId>;
-                config.Slot = content._viewmodel.Slot;
-                config.EnableMotion = content._viewmodel.EnableMotion;
-                config.Sensitivity = content._viewmodel.Sensitivity;
-                config.GyroDeadzone = content._viewmodel.GyroDeadzone;
-                config.AltSlot = content._viewmodel.AltSlot;
-                config.DsuServerHost = content._viewmodel.DsuServerHost;
-                config.DsuServerPort = content._viewmodel.DsuServerPort;
-                config.EnableCemuHookMotion = content._viewmodel.EnableCemuHookMotion;
-                config.MirrorInput = content._viewmodel.MirrorInput;
+                var config = viewModel.Configuration as InputConfiguration<GamepadInputId, StickInputId>;
+                config.Slot = content._viewModel.Slot;
+                config.Sensitivity = content._viewModel.Sensitivity;
+                config.GyroDeadzone = content._viewModel.GyroDeadzone;
+                config.AltSlot = content._viewModel.AltSlot;
+                config.DsuServerHost = content._viewModel.DsuServerHost;
+                config.DsuServerPort = content._viewModel.DsuServerPort;
+                config.EnableCemuHookMotion = content._viewModel.EnableCemuHookMotion;
+                config.MirrorInput = content._viewModel.MirrorInput;
             };
 
             await contentDialog.ShowAsync();

src/Ryujinx.Ava/UI/Views/Input/RumbleInputView.axaml

@@ -1,11 +1,14 @@
-<UserControl 
+<UserControl
     xmlns="https://github.com/avaloniaui"
     xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
     xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
     xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
     xmlns:locale="clr-namespace:Ryujinx.Ava.Common.Locale"
+    xmlns:viewModels="clr-namespace:Ryujinx.Ava.UI.ViewModels"
     mc:Ignorable="d"
-    x:Class="Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Windows.RumbleSettingsWindow"
+    x:Class="Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Views.Input.RumbleInputView"
+    x:DataType="viewModels:RumbleInputViewModel"
+    x:CompileBindings="True"
     Focusable="True">
     <Grid Margin="10">
         <Grid.RowDefinitions>

src/Ryujinx.Ava/UI/Views/Input/RumbleInputView.axaml.cs

@@ -6,36 +6,37 @@ using Ryujinx.Ava.UI.ViewModels;
 using Ryujinx.Common.Configuration.Hid.Controller;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 
-namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Windows
+namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Views.Input
 {
-    public partial class RumbleSettingsWindow : UserControl
+    public partial class RumbleInputView : UserControl
     {
-        private readonly InputConfiguration<GamepadInputId, StickInputId> _viewmodel;
+        private RumbleInputViewModel _viewModel;
 
-        public RumbleSettingsWindow()
+        public RumbleInputView()
         {
             InitializeComponent();
-            DataContext = _viewmodel;
         }
 
-        public RumbleSettingsWindow(ControllerSettingsViewModel viewmodel)
+        public RumbleInputView(ControllerInputViewModel viewModel)
         {
-            var config = viewmodel.Configuration as InputConfiguration<GamepadInputId, StickInputId>;
+            var config = viewModel.Configuration as InputConfiguration<GamepadInputId, StickInputId>;
 
-            _viewmodel = new InputConfiguration<GamepadInputId, StickInputId>()
+            _viewModel = new RumbleInputViewModel
             {
-                StrongRumble = config.StrongRumble, WeakRumble = config.WeakRumble
+                StrongRumble = config.StrongRumble,
+                WeakRumble = config.WeakRumble
             };
 
             InitializeComponent();
-            DataContext = _viewmodel;
+            
+            DataContext = _viewModel;
         }
 
-        public static async Task Show(ControllerSettingsViewModel viewmodel)
+        public static async Task Show(ControllerInputViewModel viewModel)
         {
-            RumbleSettingsWindow content = new RumbleSettingsWindow(viewmodel);
+            RumbleInputView content = new(viewModel);
 
-            ContentDialog contentDialog = new ContentDialog
+            ContentDialog contentDialog = new()
             {
                 Title = LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.ControllerRumbleTitle],
                 PrimaryButtonText = LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.ControllerSettingsSave],
@@ -43,14 +44,14 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Windows
                 CloseButtonText = LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.ControllerSettingsClose],
                 Content = content,
             };
-            
+
             contentDialog.PrimaryButtonClick += (sender, args) =>
             {
-                var config = viewmodel.Configuration as InputConfiguration<GamepadInputId, StickInputId>;
-                config.StrongRumble = content._viewmodel.StrongRumble;
-                config.WeakRumble = content._viewmodel.WeakRumble;
+                var config = viewModel.Configuration as InputConfiguration<GamepadInputId, StickInputId>;
+                config.StrongRumble = content._viewModel.StrongRumble;
+                config.WeakRumble = content._viewModel.WeakRumble;
             };
-            
+
             await contentDialog.ShowAsync();
         }
     }

src/Ryujinx.Ava/UI/Views/Settings/SettingsInputView.axaml

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
-<UserControl 
+<UserControl
     x:Class="Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Views.Settings.SettingsInputView"
     xmlns="https://github.com/avaloniaui"
     xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
     xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
     xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
     xmlns:locale="clr-namespace:Ryujinx.Ava.Common.Locale"
-    xmlns:window="clr-namespace:Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Windows"
+    xmlns:views="clr-namespace:Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Views.Input"
     xmlns:viewModels="clr-namespace:Ryujinx.Ava.UI.ViewModels"
     mc:Ignorable="d"
     x:CompileBindings="True"
@@ -13,34 +13,56 @@
     <Design.DataContext>
         <viewModels:SettingsViewModel />
     </Design.DataContext>
-    <ScrollViewer 
+    <ScrollViewer
         Name="InputPage"
         HorizontalAlignment="Stretch"
         VerticalAlignment="Stretch"
         HorizontalScrollBarVisibility="Disabled"
         VerticalScrollBarVisibility="Auto">
         <Border Classes="settings">
-            <StackPanel Margin="4" Orientation="Vertical">
-                <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
-                    <CheckBox Margin="5,0"
-                              ToolTip.Tip="{locale:Locale DockModeToggleTooltip}"
-                              IsChecked="{Binding EnableDockedMode}">
-                        <TextBlock VerticalAlignment="Center"
-                                   Text="{locale:Locale SettingsTabInputEnableDockedMode}" />
-                    </CheckBox>
-                    <CheckBox Margin="5,0"
-                              ToolTip.Tip="{locale:Locale DirectKeyboardTooltip}"
-                              IsChecked="{Binding EnableKeyboard}">
-                        <TextBlock Text="{locale:Locale SettingsTabInputDirectKeyboardAccess}" />
-                    </CheckBox>
-                    <CheckBox Margin="5,0"
-                              ToolTip.Tip="{locale:Locale DirectMouseTooltip}"
-                              IsChecked="{Binding EnableMouse}">
-                        <TextBlock Text="{locale:Locale SettingsTabInputDirectMouseAccess}" />
-                    </CheckBox>
-                </StackPanel>
-                <window:ControllerSettingsWindow Name="ControllerSettings" Margin="0" MinHeight="600" />
-            </StackPanel>
+            <Panel
+                Margin="10">
+                <Grid>
+                    <Grid.RowDefinitions>
+                        <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
+                        <RowDefinition Height="*" />
+                        <RowDefinition Height="Auto" />
+                    </Grid.RowDefinitions>
+                    <views:ControllerInputView
+                        Grid.Row="0"
+                        Name="ControllerSettings" />
+                    <StackPanel
+                        Orientation="Vertical"
+                        Grid.Row="2">
+                        <Separator
+                            Margin="0 10"
+                            Height="1" />
+                        <StackPanel
+                            Orientation="Horizontal"
+                            Spacing="10">
+                            <CheckBox
+                                ToolTip.Tip="{locale:Locale DockModeToggleTooltip}"
+                                MinWidth="0"
+                                IsChecked="{Binding EnableDockedMode}">
+                                <TextBlock
+                                    Text="{locale:Locale SettingsTabInputEnableDockedMode}" />
+                            </CheckBox>
+                            <CheckBox
+                                ToolTip.Tip="{locale:Locale DirectKeyboardTooltip}"
+                                IsChecked="{Binding EnableKeyboard}">
+                                <TextBlock
+                                    Text="{locale:Locale SettingsTabInputDirectKeyboardAccess}" />
+                            </CheckBox>
+                            <CheckBox
+                                ToolTip.Tip="{locale:Locale DirectMouseTooltip}"
+                                IsChecked="{Binding EnableMouse}">
+                                <TextBlock
+                                    Text="{locale:Locale SettingsTabInputDirectMouseAccess}" />
+                            </CheckBox>
+                        </StackPanel>
+                    </StackPanel>
+                </Grid>
+            </Panel>
         </Border>
     </ScrollViewer>
 </UserControl>

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL/ResourceLayout.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
+using System;
+using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL
+{
+    public enum ResourceType : byte
+    {
+        UniformBuffer,
+        StorageBuffer,
+        Texture,
+        Sampler,
+        TextureAndSampler,
+        Image,
+        BufferTexture,
+        BufferImage
+    }
+
+    public enum ResourceAccess : byte
+    {
+        None = 0,
+        Read = 1,
+        Write = 2,
+        ReadWrite = Read | Write
+    }
+
+    [Flags]
+    public enum ResourceStages : byte
+    {
+        None = 0,
+        Compute = 1 << 0,
+        Vertex = 1 << 1,
+        TessellationControl = 1 << 2,
+        TessellationEvaluation = 1 << 3,
+        Geometry = 1 << 4,
+        Fragment = 1 << 5
+    }
+
+    public readonly struct ResourceDescriptor : IEquatable<ResourceDescriptor>
+    {
+        public int Binding { get; }
+        public int Count { get; }
+        public ResourceType Type { get; }
+        public ResourceStages Stages { get; }
+
+        public ResourceDescriptor(int binding, int count, ResourceType type, ResourceStages stages)
+        {
+            Binding = binding;
+            Count = count;
+            Type = type;
+            Stages = stages;
+        }
+
+        public override int GetHashCode()
+        {
+            return HashCode.Combine(Binding, Count, Type, Stages);
+        }
+
+        public override bool Equals(object obj)
+        {
+            return obj is ResourceDescriptor other && Equals(other);
+        }
+
+        public bool Equals(ResourceDescriptor other)
+        {
+            return Binding == other.Binding && Count == other.Count && Type == other.Type && Stages == other.Stages;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public readonly struct ResourceUsage : IEquatable<ResourceUsage>
+    {
+        public int Binding { get; }
+        public ResourceType Type { get; }
+        public ResourceStages Stages { get; }
+        public ResourceAccess Access { get; }
+
+        public ResourceUsage(int binding, ResourceType type, ResourceStages stages, ResourceAccess access)
+        {
+            Binding = binding;
+            Type = type;
+            Stages = stages;
+            Access = access;
+        }
+
+        public override int GetHashCode()
+        {
+            return HashCode.Combine(Binding, Type, Stages, Access);
+        }
+
+        public override bool Equals(object obj)
+        {
+            return obj is ResourceUsage other && Equals(other);
+        }
+
+        public bool Equals(ResourceUsage other)
+        {
+            return Binding == other.Binding && Type == other.Type && Stages == other.Stages && Access == other.Access;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public readonly struct ResourceDescriptorCollection
+    {
+        public ReadOnlyCollection<ResourceDescriptor> Descriptors { get; }
+
+        public ResourceDescriptorCollection(ReadOnlyCollection<ResourceDescriptor> descriptors)
+        {
+            Descriptors = descriptors;
+        }
+
+        public override int GetHashCode()
+        {
+            HashCode hasher = new HashCode();
+
+            if (Descriptors != null)
+            {
+                foreach (var descriptor in Descriptors)
+                {
+                    hasher.Add(descriptor);
+                }
+            }
+
+            return hasher.ToHashCode();
+        }
+
+        public override bool Equals(object obj)
+        {
+            return obj is ResourceDescriptorCollection other && Equals(other);
+        }
+
+        public bool Equals(ResourceDescriptorCollection other)
+        {
+            if ((Descriptors == null) != (other.Descriptors == null))
+            {
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            if (Descriptors != null)
+            {
+                if (Descriptors.Count != other.Descriptors.Count)
+                {
+                    return false;
+                }
+
+                for (int index = 0; index < Descriptors.Count; index++)
+                {
+                    if (!Descriptors[index].Equals(other.Descriptors[index]))
+                    {
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public readonly struct ResourceUsageCollection
+    {
+        public ReadOnlyCollection<ResourceUsage> Usages { get; }
+
+        public ResourceUsageCollection(ReadOnlyCollection<ResourceUsage> usages)
+        {
+            Usages = usages;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public readonly struct ResourceLayout
+    {
+        public ReadOnlyCollection<ResourceDescriptorCollection> Sets { get; }
+        public ReadOnlyCollection<ResourceUsageCollection> SetUsages { get; }
+
+        public ResourceLayout(
+            ReadOnlyCollection<ResourceDescriptorCollection> sets,
+            ReadOnlyCollection<ResourceUsageCollection> setUsages)
+        {
+            Sets = sets;
+            SetUsages = setUsages;
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL/ShaderBindings.cs

@@ -1,24 +0,0 @@
-using System.Collections.Generic;
-
-namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL
-{
-    public readonly struct ShaderBindings
-    {
-        public IReadOnlyCollection<int> UniformBufferBindings { get; }
-        public IReadOnlyCollection<int> StorageBufferBindings { get; }
-        public IReadOnlyCollection<int> TextureBindings { get; }
-        public IReadOnlyCollection<int> ImageBindings { get; }
-
-        public ShaderBindings(
-            IReadOnlyCollection<int> uniformBufferBindings,
-            IReadOnlyCollection<int> storageBufferBindings,
-            IReadOnlyCollection<int> textureBindings,
-            IReadOnlyCollection<int> imageBindings)
-        {
-            UniformBufferBindings = uniformBufferBindings;
-            StorageBufferBindings = storageBufferBindings;
-            TextureBindings = textureBindings;
-            ImageBindings = imageBindings;
-        }
-    }
-}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL/ShaderInfo.cs

@@ -3,19 +3,22 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL
     public struct ShaderInfo
     {
         public int FragmentOutputMap { get; }
+        public ResourceLayout ResourceLayout { get; }
         public ProgramPipelineState? State { get; }
         public bool FromCache { get; set; }
 
-        public ShaderInfo(int fragmentOutputMap, ProgramPipelineState state, bool fromCache = false)
+        public ShaderInfo(int fragmentOutputMap, ResourceLayout resourceLayout, ProgramPipelineState state, bool fromCache = false)
         {
             FragmentOutputMap = fragmentOutputMap;
+            ResourceLayout = resourceLayout;
             State = state;
             FromCache = fromCache;
         }
 
-        public ShaderInfo(int fragmentOutputMap, bool fromCache = false)
+        public ShaderInfo(int fragmentOutputMap, ResourceLayout resourceLayout, bool fromCache = false)
         {
             FragmentOutputMap = fragmentOutputMap;
+            ResourceLayout = resourceLayout;
             State = null;
             FromCache = fromCache;
         }

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL/ShaderSource.cs

@@ -7,24 +7,22 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL
     {
         public string Code { get; }
         public byte[] BinaryCode { get; }
-        public ShaderBindings Bindings { get; }
         public ShaderStage Stage { get; }
         public TargetLanguage Language { get; }
 
-        public ShaderSource(string code, byte[] binaryCode, ShaderBindings bindings, ShaderStage stage, TargetLanguage language)
+        public ShaderSource(string code, byte[] binaryCode, ShaderStage stage, TargetLanguage language)
         {
             Code = code;
             BinaryCode = binaryCode;
-            Bindings = bindings;
             Stage = stage;
             Language = language;
         }
 
-        public ShaderSource(string code, ShaderBindings bindings, ShaderStage stage, TargetLanguage language) : this(code, null, bindings, stage, language)
+        public ShaderSource(string code, ShaderStage stage, TargetLanguage language) : this(code, null, stage, language)
         {
         }
 
-        public ShaderSource(byte[] binaryCode, ShaderBindings bindings, ShaderStage stage, TargetLanguage language) : this(null, binaryCode, bindings, stage, language)
+        public ShaderSource(byte[] binaryCode, ShaderStage stage, TargetLanguage language) : this(null, binaryCode, stage, language)
         {
         }
     }

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Shader/DiskCache/DiskCacheHostStorage.cs

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader.DiskCache
         private const ushort FileFormatVersionMajor = 1;
         private const ushort FileFormatVersionMinor = 2;
         private const uint FileFormatVersionPacked = ((uint)FileFormatVersionMajor << 16) | FileFormatVersionMinor;
-        private const uint CodeGenVersion = 4646;
+        private const uint CodeGenVersion = 5031;
 
         private const string SharedTocFileName = "shared.toc";
         private const string SharedDataFileName = "shared.data";
@@ -368,12 +368,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader.DiskCache
 
                         if (hostCode != null)
                         {
-                            bool hasFragmentShader = shaders.Length > 5 && shaders[5] != null;
-                            int fragmentOutputMap = hasFragmentShader ? shaders[5].Info.FragmentOutputMap : -1;
-
-                            ShaderInfo shaderInfo = specState.PipelineState.HasValue
-                                ? new ShaderInfo(fragmentOutputMap, specState.PipelineState.Value, fromCache: true)
-                                : new ShaderInfo(fragmentOutputMap, fromCache: true);
+                            ShaderInfo shaderInfo = ShaderInfoBuilder.BuildForCache(context, shaders, specState.PipelineState);
 
                             IProgram hostProgram;
 
@@ -385,6 +380,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader.DiskCache
                             }
                             else
                             {
+                                bool hasFragmentShader = shaders.Length > 5 && shaders[5] != null;
+
                                 hostProgram = context.Renderer.LoadProgramBinary(hostCode, hasFragmentShader, shaderInfo);
                             }
 

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Shader/DiskCache/ParallelDiskCacheLoader.cs

@@ -491,23 +491,16 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader.DiskCache
             {
                 ShaderSource[] shaderSources = new ShaderSource[compilation.TranslatedStages.Length];
 
-                int fragmentOutputMap = -1;
+                ShaderInfoBuilder shaderInfoBuilder = new ShaderInfoBuilder(_context);
 
                 for (int index = 0; index < compilation.TranslatedStages.Length; index++)
                 {
                     ShaderProgram shader = compilation.TranslatedStages[index];
                     shaderSources[index] = CreateShaderSource(shader);
-
-                    if (shader.Info.Stage == ShaderStage.Fragment)
-                    {
-                        fragmentOutputMap = shader.Info.FragmentOutputMap;
-                    }
+                    shaderInfoBuilder.AddStageInfo(shader.Info);
                 }
 
-                ShaderInfo shaderInfo = compilation.SpecializationState.PipelineState.HasValue
-                    ? new ShaderInfo(fragmentOutputMap, compilation.SpecializationState.PipelineState.Value, fromCache: true)
-                    : new ShaderInfo(fragmentOutputMap, fromCache: true);
-
+                ShaderInfo shaderInfo = shaderInfoBuilder.Build(compilation.SpecializationState.PipelineState, fromCache: true);
                 IProgram hostProgram = _context.Renderer.CreateProgram(shaderSources, shaderInfo);
                 CachedShaderProgram program = new CachedShaderProgram(hostProgram, compilation.SpecializationState, compilation.Shaders);
 

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Shader/DiskCache/ShaderBinarySerializer.cs

@@ -42,25 +42,10 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader.DiskCache
                 int binaryCodeLength = reader.ReadInt32();
                 byte[] binaryCode = reader.ReadBytes(binaryCodeLength);
 
-                output.Add(new ShaderSource(binaryCode, GetBindings(stages, stage), stage, TargetLanguage.Spirv));
+                output.Add(new ShaderSource(binaryCode, stage, TargetLanguage.Spirv));
             }
 
             return output.ToArray();
         }
-
-        private static ShaderBindings GetBindings(CachedShaderStage[] stages, ShaderStage stage)
-        {
-            for (int i = 0; i < stages.Length; i++)
-            {
-                CachedShaderStage currentStage = stages[i];
-
-                if (currentStage?.Info != null && currentStage.Info.Stage == stage)
-                {
-                    return ShaderCache.GetBindings(currentStage.Info);
-                }
-            }
-
-            return new ShaderBindings(Array.Empty<int>(), Array.Empty<int>(), Array.Empty<int>(), Array.Empty<int>());
-        }
     }
 }

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Shader/GpuAccessorBase.cs

@@ -110,16 +110,16 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
                 Logger.Error?.Print(LogClass.Gpu, $"{resourceName} index {index} exceeds per stage limit of {maxPerStage}.");
             }
 
-            return GetStageIndex() * (int)maxPerStage + index;
+            return GetStageIndex(_stageIndex) * (int)maxPerStage + index;
         }
 
-        private int GetStageIndex()
+        public static int GetStageIndex(int stageIndex)
         {
             // This is just a simple remapping to ensure that most frequently used shader stages
             // have the lowest binding numbers.
             // This is useful because if we need to run on a system with a low limit on the bindings,
             // then we can still get most games working as the most common shaders will have low binding numbers.
-            return _stageIndex switch
+            return stageIndex switch
             {
                 4 => 1, // Fragment
                 3 => 2, // Geometry

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Shader/ShaderCache.cs

@@ -219,12 +219,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
             GpuAccessor gpuAccessor = new GpuAccessor(_context, channel, gpuAccessorState);
 
             TranslatorContext translatorContext = DecodeComputeShader(gpuAccessor, _context.Capabilities.Api, gpuVa);
-
             TranslatedShader translatedShader = TranslateShader(_dumper, channel, translatorContext, cachedGuestCode);
 
             ShaderSource[] shaderSourcesArray = new ShaderSource[] { CreateShaderSource(translatedShader.Program) };
-
-            IProgram hostProgram = _context.Renderer.CreateProgram(shaderSourcesArray, new ShaderInfo(-1));
+            ShaderInfo info = ShaderInfoBuilder.BuildForCompute(_context, translatedShader.Program.Info);
+            IProgram hostProgram = _context.Renderer.CreateProgram(shaderSourcesArray, info);
 
             cpShader = new CachedShaderProgram(hostProgram, specState, translatedShader.Shader);
 
@@ -363,6 +362,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
 
             TranslatorContext previousStage = null;
 
+            ShaderInfoBuilder infoBuilder = new ShaderInfoBuilder(_context);
+
             for (int stageIndex = 0; stageIndex < Constants.ShaderStages; stageIndex++)
             {
                 TranslatorContext currentStage = translatorContexts[stageIndex + 1];
@@ -398,6 +399,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
                     if (program != null)
                     {
                         shaderSources.Add(CreateShaderSource(program));
+                        infoBuilder.AddStageInfo(program.Info);
                     }
 
                     previousStage = currentStage;
@@ -414,8 +416,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
 
             ShaderSource[] shaderSourcesArray = shaderSources.ToArray();
 
-            int fragmentOutputMap = shaders[5]?.Info.FragmentOutputMap ?? -1;
-            IProgram hostProgram = _context.Renderer.CreateProgram(shaderSourcesArray, new ShaderInfo(fragmentOutputMap, pipeline));
+            ShaderInfo info = infoBuilder.Build(pipeline);
+
+            IProgram hostProgram = _context.Renderer.CreateProgram(shaderSourcesArray, info);
 
             gpShaders = new CachedShaderProgram(hostProgram, specState, shaders);
 
@@ -466,7 +469,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
         /// <returns>Shader source</returns>
         public static ShaderSource CreateShaderSource(ShaderProgram program)
         {
-            return new ShaderSource(program.Code, program.BinaryCode, GetBindings(program.Info), program.Info.Stage, program.Language);
+            return new ShaderSource(program.Code, program.BinaryCode, program.Info.Stage, program.Language);
         }
 
         /// <summary>
@@ -717,25 +720,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
             };
         }
 
-        /// <summary>
-        /// Gets information about the bindings used by a shader program.
-        /// </summary>
-        /// <param name="info">Shader program information to get the information from</param>
-        /// <returns>Shader bindings</returns>
-        public static ShaderBindings GetBindings(ShaderProgramInfo info)
-        {
-            var uniformBufferBindings = info.CBuffers.Select(x => x.Binding).ToArray();
-            var storageBufferBindings = info.SBuffers.Select(x => x.Binding).ToArray();
-            var textureBindings = info.Textures.Select(x => x.Binding).ToArray();
-            var imageBindings = info.Images.Select(x => x.Binding).ToArray();
-
-            return new ShaderBindings(
-                uniformBufferBindings,
-                storageBufferBindings,
-                textureBindings,
-                imageBindings);
-        }
-
         /// <summary>
         /// Creates shader translation options with the requested graphics API and flags.
         /// The shader language is choosen based on the current configuration and graphics API.

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Shader/ShaderInfoBuilder.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,260 @@
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL;
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Shader
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Shader info structure builder.
+    /// </summary>
+    class ShaderInfoBuilder
+    {
+        private const int TotalSets = 4;
+
+        private const int UniformSetIndex = 0;
+        private const int StorageSetIndex = 1;
+        private const int TextureSetIndex = 2;
+        private const int ImageSetIndex = 3;
+
+        private const ResourceStages SupportBufferStags =
+            ResourceStages.Compute |
+            ResourceStages.Vertex |
+            ResourceStages.Fragment;
+
+        private readonly GpuContext _context;
+
+        private int _fragmentOutputMap;
+
+        private readonly List<ResourceDescriptor>[] _resourceDescriptors;
+        private readonly List<ResourceUsage>[] _resourceUsages;
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Creates a new shader info builder.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="context">GPU context that owns the shaders that will be added to the builder</param>
+        public ShaderInfoBuilder(GpuContext context)
+        {
+            _context = context;
+
+            _fragmentOutputMap = -1;
+
+            _resourceDescriptors = new List<ResourceDescriptor>[TotalSets];
+            _resourceUsages = new List<ResourceUsage>[TotalSets];
+
+            for (int index = 0; index < TotalSets; index++)
+            {
+                _resourceDescriptors[index] = new();
+                _resourceUsages[index] = new();
+            }
+
+            AddDescriptor(SupportBufferStags, ResourceType.UniformBuffer, UniformSetIndex, 0, 1);
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Adds information from a given shader stage.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="info">Shader stage information</param>
+        public void AddStageInfo(ShaderProgramInfo info)
+        {
+            if (info.Stage == ShaderStage.Fragment)
+            {
+                _fragmentOutputMap = info.FragmentOutputMap;
+            }
+
+            int stageIndex = GpuAccessorBase.GetStageIndex(info.Stage switch
+            {
+                ShaderStage.TessellationControl => 1,
+                ShaderStage.TessellationEvaluation => 2,
+                ShaderStage.Geometry => 3,
+                ShaderStage.Fragment => 4,
+                _ => 0
+            });
+
+            ResourceStages stages = info.Stage switch
+            {
+                ShaderStage.Compute => ResourceStages.Compute,
+                ShaderStage.Vertex => ResourceStages.Vertex,
+                ShaderStage.TessellationControl => ResourceStages.TessellationControl,
+                ShaderStage.TessellationEvaluation => ResourceStages.TessellationEvaluation,
+                ShaderStage.Geometry => ResourceStages.Geometry,
+                ShaderStage.Fragment => ResourceStages.Fragment,
+                _ => ResourceStages.None
+            };
+
+            int uniformsPerStage = (int)_context.Capabilities.MaximumUniformBuffersPerStage;
+            int storagesPerStage = (int)_context.Capabilities.MaximumStorageBuffersPerStage;
+            int texturesPerStage = (int)_context.Capabilities.MaximumTexturesPerStage;
+            int imagesPerStage = (int)_context.Capabilities.MaximumImagesPerStage;
+
+            int uniformBinding = 1 + stageIndex * uniformsPerStage;
+            int storageBinding = stageIndex * storagesPerStage;
+            int textureBinding = stageIndex * texturesPerStage * 2;
+            int imageBinding = stageIndex * imagesPerStage * 2;
+
+            AddDescriptor(stages, ResourceType.UniformBuffer, UniformSetIndex, uniformBinding, uniformsPerStage);
+            AddArrayDescriptor(stages, ResourceType.StorageBuffer, StorageSetIndex, storageBinding, storagesPerStage);
+            AddDualDescriptor(stages, ResourceType.TextureAndSampler, ResourceType.BufferTexture, TextureSetIndex, textureBinding, texturesPerStage);
+            AddDualDescriptor(stages, ResourceType.Image, ResourceType.BufferImage, ImageSetIndex, imageBinding, imagesPerStage);
+
+            AddUsage(info.CBuffers, stages, UniformSetIndex, isStorage: false);
+            AddUsage(info.SBuffers, stages, StorageSetIndex, isStorage: true);
+            AddUsage(info.Textures, stages, TextureSetIndex, isImage: false);
+            AddUsage(info.Images, stages, ImageSetIndex, isImage: true);
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Adds a resource descriptor to the list of descriptors.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="stages">Shader stages where the resource is used</param>
+        /// <param name="type">Type of the resource</param>
+        /// <param name="setIndex">Descriptor set number where the resource will be bound</param>
+        /// <param name="binding">Binding number where the resource will be bound</param>
+        /// <param name="count">Number of resources bound at the binding location</param>
+        private void AddDescriptor(ResourceStages stages, ResourceType type, int setIndex, int binding, int count)
+        {
+            for (int index = 0; index < count; index++)
+            {
+                _resourceDescriptors[setIndex].Add(new ResourceDescriptor(binding + index, 1, type, stages));
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Adds two interleaved groups of resources to the list of descriptors.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="stages">Shader stages where the resource is used</param>
+        /// <param name="type">Type of the first interleaved resource</param>
+        /// <param name="type2">Type of the second interleaved resource</param>
+        /// <param name="setIndex">Descriptor set number where the resource will be bound</param>
+        /// <param name="binding">Binding number where the resource will be bound</param>
+        /// <param name="count">Number of resources bound at the binding location</param>
+        private void AddDualDescriptor(ResourceStages stages, ResourceType type, ResourceType type2, int setIndex, int binding, int count)
+        {
+            AddDescriptor(stages, type, setIndex, binding, count);
+            AddDescriptor(stages, type2, setIndex, binding + count, count);
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Adds an array resource to the list of descriptors.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="stages">Shader stages where the resource is used</param>
+        /// <param name="type">Type of the resource</param>
+        /// <param name="setIndex">Descriptor set number where the resource will be bound</param>
+        /// <param name="binding">Binding number where the resource will be bound</param>
+        /// <param name="count">Number of resources bound at the binding location</param>
+        private void AddArrayDescriptor(ResourceStages stages, ResourceType type, int setIndex, int binding, int count)
+        {
+            _resourceDescriptors[setIndex].Add(new ResourceDescriptor(binding, count, type, stages));
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Adds buffer usage information to the list of usages.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="buffers">Buffers to be added</param>
+        /// <param name="stages">Stages where the buffers are used</param>
+        /// <param name="setIndex">Descriptor set index where the buffers will be bound</param>
+        /// <param name="isStorage">True for storage buffers, false for uniform buffers</param>
+        private void AddUsage(IEnumerable<BufferDescriptor> buffers, ResourceStages stages, int setIndex, bool isStorage)
+        {
+            foreach (BufferDescriptor buffer in buffers)
+            {
+                _resourceUsages[setIndex].Add(new ResourceUsage(
+                    buffer.Binding,
+                    isStorage ? ResourceType.StorageBuffer : ResourceType.UniformBuffer,
+                    stages,
+                    buffer.Flags.HasFlag(BufferUsageFlags.Write) ? ResourceAccess.ReadWrite : ResourceAccess.Read));
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Adds texture usage information to the list of usages.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="textures">Textures to be added</param>
+        /// <param name="stages">Stages where the textures are used</param>
+        /// <param name="setIndex">Descriptor set index where the textures will be bound</param>
+        /// <param name="isImage">True for images, false for textures</param>
+        private void AddUsage(IEnumerable<TextureDescriptor> textures, ResourceStages stages, int setIndex, bool isImage)
+        {
+            foreach (TextureDescriptor texture in textures)
+            {
+                bool isBuffer = (texture.Type & SamplerType.Mask) == SamplerType.TextureBuffer;
+
+                ResourceType type = isBuffer
+                    ? (isImage ? ResourceType.BufferImage : ResourceType.BufferTexture)
+                    : (isImage ? ResourceType.Image : ResourceType.TextureAndSampler);
+
+                _resourceUsages[setIndex].Add(new ResourceUsage(
+                    texture.Binding,
+                    type,
+                    stages,
+                    texture.Flags.HasFlag(TextureUsageFlags.ImageStore) ? ResourceAccess.ReadWrite : ResourceAccess.Read));
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Creates a new shader information structure from the added information.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="pipeline">Optional pipeline state for background shader compilation</param>
+        /// <param name="fromCache">Indicates if the shader comes from a disk cache</param>
+        /// <returns>Shader information</returns>
+        public ShaderInfo Build(ProgramPipelineState? pipeline, bool fromCache = false)
+        {
+            var descriptors = new ResourceDescriptorCollection[TotalSets];
+            var usages = new ResourceUsageCollection[TotalSets];
+
+            for (int index = 0; index < TotalSets; index++)
+            {
+                descriptors[index] = new ResourceDescriptorCollection(_resourceDescriptors[index].ToArray().AsReadOnly());
+                usages[index] = new ResourceUsageCollection(_resourceUsages[index].ToArray().AsReadOnly());
+            }
+
+            ResourceLayout resourceLayout = new ResourceLayout(descriptors.AsReadOnly(), usages.AsReadOnly());
+
+            if (pipeline.HasValue)
+            {
+                return new ShaderInfo(_fragmentOutputMap, resourceLayout, pipeline.Value, fromCache);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                return new ShaderInfo(_fragmentOutputMap, resourceLayout, fromCache);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Builds shader information for shaders from the disk cache.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="context">GPU context that owns the shaders</param>
+        /// <param name="programs">Shaders from the disk cache</param>
+        /// <param name="pipeline">Optional pipeline for background compilation</param>
+        /// <returns>Shader information</returns>
+        public static ShaderInfo BuildForCache(GpuContext context, IEnumerable<CachedShaderStage> programs, ProgramPipelineState? pipeline)
+        {
+            ShaderInfoBuilder builder = new ShaderInfoBuilder(context);
+
+            foreach (CachedShaderStage program in programs)
+            {
+                if (program?.Info != null)
+                {
+                    builder.AddStageInfo(program.Info);
+                }
+            }
+
+            return builder.Build(pipeline, fromCache: true);
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Builds shader information for a compute shader.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="context">GPU context that owns the shader</param>
+        /// <param name="info">Compute shader information</param>
+        /// <param name="fromCache">True if the compute shader comes from a disk cache, false otherwise</param>
+        /// <returns>Shader information</returns>
+        public static ShaderInfo BuildForCompute(GpuContext context, ShaderProgramInfo info, bool fromCache = false)
+        {
+            ShaderInfoBuilder builder = new ShaderInfoBuilder(context);
+
+            builder.AddStageInfo(info);
+
+            return builder.Build(null, fromCache);
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Instructions/InstEmit.cs

@@ -187,27 +187,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Instructions
             context.Config.GpuAccessor.Log("Shader instruction Longjmp is not implemented.");
         }
 
-        public static void P2rR(EmitterContext context)
-        {
-            InstP2rR op = context.GetOp<InstP2rR>();
-
-            context.Config.GpuAccessor.Log("Shader instruction P2rR is not implemented.");
-        }
-
-        public static void P2rI(EmitterContext context)
-        {
-            InstP2rI op = context.GetOp<InstP2rI>();
-
-            context.Config.GpuAccessor.Log("Shader instruction P2rI is not implemented.");
-        }
-
-        public static void P2rC(EmitterContext context)
-        {
-            InstP2rC op = context.GetOp<InstP2rC>();
-
-            context.Config.GpuAccessor.Log("Shader instruction P2rC is not implemented.");
-        }
-
         public static void Pexit(EmitterContext context)
         {
             InstPexit op = context.GetOp<InstPexit>();

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Instructions/InstEmitMove.cs

@@ -209,21 +209,15 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Instructions
                 return context.ICompareNotEqual(context.BitwiseAnd(value, Const(1 << bit)), Const(0));
             }
 
-            if (ccpr)
+            int count = ccpr ? RegisterConsts.FlagsCount : RegisterConsts.PredsCount;
+            RegisterType type = ccpr ? RegisterType.Flag : RegisterType.Predicate;
+            int shift = (int)byteSel * 8;
+            
+            for (int bit = 0; bit < count; bit++)
             {
-                // TODO: Support Register to condition code flags copy.
-                context.Config.GpuAccessor.Log("R2P.CC not implemented.");
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                int shift = (int)byteSel * 8;
-
-                for (int bit = 0; bit < RegisterConsts.PredsCount; bit++)
-                {
-                    Operand pred = Register(bit, RegisterType.Predicate);
-                    Operand res = context.ConditionalSelect(Test(mask, bit), Test(value, bit + shift), pred);
-                    context.Copy(pred, res);
-                }
+                Operand flag = Register(bit, type);
+                Operand res = context.ConditionalSelect(Test(mask, bit), Test(value, bit + shift), flag);
+                context.Copy(flag, res);
             }
         }
 

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Instructions/InstEmitPredicate.cs

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Decoders;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.IntermediateRepresentation;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation;
-
 using static Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Instructions.InstEmitAluHelper;
 using static Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Instructions.InstEmitHelper;
 using static Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.IntermediateRepresentation.OperandHelper;
@@ -50,5 +49,68 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Instructions
             context.Copy(Register(op.DestPred, RegisterType.Predicate), p0Res);
             context.Copy(Register(op.DestPredInv, RegisterType.Predicate), p1Res);
         }
+
+        public static void P2rC(EmitterContext context)
+        {
+            InstP2rC op = context.GetOp<InstP2rC>();
+
+            Operand srcA = GetSrcReg(context, op.SrcA);
+            Operand dest = GetSrcReg(context, op.Dest);
+            Operand mask = GetSrcCbuf(context, op.CbufSlot, op.CbufOffset);
+
+            EmitP2r(context, srcA, dest, mask, op.ByteSel, op.Ccpr);
+        }
+
+        public static void P2rI(EmitterContext context)
+        {
+            InstP2rI op = context.GetOp<InstP2rI>();
+
+            Operand srcA = GetSrcReg(context, op.SrcA);
+            Operand dest = GetSrcReg(context, op.Dest);
+            Operand mask = GetSrcImm(context, op.Imm20);
+
+            EmitP2r(context, srcA, dest, mask, op.ByteSel, op.Ccpr);
+        }
+
+        public static void P2rR(EmitterContext context)
+        {
+            InstP2rR op = context.GetOp<InstP2rR>();
+
+            Operand srcA = GetSrcReg(context, op.SrcA);
+            Operand dest = GetSrcReg(context, op.Dest);
+            Operand mask = GetSrcReg(context, op.SrcB);
+
+            EmitP2r(context, srcA, dest, mask, op.ByteSel, op.Ccpr);
+        }
+
+        private static void EmitP2r(
+            EmitterContext context,
+            Operand srcA,
+            Operand dest,
+            Operand mask,
+            ByteSel byteSel,
+            bool ccpr)
+        {
+            int count = ccpr ? RegisterConsts.FlagsCount : RegisterConsts.PredsCount;
+            int shift = (int)byteSel * 8;
+            mask = context.BitwiseAnd(mask, Const(0xff));
+
+            Operand insert = Const(0);
+            for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
+            {
+                Operand condition = ccpr
+                    ? Register(i, RegisterType.Flag)
+                    : Register(i, RegisterType.Predicate);
+
+                Operand bit = context.ConditionalSelect(condition, Const(1 << (i + shift)), Const(0));
+                insert = context.BitwiseOr(insert, bit);
+            }
+
+            Operand maskShifted = context.ShiftLeft(mask, Const(shift));
+            Operand masked = context.BitwiseAnd(srcA, context.BitwiseNot(maskShifted));
+            Operand res = context.BitwiseOr(masked, context.BitwiseAnd(insert, maskShifted));
+
+            context.Copy(dest, res);
+        }
     }
 }

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/DescriptorSetUpdater.cs

@@ -372,8 +372,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
         private void UpdateAndBind(CommandBufferScoped cbs, int setIndex, PipelineBindPoint pbp)
         {
             var program = _program;
-            int stagesCount = program.Bindings[setIndex].Length;
-            if (stagesCount == 0 && setIndex != PipelineBase.UniformSetIndex)
+            var bindingSegments = program.BindingSegments[setIndex];
+
+            if (bindingSegments.Length == 0 && setIndex != PipelineBase.UniformSetIndex)
             {
                 return;
             }
@@ -410,125 +411,113 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 }
             }
 
-            for (int stageIndex = 0; stageIndex < stagesCount; stageIndex++)
+            foreach (ResourceBindingSegment segment in bindingSegments)
             {
-                var stageBindings = program.Bindings[setIndex][stageIndex];
-                int bindingsCount = stageBindings.Length;
-                int count;
+                int binding = segment.Binding;
+                int count = segment.Count;
 
-                for (int bindingIndex = 0; bindingIndex < bindingsCount; bindingIndex += count)
+                if (setIndex == PipelineBase.UniformSetIndex)
                 {
-                    int binding = stageBindings[bindingIndex];
-                    count = 1;
-
-                    while (bindingIndex + count < bindingsCount && stageBindings[bindingIndex + count] == binding + count)
+                    for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
                     {
-                        count++;
+                        int index = binding + i;
+
+                        if (!_uniformSet[index])
+                        {
+                            UpdateBuffer(cbs, ref _uniformBuffers[index], _uniformBufferRefs[index], dummyBuffer);
+
+                            _uniformSet[index] = true;
+                        }
                     }
 
-                    if (setIndex == PipelineBase.UniformSetIndex)
+                    ReadOnlySpan<DescriptorBufferInfo> uniformBuffers = _uniformBuffers;
+                    dsc.UpdateBuffers(0, binding, uniformBuffers.Slice(binding, count), DescriptorType.UniformBuffer);
+                }
+                else if (setIndex == PipelineBase.StorageSetIndex)
+                {
+                    for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
                     {
+                        int index = binding + i;
+
+                        if (!_storageSet[index])
+                        {
+                            UpdateBuffer(cbs, ref _storageBuffers[index], _storageBufferRefs[index], dummyBuffer);
+
+                            _storageSet[index] = true;
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    ReadOnlySpan<DescriptorBufferInfo> storageBuffers = _storageBuffers;
+                    if (program.HasMinimalLayout)
+                    {
+                        dsc.UpdateBuffers(0, binding, storageBuffers.Slice(binding, count), DescriptorType.StorageBuffer);
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        dsc.UpdateStorageBuffers(0, binding, storageBuffers.Slice(binding, count));
+                    }
+                }
+                else if (setIndex == PipelineBase.TextureSetIndex)
+                {
+                    if (segment.Type != ResourceType.BufferTexture)
+                    {
+                        Span<DescriptorImageInfo> textures = _textures;
+
                         for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
                         {
-                            int index = binding + i;
+                            ref var texture = ref textures[i];
 
-                            if (!_uniformSet[index])
+                            texture.ImageView = _textureRefs[binding + i]?.Get(cbs).Value ?? default;
+                            texture.Sampler = _samplerRefs[binding + i]?.Get(cbs).Value ?? default;
+
+                            if (texture.ImageView.Handle == 0)
                             {
-                                UpdateBuffer(cbs, ref _uniformBuffers[index], _uniformBufferRefs[index], dummyBuffer);
+                                texture.ImageView = _dummyTexture.GetImageView().Get(cbs).Value;
+                            }
 
-                                _uniformSet[index] = true;
+                            if (texture.Sampler.Handle == 0)
+                            {
+                                texture.Sampler = _dummySampler.GetSampler().Get(cbs).Value;
                             }
                         }
 
-                        ReadOnlySpan<DescriptorBufferInfo> uniformBuffers = _uniformBuffers;
-                        dsc.UpdateBuffers(0, binding, uniformBuffers.Slice(binding, count), DescriptorType.UniformBuffer);
+                        dsc.UpdateImages(0, binding, textures.Slice(0, count), DescriptorType.CombinedImageSampler);
                     }
-                    else if (setIndex == PipelineBase.StorageSetIndex)
+                    else
                     {
+                        Span<BufferView> bufferTextures = _bufferTextures;
+
                         for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
                         {
-                            int index = binding + i;
-
-                            if (!_storageSet[index])
-                            {
-                                UpdateBuffer(cbs, ref _storageBuffers[index], _storageBufferRefs[index], dummyBuffer);
-
-                                _storageSet[index] = true;
-                            }
+                            bufferTextures[i] = _bufferTextureRefs[binding + i]?.GetBufferView(cbs) ?? default;
                         }
 
-                        ReadOnlySpan<DescriptorBufferInfo> storageBuffers = _storageBuffers;
-                        if (program.HasMinimalLayout)
-                        {
-                            dsc.UpdateBuffers(0, binding, storageBuffers.Slice(binding, count), DescriptorType.StorageBuffer);
-                        }
-                        else
-                        {
-                            dsc.UpdateStorageBuffers(0, binding, storageBuffers.Slice(binding, count));
-                        }
+                        dsc.UpdateBufferImages(0, binding, bufferTextures.Slice(0, count), DescriptorType.UniformTexelBuffer);
                     }
-                    else if (setIndex == PipelineBase.TextureSetIndex)
+                }
+                else if (setIndex == PipelineBase.ImageSetIndex)
+                {
+                    if (segment.Type != ResourceType.BufferImage)
                     {
-                        if (((uint)binding % (Constants.MaxTexturesPerStage * 2)) < Constants.MaxTexturesPerStage || program.HasMinimalLayout)
+                        Span<DescriptorImageInfo> images = _images;
+
+                        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
                         {
-                            Span<DescriptorImageInfo> textures = _textures;
-
-                            for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
-                            {
-                                ref var texture = ref textures[i];
-
-                                texture.ImageView = _textureRefs[binding + i]?.Get(cbs).Value ?? default;
-                                texture.Sampler = _samplerRefs[binding + i]?.Get(cbs).Value ?? default;
-
-                                if (texture.ImageView.Handle == 0)
-                                {
-                                    texture.ImageView = _dummyTexture.GetImageView().Get(cbs).Value;
-                                }
-
-                                if (texture.Sampler.Handle == 0)
-                                {
-                                    texture.Sampler = _dummySampler.GetSampler().Get(cbs).Value;
-                                }
-                            }
-
-                            dsc.UpdateImages(0, binding, textures.Slice(0, count), DescriptorType.CombinedImageSampler);
+                            images[i].ImageView = _imageRefs[binding + i]?.Get(cbs).Value ?? default;
                         }
-                        else
-                        {
-                            Span<BufferView> bufferTextures = _bufferTextures;
 
-                            for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
-                            {
-                                bufferTextures[i] = _bufferTextureRefs[binding + i]?.GetBufferView(cbs) ?? default;
-                            }
-
-                            dsc.UpdateBufferImages(0, binding, bufferTextures.Slice(0, count), DescriptorType.UniformTexelBuffer);
-                        }
+                        dsc.UpdateImages(0, binding, images.Slice(0, count), DescriptorType.StorageImage);
                     }
-                    else if (setIndex == PipelineBase.ImageSetIndex)
+                    else
                     {
-                        if (((uint)binding % (Constants.MaxImagesPerStage * 2)) < Constants.MaxImagesPerStage || program.HasMinimalLayout)
+                        Span<BufferView> bufferImages = _bufferImages;
+
+                        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
                         {
-                            Span<DescriptorImageInfo> images = _images;
-
-                            for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
-                            {
-                                images[i].ImageView = _imageRefs[binding + i]?.Get(cbs).Value ?? default;
-                            }
-
-                            dsc.UpdateImages(0, binding, images.Slice(0, count), DescriptorType.StorageImage);
+                            bufferImages[i] = _bufferImageRefs[binding + i]?.GetBufferView(cbs, _bufferImageFormats[binding + i]) ?? default;
                         }
-                        else
-                        {
-                            Span<BufferView> bufferImages = _bufferImages;
 
-                            for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
-                            {
-                                bufferImages[i] = _bufferImageRefs[binding + i]?.GetBufferView(cbs, _bufferImageFormats[binding + i]) ?? default;
-                            }
-
-                            dsc.UpdateBufferImages(0, binding, bufferImages.Slice(0, count), DescriptorType.StorageTexelBuffer);
-                        }
+                        dsc.UpdateBufferImages(0, binding, bufferImages.Slice(0, count), DescriptorType.StorageTexelBuffer);
                     }
                 }
             }
@@ -568,9 +557,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
         [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
         private void UpdateAndBindUniformBufferPd(CommandBufferScoped cbs, PipelineBindPoint pbp)
         {
-            var dummyBuffer = _dummyBuffer?.GetBuffer();
-            int stagesCount = _program.Bindings[PipelineBase.UniformSetIndex].Length;
-
             if (!_uniformSet[0])
             {
                 Span<DescriptorBufferInfo> uniformBuffer = stackalloc DescriptorBufferInfo[1];
@@ -587,41 +573,32 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 UpdateBuffers(cbs, pbp, 0, uniformBuffer, DescriptorType.UniformBuffer);
             }
 
-            for (int stageIndex = 0; stageIndex < stagesCount; stageIndex++)
+            var bindingSegments = _program.BindingSegments[PipelineBase.UniformSetIndex];
+            var dummyBuffer = _dummyBuffer?.GetBuffer();
+
+            foreach (ResourceBindingSegment segment in bindingSegments)
             {
-                var stageBindings = _program.Bindings[PipelineBase.UniformSetIndex][stageIndex];
-                int bindingsCount = stageBindings.Length;
-                int count;
+                int binding = segment.Binding;
+                int count = segment.Count;
 
-                for (int bindingIndex = 0; bindingIndex < bindingsCount; bindingIndex += count)
+                bool doUpdate = false;
+
+                for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
                 {
-                    int binding = stageBindings[bindingIndex];
-                    count = 1;
+                    int index = binding + i;
 
-                    while (bindingIndex + count < bindingsCount && stageBindings[bindingIndex + count] == binding + count)
+                    if (!_uniformSet[index])
                     {
-                        count++;
+                        UpdateBuffer(cbs, ref _uniformBuffers[index], _uniformBufferRefs[index], dummyBuffer);
+                        _uniformSet[index] = true;
+                        doUpdate = true;
                     }
+                }
 
-                    bool doUpdate = false;
-
-                    for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
-                    {
-                        int index = binding + i;
-
-                        if (!_uniformSet[index])
-                        {
-                            UpdateBuffer(cbs, ref _uniformBuffers[index], _uniformBufferRefs[index], dummyBuffer);
-                            _uniformSet[index] = true;
-                            doUpdate = true;
-                        }
-                    }
-
-                    if (doUpdate)
-                    {
-                        ReadOnlySpan<DescriptorBufferInfo> uniformBuffers = _uniformBuffers;
-                        UpdateBuffers(cbs, pbp, binding, uniformBuffers.Slice(binding, count), DescriptorType.UniformBuffer);
-                    }
+                if (doUpdate)
+                {
+                    ReadOnlySpan<DescriptorBufferInfo> uniformBuffers = _uniformBuffers;
+                    UpdateBuffers(cbs, pbp, binding, uniformBuffers.Slice(binding, count), DescriptorType.UniformBuffer);
                 }
             }
         }

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/Effects/FsrScalingFilter.cs

@@ -54,29 +54,29 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan.Effects
             var scalingShader = EmbeddedResources.Read("Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/Effects/Shaders/FsrScaling.spv");
             var sharpeningShader = EmbeddedResources.Read("Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/Effects/Shaders/FsrSharpening.spv");
 
-            var computeBindings = new ShaderBindings(
-                new[] { 2 },
-                Array.Empty<int>(),
-                new[] { 1 },
-                new[] { 0 });
+            var scalingResourceLayout = new ResourceLayoutBuilder()
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.UniformBuffer, 2)
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.TextureAndSampler, 1)
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.Image, 0).Build();
 
-            var sharpeningBindings = new ShaderBindings(
-                new[] { 2, 3, 4 },
-                Array.Empty<int>(),
-                new[] { 1 },
-                new[] { 0 });
+            var sharpeningResourceLayout = new ResourceLayoutBuilder()
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.UniformBuffer, 2)
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.UniformBuffer, 3)
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.UniformBuffer, 4)
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.TextureAndSampler, 1)
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.Image, 0).Build();
 
             _sampler = _renderer.CreateSampler(GAL.SamplerCreateInfo.Create(MinFilter.Linear, MagFilter.Linear));
 
             _scalingProgram = _renderer.CreateProgramWithMinimalLayout(new[]
             {
-                new ShaderSource(scalingShader, computeBindings, ShaderStage.Compute, TargetLanguage.Spirv)
-            });
+                new ShaderSource(scalingShader, ShaderStage.Compute, TargetLanguage.Spirv)
+            }, scalingResourceLayout);
 
             _sharpeningProgram = _renderer.CreateProgramWithMinimalLayout(new[]
             {
-                new ShaderSource(sharpeningShader, sharpeningBindings, ShaderStage.Compute, TargetLanguage.Spirv)
-            });
+                new ShaderSource(sharpeningShader, ShaderStage.Compute, TargetLanguage.Spirv)
+            }, sharpeningResourceLayout);
         }
 
         public void Run(
@@ -160,10 +160,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan.Effects
             _pipeline.ComputeBarrier();
 
             // Sharpening pass
-            _pipeline.SetCommandBuffer(cbs);
             _pipeline.SetProgram(_sharpeningProgram);
             _pipeline.SetTextureAndSampler(ShaderStage.Compute, 1, _intermediaryTexture, _sampler);
-            _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(stackalloc[] { new BufferAssignment(2, bufferRanges) });
             var sharpeningRange = new BufferRange(sharpeningBufferHandle, 0, sizeof(float));
             _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(stackalloc[] { new BufferAssignment(4, sharpeningRange) });
             _pipeline.SetImage(0, destinationTexture);

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/Effects/FxaaPostProcessingEffect.cs

@@ -38,18 +38,17 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan.Effects
 
             var shader = EmbeddedResources.Read("Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/Effects/Shaders/Fxaa.spv");
 
-            var computeBindings = new ShaderBindings(
-                new[] { 2 },
-                Array.Empty<int>(),
-                new[] { 1 },
-                new[] { 0 });
+            var resourceLayout = new ResourceLayoutBuilder()
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.UniformBuffer, 2)
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.TextureAndSampler, 1)
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.Image, 0).Build();
 
             _samplerLinear = _renderer.CreateSampler(GAL.SamplerCreateInfo.Create(MinFilter.Linear, MagFilter.Linear));
 
             _shaderProgram = _renderer.CreateProgramWithMinimalLayout(new[]
             {
-                new ShaderSource(shader, computeBindings, ShaderStage.Compute, TargetLanguage.Spirv)
-            });
+                new ShaderSource(shader, ShaderStage.Compute, TargetLanguage.Spirv)
+            }, resourceLayout);
         }
 
         public TextureView Run(TextureView view, CommandBufferScoped cbs, int width, int height)

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/Effects/SmaaPostProcessingEffect.cs

@@ -77,23 +77,23 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan.Effects
             var blendShader = EmbeddedResources.Read("Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/Effects/Shaders/SmaaBlend.spv");
             var neighbourShader = EmbeddedResources.Read("Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/Effects/Shaders/SmaaNeighbour.spv");
 
-            var edgeBindings = new ShaderBindings(
-                new[] { 2 },
-                Array.Empty<int>(),
-                new[] { 1 },
-                new[] { 0 });
+            var edgeResourceLayout = new ResourceLayoutBuilder()
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.UniformBuffer, 2)
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.TextureAndSampler, 1)
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.Image, 0).Build();
 
-            var blendBindings = new ShaderBindings(
-                new[] { 2 },
-                Array.Empty<int>(),
-                new[] { 1, 3, 4 },
-                new[] { 0 });
+            var blendResourceLayout = new ResourceLayoutBuilder()
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.UniformBuffer, 2)
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.TextureAndSampler, 1)
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.TextureAndSampler, 3)
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.TextureAndSampler, 4)
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.Image, 0).Build();
 
-            var neighbourBindings = new ShaderBindings(
-                new[] { 2 },
-                Array.Empty<int>(),
-                new[] { 1, 3 },
-                new[] { 0 });
+            var neighbourResourceLayout = new ResourceLayoutBuilder()
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.UniformBuffer, 2)
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.TextureAndSampler, 1)
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.TextureAndSampler, 3)
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.Image, 0).Build();
 
             _samplerLinear = _renderer.CreateSampler(GAL.SamplerCreateInfo.Create(MinFilter.Linear, MagFilter.Linear));
 
@@ -117,18 +117,18 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan.Effects
 
             _edgeProgram = _renderer.CreateProgramWithMinimalLayout(new[]
             {
-                new ShaderSource(edgeShader, edgeBindings, ShaderStage.Compute, TargetLanguage.Spirv)
-            }, new[] { specInfo });
+                new ShaderSource(edgeShader, ShaderStage.Compute, TargetLanguage.Spirv)
+            }, edgeResourceLayout, new[] { specInfo });
 
             _blendProgram = _renderer.CreateProgramWithMinimalLayout(new[]
             {
-                new ShaderSource(blendShader, blendBindings, ShaderStage.Compute, TargetLanguage.Spirv)
-            }, new[] { specInfo });
+                new ShaderSource(blendShader, ShaderStage.Compute, TargetLanguage.Spirv)
+            }, blendResourceLayout, new[] { specInfo });
 
             _neighbourProgram = _renderer.CreateProgramWithMinimalLayout(new[]
             {
-                new ShaderSource(neighbourShader, neighbourBindings, ShaderStage.Compute, TargetLanguage.Spirv)
-            }, new[] { specInfo });
+                new ShaderSource(neighbourShader, ShaderStage.Compute, TargetLanguage.Spirv)
+            }, neighbourResourceLayout, new[] { specInfo });
         }
 
         public void DeletePipelines()

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/EnumConversion.cs

@@ -36,6 +36,56 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             };
         }
 
+        public static ShaderStageFlags Convert(this ResourceStages stages)
+        {
+            ShaderStageFlags stageFlags = stages.HasFlag(ResourceStages.Compute)
+                ? ShaderStageFlags.ComputeBit
+                : ShaderStageFlags.None;
+
+            if (stages.HasFlag(ResourceStages.Vertex))
+            {
+                stageFlags |= ShaderStageFlags.VertexBit;
+            }
+
+            if (stages.HasFlag(ResourceStages.TessellationControl))
+            {
+                stageFlags |= ShaderStageFlags.TessellationControlBit;
+            }
+
+            if (stages.HasFlag(ResourceStages.TessellationEvaluation))
+            {
+                stageFlags |= ShaderStageFlags.TessellationEvaluationBit;
+            }
+
+            if (stages.HasFlag(ResourceStages.Geometry))
+            {
+                stageFlags |= ShaderStageFlags.GeometryBit;
+            }
+
+            if (stages.HasFlag(ResourceStages.Fragment))
+            {
+                stageFlags |= ShaderStageFlags.FragmentBit;
+            }
+
+            return stageFlags;
+        }
+
+        public static DescriptorType Convert(this ResourceType type)
+        {
+            return type switch
+            {
+                ResourceType.UniformBuffer => DescriptorType.UniformBuffer,
+                ResourceType.StorageBuffer => DescriptorType.StorageBuffer,
+                ResourceType.Texture => DescriptorType.SampledImage,
+                ResourceType.Sampler => DescriptorType.Sampler,
+                ResourceType.TextureAndSampler => DescriptorType.CombinedImageSampler,
+                ResourceType.Image => DescriptorType.StorageImage,
+                ResourceType.BufferTexture => DescriptorType.UniformTexelBuffer,
+                ResourceType.BufferImage => DescriptorType.StorageTexelBuffer,
+                _ => throw new ArgumentException($"Invalid resource type \"{type}\".")
+            };
+        }
+
         public static SamplerAddressMode Convert(this AddressMode mode)
         {
             return mode switch
@@ -48,7 +98,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 AddressMode.ClampToBorder => SamplerAddressMode.ClampToBorder,
                 AddressMode.MirroredRepeat => SamplerAddressMode.MirroredRepeat,
                 AddressMode.ClampToEdge => SamplerAddressMode.ClampToEdge,
-                _ => LogInvalidAndReturn(mode, nameof(AddressMode), SamplerAddressMode.ClampToEdge)  // TODO: Should be clamp.
+                _ => LogInvalidAndReturn(mode, nameof(AddressMode), SamplerAddressMode.ClampToEdge) // TODO: Should be clamp.
             };
         }
 

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/HelperShader.cs

@@ -55,192 +55,168 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             _samplerLinear = gd.CreateSampler(GAL.SamplerCreateInfo.Create(MinFilter.Linear, MagFilter.Linear));
             _samplerNearest = gd.CreateSampler(GAL.SamplerCreateInfo.Create(MinFilter.Nearest, MagFilter.Nearest));
 
-            var blitVertexBindings = new ShaderBindings(
-                new[] { 1 },
-                Array.Empty<int>(),
-                Array.Empty<int>(),
-                Array.Empty<int>());
-
-            var blitFragmentBindings = new ShaderBindings(
-                Array.Empty<int>(),
-                Array.Empty<int>(),
-                new[] { 0 },
-                Array.Empty<int>());
+            var blitResourceLayout = new ResourceLayoutBuilder()
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Vertex, ResourceType.UniformBuffer, 1)
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Fragment, ResourceType.TextureAndSampler, 0).Build();
 
             _programColorBlit = gd.CreateProgramWithMinimalLayout(new[]
             {
-                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorBlitVertexShaderSource, blitVertexBindings, ShaderStage.Vertex, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
-                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorBlitFragmentShaderSource, blitFragmentBindings, ShaderStage.Fragment, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
-            });
+                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorBlitVertexShaderSource, ShaderStage.Vertex, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
+                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorBlitFragmentShaderSource, ShaderStage.Fragment, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
+            }, blitResourceLayout);
 
             _programColorBlitMs = gd.CreateProgramWithMinimalLayout(new[]
             {
-                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorBlitVertexShaderSource, blitVertexBindings, ShaderStage.Vertex, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
-                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorBlitMsFragmentShaderSource, blitFragmentBindings, ShaderStage.Fragment, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
-            });
+                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorBlitVertexShaderSource, ShaderStage.Vertex, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
+                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorBlitMsFragmentShaderSource, ShaderStage.Fragment, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
+            }, blitResourceLayout);
 
             _programColorBlitClearAlpha = gd.CreateProgramWithMinimalLayout(new[]
             {
-                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorBlitVertexShaderSource, blitVertexBindings, ShaderStage.Vertex, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
-                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorBlitClearAlphaFragmentShaderSource, blitFragmentBindings, ShaderStage.Fragment, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
-            });
+                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorBlitVertexShaderSource, ShaderStage.Vertex, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
+                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorBlitClearAlphaFragmentShaderSource, ShaderStage.Fragment, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
+            }, blitResourceLayout);
 
-            var colorClearFragmentBindings = new ShaderBindings(
-                Array.Empty<int>(),
-                Array.Empty<int>(),
-                Array.Empty<int>(),
-                Array.Empty<int>());
+            var colorClearResourceLayout = new ResourceLayoutBuilder().Add(ResourceStages.Vertex, ResourceType.UniformBuffer, 1).Build();
 
             _programColorClearF = gd.CreateProgramWithMinimalLayout(new[]
             {
-                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorClearVertexShaderSource, blitVertexBindings, ShaderStage.Vertex, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
-                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorClearFFragmentShaderSource, colorClearFragmentBindings, ShaderStage.Fragment, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
-            });
+                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorClearVertexShaderSource, ShaderStage.Vertex, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
+                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorClearFFragmentShaderSource, ShaderStage.Fragment, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
+            }, colorClearResourceLayout);
 
             _programColorClearSI = gd.CreateProgramWithMinimalLayout(new[]
             {
-                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorClearVertexShaderSource, blitVertexBindings, ShaderStage.Vertex, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
-                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorClearSIFragmentShaderSource, colorClearFragmentBindings, ShaderStage.Fragment, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
-            });
+                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorClearVertexShaderSource, ShaderStage.Vertex, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
+                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorClearSIFragmentShaderSource, ShaderStage.Fragment, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
+            }, colorClearResourceLayout);
 
             _programColorClearUI = gd.CreateProgramWithMinimalLayout(new[]
             {
-                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorClearVertexShaderSource, blitVertexBindings, ShaderStage.Vertex, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
-                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorClearUIFragmentShaderSource, colorClearFragmentBindings, ShaderStage.Fragment, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
-            });
+                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorClearVertexShaderSource, ShaderStage.Vertex, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
+                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorClearUIFragmentShaderSource, ShaderStage.Fragment, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
+            }, colorClearResourceLayout);
 
-            var strideChangeBindings = new ShaderBindings(
-                new[] { 0 },
-                new[] { 1, 2 },
-                Array.Empty<int>(),
-                Array.Empty<int>());
+            var strideChangeResourceLayout = new ResourceLayoutBuilder()
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.UniformBuffer, 0)
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.StorageBuffer, 1)
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.StorageBuffer, 2).Build();
 
             _programStrideChange = gd.CreateProgramWithMinimalLayout(new[]
             {
-                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ChangeBufferStrideShaderSource, strideChangeBindings, ShaderStage.Compute, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
-            });
+                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ChangeBufferStrideShaderSource, ShaderStage.Compute, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
+            }, strideChangeResourceLayout);
 
-            var colorCopyBindings = new ShaderBindings(
-                new[] { 0 },
-                Array.Empty<int>(),
-                new[] { 0 },
-                new[] { 0 });
+            var colorCopyResourceLayout = new ResourceLayoutBuilder()
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.UniformBuffer, 0)
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.TextureAndSampler, 0)
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.Image, 0).Build();
 
             _programColorCopyShortening = gd.CreateProgramWithMinimalLayout(new[]
             {
-                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorCopyShorteningComputeShaderSource, colorCopyBindings, ShaderStage.Compute, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
-            });
+                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorCopyShorteningComputeShaderSource, ShaderStage.Compute, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
+            }, colorCopyResourceLayout);
 
             _programColorCopyToNonMs = gd.CreateProgramWithMinimalLayout(new[]
             {
-                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorCopyToNonMsComputeShaderSource, colorCopyBindings, ShaderStage.Compute, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
-            });
+                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorCopyToNonMsComputeShaderSource, ShaderStage.Compute, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
+            }, colorCopyResourceLayout);
 
             _programColorCopyWidening = gd.CreateProgramWithMinimalLayout(new[]
             {
-                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorCopyWideningComputeShaderSource, colorCopyBindings, ShaderStage.Compute, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
-            });
+                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorCopyWideningComputeShaderSource, ShaderStage.Compute, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
+            }, colorCopyResourceLayout);
 
-            var colorDrawToMsVertexBindings = new ShaderBindings(
-                Array.Empty<int>(),
-                Array.Empty<int>(),
-                Array.Empty<int>(),
-                Array.Empty<int>());
-
-            var colorDrawToMsFragmentBindings = new ShaderBindings(
-                new[] { 0 },
-                Array.Empty<int>(),
-                new[] { 0 },
-                Array.Empty<int>());
+            var colorDrawToMsResourceLayout = new ResourceLayoutBuilder()
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Fragment, ResourceType.UniformBuffer, 0)
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Fragment, ResourceType.TextureAndSampler, 0).Build();
 
             _programColorDrawToMs = gd.CreateProgramWithMinimalLayout(new[]
             {
-                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorDrawToMsVertexShaderSource, colorDrawToMsVertexBindings, ShaderStage.Vertex, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
-                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorDrawToMsFragmentShaderSource, colorDrawToMsFragmentBindings, ShaderStage.Fragment, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
-            });
+                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorDrawToMsVertexShaderSource, ShaderStage.Vertex, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
+                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorDrawToMsFragmentShaderSource, ShaderStage.Fragment, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
+            }, colorDrawToMsResourceLayout);
 
-            var convertD32S8ToD24S8Bindings = new ShaderBindings(
-                new[] { 0 },
-                new[] { 1, 2 },
-                Array.Empty<int>(),
-                Array.Empty<int>());
+            var convertD32S8ToD24S8ResourceLayout = new ResourceLayoutBuilder()
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.UniformBuffer, 0)
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.StorageBuffer, 1)
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.StorageBuffer, 2).Build();
 
             _programConvertD32S8ToD24S8 = gd.CreateProgramWithMinimalLayout(new[]
             {
-                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ConvertD32S8ToD24S8ShaderSource, convertD32S8ToD24S8Bindings, ShaderStage.Compute, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
-            });
+                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ConvertD32S8ToD24S8ShaderSource, ShaderStage.Compute, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
+            }, convertD32S8ToD24S8ResourceLayout);
 
-            var convertIndexBufferBindings = new ShaderBindings(
-                new[] { 0 },
-                new[] { 1, 2 },
-                Array.Empty<int>(),
-                Array.Empty<int>());
+            var convertIndexBufferResourceLayout = new ResourceLayoutBuilder()
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.UniformBuffer, 0)
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.StorageBuffer, 1)
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.StorageBuffer, 2).Build();
 
             _programConvertIndexBuffer = gd.CreateProgramWithMinimalLayout(new[]
             {
-                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ConvertIndexBufferShaderSource, convertIndexBufferBindings, ShaderStage.Compute, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
-            });
+                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ConvertIndexBufferShaderSource, ShaderStage.Compute, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
+            }, convertIndexBufferResourceLayout);
 
-            var convertIndirectDataBindings = new ShaderBindings(
-                new[] { 0 },
-                new[] { 1, 2, 3 },
-                Array.Empty<int>(),
-                Array.Empty<int>());
+            var convertIndirectDataResourceLayout = new ResourceLayoutBuilder()
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.UniformBuffer, 0)
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.StorageBuffer, 1)
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.StorageBuffer, 2)
+                .Add(ResourceStages.Compute, ResourceType.StorageBuffer, 3).Build();
 
             _programConvertIndirectData = gd.CreateProgramWithMinimalLayout(new[]
             {
-                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ConvertIndirectDataShaderSource, convertIndirectDataBindings, ShaderStage.Compute, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
-            });
+                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ConvertIndirectDataShaderSource, ShaderStage.Compute, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
+            }, convertIndirectDataResourceLayout);
 
             _programDepthBlit = gd.CreateProgramWithMinimalLayout(new[]
             {
-                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorBlitVertexShaderSource, blitVertexBindings, ShaderStage.Vertex, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
-                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.DepthBlitFragmentShaderSource, blitFragmentBindings, ShaderStage.Fragment, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
-            });
+                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorBlitVertexShaderSource, ShaderStage.Vertex, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
+                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.DepthBlitFragmentShaderSource, ShaderStage.Fragment, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
+            }, blitResourceLayout);
 
             _programDepthBlitMs = gd.CreateProgramWithMinimalLayout(new[]
             {
-                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorBlitVertexShaderSource, blitVertexBindings, ShaderStage.Vertex, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
-                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.DepthBlitMsFragmentShaderSource, blitFragmentBindings, ShaderStage.Fragment, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
-            });
+                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorBlitVertexShaderSource, ShaderStage.Vertex, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
+                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.DepthBlitMsFragmentShaderSource, ShaderStage.Fragment, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
+            }, blitResourceLayout);
 
             _programDepthDrawToMs = gd.CreateProgramWithMinimalLayout(new[]
             {
-                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorDrawToMsVertexShaderSource, colorDrawToMsVertexBindings, ShaderStage.Vertex, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
-                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.DepthDrawToMsFragmentShaderSource, colorDrawToMsFragmentBindings, ShaderStage.Fragment, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
-            });
+                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorDrawToMsVertexShaderSource, ShaderStage.Vertex, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
+                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.DepthDrawToMsFragmentShaderSource, ShaderStage.Fragment, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
+            }, colorDrawToMsResourceLayout);
 
             _programDepthDrawToNonMs = gd.CreateProgramWithMinimalLayout(new[]
             {
-                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorDrawToMsVertexShaderSource, colorDrawToMsVertexBindings, ShaderStage.Vertex, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
-                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.DepthDrawToNonMsFragmentShaderSource, colorDrawToMsFragmentBindings, ShaderStage.Fragment, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
-            });
+                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorDrawToMsVertexShaderSource, ShaderStage.Vertex, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
+                new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.DepthDrawToNonMsFragmentShaderSource, ShaderStage.Fragment, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
+            }, colorDrawToMsResourceLayout);
 
             if (gd.Capabilities.SupportsShaderStencilExport)
             {
                 _programStencilBlit = gd.CreateProgramWithMinimalLayout(new[]
                 {
-                    new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorBlitVertexShaderSource, blitVertexBindings, ShaderStage.Vertex, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
-                    new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.StencilBlitFragmentShaderSource, blitFragmentBindings, ShaderStage.Fragment, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
-                });
+                    new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorBlitVertexShaderSource, ShaderStage.Vertex, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
+                    new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.StencilBlitFragmentShaderSource, ShaderStage.Fragment, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
+                }, blitResourceLayout);
 
                 _programStencilBlitMs = gd.CreateProgramWithMinimalLayout(new[]
                 {
-                    new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorBlitVertexShaderSource, blitVertexBindings, ShaderStage.Vertex, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
-                    new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.StencilBlitMsFragmentShaderSource, blitFragmentBindings, ShaderStage.Fragment, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
-                });
+                    new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorBlitVertexShaderSource, ShaderStage.Vertex, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
+                    new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.StencilBlitMsFragmentShaderSource, ShaderStage.Fragment, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
+                }, blitResourceLayout);
 
                 _programStencilDrawToMs = gd.CreateProgramWithMinimalLayout(new[]
                 {
-                    new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorDrawToMsVertexShaderSource, colorDrawToMsVertexBindings, ShaderStage.Vertex, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
-                    new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.StencilDrawToMsFragmentShaderSource, colorDrawToMsFragmentBindings, ShaderStage.Fragment, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
-                });
+                    new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorDrawToMsVertexShaderSource, ShaderStage.Vertex, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
+                    new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.StencilDrawToMsFragmentShaderSource, ShaderStage.Fragment, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
+                }, colorDrawToMsResourceLayout);
 
                 _programStencilDrawToNonMs = gd.CreateProgramWithMinimalLayout(new[]
                 {
-                    new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorDrawToMsVertexShaderSource, colorDrawToMsVertexBindings, ShaderStage.Vertex, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
-                    new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.StencilDrawToNonMsFragmentShaderSource, colorDrawToMsFragmentBindings, ShaderStage.Fragment, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
-                });
+                    new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.ColorDrawToMsVertexShaderSource, ShaderStage.Vertex, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
+                    new ShaderSource(ShaderBinaries.StencilDrawToNonMsFragmentShaderSource, ShaderStage.Fragment, TargetLanguage.Spirv),
+                }, colorDrawToMsResourceLayout);
             }
         }
 

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/PipelineLayoutCache.cs

@@ -1,52 +1,101 @@
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL;
 using Silk.NET.Vulkan;
-using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Concurrent;
+using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 {
     class PipelineLayoutCache
     {
-        private readonly PipelineLayoutCacheEntry[] _plce;
-        private readonly List<PipelineLayoutCacheEntry> _plceMinimal;
+        private readonly struct PlceKey : IEquatable<PlceKey>
+        {
+            public readonly ReadOnlyCollection<ResourceDescriptorCollection> SetDescriptors;
+            public readonly bool UsePushDescriptors;
+
+            public PlceKey(ReadOnlyCollection<ResourceDescriptorCollection> setDescriptors, bool usePushDescriptors)
+            {
+                SetDescriptors = setDescriptors;
+                UsePushDescriptors = usePushDescriptors;
+            }
+
+            public override int GetHashCode()
+            {
+                HashCode hasher = new HashCode();
+
+                if (SetDescriptors != null)
+                {
+                    foreach (var setDescriptor in SetDescriptors)
+                    {
+                        hasher.Add(setDescriptor);
+                    }
+                }
+
+                hasher.Add(UsePushDescriptors);
+
+                return hasher.ToHashCode();
+            }
+
+            public override bool Equals(object obj)
+            {
+                return obj is PlceKey other && Equals(other);
+            }
+
+            public bool Equals(PlceKey other)
+            {
+                if ((SetDescriptors == null) != (other.SetDescriptors == null))
+                {
+                    return false;
+                }
+
+                if (SetDescriptors != null)
+                {
+                    if (SetDescriptors.Count != other.SetDescriptors.Count)
+                    {
+                        return false;
+                    }
+
+                    for (int index = 0; index < SetDescriptors.Count; index++)
+                    {
+                        if (!SetDescriptors[index].Equals(other.SetDescriptors[index]))
+                        {
+                            return false;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+
+                return UsePushDescriptors == other.UsePushDescriptors;
+            }
+        }
+
+        private readonly ConcurrentDictionary<PlceKey, PipelineLayoutCacheEntry> _plces;
 
         public PipelineLayoutCache()
         {
-            _plce = new PipelineLayoutCacheEntry[1 << Constants.MaxShaderStages];
-            _plceMinimal = new List<PipelineLayoutCacheEntry>();
+            _plces = new ConcurrentDictionary<PlceKey, PipelineLayoutCacheEntry>();
         }
 
-        public PipelineLayoutCacheEntry Create(VulkanRenderer gd, Device device, ShaderSource[] shaders)
+        public PipelineLayoutCacheEntry GetOrCreate(
+            VulkanRenderer gd,
+            Device device,
+            ReadOnlyCollection<ResourceDescriptorCollection> setDescriptors,
+            bool usePushDescriptors)
         {
-            var plce = new PipelineLayoutCacheEntry(gd, device, shaders);
-            _plceMinimal.Add(plce);
-            return plce;
-        }
+            var key = new PlceKey(setDescriptors, usePushDescriptors);
 
-        public PipelineLayoutCacheEntry GetOrCreate(VulkanRenderer gd, Device device, uint stages, bool usePd)
-        {
-            if (_plce[stages] == null)
-            {
-                _plce[stages] = new PipelineLayoutCacheEntry(gd, device, stages, usePd);
-            }
-
-            return _plce[stages];
+            return _plces.GetOrAdd(key, (newKey) => new PipelineLayoutCacheEntry(gd, device, setDescriptors, usePushDescriptors));
         }
 
         protected virtual unsafe void Dispose(bool disposing)
         {
             if (disposing)
             {
-                for (int i = 0; i < _plce.Length; i++)
-                {
-                    _plce[i]?.Dispose();
-                }
-
-                foreach (var plce in _plceMinimal)
+                foreach (var plce in _plces.Values)
                 {
                     plce.Dispose();
                 }
 
-                _plceMinimal.Clear();
+                _plces.Clear();
             }
         }
 

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/PipelineLayoutCacheEntry.cs

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL;
 using Silk.NET.Vulkan;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 {
@@ -16,7 +17,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
         private readonly int[] _dsCacheCursor;
         private int _dsLastCbIndex;
 
-        private PipelineLayoutCacheEntry(VulkanRenderer gd, Device device)
+        private PipelineLayoutCacheEntry(VulkanRenderer gd, Device device, int setsCount)
         {
             _gd = gd;
             _device = device;
@@ -25,27 +26,24 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 
             for (int i = 0; i < CommandBufferPool.MaxCommandBuffers; i++)
             {
-                _dsCache[i] = new List<Auto<DescriptorSetCollection>>[PipelineBase.DescriptorSetLayouts];
+                _dsCache[i] = new List<Auto<DescriptorSetCollection>>[setsCount];
 
-                for (int j = 0; j < PipelineBase.DescriptorSetLayouts; j++)
+                for (int j = 0; j < _dsCache[i].Length; j++)
                 {
                     _dsCache[i][j] = new List<Auto<DescriptorSetCollection>>();
                 }
             }
 
-            _dsCacheCursor = new int[PipelineBase.DescriptorSetLayouts];
+            _dsCacheCursor = new int[setsCount];
         }
 
-        public PipelineLayoutCacheEntry(VulkanRenderer gd, Device device, uint stages, bool usePd) : this(gd, device)
+        public PipelineLayoutCacheEntry(
+            VulkanRenderer gd,
+            Device device,
+            ReadOnlyCollection<ResourceDescriptorCollection> setDescriptors,
+            bool usePushDescriptors) : this(gd, device, setDescriptors.Count)
         {
-            DescriptorSetLayouts = PipelineLayoutFactory.Create(gd, device, stages, usePd, out var pipelineLayout);
-            PipelineLayout = pipelineLayout;
-        }
-
-        public PipelineLayoutCacheEntry(VulkanRenderer gd, Device device, ShaderSource[] shaders) : this(gd, device)
-        {
-            DescriptorSetLayouts = PipelineLayoutFactory.CreateMinimal(gd, device, shaders, out var pipelineLayout);
-            PipelineLayout = pipelineLayout;
+            (DescriptorSetLayouts, PipelineLayout) = PipelineLayoutFactory.Create(gd, device, setDescriptors, usePushDescriptors);
         }
 
         public Auto<DescriptorSetCollection> GetNewDescriptorSetCollection(
@@ -58,7 +56,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             {
                 _dsLastCbIndex = commandBufferIndex;
 
-                for (int i = 0; i < PipelineBase.DescriptorSetLayouts; i++)
+                for (int i = 0; i < _dsCacheCursor.Length; i++)
                 {
                     _dsCacheCursor[i] = 0;
                 }

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/PipelineLayoutFactory.cs

@@ -1,257 +1,74 @@
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL;
 using Silk.NET.Vulkan;
-using System.Collections.Generic;
-using System.Numerics;
+using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 {
     static class PipelineLayoutFactory
     {
-        private const ShaderStageFlags SupportBufferStages =
-            ShaderStageFlags.VertexBit |
-            ShaderStageFlags.FragmentBit |
-            ShaderStageFlags.ComputeBit;
-
-        private static ShaderStageFlags ActiveStages(uint stages)
+        public static unsafe (DescriptorSetLayout[], PipelineLayout) Create(
+            VulkanRenderer gd,
+            Device device,
+            ReadOnlyCollection<ResourceDescriptorCollection> setDescriptors,
+            bool usePushDescriptors)
         {
-            ShaderStageFlags stageFlags = 0;
+            DescriptorSetLayout[] layouts = new DescriptorSetLayout[setDescriptors.Count];
 
-            while (stages != 0)
+            bool isMoltenVk = gd.IsMoltenVk;
+
+            for (int setIndex = 0; setIndex < setDescriptors.Count; setIndex++)
             {
-                int stage = BitOperations.TrailingZeroCount(stages);
-                stages &= ~(1u << stage);
+                ResourceDescriptorCollection rdc = setDescriptors[setIndex];
 
-                stageFlags |= stage switch
+                ResourceStages activeStages = ResourceStages.None;
+
+                if (isMoltenVk)
                 {
-                    1 => ShaderStageFlags.FragmentBit,
-                    2 => ShaderStageFlags.GeometryBit,
-                    3 => ShaderStageFlags.TessellationControlBit,
-                    4 => ShaderStageFlags.TessellationEvaluationBit,
-                    _ => ShaderStageFlags.VertexBit | ShaderStageFlags.ComputeBit
-                };
-            }
-
-            return stageFlags;
-        }
-
-        public static unsafe DescriptorSetLayout[] Create(VulkanRenderer gd, Device device, uint stages, bool usePd, out PipelineLayout layout)
-        {
-            int stagesCount = BitOperations.PopCount(stages);
-
-            int uCount = Constants.MaxUniformBuffersPerStage * stagesCount + 1;
-            int tCount = Constants.MaxTexturesPerStage * 2 * stagesCount;
-            int iCount = Constants.MaxImagesPerStage * 2 * stagesCount;
-
-            DescriptorSetLayoutBinding* uLayoutBindings = stackalloc DescriptorSetLayoutBinding[uCount];
-            DescriptorSetLayoutBinding* sLayoutBindings = stackalloc DescriptorSetLayoutBinding[stagesCount];
-            DescriptorSetLayoutBinding* tLayoutBindings = stackalloc DescriptorSetLayoutBinding[tCount];
-            DescriptorSetLayoutBinding* iLayoutBindings = stackalloc DescriptorSetLayoutBinding[iCount];
-
-            uLayoutBindings[0] = new DescriptorSetLayoutBinding
-            {
-                Binding = 0,
-                DescriptorType = DescriptorType.UniformBuffer,
-                DescriptorCount = 1,
-                StageFlags = SupportBufferStages
-            };
-
-            int iter = 0;
-            var activeStages = ActiveStages(stages);
-
-            while (stages != 0)
-            {
-                int stage = BitOperations.TrailingZeroCount(stages);
-                stages &= ~(1u << stage);
-
-                var stageFlags = stage switch
-                {
-                    1 => ShaderStageFlags.FragmentBit,
-                    2 => ShaderStageFlags.GeometryBit,
-                    3 => ShaderStageFlags.TessellationControlBit,
-                    4 => ShaderStageFlags.TessellationEvaluationBit,
-                    _ => ShaderStageFlags.VertexBit | ShaderStageFlags.ComputeBit
-                };
-
-                void Set(DescriptorSetLayoutBinding* bindings, int maxPerStage, DescriptorType type, int start, int skip)
-                {
-                    int totalPerStage = maxPerStage * skip;
-
-                    for (int i = 0; i < maxPerStage; i++)
+                    for (int descIndex = 0; descIndex < rdc.Descriptors.Count; descIndex++)
                     {
-                        bindings[start + iter * totalPerStage + i] = new DescriptorSetLayoutBinding
-                        {
-                            Binding = (uint)(start + stage * totalPerStage + i),
-                            DescriptorType = type,
-                            DescriptorCount = 1,
-                            StageFlags = stageFlags
-                        };
+                        activeStages |= rdc.Descriptors[descIndex].Stages;
                     }
                 }
 
-                void SetStorage(DescriptorSetLayoutBinding* bindings, int maxPerStage, int start = 0)
-                {
-                    // There's a bug on MoltenVK where using the same buffer across different stages
-                    // causes invalid resource errors, allow the binding on all active stages as workaround.
-                    var flags = gd.IsMoltenVk ? activeStages : stageFlags;
+                DescriptorSetLayoutBinding[] layoutBindings = new DescriptorSetLayoutBinding[rdc.Descriptors.Count];
 
-                    bindings[start + iter] = new DescriptorSetLayoutBinding
+                for (int descIndex = 0; descIndex < rdc.Descriptors.Count; descIndex++)
+                {
+                    ResourceDescriptor descriptor = rdc.Descriptors[descIndex];
+
+                    ResourceStages stages = descriptor.Stages;
+
+                    if (descriptor.Type == ResourceType.StorageBuffer && isMoltenVk)
                     {
-                        Binding = (uint)(start + stage * maxPerStage),
-                        DescriptorType = DescriptorType.StorageBuffer,
-                        DescriptorCount = (uint)maxPerStage,
-                        StageFlags = flags
+                        // There's a bug on MoltenVK where using the same buffer across different stages
+                        // causes invalid resource errors, allow the binding on all active stages as workaround.
+                        stages = activeStages;
+                    }
+
+                    layoutBindings[descIndex] = new DescriptorSetLayoutBinding()
+                    {
+                        Binding = (uint)descriptor.Binding,
+                        DescriptorType = descriptor.Type.Convert(),
+                        DescriptorCount = (uint)descriptor.Count,
+                        StageFlags = stages.Convert()
                     };
                 }
 
-                Set(uLayoutBindings, Constants.MaxUniformBuffersPerStage, DescriptorType.UniformBuffer, 1, 1);
-                SetStorage(sLayoutBindings, Constants.MaxStorageBuffersPerStage);
-                Set(tLayoutBindings, Constants.MaxTexturesPerStage, DescriptorType.CombinedImageSampler, 0, 2);
-                Set(tLayoutBindings, Constants.MaxTexturesPerStage, DescriptorType.UniformTexelBuffer, Constants.MaxTexturesPerStage, 2);
-                Set(iLayoutBindings, Constants.MaxImagesPerStage, DescriptorType.StorageImage, 0, 2);
-                Set(iLayoutBindings, Constants.MaxImagesPerStage, DescriptorType.StorageTexelBuffer, Constants.MaxImagesPerStage, 2);
-
-                iter++;
-            }
-
-            DescriptorSetLayout[] layouts = new DescriptorSetLayout[PipelineBase.DescriptorSetLayouts];
-
-            var uDescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo = new DescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo()
-            {
-                SType = StructureType.DescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo,
-                PBindings = uLayoutBindings,
-                BindingCount = (uint)uCount,
-                Flags = usePd ? DescriptorSetLayoutCreateFlags.PushDescriptorBitKhr : 0
-            };
-
-            var sDescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo = new DescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo()
-            {
-                SType = StructureType.DescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo,
-                PBindings = sLayoutBindings,
-                BindingCount = (uint)stagesCount
-            };
-
-            var tDescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo = new DescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo()
-            {
-                SType = StructureType.DescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo,
-                PBindings = tLayoutBindings,
-                BindingCount = (uint)tCount
-            };
-
-            var iDescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo = new DescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo()
-            {
-                SType = StructureType.DescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo,
-                PBindings = iLayoutBindings,
-                BindingCount = (uint)iCount
-            };
-
-            gd.Api.CreateDescriptorSetLayout(device, uDescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo, null, out layouts[PipelineBase.UniformSetIndex]).ThrowOnError();
-            gd.Api.CreateDescriptorSetLayout(device, sDescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo, null, out layouts[PipelineBase.StorageSetIndex]).ThrowOnError();
-            gd.Api.CreateDescriptorSetLayout(device, tDescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo, null, out layouts[PipelineBase.TextureSetIndex]).ThrowOnError();
-            gd.Api.CreateDescriptorSetLayout(device, iDescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo, null, out layouts[PipelineBase.ImageSetIndex]).ThrowOnError();
-
-            fixed (DescriptorSetLayout* pLayouts = layouts)
-            {
-                var pipelineLayoutCreateInfo = new PipelineLayoutCreateInfo()
+                fixed (DescriptorSetLayoutBinding* pLayoutBindings = layoutBindings)
                 {
-                    SType = StructureType.PipelineLayoutCreateInfo,
-                    PSetLayouts = pLayouts,
-                    SetLayoutCount = PipelineBase.DescriptorSetLayouts
-                };
-
-                gd.Api.CreatePipelineLayout(device, &pipelineLayoutCreateInfo, null, out layout).ThrowOnError();
-            }
-
-            return layouts;
-        }
-
-        public static unsafe DescriptorSetLayout[] CreateMinimal(VulkanRenderer gd, Device device, ShaderSource[] shaders, out PipelineLayout layout)
-        {
-            int stagesCount = shaders.Length;
-
-            int uCount = 0;
-            int sCount = 0;
-            int tCount = 0;
-            int iCount = 0;
-
-            foreach (var shader in shaders)
-            {
-                uCount += shader.Bindings.UniformBufferBindings.Count;
-                sCount += shader.Bindings.StorageBufferBindings.Count;
-                tCount += shader.Bindings.TextureBindings.Count;
-                iCount += shader.Bindings.ImageBindings.Count;
-            }
-
-            DescriptorSetLayoutBinding* uLayoutBindings = stackalloc DescriptorSetLayoutBinding[uCount];
-            DescriptorSetLayoutBinding* sLayoutBindings = stackalloc DescriptorSetLayoutBinding[sCount];
-            DescriptorSetLayoutBinding* tLayoutBindings = stackalloc DescriptorSetLayoutBinding[tCount];
-            DescriptorSetLayoutBinding* iLayoutBindings = stackalloc DescriptorSetLayoutBinding[iCount];
-
-            int uIndex = 0;
-            int sIndex = 0;
-            int tIndex = 0;
-            int iIndex = 0;
-
-            foreach (var shader in shaders)
-            {
-                var stageFlags = shader.Stage.Convert();
-
-                void Set(DescriptorSetLayoutBinding* bindings, DescriptorType type, ref int start, IEnumerable<int> bds)
-                {
-                    foreach (var b in bds)
+                    var descriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo = new DescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo()
                     {
-                        bindings[start++] = new DescriptorSetLayoutBinding
-                        {
-                            Binding = (uint)b,
-                            DescriptorType = type,
-                            DescriptorCount = 1,
-                            StageFlags = stageFlags
-                        };
-                    }
-                }
+                        SType = StructureType.DescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo,
+                        PBindings = pLayoutBindings,
+                        BindingCount = (uint)layoutBindings.Length,
+                        Flags = usePushDescriptors && setIndex == 0 ? DescriptorSetLayoutCreateFlags.PushDescriptorBitKhr : DescriptorSetLayoutCreateFlags.None
+                    };
 
-                // TODO: Support buffer textures and images here.
-                // This is only used for the helper shaders on the backend, and we don't use buffer textures on them
-                // so far, so it's not really necessary right now.
-                Set(uLayoutBindings, DescriptorType.UniformBuffer, ref uIndex, shader.Bindings.UniformBufferBindings);
-                Set(sLayoutBindings, DescriptorType.StorageBuffer, ref sIndex, shader.Bindings.StorageBufferBindings);
-                Set(tLayoutBindings, DescriptorType.CombinedImageSampler, ref tIndex, shader.Bindings.TextureBindings);
-                Set(iLayoutBindings, DescriptorType.StorageImage, ref iIndex, shader.Bindings.ImageBindings);
+                    gd.Api.CreateDescriptorSetLayout(device, descriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo, null, out layouts[setIndex]).ThrowOnError();
+                }
             }
 
-            DescriptorSetLayout[] layouts = new DescriptorSetLayout[PipelineBase.DescriptorSetLayouts];
-
-            var uDescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo = new DescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo()
-            {
-                SType = StructureType.DescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo,
-                PBindings = uLayoutBindings,
-                BindingCount = (uint)uCount
-            };
-
-            var sDescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo = new DescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo()
-            {
-                SType = StructureType.DescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo,
-                PBindings = sLayoutBindings,
-                BindingCount = (uint)sCount
-            };
-
-            var tDescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo = new DescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo()
-            {
-                SType = StructureType.DescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo,
-                PBindings = tLayoutBindings,
-                BindingCount = (uint)tCount
-            };
-
-            var iDescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo = new DescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo()
-            {
-                SType = StructureType.DescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo,
-                PBindings = iLayoutBindings,
-                BindingCount = (uint)iCount
-            };
-
-            gd.Api.CreateDescriptorSetLayout(device, uDescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo, null, out layouts[PipelineBase.UniformSetIndex]).ThrowOnError();
-            gd.Api.CreateDescriptorSetLayout(device, sDescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo, null, out layouts[PipelineBase.StorageSetIndex]).ThrowOnError();
-            gd.Api.CreateDescriptorSetLayout(device, tDescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo, null, out layouts[PipelineBase.TextureSetIndex]).ThrowOnError();
-            gd.Api.CreateDescriptorSetLayout(device, iDescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo, null, out layouts[PipelineBase.ImageSetIndex]).ThrowOnError();
+            PipelineLayout layout;
 
             fixed (DescriptorSetLayout* pLayouts = layouts)
             {
@@ -259,13 +76,13 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 {
                     SType = StructureType.PipelineLayoutCreateInfo,
                     PSetLayouts = pLayouts,
-                    SetLayoutCount = PipelineBase.DescriptorSetLayouts
+                    SetLayoutCount = (uint)layouts.Length
                 };
 
                 gd.Api.CreatePipelineLayout(device, &pipelineLayoutCreateInfo, null, out layout).ThrowOnError();
             }
 
-            return layouts;
+            return (layouts, layout);
         }
     }
 }

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/ResourceBindingSegment.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
+{
+    readonly struct ResourceBindingSegment
+    {
+        public readonly int Binding;
+        public readonly int Count;
+        public readonly ResourceType Type;
+        public readonly ResourceStages Stages;
+        public readonly ResourceAccess Access;
+
+        public ResourceBindingSegment(int binding, int count, ResourceType type, ResourceStages stages, ResourceAccess access)
+        {
+            Binding = binding;
+            Count = count;
+            Type = type;
+            Stages = stages;
+            Access = access;
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/ResourceLayoutBuilder.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL;
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
+{
+    class ResourceLayoutBuilder
+    {
+        private const int TotalSets = PipelineBase.DescriptorSetLayouts;
+
+        private readonly List<ResourceDescriptor>[] _resourceDescriptors;
+        private readonly List<ResourceUsage>[] _resourceUsages;
+
+        public ResourceLayoutBuilder()
+        {
+            _resourceDescriptors = new List<ResourceDescriptor>[TotalSets];
+            _resourceUsages = new List<ResourceUsage>[TotalSets];
+
+            for (int index = 0; index < TotalSets; index++)
+            {
+                _resourceDescriptors[index] = new();
+                _resourceUsages[index] = new();
+            }
+        }
+
+        public ResourceLayoutBuilder Add(ResourceStages stages, ResourceType type, int binding)
+        {
+            int setIndex = type switch
+            {
+                ResourceType.UniformBuffer => PipelineBase.UniformSetIndex,
+                ResourceType.StorageBuffer => PipelineBase.StorageSetIndex,
+                ResourceType.TextureAndSampler or ResourceType.BufferTexture => PipelineBase.TextureSetIndex,
+                ResourceType.Image or ResourceType.BufferImage => PipelineBase.ImageSetIndex,
+                _ => throw new ArgumentException($"Invalid resource type \"{type}\".")
+            };
+
+            ResourceAccess access = IsReadOnlyType(type) ? ResourceAccess.Read : ResourceAccess.ReadWrite;
+
+            _resourceDescriptors[setIndex].Add(new ResourceDescriptor(binding, 1, type, stages));
+            _resourceUsages[setIndex].Add(new ResourceUsage(binding, type, stages, access));
+
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        private static bool IsReadOnlyType(ResourceType type)
+        {
+            return type == ResourceType.UniformBuffer ||
+                   type == ResourceType.Sampler ||
+                   type == ResourceType.TextureAndSampler ||
+                   type == ResourceType.BufferTexture;
+        }
+
+        public ResourceLayout Build()
+        {
+            var descriptors = new ResourceDescriptorCollection[TotalSets];
+            var usages = new ResourceUsageCollection[TotalSets];
+
+            for (int index = 0; index < TotalSets; index++)
+            {
+                descriptors[index] = new ResourceDescriptorCollection(_resourceDescriptors[index].ToArray().AsReadOnly());
+                usages[index] = new ResourceUsageCollection(_resourceUsages[index].ToArray().AsReadOnly());
+            }
+
+            return new ResourceLayout(descriptors.AsReadOnly(), usages.AsReadOnly());
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/Shader.cs

@@ -26,8 +26,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 
         public ShaderStageFlags StageFlags => _stage;
 
-        public ShaderBindings Bindings { get; }
-
         public ProgramLinkStatus CompileStatus { private set; get; }
 
         public readonly Task CompileTask;
@@ -36,7 +34,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
         {
             _api = api;
             _device = device;
-            Bindings = shaderSource.Bindings;
 
             CompileStatus = ProgramLinkStatus.Incomplete;
 

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/ShaderCollection.cs

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL;
 using Silk.NET.Vulkan;
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 
@@ -23,7 +24,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 
         public uint Stages { get; }
 
-        public int[][][] Bindings { get; }
+        public ResourceBindingSegment[][] BindingSegments { get; }
 
         public ProgramLinkStatus LinkStatus { get; private set; }
 
@@ -54,7 +55,13 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
         private Task _compileTask;
         private bool _firstBackgroundUse;
 
-        public ShaderCollection(VulkanRenderer gd, Device device, ShaderSource[] shaders, SpecDescription[] specDescription = null, bool isMinimal = false)
+        public ShaderCollection(
+            VulkanRenderer gd,
+            Device device,
+            ShaderSource[] shaders,
+            ResourceLayout resourceLayout,
+            SpecDescription[] specDescription = null,
+            bool isMinimal = false)
         {
             _gd = gd;
             _device = device;
@@ -99,39 +106,16 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 
             _shaders = internalShaders;
 
-            bool usePd = !isMinimal && VulkanConfiguration.UsePushDescriptors && _gd.Capabilities.SupportsPushDescriptors;
+            bool usePushDescriptors = !isMinimal && VulkanConfiguration.UsePushDescriptors && _gd.Capabilities.SupportsPushDescriptors;
 
-            _plce = isMinimal
-                ? gd.PipelineLayoutCache.Create(gd, device, shaders)
-                : gd.PipelineLayoutCache.GetOrCreate(gd, device, stages, usePd);
+            _plce = gd.PipelineLayoutCache.GetOrCreate(gd, device, resourceLayout.Sets, usePushDescriptors);
 
             HasMinimalLayout = isMinimal;
-            UsePushDescriptors = usePd;
+            UsePushDescriptors = usePushDescriptors;
 
             Stages = stages;
 
-            int[][] GrabAll(Func<ShaderBindings, IReadOnlyCollection<int>> selector)
-            {
-                bool hasAny = false;
-                int[][] bindings = new int[internalShaders.Length][];
-
-                for (int i = 0; i < internalShaders.Length; i++)
-                {
-                    var collection = selector(internalShaders[i].Bindings);
-                    hasAny |= collection.Count != 0;
-                    bindings[i] = collection.ToArray();
-                }
-
-                return hasAny ? bindings : Array.Empty<int[]>();
-            }
-
-            Bindings = new[]
-            {
-                GrabAll(x => x.UniformBufferBindings),
-                GrabAll(x => x.StorageBufferBindings),
-                GrabAll(x => x.TextureBindings),
-                GrabAll(x => x.ImageBindings)
-            };
+            BindingSegments = BuildBindingSegments(resourceLayout.SetUsages);
 
             _compileTask = Task.CompletedTask;
             _firstBackgroundUse = false;
@@ -141,8 +125,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             VulkanRenderer gd,
             Device device,
             ShaderSource[] sources,
+            ResourceLayout resourceLayout,
             ProgramPipelineState state,
-            bool fromCache) : this(gd, device, sources)
+            bool fromCache) : this(gd, device, sources, resourceLayout)
         {
             _state = state;
 
@@ -150,6 +135,67 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             _firstBackgroundUse = !fromCache;
         }
 
+        private static ResourceBindingSegment[][] BuildBindingSegments(ReadOnlyCollection<ResourceUsageCollection> setUsages)
+        {
+            ResourceBindingSegment[][] segments = new ResourceBindingSegment[setUsages.Count][];
+
+            for (int setIndex = 0; setIndex < setUsages.Count; setIndex++)
+            {
+                List<ResourceBindingSegment> currentSegments = new List<ResourceBindingSegment>();
+
+                ResourceUsage currentUsage = default;
+                int currentCount = 0;
+
+                for (int index = 0; index < setUsages[setIndex].Usages.Count; index++)
+                {
+                    ResourceUsage usage = setUsages[setIndex].Usages[index];
+
+                    // If the resource is not accessed, we don't need to update it.
+                    if (usage.Access == ResourceAccess.None)
+                    {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+
+                    if (currentUsage.Binding + currentCount != usage.Binding ||
+                        currentUsage.Type != usage.Type ||
+                        currentUsage.Stages != usage.Stages ||
+                        currentUsage.Access != usage.Access)
+                    {
+                        if (currentCount != 0)
+                        {
+                            currentSegments.Add(new ResourceBindingSegment(
+                                currentUsage.Binding,
+                                currentCount,
+                                currentUsage.Type,
+                                currentUsage.Stages,
+                                currentUsage.Access));
+                        }
+
+                        currentUsage = usage;
+                        currentCount = 1;
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        currentCount++;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if (currentCount != 0)
+                {
+                    currentSegments.Add(new ResourceBindingSegment(
+                        currentUsage.Binding,
+                        currentCount,
+                        currentUsage.Type,
+                        currentUsage.Stages,
+                        currentUsage.Access));
+                }
+
+                segments[setIndex] = currentSegments.ToArray();
+            }
+
+            return segments;
+        }
+
         private async Task BackgroundCompilation()
         {
             await Task.WhenAll(_shaders.Select(shader => shader.CompileTask));

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/VulkanRenderer.cs

@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ using Silk.NET.Vulkan.Extensions.EXT;
 using Silk.NET.Vulkan.Extensions.KHR;
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
-using System.Linq;
 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
@@ -398,17 +397,17 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 
             if (info.State.HasValue || isCompute)
             {
-                return new ShaderCollection(this, _device, sources, info.State ?? default, info.FromCache);
+                return new ShaderCollection(this, _device, sources, info.ResourceLayout, info.State ?? default, info.FromCache);
             }
             else
             {
-                return new ShaderCollection(this, _device, sources);
+                return new ShaderCollection(this, _device, sources, info.ResourceLayout);
             }
         }
 
-        internal ShaderCollection CreateProgramWithMinimalLayout(ShaderSource[] sources, SpecDescription[] specDescription = null)
+        internal ShaderCollection CreateProgramWithMinimalLayout(ShaderSource[] sources, ResourceLayout resourceLayout, SpecDescription[] specDescription = null)
         {
-            return new ShaderCollection(this, _device, sources, specDescription: specDescription, isMinimal: true);
+            return new ShaderCollection(this, _device, sources, resourceLayout, specDescription, isMinimal: true);
         }
 
         public ISampler CreateSampler(GAL.SamplerCreateInfo info)
@@ -600,6 +599,25 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             return new HardwareInfo(GpuVendor, GpuRenderer);
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Gets the available Vulkan devices using the default Vulkan API
+        /// object returned by <see cref="Vk.GetApi()"/>
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <returns></returns>
+        public static DeviceInfo[] GetPhysicalDevices()
+        {
+            try
+            {
+                return VulkanInitialization.GetSuitablePhysicalDevices(Vk.GetApi());
+            }
+            catch (Exception ex)
+            {
+                Logger.Error?.PrintMsg(LogClass.Gpu, $"Error querying Vulkan devices: {ex.Message}");
+
+                return Array.Empty<DeviceInfo>();
+            }
+        }
+
         public static DeviceInfo[] GetPhysicalDevices(Vk api)
         {
             try
@@ -658,7 +676,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             Logger.Notice.Print(LogClass.Gpu, $"{GpuVendor} {GpuRenderer} ({GpuVersion})");
         }
 
-        public GAL.PrimitiveTopology TopologyRemap(GAL.PrimitiveTopology topology)
+        internal GAL.PrimitiveTopology TopologyRemap(GAL.PrimitiveTopology topology)
         {
             return topology switch
             {
@@ -669,7 +687,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             };
         }
 
-        public bool TopologyUnsupported(GAL.PrimitiveTopology topology)
+        internal bool TopologyUnsupported(GAL.PrimitiveTopology topology)
         {
             return topology switch
             {

src/Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Services/ServerBase.cs

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 using Ryujinx.Common;
+using Ryujinx.Common.Logging;
 using Ryujinx.Common.Memory;
 using Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Ipc;
 using Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Kernel;
@@ -32,13 +33,14 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services
             0x01007FFF
         };
 
-        private readonly object _handleLock = new();
+        // The amount of time Dispose() will wait to Join() the thread executing the ServerLoop()
+        private static readonly TimeSpan ThreadJoinTimeout = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(3);
 
         private readonly KernelContext _context;
         private KProcess _selfProcess;
+        private KThread _selfThread;
 
-        private readonly List<int> _sessionHandles = new List<int>();
-        private readonly List<int> _portHandles = new List<int>();
+        private readonly ReaderWriterLockSlim _handleLock = new ReaderWriterLockSlim();
         private readonly Dictionary<int, IpcService> _sessions = new Dictionary<int, IpcService>();
         private readonly Dictionary<int, Func<IpcService>> _ports = new Dictionary<int, Func<IpcService>>();
 
@@ -48,6 +50,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services
         private readonly MemoryStream _responseDataStream;
         private readonly BinaryWriter _responseDataWriter;
 
+        private int _isDisposed = 0;
+
         public ManualResetEvent InitDone { get; }
         public string Name { get; }
         public Func<IpcService> SmObjectFactory { get; }
@@ -79,11 +83,20 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services
 
         private void AddPort(int serverPortHandle, Func<IpcService> objectFactory)
         {
-            lock (_handleLock)
+            bool lockTaken = false;
+            try
             {
-                _portHandles.Add(serverPortHandle);
+                lockTaken = _handleLock.TryEnterWriteLock(Timeout.Infinite);
+
+                _ports.Add(serverPortHandle, objectFactory);
+            }
+            finally
+            {
+                if (lockTaken)
+                {
+                    _handleLock.ExitWriteLock();
+                }
             }
-            _ports.Add(serverPortHandle, objectFactory);
         }
 
         public void AddSessionObj(KServerSession serverSession, IpcService obj)
@@ -92,16 +105,62 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services
             InitDone.WaitOne();
 
             _selfProcess.HandleTable.GenerateHandle(serverSession, out int serverSessionHandle);
+
             AddSessionObj(serverSessionHandle, obj);
         }
 
         public void AddSessionObj(int serverSessionHandle, IpcService obj)
         {
-            lock (_handleLock)
+            bool lockTaken = false;
+            try
             {
-                _sessionHandles.Add(serverSessionHandle);
+                lockTaken = _handleLock.TryEnterWriteLock(Timeout.Infinite);
+
+                _sessions.Add(serverSessionHandle, obj);
+            }
+            finally
+            {
+                if (lockTaken)
+                {
+                    _handleLock.ExitWriteLock();
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        private IpcService GetSessionObj(int serverSessionHandle)
+        {
+            bool lockTaken = false;
+            try
+            {
+                lockTaken = _handleLock.TryEnterReadLock(Timeout.Infinite);
+
+                return _sessions[serverSessionHandle];
+            }
+            finally
+            {
+                if (lockTaken)
+                {
+                    _handleLock.ExitReadLock();
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        private bool RemoveSessionObj(int serverSessionHandle, out IpcService obj)
+        {
+            bool lockTaken = false;
+            try
+            {
+                lockTaken = _handleLock.TryEnterWriteLock(Timeout.Infinite);
+
+                return _sessions.Remove(serverSessionHandle, out obj);
+            }
+            finally
+            {
+                if (lockTaken)
+                {
+                    _handleLock.ExitWriteLock();
+                }
             }
-            _sessions.Add(serverSessionHandle, obj);
         }
 
         private void Main()
@@ -112,6 +171,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services
         private void ServerLoop()
         {
             _selfProcess = KernelStatic.GetCurrentProcess();
+            _selfThread = KernelStatic.GetCurrentThread();
 
             if (SmObjectFactory != null)
             {
@@ -122,8 +182,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services
 
             InitDone.Set();
 
-            KThread thread = KernelStatic.GetCurrentThread();
-            ulong messagePtr = thread.TlsAddress;
+            ulong messagePtr = _selfThread.TlsAddress;
             _context.Syscall.SetHeapSize(out ulong heapAddr, 0x200000);
 
             _selfProcess.CpuMemory.Write(messagePtr + 0x0, 0);
@@ -134,27 +193,39 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services
 
             while (true)
             {
-                int handleCount;
                 int portHandleCount;
+                int handleCount;
                 int[] handles;
 
-                lock (_handleLock)
+                bool handleLockTaken = false;
+                try
                 {
-                    portHandleCount = _portHandles.Count;
-                    handleCount = portHandleCount + _sessionHandles.Count;
+                    handleLockTaken = _handleLock.TryEnterReadLock(Timeout.Infinite);
+
+                    portHandleCount = _ports.Count;
+
+                    handleCount = portHandleCount + _sessions.Count;
 
                     handles = ArrayPool<int>.Shared.Rent(handleCount);
 
-                    _portHandles.CopyTo(handles, 0);
-                    _sessionHandles.CopyTo(handles, portHandleCount);
+                    _ports.Keys.CopyTo(handles, 0);
+
+                    _sessions.Keys.CopyTo(handles, portHandleCount);
+                }
+                finally
+                {
+                    if (handleLockTaken)
+                    {
+                        _handleLock.ExitReadLock();
+                    }
                 }
 
                 // We still need a timeout here to allow the service to pick up and listen new sessions...
                 var rc = _context.Syscall.ReplyAndReceive(out int signaledIndex, handles.AsSpan(0, handleCount), replyTargetHandle, 1000000L);
 
-                thread.HandlePostSyscall();
+                _selfThread.HandlePostSyscall();
 
-                if (!thread.Context.Running)
+                if (!_selfThread.Context.Running)
                 {
                     break;
                 }
@@ -178,9 +249,20 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services
                         // We got a new connection, accept the session to allow servicing future requests.
                         if (_context.Syscall.AcceptSession(out int serverSessionHandle, handles[signaledIndex]) == Result.Success)
                         {
-                            IpcService obj = _ports[handles[signaledIndex]].Invoke();
-
-                            AddSessionObj(serverSessionHandle, obj);
+                            bool handleWriteLockTaken = false;
+                            try
+                            {
+                                handleWriteLockTaken = _handleLock.TryEnterWriteLock(Timeout.Infinite);
+                                IpcService obj = _ports[handles[signaledIndex]].Invoke();
+                                _sessions.Add(serverSessionHandle, obj);
+                            }
+                            finally
+                            {
+                                if (handleWriteLockTaken)
+                                {
+                                    _handleLock.ExitWriteLock();
+                                }
+                            }
                         }
                     }
 
@@ -197,11 +279,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services
 
         private bool Process(int serverSessionHandle, ulong recvListAddr)
         {
-            KProcess process = KernelStatic.GetCurrentProcess();
-            KThread thread = KernelStatic.GetCurrentThread();
-            ulong messagePtr = thread.TlsAddress;
-
-            IpcMessage request = ReadRequest(process, messagePtr);
+            IpcMessage request = ReadRequest();
 
             IpcMessage response = new IpcMessage();
 
@@ -247,15 +325,15 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services
 
                 ServiceCtx context = new ServiceCtx(
                     _context.Device,
-                    process,
-                    process.CpuMemory,
-                    thread,
+                    _selfProcess,
+                    _selfProcess.CpuMemory,
+                    _selfThread,
                     request,
                     response,
                     _requestDataReader,
                     _responseDataWriter);
 
-                _sessions[serverSessionHandle].CallCmifMethod(context);
+                GetSessionObj(serverSessionHandle).CallCmifMethod(context);
 
                 response.RawData = _responseDataStream.ToArray();
             }
@@ -268,7 +346,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services
                 switch (cmdId)
                 {
                     case 0:
-                        FillHipcResponse(response, 0, _sessions[serverSessionHandle].ConvertToDomain());
+                        FillHipcResponse(response, 0, GetSessionObj(serverSessionHandle).ConvertToDomain());
                         break;
 
                     case 3:
@@ -278,17 +356,31 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services
                     // TODO: Whats the difference between IpcDuplicateSession/Ex?
                     case 2:
                     case 4:
-                        int unknown = _requestDataReader.ReadInt32();
+                        {
+                            _ = _requestDataReader.ReadInt32();
 
-                        _context.Syscall.CreateSession(out int dupServerSessionHandle, out int dupClientSessionHandle, false, 0);
+                            _context.Syscall.CreateSession(out int dupServerSessionHandle, out int dupClientSessionHandle, false, 0);
 
-                        AddSessionObj(dupServerSessionHandle, _sessions[serverSessionHandle]);
+                            bool writeLockTaken = false;
+                            try
+                            {
+                                writeLockTaken = _handleLock.TryEnterWriteLock(Timeout.Infinite);
+                                _sessions[dupServerSessionHandle] = _sessions[serverSessionHandle];
+                            }
+                            finally
+                            {
+                                if (writeLockTaken)
+                                {
+                                    _handleLock.ExitWriteLock();
+                                }
+                            }
 
-                        response.HandleDesc = IpcHandleDesc.MakeMove(dupClientSessionHandle);
+                            response.HandleDesc = IpcHandleDesc.MakeMove(dupClientSessionHandle);
 
-                        FillHipcResponse(response, 0);
+                            FillHipcResponse(response, 0);
 
-                        break;
+                            break;
+                        }
 
                     default: throw new NotImplementedException(cmdId.ToString());
                 }
@@ -296,13 +388,10 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services
             else if (request.Type == IpcMessageType.CmifCloseSession || request.Type == IpcMessageType.TipcCloseSession)
             {
                 _context.Syscall.CloseHandle(serverSessionHandle);
-                lock (_handleLock)
+                if (RemoveSessionObj(serverSessionHandle, out var session))
                 {
-                    _sessionHandles.Remove(serverSessionHandle);
+                    (session as IDisposable)?.Dispose();
                 }
-                IpcService service = _sessions[serverSessionHandle];
-                (service as IDisposable)?.Dispose();
-                _sessions.Remove(serverSessionHandle);
                 shouldReply = false;
             }
             // If the type is past 0xF, we are using TIPC
@@ -317,20 +406,20 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services
 
                 ServiceCtx context = new ServiceCtx(
                     _context.Device,
-                    process,
-                    process.CpuMemory,
-                    thread,
+                    _selfProcess,
+                    _selfProcess.CpuMemory,
+                    _selfThread,
                     request,
                     response,
                     _requestDataReader,
                     _responseDataWriter);
 
-                _sessions[serverSessionHandle].CallTipcMethod(context);
+                GetSessionObj(serverSessionHandle).CallTipcMethod(context);
 
                 response.RawData = _responseDataStream.ToArray();
 
                 using var responseStream = response.GetStreamTipc();
-                process.CpuMemory.Write(messagePtr, responseStream.GetReadOnlySequence());
+                _selfProcess.CpuMemory.Write(_selfThread.TlsAddress, responseStream.GetReadOnlySequence());
             }
             else
             {
@@ -339,27 +428,24 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services
 
             if (!isTipcCommunication)
             {
-                using var responseStream = response.GetStream((long)messagePtr, recvListAddr | ((ulong)PointerBufferSize << 48));
-                process.CpuMemory.Write(messagePtr, responseStream.GetReadOnlySequence());
+                using var responseStream = response.GetStream((long)_selfThread.TlsAddress, recvListAddr | ((ulong)PointerBufferSize << 48));
+                _selfProcess.CpuMemory.Write(_selfThread.TlsAddress, responseStream.GetReadOnlySequence());
             }
 
             return shouldReply;
         }
 
-        private static IpcMessage ReadRequest(KProcess process, ulong messagePtr)
+        private IpcMessage ReadRequest()
         {
             const int messageSize = 0x100;
 
-            byte[] reqData = ArrayPool<byte>.Shared.Rent(messageSize);
+            using IMemoryOwner<byte> reqDataOwner = ByteMemoryPool.Shared.Rent(messageSize);
 
-            Span<byte> reqDataSpan = reqData.AsSpan(0, messageSize);
-            reqDataSpan.Clear();
+            Span<byte> reqDataSpan = reqDataOwner.Memory.Span;
 
-            process.CpuMemory.Read(messagePtr, reqDataSpan);
+            _selfProcess.CpuMemory.Read(_selfThread.TlsAddress, reqDataSpan);
 
-            IpcMessage request = new IpcMessage(reqDataSpan, (long)messagePtr);
-
-            ArrayPool<byte>.Shared.Return(reqData);
+            IpcMessage request = new IpcMessage(reqDataSpan, (long)_selfThread.TlsAddress);
 
             return request;
         }
@@ -392,26 +478,35 @@ namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Services
 
         protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing)
         {
-            if (disposing)
+            if (disposing && _selfThread != null)
             {
-                foreach (IpcService service in _sessions.Values)
+                if (_selfThread.HostThread.ManagedThreadId != Environment.CurrentManagedThreadId && _selfThread.HostThread.Join(ThreadJoinTimeout) == false)
                 {
-                    if (service is IDisposable disposableObj)
-                    {
-                        disposableObj.Dispose();
-                    }
+                    Logger.Warning?.Print(LogClass.Service, $"The ServerBase thread didn't terminate within {ThreadJoinTimeout:g}, waiting longer.");
 
-                    service.DestroyAtExit();
+                    _selfThread.HostThread.Join(Timeout.Infinite);
                 }
 
-                _sessions.Clear();
+                if (Interlocked.Exchange(ref _isDisposed, 1) == 0)
+                {
+                    foreach (IpcService service in _sessions.Values)
+                    {
+                        (service as IDisposable)?.Dispose();
 
-                _requestDataReader.Dispose();
-                _requestDataStream.Dispose();
-                _responseDataWriter.Dispose();
-                _responseDataStream.Dispose();
+                        service.DestroyAtExit();
+                    }
 
-                InitDone.Dispose();
+                    _sessions.Clear();
+                    _ports.Clear();
+                    _handleLock.Dispose();
+
+                    _requestDataReader.Dispose();
+                    _requestDataStream.Dispose();
+                    _responseDataWriter.Dispose();
+                    _responseDataStream.Dispose();
+
+                    InitDone.Dispose();
+                }
             }
         }
 

src/Ryujinx/Ui/Windows/SettingsWindow.cs

@@ -478,7 +478,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ui.Windows
 
             if (Enum.Parse<GraphicsBackend>(_graphicsBackend.ActiveId) == GraphicsBackend.Vulkan)
             {
-                var devices = VulkanRenderer.GetPhysicalDevices(Vk.GetApi());
+                var devices = VulkanRenderer.GetPhysicalDevices();
                 string preferredGpuIdFromConfig = ConfigurationState.Instance.Graphics.PreferredGpu.Value;
                 string preferredGpuId = preferredGpuIdFromConfig;
                 bool noGpuId = string.IsNullOrEmpty(preferredGpuIdFromConfig);